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Entoloma is a large genus of terrestrial pink-gilled mushrooms, with about 1000 species.[1] They have a drab appearance, pink gills which are attached to the stem, a smooth thick cap, and angular spores. Most entolomas are saprobic. The best-known member of which is the livid agaric (Entoloma sinuatum) responsible for a number of poisonings over the years in Europe and North America, and Entoloma rhodopolium in Japan. Some southern hemisphere species found in Australia, Entoloma rodwayi and Entoloma viridomarginatum, and Entoloma hochstetteri from New Zealand, are very colourful, with caps of unusual shades of green and blue-green. Most entolomas are dull shades of olive, brown, or grey and some are mycorrhizal.


The part ἐντός means "within, inside". The part "loma" is a noun-forming element derived from Greek λῶμ(α), "fringe, hem" and used in the botanical taxomomy for naming plants distinguished by having a fringe or hem or particular kind described by the initial part of the word.[2] In the case of entoloma, the term refers to mushrooms with the hem turned inside.

Taxonomic history[edit]

Entoloma austroprunicolor, Wielangta Forest, Tasmania


The genus, as strictly defined, appears to be polyphyletic when looking at data produced by the molecular study by Moncalvo in 2002, with species of Nolanea, Leptonia and Inocephalus interspersed with various Entoloma species in a broadly monophyletic entolomatoid group.[5]


Most species are saprobic, though some may form mycorrhizal relationships. They may be found in a wide variety of habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, peat-bogs and moors, and Arctic or alpine conditions. Several species including Entoloma saepium, E. clypeatum, E. aprile and E. saundersii are thought to form mycorrhizal relationships with members of the Rosaceae including Malus, Pyrus, Crataegus and Prunus.[6][7]






  1. ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th ed. Wallingford: CABI. p. 237. ISBN 0-85199-826-7. 
  2. ^ Laurence Urdang, Alexander Humez, Howard G. Zettler , Suffixes and other word-final elements of English, 1982, p. 51
  4. ^ (Italian)Noordeloos ME (1992). Fungi Europaei:Entoloma. Saronno, Italy: Giovanna Biella. p. 13. 
  5. ^ Moncalvo JM, et al. 2002. One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23:357-400. Available from: http://www.botany.utoronto.ca/faculty/moncalvo/117clade.pdf
  6. ^ Noordeloos, p. 38–39
  7. ^ Breitenbach J & Kränzlin F (1991). Fungi of Switzerland 4: Agarics, 2nd Part. p. 64. ISBN 3-85604-240-7. 
  8. ^ Noordeloos, p. 39



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