FAQs_Gold Global Contract

FAQs :

♦ What is GOLDGLOBAL contract ? 

 It’s a new contract launched by MCX, which is simple multiplication of international gold prices into INR.

♦ How it is different from regular Gold (1 kg) contract? 

 No delivery, No Custom duty, lower lot size (200 grams), settlement process are main difference between Gold and Gold Global contract.

♦ How it is useful? 

 For arbitrage between Gold and Gold Global, Gold and Gold mini etc..

For hedging of Import and export.

For traders, it will be low cost.

Spread between different contracts of MCX Gold e.g. Regular and global, Mini and global, guinea and global, petal and global.

♦ Is there any margin benefits for Gold Global? 

 Yes. The spread margin benefits of upto 75 % is applicable for gold and goldglobal.

♦ Why arbitragers should participate in goldglobal? 

 They will be able to save upto 250% of margin. Because margin of international and currency hedge will not be required and mcx margin will also be half.

♦ What is the broker’s benefits from goldglobal? 

 They can get NEW set of clients those who are doing arbitrage /BADLA business, those who are financial investors and do not want delivery, they can also motivate GOLD MINI clients for Goldglobal (it will double the brokerage).

♦ What is the benefits for Clients? 

 They will get opportunity to trade in international prices into INR.

Spread opportunity.

Lower cost.

No delivery.

No roll over tension.

No need to track custom duty.

No need for separate Rupee hedge.

Gold (1 kg) clients can trade at 5 different prices taking benefits of average.

♦ What is GOLDGLOBAL formula for conversion? 

 Goldglobal = {Gold international prices in dollar *(995/999) *0.321507425 *INR.

♦ What is GOLDGLOBAL expiry date?  

 It’s similar to currency futures expiry date but every alternate month in line with regular Gold (1 kg) contract.

♦ How the DDR will be calculated on expiry? 

 It will be international gold prices multiply by RBI reference rate on that day.


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♦ What is a commodity?


♦ What is a Derivative contract & what is Commodity future?

 A derivative contract is an enforceable agreement whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset; the underlying asset can be a commodity, precious metal, currency, bond, stock, or, indices of commodities, stocks etc. Four most common examples of derivative instruments are forwards, futures, options and swaps/spreads.Commodity future is a contract to buy or sell specific commodity, of a specific quality, at a specific price, for a specific future date on the exchange.

♦ What is a forward contract?

 A forward contract is a legally enforceable agreement for delivery of goods or the underlying asset on a specific date in future at a price agreed on the date of contract. Under Forward Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1952, all the contracts for delivery of goods, which are settled by payment of money difference or where delivery and payment is made after a period of 11 days, are forward contracts.

♦ What is a futures contract?


♦ How are futures prices determined?

 Futures prices evolve from the interaction of bids and offers emanating from all over the country which converge in the trading floor or the trading engine. The bid and offer prices are based on the expectations of prices on the maturity date.

♦ What is long position?

 In simple terms, long position is a net bought position and its opposite term is Short position.

♦ What is the difference between spot market and futures market?

 In a spot market, commodities are physically bought or sold usually on a negotiable basis resulting in delivery. While in the futures markets, commodities can be bought or sold irrespective of the physical possession of the underlying commodity. The futures market trades in standardized contractual agreements of the underlying asset with specific quality, quantity, and mode of delivery whose settlement is guaranteed by regulated commodity exchanges.

♦ What is a Commodity Exchange?

 As in capital markets, a commodity exchange is an association or a company or any other body corporate that is organizing futures trading in commodities and is registered with FMC (Forward Market Commission). Two major national level commodities exchanges are Multi Commodities Exchange of India (MCX), National Commodities and Derivatives Exchange of India (NCDEX).

♦ Who regulates the commodity exchanges in India?

 Commodity Market in India is regulated by Forward Market Commission (FMC) under the guidance of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, & Public Distribution.

♦ What are the benefits of futures trading in commodities?

