TWO MILLION p YEARS \60 AMigaty Battle Fougut\n Wyoming N MONSTERS DOMINATED EARTH aui;ji;ilNi]iiit (irnv to tho llnurniutis t.on;; i 11 or.Mtioty-Mvc Foot, Walked llio r.nriU, Lived nml Die?! and ve ?'l? Bowon lor tlio EiiN-flil-. incut or Posterity ?Where tlaey nrv Found. Evidences of a mighty battle which took place 2.000.000 years ago have just been received at the American Museum Of Natural History In New York. It was fought between two of the might? iest animals that ever lived, one a her? bivorous dinosaur (terrible lizard) about 90 feet long and tall enough to wade across the Hudson river at Grant's tomb without Wotting his head, and the other a flesh-eating dinosaur, probably twenty-live or thirty feet long and weighing thirty or forty tons. The details of this battle are as clear? ly known as if it had happened yes? terday, and the body of the monstrous victim lies outstretched in Central park. For Dr. Wortman, who has . charge of the museum's Held work in paleontology, has read the story of the fight in the skeleton which he unearth? ed and brought to Now York, a part of a shipment of two whole carloads of huge bones. FIGHT TOOK PLACE IN WYOMING. The light took place in what Is now the State Of Wyoming, which was then the shore of it great inland sea which extended In a northly and southerly di? rection through the center of the Hulled States. Here among the tropi? cal grass and palms these huge and terrible animals lived and waded, and here those thai ate (lesh preyed upon those that nte vegetation, just as the lesser animals do to-day. When the huge d'nosaur, the skeleton of which Dr. Wortman has found, was killed, It sank down to the soft obse and there, as the sea receded, it slowly petrified and lay for 2,000,000 years. And there iL was unearthed and photographed. Ale/ng Its enormous toil bones Dr. Wortmah has U und deep ridges, show? ing where an enemy's claw struck down and stripped off the fle.-li. and some of the lower ycrtabre are entirely broken on-, giving some idea of the awful vio? lence of the attack. CREPT UP FROM BEHIND. The flesh-eating dinosaur, which was something the shape of nn enormous kangaroo, must have crept tip from be? hind and taken its prey by surprise, as a tiger falls on an ox. and by the fierceness of the onslaught overcame ah animal twice its sl'/.e. Inasmuch r-s there is no evidence of the bones hav? ing attempted to mend themselves, the attack must have caused the death of the herbivorous animal. . TEN TIMES THE SIZE OF A MAS? TODON. The dinosaur, brontosaur, morosaur, dlplodocus and others of '.he same or? der lived find dominated the earth dur? ing what are known as the Jurassic and the late Ttinsslc ages. Some of them were only as largo as our com* rnon rabbit; others reached the gre: very large, and it followed that If they were made By a bird it must have been gigantic. By a little stretch? ing of tho process whereby an anato? mist takea a single bone nnd builds up a skeleton from i'.. some scientists at? tempted from there footprints to sug? gest the whole external appearance of the 'bird' that made them. Perhaps the process dlel no harm in the long run. for it stimulated research for this; monster bird. This was about 1S35. For years the belief gained advocates. In 1S17 a few bones were found near upper Milford, Pa., which proved the pro-existence of some very large ani? mal. Later a great upper jaw with teeth, evidently from this same animal, was found In Prince Edward island, Canada. In Pennsylvania, New Jer? sey, Mexico anil in other places skele? tons, or parts of skeletons, were found, and RnaMy by tho old process of put tine twos and twos together it came to be recognized that at one time there must have lived a great reptile-like cre? ature which walked the earth, lived i ar.d died and gave up Its bones for the enlightenment of posterity. The bird tracks mentioned above had now been discussed for half n century, till one day when the feel of the great reptile were pieced out It was suddenly found that they .would fit the 'bird tracks' exact? ly. The connection destroyed an old theory, but It paid fc.r this with new Inferences. It strengthened tho clews for research and enabled geologists to proceed more certainly in quest of'the reptile bones which had been discov? ered. BAD LANDS THE BOTTOM OF A SEA. "Meantime !t. was found by this same process of generalizing evidence that North America once was divided by a sen \Vhioh reached troth the Gulf of M?sle;? t?,the Arctic o^eur.