Spasmodic dysphonia is a neurologic condition that affects the function of the vocal cords. It can be broadly divided into two types: adductor dysphonia and abductor dysphonia. The most common type is adductor spasmodic dysphonia, which presents as a “strangulated” quality to the voice. Abductor dysphonia, on the other hand, results in a “breathy” vocal quality. The exact reason why this happens is unknown. The symptoms tend to worsen when patients are anxious or stressed. There is no permanent cure for this problem. Treatment is usually directed towards minimizing the symptoms.

Botox®, a medicine that weakens muscle, is the primary treatment; it is injected via the neck into the muscles of the voicebox to minimize the change in vocal quality.

The effect varies by patient and usually lasts anywhere from two to four months. Repeat injections are required to maintain the effect.
