TY - JOUR T1 - Fungal Endopolygalacturonases Are Recognized as Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns by the Arabidopsis Receptor-Like Protein RESPONSIVENESS TO BOTRYTIS POLYGALACTURONASES1 JF - Plant Physiology JO - Plant Physiol. SP - 352 LP - 364 DO - 10.1104/pp.113.230698 VL - 164 IS - 1 AU - Zhang, Lisha AU - Kars, Ilona AU - Essenstam, Bert AU - Liebrand, Thomas W.H. AU - Wagemakers, Lia AU - Elberse, Joyce AU - Tagkalaki, Panagiota AU - Tjoitang, Devlin AU - van den Ackerveken, Guido AU - van Kan, Jan A.L. Y1 - 2014/01/01 UR - http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/164/1/352.abstract N2 - Plants perceive microbial invaders using pattern recognition receptors that recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns. In this study, we identified RESPONSIVENESS TO BOTRYTIS POLYGALACTURONASES1 (RBPG1), an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein, AtRLP42, that recognizes fungal endopolygalacturonases (PGs) and acts as a novel microbe-associated molecular pattern receptor. RBPG1 recognizes several PGs from the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea as well as one from the saprotroph Aspergillus niger. Infiltration of B. cinerea PGs into Arabidopsis accession Columbia induced a necrotic response, whereas accession Brno (Br-0) showed no symptoms. A map-based cloning strategy, combined with comparative and functional genomics, led to the identification of the Columbia RBPG1 gene and showed that this gene is essential for the responsiveness of Arabidopsis to the PGs. Transformation of RBPG1 into accession Br-0 resulted in a gain of PG responsiveness. Transgenic Br-0 plants expressing RBPG1 were equally susceptible as the recipient Br-0 to the necrotroph B. cinerea and to the biotroph Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Pretreating leaves of the transgenic plants with a PG resulted in increased resistance to H. arabidopsidis. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that RBPG1 and PG form a complex in Nicotiana benthamiana, which also involves the Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein SOBIR1 (for SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1). sobir1 mutant plants did not induce necrosis in response to PGs and were compromised in PG-induced resistance to H. arabidopsidis.GlossaryMAMPmicrobe-associated molecular patternPRRpattern recognition receptorLRRleucine-rich repeatRLKreceptor-like kinaseRLPreceptor-like proteinPGendopolygalacturonaseOGAoligogalacturonideDAMPdamage-associated molecular patternAFLPamplified fragment-length polymorphismQTLquantitative trait locuscMcentimorganSNPsingle-nucleotide polymorphismRILrecombinant inbred lineT-DNAtransfer DNAAIRalcohol-insoluble residueROSreactive oxygen speciesHpaHyaloperonospora arabidopsidisLODlog-likelihooddpidays post inoculationOD600optical density at 600 nm ER -