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How does a touch screen?

How does a touch screen?

I imagine that here, almost everyone has used a touch screen, whether on the subway ticket sales terminals, GPS and of course smartphones.

There are several types of touch screen, each resting on different technologies, but I speak here as capacitive touch screens: those with a hard screen and no pen. Today they are most common on phones and they are those that allow multi-touch.

These screens hard plastic, glass or sapphire using a technology called "capacitive".
The operation based on the fact that the human body can store an electrostatic charge which is capable of changing the electric field applied on the touch screen. The display sees its electrical capacity (charge quantity) locally modified (attracted by the finger).

In practice, the touch screen is composed of a double conductive grid: a vertical and a horizontal. These grids are energized:

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