Sarma (Tibetan Buddhism)

In Tibetan Buddhism, the Sarma (Tibetan: གསར་མ, Wylie: gsar ma) or "New Translation" schools include the three newer (Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug) of the four main schools,[1] comprising the following traditions and their sub-branches with their roots in the 11th century:[citation needed]

The Nyingma, a name contemporary to the emergence of the above schools in the 11th century, is the sole (Tibetan: སྔ་འགྱུར།, Wylie: snga 'gyur) "Old Translation" school[1] and is often equated as originating with the widespread introduction of Buddhism to Tibet around the turn of the 8th century.[citation needed]