Appendix:English pronunciation

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The following tables show the IPA and enPR/AHD symbols which are used to represent the various sounds of the English language. The sounds of Received Pronunciation (RP, UK), General American pronunciation (GenAm, US), Australian English (AuE) and New Zealand English (NZE) are shown.


An image of an old version of these tables is available.


This vowel table lists both monophthongs and diphthongs.

IPA enPR / AHD examples
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg RP Flag of the United States.svg GenAm Flag of Canada.svg CanE Flag of Australia.svg AuE Flag of New Zealand.svg NZE
ɑː ɑ ɒ ɐː ä father, palm
æɹ ɛɹ ăr carry
æɪ æe ā day, pain
ɑː ɑɹ ɐː är arm, bard
ɛə / ɛː(ɹ) ɛɹ âr hair, there[3]
మూస:IPAchar2 e ĕ bed[4]
ɛɹ ĕr merry
మూస:IPAchar2 ē ease, see
మూస:IPAchar2 ɘ ĭ sit, city, bit
ɪ i city, very, ready
మూస:IPAchar2 roses
ɪə ɪɹ ɪə ĭr, îr near, here, Sirius
aɪ (ʌɪ) ɑe ɑe ī my, rice
మూస:IPAchar2 మూస:IPAchar2 ɒ ɔ మూస:IPAchar2 ŏ not, wasp
əʊ əʉ ɐʉ ō no, go, hope
ɔə oɹ, ɔɹ ɔɹ ōr hoarse
ɔː ɔ ɒ ô law, caught
ɔː ɔɹ ôr horse
ɔɪ oe oi boy, noise
మూస:IPAchar2 o͝o, ŏŏ put, foot
ʊə ʊɹ ʊə ʉə o͝or, ŏŏr poor, tour, tourism
మూస:IPAchar2 ʉː o͞o, ōō lose, soon, through
aʊ (ʌʊ) æo ou house, now
మూస:IPAchar2 a ɐ ŭ run, enough, up
ɜː ɝ, əɹ ɝː ɜː ɵː ûr fur, bird
మూస:IPAchar2 ɘ ə about
ə ɚ ə ɘ ər winner, enter[5]
  1. Sometimes transcribed IPA: /a/ for RP, for example in dictionaries of the Oxford University Press.
  2. See bad–lad split for more discussion of this vowel in Australian English.
  3. Alternative symbols used in British dictionaries include IPA: /ɛː/ (Oxford University Press) and IPA: /eə/.
  4. Sometimes transcribed IPA: /e/ for RP, for example in Collins English Dictionary.


IPA enPR / AHD examples
మూస:IPAchar2 b but, web, rubble
మూస:IPAchar2 ch chat, teach, nature
మూస:IPAchar2 d dot, idea, nod
మూస:IPAchar2 f fan, left, enough
మూస:IPAchar2 g get, bag
మూస:IPAchar2 h ham
మూస:IPAchar2[1] hw which
మూస:IPAchar2 j joy, agile, age
మూస:IPAchar2 k cat, tack
మూస:IPAchar2 ᴋʜ loch (in Scottish English)
మూస:IPAchar2 l left
మూస:IPAchar[2] l little
మూస:IPAchar2 m man, animal, him
మూస:IPAchar[2] m spasm, prism
మూస:IPAchar2 n note, ant, pan
మూస:IPAchar[2] n hidden
మూస:IPAchar2 ng singer, ring
మూస:IPAchar2 p pen, spin, top, apple
మూస:IPAchar2[3] r run, very
మూస:IPAchar2 s set, list, ice
మూస:IPAchar2 sh ash, sure, ration
మూస:IPAchar2 t ton, butt
మూస:IPAchar2 th thin, nothing, moth
మూస:IPAchar2 th this, father, clothe
మూస:IPAchar2 v voice, navel
మూస:IPAchar2 w wet
మూస:IPAchar2 y yes
మూస:IPAchar2 z zoo, quiz, rose
మూస:IPAchar2 zh vision, treasure
  1. Some phonologists dispute that మూస:IPAchar is a distinct phoneme in English, and use మూస:IPAchar instead.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Some phonologists dispute that మూస:IPAchar, మూస:IPAchar, మూస:IPAchar are distinct phonemes in English, and use మూస:IPAchar, మూస:IPAchar, మూస:IPAchar instead.
  3. Often written మూస:IPAchar, especially in works that cover only English, even though the sound is not a trill.

Other symbols[<small>మార్చు</small>]


మూస:IPAchar (మూస:IPAchara) ʹ (aʹ) primary stress, as in rapping /ˈɹæpɪŋ/
మూస:IPAchar (మూస:IPAchara) ' (a') secondary stress (or sometimes tertiary stress), as in battleship /ˈbætl̩ˌʃɪp/
aమూస:IPAchara a-a division between syllables
 ̩ syllabic consonant, as in ridden [ˈɹɪdn̩]


See also[<small>మార్చు</small>]


External links[<small>మార్చు</small>]