- Its east? ern shore lar along the line where the Missouri rlvor is now. Its western shore was as far west as ITtuh. It was salt and had tides and current the same as the Atlantic ocean. In later'ages the gradual elevation of the land caused the close of the northern and southern outlets of this sea. changing it into n lake, in which the water grudualiysgot, fresh, and pausing changes In the ani? mal forms on lt:i banks. During Mlo rgo!te times the hike reached from the bakotas to lower Texas. Its eastern iioro extended through South Dakota, nt-biaska. Kansas. Oklahoma and j|j:as. where the shore line made a g\al loop Just north again .through NJLv Mexico. Colorado. Wyoming and Soit.Ii Dakota. Cheyenne, Chadron, Shi? ne*. Obeiln, Kearney. Wichita and O?er western cities are now sltuat '1 on land which once was under water. Tfc white, the Platte, the North Pl?tte, thk Arkansas, the Canadian nnd other lesi significant rrvers now flow over the mlif',1 !?ed of this old-time sea. In latft ages it dried up on the south, and purl of its northern edge overflowed, gcttW finally Into North Dakota and tahiiit la more of Wyoming. Later still It ;!r!?jfl up entirely und Cue ground be .curne (elevated far above what it wa?. Out \dhlle it Insted >t ,dominated the character of animal life In lu-. vicinity, it washulte tropical, and during lower Miocene, timej Its banks fest, red many animals^ which now live around the equatOr.\ such as llamas, monkeys, tapirs, the rhinoceros, large peccaries nnd rodents. At another period Its banks harbored the short limbed rhino ceres, primitive mastodons, three-toed horses, small camels, wolves und saber toothed tigers. Us aquatic animals j were numerous, for Its benches were ? shallow a long way out. PBDVIS BONE SIZE OF FOUR BAR? RELS. "In the mass of fossils obtained from its shores were found the bones of many species of dinosaurs, the anlrr il whose bird-like footprints had been at- i trading attention in the east for half a century. Not only were these skele? ton found, but they wor.< found in such abundance ami variety that many In? ter-as ting facts could be conjectured concerning their appearance and hab? its. Among others, Professor O. C. Marsh, of Y:).le College. h;-s done much in restoring the eternal form of these animals. From a set of hones some? what incomplete, Professor Marsh niade a "restoration" of a complete skeleton, and a fierce looking animal it was. I am speaking now of the largest species. But formidable as It was, I am afraid Profeiurbr Marsh did not go far enough, lie did not make his ani? mal long enough.. A skeleton which we dug up in the summer was actually ir.ui h longer than Marsh's computation. Instead of seventy feet, as supposed, I find the animal really reached a length of probably ninety feet. Quite :i mon? ster! Well, look at the pelvis bone over there by the window. That Is not much more than half of It. yet it is larger than four barrels. Here is the femur, or thigh bone, broken Into three section. See if yon can lift one of them? Uettor still, 1 will have the v ho!e bone put together, and you can have some Idea of its size." He called lo his nslntants and they, with some straining, placed the three I sect lens of the femur together, stand? ing the hone on end. It was ns thick as the smokestack or a locomotive, nulte as bktck-nnd about six feet high. The prent knob on the end of the bone where It fitted Into the socket of the pelvis looked like the polished newel posi of a great Iron balustrade; HABITS OF THE GIGANTIC DINO SAU US. "There were numbers of species of these animals," continued Dr. Wort man. ' Some of tluni were herbivorous and manifestly they fed on the vege? table growth* of the seaside: others were carnivorous und without