


}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0121898}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371\%2Fjournal.pone.0121898}, author = {Cocho, Germinal and Flores, Jorge and Gershenson, Carlos and Pineda, Carlos and S{\'a}nchez, Sergio} } @article {159, title = {Requisite Variety, Autopoiesis, and Self-organization}, journal = {Kybernetes}, volume = {44}, year = {2015}, pages = {866{\textendash}873}, author = {Carlos Gershenson} } @article {doi:10.1162/artl_a_00026, title = {Reviving the Living: Meaning Making in Living Systems. Yair Neuman. (2008, Elsevier, Studies in Multidisciplinarity, Vol. 6). $197 (hardbound), 320 pages.}, journal = {Artificial Life}, volume = {17}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, pages = {145-146}, doi = {10.1162/artl_a_00026}, url = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/artl_a_00026}, author = {Gershenson, Carlos} } @article {doi:10.1162/artl.2009.Gershenson.B6, title = {Reinventing the Sacred: A New View of Science, Reason, and Religion. Stuart A. Kauffman. (2008, Basic Books.) $27.}, journal = {Artificial Life}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, year = {2009}, pages = {485-487}, doi = {10.1162/artl.2009.Gershenson.B6}, url = {http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/artl.2009.Gershenson.B6}, author = {Gershenson, Carlos} } @conference {GershensonEtAl2006, title = {The Role of Redundancy in the Robustness of Random {Boolean} Networks}, booktitle = {{Artificial Life X}, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems.}, year = {2006}, pages = {35{\textendash}42}, publisher = {MIT Press}, organization = {MIT Press}, abstract = {Evolution depends on the possibility of successfully exploring fitness landscapes via mutation and recombination. With these search procedures, exploration is difficult in "rugged" fitness landscapes, where small mutations can drastically change functionalities in an organism. Random Boolean networks (RBNs), being general models, can be used to explore theories of how evolution can take place in rugged landscapes; or even change the landscapes. In this paper, we study the effect that redundant nodes have on the robustness of RBNs. Using computer simulations, we have found that the addition of redundant nodes to RBNs increases their robustness. We conjecture that redundancy is a way of "smoothening" fitness landscapes. Therefore, redundancy can facilitate evolutionary searches. However, too much redundancy could reduce the rate of adaptation of an evolutionary process. Our results also provide supporting evidence in favour of Kauffman{\textquoteright}s conjecture (Kauffman, 2000, p.195).}, url = {http://uk.arxiv.org/abs/nlin.AO/0511018}, author = {Carlos Gershenson and Stuart A. Kauffman and Ilya Shmulevich}, editor = {Rocha, L. M. and L. S. Yaeger and M. A. Bedau and D. Floreano and R. L. Goldstone and A. Vespignani} }