biology assessment: chapter 5: osmosis

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The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Which of the following can pass freely through the membrane with no assistance?

oxygen and carbon dioxide

In oil-based liquids, phospholipids are arranged so that their _____ face outward and their _____ are orientated inward.

hydrophobic tails, hydrophilic heads

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called _____.


When water moves toward the solution with the _____ solute concentration, the solution is _____.


Our cells require glucose to produce energy. Consider a cell where the external concentration of glucose has dropped to 5%, but the internal concentration is at 20%. How does the cell obtain more glucose?

active transport

Energy can be classified as either potential or kinetic. Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?

a hot cup of coffee

Reactions can be exergonic or endergonic. Which of these reactions is endergonic?

protein biosynthesis

Through an _____ reaction, ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP by _____ and _____ energy.

exergonic, losing a phosphate group, releasing

During enzymatic reactions, substrates are converted to products. A property of enzymes that facilitates this reaction is that they are catalysts and therefore ____

change the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Lactase is essential for digesting lactose in milk. This enzyme is specific for this sugar. Why?

There is a precise compatibility between the active site and the lactose molecule.

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