doubt preyed >n the herbivorous variety. Yet the vegetable feeders were vastly greater in size than their bloodthirsty relatives I will mention only n few Hpeelcs. for after i\!j. It Is the animal as a class that i? of popular interest. The bronlosaurun (we have one on ex? hibition here in the museum) was sixty two feet long, tin tni! alone was twen? ty-six feel long. Us I high hone live feet ten inches long. This thigh bone, by the way. alone weighs "'10 pounds. The animal when alive is estimated lo have we.'ghed it least fifty ions: that is, over one hundred thousand pounds. Probably It was ? stupid, slow-moving animal. Its small brain nnd slender spinal cord would seem to Indicate this, as Prof. Marsh has pointed out. Pro ba' i'.is. It win- Hill-nut offensive or defensive weapons. According to it-.? skeleton, It was n great losenge-shnped animal, ns far as its actual body went, with a long, snake-like head and tall very much alike, as far as their dimin? ishing shape was concerned. Wo know it was a soml-nouatic animal from the rnrtilagenous Indications of the ankle joints. An animal with such soft pads in its lower legs would need some sus? taining power like water to hold up the ton:; of weight in its body. Probably it stood for some time on land each day, but it must have had the water to re? tire to when necessary; otherwise the soft pad-like structures of its legs must soon have become ossified into very hard bone. "Resides this big reptile there are many varieties, among which I may mention the dryosaurus, which was ten or twelve feet long: the loa.saurus. which was eight feet long: the eump tosnurus, thirty feet long: the t'orpsau rus. which was about the seme length, but which was further distinguished by a skull measuring rive feet across; the trlceratops, which was twenty-five feet long and ten feet high, had scales over Its hc-^^^^3f*;v:?.*[>i a p i> r opr ati - ----"'ths of their pathetic souls Unit there was no such thing as Christmas and plum pudding, but mor.t of them have recovered and man and woman and child alike will be ready when I'hrlstmas comes again to do the same old thing onCc more that they have often done before. A GUILTY* CONSCIENCE. He shood oh he wharf at midnight. Looking Fad and solemn there, j Qazing out cm the lilvery moonlight, A statue of grim despair. Iiis head was two sizes too large, Said he: "It'll be my last." And then began to rip and charge As thought he of the past. He thought of his home and wife, A pain shot throught his head. His bosom heaved, ?. mighty strife. The fishes then were fed. I The man looked round, felt like a dwarf. And he thunk an awful I hunk, Then he stole softly from the wharf. It was a Christmas drunk. * ? ? Uncle Zeb came into the office an happy as a. child with a new toy, but lorkmg a trifle thin. ."Mornln' Mars William, mornln' to yo'. Thanku sah, i Mars William. I's rite smart, but 1's er little sere yll from de sickness I had in de country. 1 cOar l can'I seen m much spar rib. im' ebne, au' si- iges since fo de war at ole Mars John's, and I Jjist made er fool of my self e illn', hut-goily. Mars William, ('war surely sak as de "feet of it. Oar war sum conslashun in dc fa k. how&umebber, of km>w in' ?1st dar was liddora 'size me. I il.u, Mars William, mm foHts eats at Cr.sinus like dey eant seen nulfin since ilc Crlsmus bef?', and I's one i ?'?> 'em, too. and den dey gits sick anil dey won ; dt-rs is de nuttier an' de-y rolls an' i groans an' moans like dey mos dead, i de-y dus, an' I dus, loo. nut 1 dar, : Mais William, yo jist goes long like Crismus cunis ebbery day and spar ribs an" mince fie an' plum puddjn' ..a' turkey don't seem to excite yo in tier I lent'test, an' yo is lookin' Jist .1- we" dls mornln' as low it wernt Crlsmus week. 1 hopes yo sensed de ole trigger, Mars William, but I dar de Missus gib do ole man so much up dar at Mars Charlie Wlnhams, dat ho forgot dar was gwyne be eny..s?pper, an' i 'spects I cat like twas de last ppertunity 1 eb? ber 'sp.