What are the colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy findings characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

Updated: Apr 10, 2020
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Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy reveals that the rectum is almost always involved in ulcerative colitis, but it is frequently spared in Crohn disease. The disease can be limited to the rectum (proctitis); to the rectum, sigmoid, and descending colon (left-sided colitis); or to the entire colon (pancolitis). Ulcerative colitis does not involve any other segment of the GI tract. Colectomy is curative.

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