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How to Annotate - Close Reading


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While reading comprehension is necessary for doing well in school, in order to experience success in current and future schooling, students will be required to go beyond what they see on the surface and dig deeper into the text.

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How to Annotate - Close Reading

  1. 1. How To Annotate - Close Reading
  2. 2. Close Reading Is the process of slowing down and think about what we are reading.
  3. 3. Annotation Allows for greater focus and attention to detail. Keep reading to learn how to annotate when you are practicing the art of close reading.
  4. 4. 1. Comprehension of Key Ideas and Details
  5. 5. Unfamiliar Vocabulary
  6. 6. Circle Unfamiliar Vocabulary ▫ Use context clues to help determine the meaning of the unknown words. ▫ If necessary use a dictionary.
  7. 7. Main Ideas
  8. 8. Star Main Ideas ▫ Central themes ▫ Clues ▫ Details that back up the main idea
  9. 9. Confusing Parts
  10. 10. Mark Confusing parts ▫ Clarify unfamiliar details through: ▫ Re-reading ▫ Summarizing ▫ Discussion ▫ Research
  11. 11. Questions to Ask Who are the main characters? What is the setting? What is the main conflict?
  12. 12. 2. Cra t and Structure
  13. 13. Repeated Themes or Ideas
  14. 14. Bracket Repeated Themes or Ideas ▫ Think about: ▫ Genre of the works ▫ Use of language ▫ Lesson or morals
  15. 15. Character or Author’s Feelings
  16. 16. Note Character or Author’s Feelings ▫ For fiction, take note of how the author uses dialogue, descriptions, or things the character says or does to develop character. ▫ For non-fiction, pay attention to how the author talks about the subject to determine his or her feelings about the topic.
  17. 17. Narrator’s Point of View
  18. 18. Annotate the Narrator’s Point of View ▫ Determine how the point of view contributes to the story.
  19. 19. Questions to Ask Why do characters behave as they do? How do their actions advance the plot? How does the author’s word choice affect the story’s tone?
  20. 20. 3. Integrate your Knowledge
  21. 21. Connections
  22. 22. Highlight Connections ▫ Compare and contrast this work with: ▫ Other works you have read ▫ Information you already know ▫ Ways in which you can relate to the story
  23. 23. Deeper Meaning
  24. 24. Underline The Deeper Meaning ▫ Find the important: ▫ Images ▫ Symbols
  25. 25. Effective Writing
  26. 26. Identify Effective Writing ▫ Look for: ▫ Literary devices ▫ Figurative language ▫ Powerful sentences
  27. 27. Questions to Ask How has this work increased my knowledge of the subject or author? What is surprising about the story’s outcome? What did I appreciate about the author’s style?
  28. 28. “Make your annotation system your own - use colored pens, highlighters, or symbols to annotate the previous list of items.
  29. 29. Annotating This process will help you read more closely and allow you to dig deeper to find more significance in the texts you are reading.
  30. 30. Thanks! Ready to sign up for tutoring? Call Oxford Tutoring at (949) 681-0388. Or visit us online at
  31. 31. Credits Special thanks to all the people who made and released these awesome resources for free: ▫ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival ▫ Photographs by Unsplash