 The biggest advantage of trading in commodity futures is price risk management and price discovery. Farmers can protect themselves against undesirable price movements and decide upon cropping pattern. The merchandisers avoid price risk. Processors keep control on raw material cost and decreasing inventory values. International traders also can lock in their prices.

♦ What is hedging?


♦ What is arbitrage in commodity markets?



 Commodities have predefined lot sizes (set by the respective exchanges as per existing regulation) where current price of a particular commodity, for selected expiry, is shown in contract information available & rate units differ for different commodities. The standard unit based on which the price of the contract is quoted for trading is called quotation or base value. E.g. for gold contract, the quotation or base value is 10 grams while it is 1 kg in case of silver on MCX.


 It is the quantity of a commodity specified in the contract as tradable units. The lot size is different for each commodity. The details About lot sizes / delivery lot can be obtained from the respective exchanges’ website. Each contract has a lot size and a delivery size, which are not the same; in the case of gold, the lot size on the NCDEX is 100 gm while the delivery size is 1000 gm. If a person wants to enter into a delivery settlement for gold, he will have to enter into a minimum of 10 contracts or multiples thereof. Market participants are required to negotiate only the quantity and price of the contract, as all other parameters are predetermined by the exchange.

♦ What is the meaning of Basis?

 Basis is the difference between the spot price of an asset and the futures price of the same asset underlying. The spot price is the ready price prevailing in the physical commodity market while the futures price is the price of any specific contract that is prevailing in the exchanges where it is traded.

♦ What is meant by basis risk?

 Generally, the spot price of a commodity and future price of the same underlying commodity do not change by the same amount during the life of the futures contract. This uncertainty in the variation of basis is known as basis risk.

♦ What is initial margin?

 It is the minimum percentage of the contract value required to be deposited by the members/clients to the exchange before initiating any new buy or sell position. This must be maintained throughout the time their position is open and is returnable at delivery, exercise, expiry or closing out.

♦ What do you mean by delivery period margin?

 It is the extra margin imposed by the exchange on the contracts when it enters the concluding phase i.e. it starts with tender period and goes up to delivery/settlement of trade. This amount is applicable on both the outstanding buy and sell positions.

♦ What is Mark-to-market (MTM)?

 Mark-to-market margins (MTM or M2M) are payable based on closing prices at the end of each trading day. These margins will be paid by the buyer if the price declines and by the seller if the price rises. This margin is worked out on difference between the closing/clearing rate and the rate of the contract (if it is entered into on that day) or the previous day’s clearing rate. The Exchange collects these margins from buyers if the prices decline and pays to the sellers and vice versa.

♦ What is due date rate?

 It is the rate at which the contract is settled on the expiry date. Usually it is the average of the spot prices of the last few trading days (as specified by the exchange) before the contract maturity.

♦ What is Cash Settlement?

 It is a process of settling a futures contract by payment of money difference rather than by delivering the physical commodity or instrument representing such physical commodity (like, warehouse receipt). In India, most of the future trades are cash settled.

♦ What is meant by calendar spread?

 A calendar spread means taking opposite positions in futures contract of the same commodity with different expiry dates. It is also known as an intra-commodity spread.

♦ Are there any circuit breakers in commodities like in equity markets?

 Yes, like equity markets, commodity market has circuit breakers. Exchanges have circuit filters in place. The filters vary from commodity to commodity but the maximum individual commodity circuit filter is 6 per cent. The price of any commodity that fluctuates either way beyond its set price limit will fall in circuit breaker category.

♦ What kinds of risks do participants face in derivatives markets?

 A.Credit risk:Credit risk on account of default by counter party: This is very low or almost zeros because the Exchange takes on the responsibility for the performance of contracts

B.Market risk:Market risk is the risk of loss on account of adverse movement of price.

C.Liquidity risk:Liquidity risks is the risk that unwinding of transactions may be difficult, if the market is illiquid

D.Legal risk:Legal risk is that legal objections might be raised; regulatory framework might disallow some activities.

E.Operational:Operational risk is the risk arising out of some operational difficulties, like, failure of electricity, due to which it becomes difficult to operate in the market.