-eted ter hub. Mars William. I blecbs I wud er died but fer dat ticker Mars Charlie gim me. Dot vlved me, but I's been sore ebber since. Den egg-nog mite er had sumfln fer ter do' wid It. Gee,buck, want it good, Mars William? Arter yo gemmans drink much as yo want and went out huritln', Mis- Sarah axed me. She sed. VUhcle Zeb tioes yo tub egg-nog-7 ' Vas inarm, Missus. dm I tin.-, thanku, 1 s. <1 an' 1 In a community before we start. When we reach the precise spot Indicated by our information, we delve Into the rock where the fossil is not exposed by care? fully chipping away the- exterior until we come, upon the fossil itself. The rock in which the dinosaurs are embedded is found cracked in every direction, and we have great trouble in keeping the pieces Intact. After cutting fill around each section of the fossil, I', is a large one, or around tho w.hph fossil if It is a small one. wo oin/a It in plaster paris, which holds :;?! 1 gether en route to the leboi tory. "How deep did 1 find these b m Weil, I am often ,asked that queijl >n. I found these dinosnUrs about,- twi miles deep. But luckily for me, thff pro? cesses of nature in the Bad JjBande kept the rocky tomb of animals Wlthii reach. That is. the strata of -,he ,t rassls age ordinarily is abofit two miles below the present surface of thi earth, where tlie deposition prtfip? ?' the last 2.000,000 years have bo/en rcgu lar. But the conditions surrounding the region of the Bad Uands are such that the strata in which the fossil lay were gradually pushed up and up fn the pro? cess of mountain making.} Then as erosion took place, the strata lying above were worn away, levying these fossils at the surface. In sRjbrt, nature did our digging tor us." /?? theodoue/.watkus. dar I 't know how mach l did drink. \ I cam had no egg-nog f jr er long time, so I dulged quite freely. My head BWlmtned er little but I went out by tie ban: and laid down In d<> cool an* wen dinner time cum I w?s (eelhi* tolerble good Btit de egg-nog and de spa- rib ttrV de chine i>n' de pie an" de Jell} an' de fruit cake an' de Lord j kuvws what, didn't 'gree an' dp ol? nlg ! ger w as sure sie'< wen v'all cums'back ' fr. m huntln'. 1 prayed r swo.-t chari? ty's sake, besides liberally giving of their means t.> assist in the work of providing for the sick and afflicted. While all this is beautiful to think about and it does my heart good to chronicle, the facp while with un..'over e 1 head I l>.?w my approval, which no cioiibt is highly appreciated by all cpn , eerned and many who nre not concern - : cd, yet fhere was a. dudiaroua feature hi connection with the great social func? tion that was tru-ly amusing. Many tickets were sold to spectatoa-s who took advantage of the opportunity thus af? forded to get a view of sure-enough "society/- These people arrived early and took seats in the gallery, where they had a splendid view of the brilliant scene below. When the lady dancers appeared, gowned in their evening dresses, there was a. general opening of masticating appendages in the gal lei'} as in wonde-rment the lovel'ness of the occasion dawned upon then-. Among tli spectators was a couple, evidently from the country, and they could hard? ly have &xpre set more amazement had fairyland suddenly loomed up before ihem. >Vitr. wide open mouth the old i.azed for a few moments upon the mi shantung nceiie and then lie observed to his wife: "Martha Ann. eant It butlfui bat Martha Ann. thesi lodlet! must hi.' been In or hurry to git here, 'cause don't you see, rmist of 'em it no come before they finished dress? ing." BILL GOS5ETTE. A SHOCKING INCIDENT RECALL? ED. in reporting the death of :-n ex-Ken tuckylati hi Texas the G..-. ;r>w (Ky.) News recall8 an incident r.'hloh shock e.l the civilized n >rl I. That paper says: "Will Henry Vance, a son of Mr. Albert Vance, who lives a^ont eight miles northwest of Glasgow. uropp.