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Causes of postoperative deformities


The most common posttraumatic cervical deformity is kyphosis. Rotational deformity and coronal plane angulation may also occur.

The most common causes are:

  1. Missed injuries
  2. Poor understanding of injury pathomechanics
  3. Failure of stabilization construct
  4. Iatrogenic destabilization
  5. Inadequate follow up
  6. Lack of resources