 A settlement takes place either through squaring off your position or by cash settlement or physical delivery. Squaring off is taking a opposite position to the initial stance, which means in the case of an original buy contract an investor would have to take a sell contract.
An investor who intends to give or take delivery would have to inform his broker of the same prior to the start of delivery period. In case of delivery, a warehouse receipt is provided. Delivery is at the option of the seller; a buyer can take delivery only in case of a willing seller. All unmatched/rejected/excess positions are cash settled; all open positions for which no delivery information is submitted are also cash settled. Under cash settlement, the difference between the contract price and settlement price is to be paid or received.  In online commodity trading, client can not go for delivery & all positions are cash settled.

♦ What are the costs involved in trading of commodities?

 While trading in commodities, with any registered broker, client has to pay certain charges (apart from margin requirements for trading) which are as follows:

  1. Brokerage
  2. Service  Tax
  3. Exchange Transaction Charges
  4. Educational Cess


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♦  What is Currency Derivatives?

 Currency Derivatives are Future and Options contracts which you can buy or sell specific quantity of a particular currency pair at a future date. It is similar to the Stock Futures and Options but the underlying happens to be currency pair (i.e. USDINR, EURINR, JPYINR OR GBPINR) instead of Stocks. A future contract of USDINR of expiry 27th Jan, 2015 will be represented by symbol ‘FUTCUR-USDINR-27JAN2015’. A call option contract of USDINR of expiry 27th Jan, 2015 for Strike Price ‘63’ will be represented by symbol ‘OPTCUR-USDINR-27JAN2015-63-CE’.

♦ What are the benefits of trading in Currency Derivatives?

 Currency Derivatives are very efficient risk management instruments and you can derive the below benefits:

  1. Hedging: You can protect your foreign exchange exposure in business and hedge potential losses by taking appropriate positions in the same. For e.g. If you are an importer, and have USD payments to make at a future date, you can hedge your foreign exchange exposure by buying USD INR and fixing your pay out rate today. You would hedge if you were of the view that USD INR was going to depreciate. Similarly it would give hedging opportunities to Exporters to hedge their future receivables, Borrowers to hedge foreign currency (FCY) loans for interest and principal payments, Resident Indians, who can hedge their offshore investments.
  2. Speculation: You can speculate on the short term movement of the markets by using Currency Futures. For e.g. If you expect oil prices to rise and impact India’s import bill, you would buy USD INR in expectation that the INR would depreciate. Alternatively if you believed that strong exports from the IT sector, combined with strong FII flows will translate to INR appreciation you would sell USD INR.

    3.  Arbitrage: You can make profits by taking advantage of the exchange rates of the currency in different                         markets and different exchanges.

    4.   Leverage: You can trade in the currency derivatives by just paying a % value called the margin amount                         instead of the full traded value.

    ♦  What categories of Currency Derivatives contracts are offered for trading through Beeline                       Broking Ltd.

 Future and Option contracts in Currency derivatives have been introduced in India. Trading in Currency derivatives through Beeline Broking Ltd. is presently offered in both Future and Option contracts in NSE and BSE.

     ♦ What are Currency Futures Contracts?

 Currency Futures contracts are legally binding agreement to buy or sell a financial instrument sometime in future at an agreed price. Currency Future contracts are standardized in terms of lots and delivery time. The only variable is the price, which is discovered by the market. Currency Futures contracts have different expiry validity and will expire after the completion of the specified tenure.

     ♦ Who is eligible to trade in Currency Derivatives?


      ♦ What is the date of expiry?

 All Currency contracts expire two working days prior to the last business day of the expiry month at 12 noon.

      ♦ What are the trade timings of Currency trading?

 Currency Derivatives the trade timings in  exchanges are as follows: Trading Session- Monday to Friday- 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

      ♦  Can Currency futures help small traders?

 Yes. The minimum size of the USD INR futures contract is USD 1,000. Similarly EUR INR future contract is EURO 1000, GBP INR future contract is GBP 1000 and JPY INR future contract is YEN 1,00,000. These are well within the reach of most small traders. All transactions on the Exchange are anonymous and are executed on a price time priority ensuring that the best price is available to all categories of market participants irrespective of their size. As the profits or losses in the futures market are also paid / collected on a daily basis, the scope of accumulation of losses for participants gets limited.

