ATP3/YBR039W Summary Help

Standard Name ATP3
Systematic Name YBR039W
Feature Type ORF, Verified
Description Gamma subunit of the F1 sector of mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase; F1F0 ATP synthase is a large, evolutionarily conserved enzyme complex required for ATP synthesis (1 and see Summary Paragraph)
Name Description ATP synthase
Chromosomal Location
ChrII:315575 to 316510 | ORF Map | GBrowse
Gene Ontology Annotations All ATP3 GO evidence and references
  View Computational GO annotations for ATP3
Molecular Function
Manually curated
Biological Process
Manually curated
Cellular Component
Manually curated
Regulators 72 genes
Classical genetics
gain of function
reduction of function
Large-scale survey
53 total interaction(s) for 48 unique genes/features.
Physical Interactions
  • Affinity Capture-MS: 38
  • Affinity Capture-RNA: 2
  • Co-purification: 5
  • PCA: 3
  • Reconstituted Complex: 1

Genetic Interactions
  • Synthetic Growth Defect: 1
  • Synthetic Rescue: 3

Expression Summary
Length (a.a.) 311
Molecular Weight (Da) 34,350
Isoelectric Point (pI) 10.11
Phosphorylation PhosphoGRID | PhosphoPep Database
sequence information
ChrII:315575 to 316510 | ORF Map | GBrowse
Last Update Coordinates: 2004-07-16 | Sequence: 1997-01-28
Subfeature details
Most Recent Updates
Coordinates Sequence
CDS 1..936 315575..316510 2004-07-16 1997-01-28
Retrieve sequences
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
S288C vs. other species
S288C vs. other strains
Primary SGDIDS000000243

ATP3 encodes the gamma subunit of mitochondrial F1-ATP synthase complex (1). The F0-F1ATP synthase complex utilizes proton motive force for ATP hydrolysis/synthesis (2). The structure of this enzyme complex is highly conserved among diverse organisms and consists of two major components, soluble F1 and membrane-bound F0, each of which contains many subunits. F1 and F0 are connected, both functionally and physically, via two additional multi-subunit structures, the central stalk and the stator stalk. The gamma subunit is a component of the central stalk. The central stalk functions like a rotor shaft to transmit the movement of the F0 proton pump to the catalytic core of F1. Although the gamma subunit is not specifically required for F1 ATPase activity, it is essential for enzyme complex cooperativity (2 and 3 and references therein).

ATP3 is essential for ATP synthase function, but it is not essential for life in yeast. Deletion of ATP3, like deletions in many genes necessary for the function or maintenance of mitochondria, leads to a "petite" phenotype that is slow-growing and unable to survive on nonfermentable carbon sources (1).

General ATP synthase structure and function are reviewed in references 2 and 3. For a review that is specific to yeast, see reference 4.

Last updated: 2001-01-11 Contact SGD

References cited on this page View Complete Literature Guide for ATP3
1) Paul MF, et al.  (1994) Cloning of the yeast ATP3 gene coding for the gamma-subunit of F1 and characterization of atp3 mutants. J Biol Chem 269(42):26158-64
2) Boyer PD  (1997) The ATP synthase--a splendid molecular machine. Annu Rev Biochem 66:717-49
3) Nakamoto RK, et al.  (1999) Rotational coupling in the F0F1 ATP synthase. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 28():205-34
4) Devenish RJ, et al.  (2000) Insights into ATP synthase assembly and function through the molecular genetic manipulation of subunits of the yeast mitochondrial enzyme complex. Biochim Biophys Acta 1458(2-3):428-42