Jeong Mong-ju

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This is a Korean name; the family name is Jeong.
Jeong Mong-ju
Jeong Mong-ju.jpg
Korean name
Hangul 정몽주
Hanja 鄭夢周
Revised Romanization Jeong Mongju
McCune–Reischauer Chŏng Mongju
Pen name
Hangul 포은
Hanja 圃隱
Revised Romanization Po Eun
McCune–Reischauer P'o Ŭn

Jeong Mong-ju (1337–1392), often known by his pen name Poeun, was a Korean civil minister and scholar during the late period of the Goryeo dynasty.[1][2]



Jeong Mongju visited China in 1372 as a diplomatic envoy. Around the time, as waegu (Japanese pirate)'s invasions to the Korean peninsula were extreme, Jong was dispatched as a delegate to Kyūshū in 1377.[2][3] His negotiations led to promises of Japanese aid in defeating the pirates. He traveled to the Chinese capital city in 1384;[4] and negotiations with the Ming dynasty led to peace with China in 1385. He also founded an institute devoted to the theories of Confucianism.

Jeong was murdered in 1392 by five men on the Sonjukkyo Bridge in Gaeseong following a banquet held for him by Yi Bangwon (later Taejong of Joseon), the fifth son of Yi Seonggye, who overthrew the Goryeo dynasty in order to found the Joseon Dynasty. Jeong was murdered because he refused to betray his loyalty to the Goryeo Dynasty. Yi Bangwon recited a poem to dissuade Jeong from remaining loyal to the Goryeo court, but Jeong answered with another poem that affirmed his loyalty. Yi Seonggye is said to have lamented Jeong's death and rebuked his son because Jeong was a highly regarded politician by the courts of China and Japan. The bridge where Jeong was murdered, now in North Korea, has now become a national monument of that country. A brown spot on one of the stones is said to be Jeong's bloodstain, and is said to become red whenever it rains. Currently, his direct surviving descendants are his 21st and 22nd generation, all of whom reside in South Korea and the United States.


The 11th pattern of ITF Taekwon-Do is named after Po Eun. The pattern is performed as part of the testing syllabus for the level of 2nd Degree black belt.


  • 《PoeunJip》(포은집,圃隱集)
  • 《PoeunSigo》(포은시고,圃隱詩藁)


Taejong's poem[edit]

하여가 (何如歌)

이런들 어떠하리 저런들 어떠하리 此亦何如彼亦何如(차역하여피역하여)

만수산 드렁칡이 얽어진들 어떠하리 城隍堂後垣頹落亦何如(성황당후원퇴락역하여)

우리도 이같이 얽어져 백년까지 누리리라 我輩若此爲不死亦何如(아배약차위불사역하여)

Does it matter, whether you go this way or that?

The Mansu arrowroots are tangled together, this way:

Tangled likewise, let us prosper a hundred years.

Jeong Mongju's sijo[edit]


이몸이 죽고 죽어 일백 번 고쳐 죽어 此身死了死了一百番更死了(차신사료사료일백번갱사료)

백골이 진토되어 넋이라도 있고 없고 白骨爲塵土魂魄有無也(백골위진토혼백유무야)

임 향한 일편 단심이야 가실 줄이 있으랴. 鄕主一片丹心寧有改理歟(향주일편단심유개리여)

Though I die and die again a hundred times,



See also[edit]


  1. ^ Kang et al. (2006), p. 191.
  2. ^ a b c 정몽주 鄭夢周 (in Korean) Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
  3. ^ Titsingh, (1834). p. 313.
  4. ^ Kang, p. 159.