      ♦  How is Currency Price determined?


      ♦  How are the margin charged in currency Future and Option Contracts?

 Generally, Currency futures and options contracts require a margin percentage of the contract value, i.e. defined by exchange. The exchange also requires the daily profits and losses to be paid in/out on open positions (Mark to Market or MTM) so that the buyers and sellers do not carry a risk for not more than one day.

      ♦  Can I use same margin to trade in both Equity and Currency segment?

 Yes, same margin can be used to trade in both Equity and Currency segment.

       ♦  Will I have single login id to access both equity and Currency trading account?

 Yes, you can trade in Equity, F&O, Commodity and Currency segment by logging in to our single integrated trading platform – or can login to our trading website with same login id and password.

       ♦  I am an existing equity customer; do I need to open a separate trading account for currency?

 No, you don’t need to open a separate trading account for currency trading. You have to place a request to enable currency trading permissions along with submission of required documents. You can visit the nearest branch; can contact your relationship manager or call at Client Helpline Number: …..

        ♦  What are the risk involved in currency trading

 Risks in currency futures pertain to movements in the currency exchange rate. There is no rule of thumb to determine whether a currency rate will rise or fall or remain unchanged. A judgment on this will depend on the knowledge and understanding of the variables that affect currency rates.

        ♦  If I am an individual with no exposure to foreign exchange risks, does a currency futures                         exchange mean anything to me?

 Yes, it does, if you want to invest purely as an investor. You can benefit from exchange rate fluctuations just as you can benefit by investing in equities in the stock market. However, as in the stock markets, you also stand to lose money if the price movements are not in keeping with what you had anticipated. Participating in a currency futures exchange is risky, just as the stock market is. You should therefore be knowledgeable about the currency market if you want to participate as an investor.

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FAQs_Authorised Person (A.P)

♦ Who is an Authorised Person?

logo : Any person who is appointed as such by a trading member and who provides access to trading platform of a stock exchange as an agent of the stock broker is an Authorised person.

♦ Who can be appointed as an Authorised Person?

logo The following persons meeting the requisite eligibility criteria as prescribed by SEBI / Stock Exchange shall be appointed as an Authorised Person:

  • An individual who is a resident of India
  • A Partnership Firm registered under Indian Partnership Act, 1932
  • A Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) registered under the Indian Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008
  • A Body Corporate registered under the Indian Companies Act, 1956.
  • A Co-operative Society as defined under the Co operative Societies Act, 1912
  • Multi State Co-operative Societies Act 2002

♦ Can an HUF be appointed as an Authorised Person?

logo No, an HUF cannot be appointed as an Authorised Person.

♦ Can a partner or director of a registered Authorised Person be appointed as an Authorised Person?

logo No, a partner or director of a registered authorised person cannot be appointed as an authorised person in any capacity on the same stock exchange.

♦ Is there any Eligibility Criteria for appointment as authorize person ?

logo Eligibility criteria

1.  Individual :

  • Is a citizen of India
  • Is not less than 18 years of age
  • Has not been convicted of any offence involving fraud or dishonesty
  • If he has been suspended or barred by any Stock or Commodity Exchange for a period of more than six continuous calendar months, a period of three years must elapse from the date of completion of the period of the period of suspension before he is considered for a reappointment as an Authorised Person.
  • Has a good reputation and character
  • Has passed at least 10th standard or equivalent examination from an institution recognized by the Central Government / State Government

2. A partnership Firm, LLP or a body corporate

  • If all the partners or directors , as the case may be, comply with the requirements contained in clause 27.1 above
  • The object clause of the partnership deed or of the Memorandum of Association contains a clause permitting the person to deal in commodities derivatives contracts.

3. A co-operative society

  • If all the Members / Directors by whatever name called of the Managing committee / Governing Body Comply with the requirements contained in clause 20.1 above. However , in respect of caluse at 27.1 above the Exchanges may at their discretion relax the criteria of educational qualifications.
  • If the object clause of the Memorandum of Association of the Co-operative society contains a clause permitting the person to deal in commodities derivatives contracts.