-d dead in a saloon at ParlS, Texns, last Monday. Nance left hero in 1SS7 and went to Paris, Texas, where he conducted a l.otcl for several years and later on was tn the police force at Paris. Henry Art, Literature and Song. In a literary way the year 1S0S has not! been nc.ta.bSo for very much of enduring fame. "The Giddy," by" Mis* Voynteh, ?a< perhaps the chief publi? cation of the year. In the wn.y of Ac? tion George Gtosslng's novel. "The i W hirlpool," had a great vogue, but It Is even now forgotten. "The School i for Salntfs." by John Oliver Hobbcs. : (Miss Ot-aige) created much discussion, as did also Mrs. Huniphe'y Ward's "Helbeck of Uanhhidale." ZangwlH'ej "Dreams of the Ghetto" was a great! success with the thoughtful element. | Qeorge Moore perpetrated "Evelyn Jones." which still has r< aders among j people who live in the musical atmus-1 phere. The most notable novel of the; year In A?erlca w,ls "At You-AU't House." by Mr. Jones New'ton Basken.1 a. MlsBOurjfaji. Dr. Merita BUsch's book | on Bismarck was printed shortly after! Mismatch's death, and it had and is | having a great run. The same Is true) of Justin McCarthy's b< ok ab.hi: CJiadr I stone, brought down t > date Just after Gladstone'.-, demise. Mr. COlQUOhoun'sI Vork, "China in Transformation," is an I Important piece of literature, but Its Interest In political rather than lite- . rary. Tolstoi's "What Is Art'.'" cx-! cited much controversy during the lat? ter part of the eumnier, but Interest ; faded in it as it became known that! the book merely represented another phase of the crazy asceticism which j was 11 rut ph?wn in "The Kreutaer So- ? nata." Winston Churchill's "The i'e-i lebrity" was a notable h,.,.k of the year. '. Under the caption of literary events, ah >, we must record tho presentation and instantaneous success of Edmond Rostand's play "Cyrano de Bergerae." j which hats hern translated and is being played In numerous mangled versions j Iii this country at the present tune, it i is In order aiso, I suppose, to mention] the good werk for literature and the drama that was done In the early part1 of the year In New York by The Cri terion Theater in presenting the works j of Ibsen, Echegary and others, ? which, by reason of their living in the face of! the conventional, were not considered | possible by the very practical theatri? cal manager!.. In art the events of the' year, so far an this country Is con ec ,,. wen- the visits of Boldinl and1 Coruius Du ran to these shores. They' carried away much of our money and J that is all I hat most people know. These foreigners captured commissions ll?*4 might have gone to American ar ! ?-.f. rhehr vis! a. therefore, are Im? portant If they make the Americans try to be better artists, . . . ??Otvce O'Malley, told by Ruarl Mac I donnld, redshank and ie'-cl; the same set f->rth in the lohci ..' the English by Robert Macuray," as the title page has It, Is a \ cry entertaining recital of the deeds and lifo of too- Irish prin? cess and pirate" with plenty of ro? mance mixed in to tone down such a biood-and-thunder subject. There were others in the pot-bojllng mood: George Kissing, for instance, in the "Town Traveler," which, while it Is a readable book, enough, is disappoint? ing after "The Whirlpool." The hero Is a pretty jolly sort of a drummer with a penchant for meddling In other people's business-?all In a good-natured way. He gets Into several scrapes thereby but gets our of them with re morkable ease, more through luck and cleverness than because of just deserts. The characters tire all middle-class folk without any particular culture, and there Is no drawing upon the emo? tions. The sentiment of the story, ahd there is precious little. Is all on the surface. m * m "More Cargoes." by W. W. Jacobs, author of "Mary Cargoes." is a collec? tion of short stories, all of which smack of the sea and the seafarer, most of them in a humorous vein and none of them dull: the closing sketch in the volume. "Lost Ship." is a pathe? tic little story of the sad side pf the sailor's life with Us possibilities of heartbreak on shore and peril on water. "The Letter and the Spirit." by Cora Maynnrd. Is one of those ixjeks which makes the reviewer wish that authors who write cleverly would sometimes add less to lln de slecle literature lit their portrayals Of the condition mat? rimonial. There Is the usual man and woman who made the mistake In se? lecting life partners. They find the usual affin I ties?too late?and the usual cataclysm