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Dental Caries



A Cavity or dental caries develops when a tooth or part of the tooth gets infected with bacteria and breaks down.It develops a hole that can grow bigger and deeper as it progresses.

The 3 main factors involved in tooth decay are:
1)  Broken or fractured Teeth.
2)  Cosmetic Enhancement.
3)  Plaque or Bacteria

The combination of these 3 factors leads to formation of cavities. Inside mouth ,various bacteria are present. When you eat sticky or sugary foods, these bacteria change some of the sugars in foods to acids.Now the bacteria which are present in oral cavity join with these acids and form plaque.The plaque acids stick on the tooth substances and attack the outermost layer of the tooth called enamel. The acids then continue to attack the inside parts of the tooth. This is what leads to TOOTHACHE!!


Treatment of Cavities- Early Detection and Treatment:
When you gets a pain in the tooth or jaw or an ear ache , or throbbing in the mouth, it is generally due to a cavity. For immediate relief , a pain killer can be given after consulting with the dentist. Next a dental appointment must be fixed . The dentist will examine the tooth to check if there is a cavity.A radiograph may be needed to identify the cavity . Once the reason for pain is confirmed , treatment can be done. Restoration or Filling:- A radiograph shows the complete extent and location of the cavity .The dentist will fix tooth decay by removing the rotted part of the tooth with a drill and then filling the hole in the tooth with a special filling material . the material could be a resin or a combination depending on which tooth has the cavity . So the choice is between :

1) Glass Ionomer Filling Matierals
2) Composites
3) Silver Amalgam
4) Inlay




Tooth preparation


Tooth preparation is usually required before placing a dental restoration. This process involves cutting the tooth usually with a dental drill to make space for the planned restoration, remove any dental decay and structurally unsound tooth. If permanent restoration can not be carried out after tooth preparation, temporary restoration is done.

A tooth preparation is the finished product of a tooth's structure prior to restoration with a dental restorative material, such as gold, amalgam, composite, porcelain or any number of other materials.

There are two types of preparations.




Amalgam Fillings ( Silver Fillings )

Amalgam fillings are also named as silver fillings. They are prepared by amalgamating the silver, tin and copper alloy with mercury. Mercury makes %45-50 of the compound and acts as a bond between the metals resulting in a highly strong filling. Amalgam which is improved through the almost 150 years that is on the market has widely served and is still serving to maintain teeth in mouth.


Glass ionomer cement



Composite Fillings( Tooth coloured fillings)

They are esthetic restorations that are generally used in the front teeth. But for the past two or three decades the has been tremendous improvements in the chemistry and bonding properties of those fillings so that nowadays even at the back molar teeth we confidentely are placing composite fillings because of their high strenght capacity against occlusal forces.



Inlays and onlays are fabricated, casted restorations thar are indicated for very large tooth losses which otherwise need to be crowned. After removing the decay and shaping the cavity impressions are taken and sent to the laboratory for either gold, composite or porcelain inlays and onlays. After they arrive from laboratory they are bonded in place with special cements and techniques. They require special and precise techniques.