4.  Infrastructure

  • The Authorized Person must have necessary infrastructure , viz. adequate office space, equipment , manpower and such other infrastructural facilities, which the Exchange may prescribe from time to time, to effectively discharge the activities on behlf of the Member.


♦ Is certification and third party reference letters mandatory for Appointment of Authorised Person?

logo No, NISM certification and third party reference letters are not required for Appointment of Authorised Person.

♦ Can a registered Authorised Person share brokerage with the stock broker?

logo Yes, Authorised Person can receive remuneration ‐ fees, charges, commission, salary, etc. for his services only from the stock broker and shall not charge any amount from the clients.

♦ Is it necessary to submit ROF certificate for registration of Partnership firm as Authorised person?

logo Yes, Registration of Firm (ROF) Certificate also needs to be submitted along with the Partnership deed for registering the partnership firm as Authorised Person.

♦ Whether tripartite agreement needs to be entered in case of an Authorised Person?

logo No, in case of an Authorised Person, as stipulated by SEBI, an agreement has to be entered between stock broker and the Authorised Person in the format prescribed by the Exchange vide circular no. 705 (download ref. no. 13601) dated December 3, 2009. There is no requirement of a tripartite agreement in case of Authorised Person.

♦ In case stock broker wishes to enter into a tripartite agreement in addition to the agreement between stock broker and authorised person, can they do so?

logo Yes, a stock broker may enter into any additional agreement with Authorised Person provided the clauses of such agreements are not in contravention of SEBI/Stock Exchange stipulations. However, whilst applying for appointment of Authorised Person, the uploaded agreement should be strictly as per the format prescribed by the Exchange.

♦ Whether an inperson verification of clients can be carried out by Authorised Persons?

logo No, as per SEBI stipulations, in-person verification of clients can only be carried out by employees of the stock broker, hence an Authorised Person who is not an employee of the stock broker cannot carry out in-person verification and same rule is even applicable to a sub‐broker.

♦ Can an Authorised Person become a subbroker and can a subbroker apply for Authorised Person on Capital Market segment at the same time?

logo No, a choice has to be made between becoming an Authorised Person or sub‐broker as having both concurrently for the same segment is not permitted.

♦  Can an Authorized Person be affiliated with more than one Trading member (TM)?

logo  No, an Authorized person has to be affiliated with only one Trading Member for all / specific segments. A person shall not be appointed as authorized person by more than one stock broker on the same stock exchange. However, the AP can be affiliated with another Trading Member only if the existing affiliated TM is not registered for trading in all/specific segments.

For eg; An applicant wants to apply for CM, FAO and CD segment with TM ‘Beeline Broking Ltd’. However, Beeline Broking  Ltd is registered on the Exchange only in CM and FAO segment.

  1. Apply only for CM & FAO segments with Beeline Broking  Ltd and
  2. For CD segment, the applicant can be affiliated with a TM who is exclusively registered only in CD segment.                                                                                  OR
  3. The applicant has a choice to be affiliated with a TM who is registered on all 3 segments

♦ Whether change in affiliation of Authorised Person from one stock broker to another stock broker of the exchange permissible?

logo No, Authorised person can apply for Cancellation with the current trading member and can apply for registration with new trading member at the same time so that business continuity is not affected.

♦ Whether Authorised Person will have similar obligations and liabilities, which Subbroker has? 

logo Yes, the obligations and liabilities of an Authorised Person are similar to that of a Sub‐broker. The Authorised Person shall only be approved by the stock exchange and there is no requirement to seek registration from SEBI. Further in all representations to investors at large, name of the affiliated stock broker along with its registration number should be clearly displayed.

♦ In case a person is a SEBI registered subbroker on Capital Market Segment and is also an Authorised Person of Futures & Options and Currency Derivative Segments of the Exchange, whether two notice boards have to be displayed at the office of such person, i.e., one as a subbroker office and another one as a branch office of the stock broker?

logo No, a single notice board can be displayed mentioning the details of stock broker, sub‐broker and Authorised Person.

