P71022+Yuccas are almost as useful as aloes are for gardening in chaparral or desert climates. I say ‘almost’ because most are not quite as friendly. The leaves are outfitted with nastily sharp tips. It is how they protect themselves from grazing animals in the wild, but it is not such an advantage in home gardens. Some actually have the potential to be dangerous where someone could bump into them. The leaves of Joshua tree can puncture leather. Some types of yucca get so big that they make it difficult to avoid their nasty leaves, even if planted in the background.

That being said, for those of us who do not need to worry about endangering children, dogs or anyone else out in our gardens, yuccas are very distinctive and handsome plants. Their striking foliage radiates outward from dense foliar rosettes. Large spikes of creamy white flowers that bloom in summer or autumn stand above the foliage quite boldly. Some yuccas produce remarkably tall floral spikes. Our Lord’s Candle, Yucca whipplei (Hesperoyucca whipplei), is a terrestrial yucca that sits low to the ground, but produces a huge flower stalk that stands ten feet tall! Modern garden varieties of Adam’s needle, Yucca filamentosa, are variegated.

Of the yuccas that develop sculptural trunks, only a few are available in nurseries. The giant yucca, Yucca elephantipes, is almost too common in mild climates, and unfortunately develops a massively distended trunk that is too big for some of the situations it gets into. Most other trunk forming yuccas that grow slower are uncommon because they are susceptible to rot in landscapes where they get watered through summer.

Except for a few tropical yuccas that are very rare, yuccas are very drought tolerant. Even in desert climates, some yuccas survive on annual rainfall. Others are happier if watered a few times through summer. Giant yucca happens to be a tropical yucca, but surprisingly does not need much water.

Giant yucca is very easy to propagate from cuttings of the big canes. Even big pieces can be cut and stuck as cuttings. However, most of the tree yuccas are difficult to propagate.

Terrestrial yuccas that do not develop trunks are generally easy to propagate by division of pups, although some are difficult to handle. Some terrestrial yuccas actually develop small trunks that creep along the ground, or maybe stand a few feet tall. They can be propagated as cuttings like giant yucca.



14 thoughts on “Yuccas

    1. Only the coastal Central American yuccas are tropical. Those from North America and the interior of Mexico are quite tolerant to cold weather. The big tropical giant yucca is the common one here. Joshua tree that is native to the Mojave desert takes cold. It just does not like water. The one in the picture is pretty tough, and grows in colder climates well.

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  1. I have 2 of them at the back of my house. Here we call them century plants, since older people used to think they only bloom that often. But mine are good sized now and bloom almost every year. Those points on the ends are nasty little things. It’s interesting to have such unusual plants, that sure don’t “belong” in south central Pa.

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    1. Century plants are actually agaves, specifically Agave americana. Most other agaves are smaller. They are definitely related to yuccas, but are actually bolder, and none of them develop trunks. They are very tough. The century plant has naturalized on the rocky edges of Alcatraz.

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      1. Yes, that sounds like a yucca. Agaves get much larger. The leaves are more than six feet tall, and the flower stalks get more than fifteen feet tall. They are spectacular, but they take up so much space, and no one wants to work with them or cut down the flower stalks after bloom. The thorns are NASTY! After they die, many pups come up all over the place, and they are very nasty to dig up! Well, anyway, you are probably fortunate that you have yuccas.

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    2. Do you happen to be near Altoona? One of the best arborists I ever worked for and learned from came from Altoona when he was young. I have never been there, but have been fascinated with the maples there, and deciduous magnolias.

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      1. Altoona is about 2 hours north west of me. We have just a couple magnolia trees around here, and some summers they don’t boom. Our winters here are really harsh, just about as bad as Altoona, which is farther north as well as at a higher elevation.

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