Sexology is the scientific study of human sexuality, including human sexual interests, behaviour, and function. Sexology may use tools from a variety of academic fields, including biology, psychology, education, sociology, anthropology, media studies, criminology, medicine, epidemiology, and neurology.

Sexologists study, research, and work within specialist areas in the field including sexual development over the lifespan (child, adolescent and ageing sexuality), sexual relationships, sexual behaviour and activity, sexual identity and orientation, and also with groups (cultures, people with disability, adolescents, sex in older age). The study of sexual function is also part of the broad umbrella term sexology, and may include, sexual dysfunctions like anorgasmia, erectile dysfunction, vaginismus, and sexual pain, among others.