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Pre-History to 1500

What does Neolithic mean? New stone
What does Paleolithic mean? Old stone
What does Australopithecines mean? Southern ape
What was Australopithecines nickname? Lucy
Where did Australopithecines originate from? Africa
What does Nomadic mean? No home
What was the most important event in history? Agriculture (Neolithic Revolution)
What is civilization? Food Surplus, Advanced Cities, Advanced Technology, Skilled Workers, Complex Institutions(government, religion), And System of writing/ record keeping
What is the birthplace of civilization? Mesopotamia
Where is the birthplace of civilization located? Between Tigris and Euphrates
Where is modern day Mesopotamia located? Iraq
What is your race determined by? Climate
What is Irrigation? Moving water to crops
What roles did woman and men have? Men hunted, Women gathered
What is a Homo Sapien? modern humans
What did the Homo Sapiens Sapiens cross? the bearing strait
What did Mesopotamia have? Political and military orginizations
How long ago was Australopithecines? 3-4 Million years ago
When was the Neolithic Age? 8000-5000 BCE
When was Homo Sapiens Sapiens created? 30,000 BCE
Why are rivers where early civilizations start? River makes land nearby fertile with minerals.
When did Hammurabi reign? 1700s BCE
What was the code of Hammurabi? eye for eye, high class= less punishment
When did Ancient Egypt begin? 3100 BCE
What kind of writing did Ancient Egypt have? Hieroglyphics
Where did the Nile River flow? North
How long was the Nile River? 4,000 miles
What was the social structure for Ancient Egypt? A pyramid
When was the Rosetta Stone found? 1799
What was the Rosetta Stone? Has the same text in 3 translations: Hieroglyphics; demotic and Classical.
Where was Harappa? Ancient India
What river was in Harappa? The Indus River
What was the Aryans? European Nomads
What did the European Nomads do? Migrated there, brought caste system, controlled natives
What was the Caste System? Rigid social hierarchy
What does Hierarchy mean? Ranking System
What are the 3 levels of the Caste System? 1. Priests 2. Warriors 3. Workers
Who were considered outsiders of the Caste System? The untouchables
What did the untouchables do? Touch dead bodies/ waste
Should the Untouchables be touched or spoken to? No
What were the Untouchables considered? Sub-Human
Where is Mesoamerica? Mexico and Central America
Where is Olmec located? Mexico ( Old Mexico) 1200 BCE
Where was Maya located? Mexico 300-900 CE
Where was Aztec located? Mexico 1100s CE
Where was Inca located? Peru 1400s CE
Why was Mesoamerica started later? Inhabited later, bad geography(mountains/deserts)
What was the Silk Roads used for? Trade routes for India's empires.
What are Camels? "desert ships"
Where did the Camel Caravans travel? China to India, Africa and Europe
What did the Camel Caravans carry? Luxury items such as silk jewlery
What did the Camel Caravan exchange? Religion and Culture
What are the Chinese Dynasties? Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic, Mao Zedong, De!
What was the first Chinese Dynasty? Shang Dynasty
What is Oracle Bones? questions carved about the future
What is the Mandate of Heaven? can keep ruling if fair
What did the Great wall of China do? keep out nomads
What can be seen from space? The Great Wall of China
What did Homer write? Odyssey and the Iliad
What was the source of the western culture? Athens
What was considered Western Civilization? Western Europe and US
Sparta was all about what? War
What age were men required to stay in the military for? 60
Sparta had what kind of ruling system? Oligarchy
Oligarchy means what? ruled by few
The Athens were all about what? Democracy
What does Direct Democracy mean? All vote
What war did the Athens lose to Sparta in? Peloponnesian War
Alexander The Great conquered what area by 20? The Mediterranean
What age did Alexander The Great start? The Hellenistic Age
What does rational thought mean? Explaining nature without saying the gods did it
What was the Socratic Method? Suicide instead of trial for corrupting youth
What does the acronym SPAA mean? Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Alexander The Great
What is a Martyr? Someone who dies for a cause
What was the Romans system of law? Ruled by kings, then Republic
What are Patricians? Upper Class- land owners
What are Plebeians? Lower class- poor, peasants
What is the Senate? They make laws (Patricians)
What is the 12 tables? first set of Roman Laws
What are examples of the Roman Laws? Innocent until proven guilty, right to defend self in court
When was Jesus born? 1 CE
When did Jesus die? 33CE
Where is Mali located? West Africa
Where is the capital of Mali? Timbuktu
What did Mansa Musa do? doubled the size of Mali
Where did Mansa Musa go? Mecca
What did Mansa Musa bring with him to Mecca? Tons of gold
Who had the largest land empire? The Mongols
What were the Mongols best with? guns and horses
The Golden Horde conquered which country? Russia
What were some important Mongols? Genghis Khan, Ogedi Khan, Kublal Khan,
What did Genghis Khan do? started and spread empire
What did Ogedi Khan do? Died in Poland
What did Kublal Khan do? Took China and called it Yuan Dynasty
The Japanese Cultures was what instead of one big country? small tribes
What is Bushido? Samurai code
What did the Aristocrats hire? The Samurai
What agriculture aspect did Japan have? rice
What were the motives of the Crusaders? Muslim invasion, Knights get penance for the kill count
What text did the Crusaders bring back with them? Plato
What does Great Schism mean? to split
What differences in the two churches( The Holy Roman Church and Eastern Church) led them to split? Only Orthodox priests could marry , Orthodox Bibles not latin
Crusades bringing text led to what? Renaissance
What did the Crusaders bring with them? Science, Technological advances, mathematical advancement, banking
What did the pope and the Patriarch of Constantinople do? excommunicated each other, caused riot, exists today
What were the causes of the Black Plague? Transmitted from the middle east by traders
What is another name for the Black Plague? Bubonic Plague
How many people did the Black Plague kill? More than 1/2 of Europe's population
Who brought the Black plague with them? The Mongols
What road did the Mongols bring the Black Plague on? The silk roads
What was the Black Plague transmitted by? rodents, fleas, bacteria, Human to Human
What did loss of faith in Church to protect people do? decline in church power, mass burials, vampire rumors, medical advancements
what did the Muslims preserve? Greek and Muslims texts
Why did the Pope Urban II send knights on holy crusade to Middle East? to reclaim the Holy Lands
What did the Pope outlaw? praying to icons(pictures)
Where did the Muslims invade? Christian Territory
What did the Knights get from dying on crusade? Penance
When did the Holy Roman church and the Eastern church split? before 1054