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Ch 16 Urinary Contra

Bontrager Ch 16 Urinary Contrast Media

Which type of contrast media will not significantly increase the osmolarity of the blood? Non Ionic contrast media
Which type of contrast media uses a parent compound of a benzoic acid? Ionic contrast media
Which type of contrast media incorporates sodium, or meglumine to increase solubility of the contrast media? Ionic contrast media
Which type of contrast media creates a hypertonic solution in the blood plasma? Ionic contrast media
Which type of contrast media is a near isotonic solution? Non Ionic contrast media
Which type of contrast media poses a greater risk for disrupting homeostasis? Ionic contrast media
What is the common anion & cation in the ionic contrast media? The common cation is Sodium (+) or Meglumine & the common anion's (-) are Diatrizoate & Iothalamate.
What is the basis for any disruption in the physiological functions of the body that may lead to a contrast media reaction? The Chemo-Toxic Theory. An increase in osmolarity may lead to a reaction. The body wants to remain in homeostasis.
Which type of contrast media dissociates the (+) cation and (-) anion? Which one doesn't? Why is this? Ionic contrast disocciates the (+) anion & (-) cation creating an increase in osmolarity. NonIonic contrast does not dissociate. Becasue NonIonic contrast does not have the Benzoic Acid ring with the cation (+) so no dissociation & no increase osmolarity.
Which types of things would be a possible increased chance for a reaction to contrast? People who've had a previous reaction. People with Asthma. People with kidney/heart/liver disease. People with known blood disorders.
What are normal creatinine level range for an adult? 0.6 to 1.5 mg/dl
What are the normal BUN levels for an adult? 8 to 25 mg/100 ml
Metformin Hydrochloride is a drug that's taken for the management of what? How many hours should Metformin Hydrochloride be withheld for following a contrast media procedure? When should it be resumed? Diabetes Mellitus. For 48 hours. It should only be resumed if kidney function is again to be determined within normal limits.
What are the 4 general categories of contrast media REACTIONS? Mild, Moderate, Sever, Organ Specific.
Which type of reaction is a true allergic response to iodinated contrast media? Anaphylactic reaction
Which type of reaction is due to stimulation of the vagus nerve by introduction of contrast media, which causes heart rate & blood pressure to fall? Is this reaction considered to be life threatening? Vasovagal reaction. Yes, vasovagal reactions are considered to be life threatening.
How many hours following an iodinated contrast media procedure may acute renal failure occur? 48 hours
What is the term for leakage of contrast media from a vessel into the surrounding soft tissue called? Extravasation
What type of reaction would temporary renal failure be considered? Organ specific
What is an expected outcome of the introduction of contrast media is described as what? A side effect.
What is the primary purpose of the pre-medication procedure before an iodinated contrast procedure? Which drugs are often given to the patient as part of the pre-medication procedure? To prevent the severity of a sever reaction. Benadryl & Prednisone.
In addition to notifying a nurse or physician when contrast media has extravasated into soft tissue, what should the technologist first do to increase reabsorption? Elevate the affected extremity preferably above the heart.
When does tissue inflammation peak following an extravasated contrast media? 24 to 48 hours following extravasation.
How many times should the drug label and expiration date be read? When should this be done? It should be read 3x. When the drug is removed from the shelf, when the drug is removed from the container, finally when the drug is administered.
Created by: jamestkelley