follows. From the s".me publishers comes an addition to Bescherana in the shape of a dainty green-nnd-gold volume of Au? tobiographical Reminiscences of Henry Ward Beecher, erilieit by his steno? grapher. T. .1 Ellin wood, and bearing a frontispiece portrait of the famous divine. ? ? * John Oliver Hobbrs' piny. "The Am? bassador." now out In book form, makes one feel, after her "School for Saints." as if her book-writing talents were on the order somewhat of a small boy's toy balloon, which makes a flight toward the empyrean and then floats slowly to earth again. "The Ambassa? dor" may have scored some success as a piny: as n. book it. is of the kind that one reads and straightway goeth his way and forgetteth what manner of book It Is. nwl probably the author thereof. I think that Mrs. Cralgle, af? ter her divorce nnd so.-.son of religious exaltation, during which she evolved "The School for Saints.*" wrote "The Ambassador" as a pot-boiler. It reads that way. Villi - wi owi ?11 over the United St&tec. il n' ? i years ngo he was connected ?.? ih the mob'a execution by l>umin>- .->: .11 ??i>t,-.> Henry Smith for assaulting a ?' murdering thr*s?year? old Myrtle Vance. The torture of Smith was of the racist cruel character. He was chained alive to a stake and a bowfire built around him. Iron rods were heated until they were fiery red, and then Vance pushed them Into vari? ous parts of his body, burning out his eyes, tongue and other organs. Smith confessed to -the crime charged against hnn, h's victim being Vance.s daugh? ter. Vance had been mentally allllcted ever since, and periodically resorted to extreme intoxication. Ho was Ja-that" condition Monday when he dropped dead." tS99. \ Hearty Greet A Happy New In a lev.- daysfrofn fc->w the yearly; Week taking will be In rot&tt}? and to IlRbwn that bur?ersnme s-irt/to? to ?0000 ?Stent, I will oflV-r from nefCTuwdav tnorolnsr all my BUinkets. B\<\ OcmferuTs ana all other IwHky goods *i a great reduction from the regular VAlJe. White and ?r*y Blankets at COc. a pair. Heavy Ocmforter:,! 4^c. 75e. und JLCO a pair. . ?'.-?. . { ladles' Outing Waist*, 10c. a ptec*1. LadP-a* All-wool Orey Flannel Wc'sfc? at C?c.. aid all other goods in proportion. Luhes' Cloth Capes , and Jackets will aho have to go at cat pjkes. I have stiU a few more Short and Lens RLUSH CAPES to offer you, the sale on which this sea? son has simply been jteoonaenal. ELIAS BALL 382 j?kSain Street. i 1864?. X ? i 1899. t ? ? x + 90 + Out of every ltO Ladles who have surchase??<> 0 Os>C* 1*^1 IT WELT | January If Clearance j! I Sale?e2i eintire: stock ? 'of FANCY S I to lie placed on sale at a price that will cause them to move I quickly. Think of it! Entire Stock ol" Fancy Silks that for ? merly sold nt $1.00, Si.2!>, Sl.^O and $1.75 a yard, placed on I centre counter, and your choice for 89c. yard. O O o ? c. yard. BifcOi?jo cloth;?. Seventeen Shades to select from, and many Fancy Suitings in the lot, none worth less ihan $1.00 yard, and your choice for 75c. yard. . *? BLANKETS 7 BLANKETS I v Think of it! A Tl-4 Blanket, weighing full six pounds, and worth all of $5-00. We cannot afford to carry / them over, and therefore von can buy them Monday at $3.19. See West Window. ' UR Some of the choicest Capes and Neck Pieces arrived hte and will go at following prices: S3.50 NECK PIECES, now $2.50 S4.50 " " " S2.98 $18 capes, now $12. $ 9.50 CAPES, now $6.50 S12.00 " " $9.25 I 11 H'GSi D?wn Quilts reduced to $4.48. $10 Down Quilts, silk covered front and satteei tw31B back; only one left, and the tirst customer can have it for $6.90. Coet3 T Coats Y Coats T Entire stock of Cloaks at half price. $10.00 Coats now $>.00; $12.00 Coats .00; ,>1>.00 Coats now $7. SO; $18.00 Coats now $9.00. * $ % JusL Received ! Our ?rst - t Shipment of I EMBROIDERIES % For the I Coming Season. g I See Our % rast Window. Don't fail to see the goods advertised, and at the same | I time you will have an opportunity to see the | I first SHOWING i ? of ? Just opened, . PI?TJES In Tnirty Different Styles, Ranging in Price Frc ni 12 1-2 to 50q. Yard. 21? IVSsin Street Under' Ac s*,c*^rr?^?f of