♦ Whether Arbitration mechanism of the Exchange will be available for resolving the disputes between the stock broker and Authorized Person?

logo Yes, arbitration mechanism of the stock exchange will be available for resolving the client disputes against the Authorised Person and the stock broker wherein the Authorised Person can be made a party to it. The stock exchange arbitration mechanism will be available in case of any dispute between the stock broker and the Authorised Person.

♦ In case of an individual seeking appointment of Authorised Person and who would be operating from the office of stock broker (with or without terminal), whether such applicant Authorised Person can mention the stock broker’s office address as his office address in the application form.

logo Yes, if the Authorised Person would be operating from the office of stock broker, the address of the stock broker can be mentioned in the application form seeking appointment of Authorised Person & also necessary undertaking/NOC from the stock broker should be provided along with the address proof of stock broker.

♦ Can the Trading Member apply for cancellation of an Authorised person who is not traceable?

logo Yes, the trading member can apply for cancellation on ENIT only after completion of one month from the date of serving the termination notice to the Authorised Person. The copy of termination notice mentioning all the details of AP along with POD (Proof of Delivery mentioning the name of AP/TM and date) should be uploaded with the application.

♦ It is necessary to submit a copy of Public notification in case of Cancellation of Authorised Person?

logo No, however, a copy of Public Notification is required to be submitted only if any disciplinary action has been initiated against the Authorised Person.

♦ Whether it is possible for a sub-broker to convert as an Authorised Person on Capital Market segment without losing the continuity of business? If yes, whether the KYCs should be entered afresh?

logo The sub-broker on the Capital Market segment can apply for appointment as Authorised Person alongwith the application for cancellation of sub-broker. The stock exchange shall de-recognise the entity as sub-broker and approve the appointment of the entity as Authorised Person so that the business continuity is not affected. The KYCs need not be entered afresh in such cases.

♦ Can an Authorised Person operate terminal on behalf of the stock broker for executing broker’s proprietary trades?

logo Authorised Person can operate terminal on behalf of the stock broker. However, in respect of stock broker’s proprietary trading there are restrictions that it can take place only from locations that have been declared so to the stock exchange. It is necessary for a Director level person to be located at the place where proprietary trades are permitted.

♦ Can a stock broker recover losses from Authorised Person arising out of client’s (introduced by Authorized Person) trades?

logo As per Exchange requirement every client has to be individually registered with stock broker and all funds and securities settlement have to take place between stock broker and the investor. Recovery issues if any between stock broker and Authorised Person would depend on the arrangements that they have entered into.

♦ Whether Arbitration mechanism of the Exchanges will be available for resolving the disputes between the stock broker and Authorized Person?

logo Arbitration mechanism of the stock exchange will be available for resolving the client disputes against the Authorised Person and the stock broker wherein the Authorised Person can be made party to it. The stock exchange arbitration mechanism will be available in case of any dispute between the stock broker and the Authorised Person.

♦ Can an Authorized Person open multiple offices?

logo Yes, an Authorised Person can have multiple offices.

♦ Whether the agreement to be entered between stock broker and Authorised Person should be in the same format prescribed by the stock exchange or it can be modified to provide for more terms and conditions?

logo The agreement between the stock broker and Authorised Person should be strictly as per the format prescribed by the stock exchange. In case stock broker wishes to stipulate additional terms and conditions, stock broker may include additional clauses clearly stating that these clauses are mutually agreed to between stock broker and Authorised Person taking care to ensure that such clauses are not in contravention with compliance requirements stipulated by Exchange/SEBI.

♦ Whether the sub-broker registration process will still continue? What will be the status of existing registered Sub-brokers and Authorised Persons? Will they have to re-register in new process?

logo The existing registration process of sub-brokers will continue and the existing Sub-brokers and Authorised Persons can continue operating without getting registered again as per the new process.

♦ Should be signature match with the PAN ?

logo Yes. In case of signature mismatch with the PAN than Bank verification is necessary.



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