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J Mol Biol. 2005 Nov 11;353(5):980-9. Epub 2005 Sep 27.

The two DNA clamps Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 complex and proliferating cell nuclear antigen differentially regulate flap endonuclease 1 activity.

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  • 1Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zürich-Irchel, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland.


DNA damage leads to activation of several mechanisms such as DNA repair and cell-cycle checkpoints. It is evident that these different cellular mechanisms have to be finely co-ordinated. Growing evidence suggests that the Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 cell-cycle checkpoint complex (9-1-1 complex), which is recruited to DNA lesion upon DNA damage, plays a major role in DNA repair. This complex has been shown to interact with and stimulate several proteins involved in long-patch base excision repair. On the other hand, the well-characterised DNA clamp-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) also interacts with and stimulates several of these factors. In this work, we compared the effects of the 9-1-1 complex and PCNA on flap endonuclease 1 (Fen1). Our data suggest that PCNA and the 9-1-1 complex can independently bind to and activate Fen1. Finally, acetylation of Fen1 by p300-HAT abolished the stimulatory effect of the 9-1-1 complex but not that of PCNA, suggesting a possible mechanism of regulation of this important repair pathway.

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