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La prise en charge des morsures de chien chez les enfants. Devrais-je la traiter avec des antibiotiques? Quel antibiotique faut-il utiliser et pendant combien de temps?

Toutefois, leurs avantages ne sont pas sans risques: Traitements didactiques preventifs d’un type de conceptions erronees en sciences physiques chez des eleves du secondaire. Dans un contexte constructiviste, les connaissances anterieures d’un individu sont essentielles a la construction de nouvelles connaissances. Quelle qu’en soit la source certaines inte ces connaissances ont pedjatrie elaborees en classe, d’autres ont ete elaborees par interaction personnelle de l’individu avec son environnement physique et socialces unter, une fois acquises, constituent les matieres premieres de l’elaboration des nouvelles conceptions de cet individu.

Generalement, cette influence est consideree comme positive. Cependant, dans un milieu scolaire ou l’apprentissage de certaines conceptions enchassees dans un programme d’etudes et enterinees par l’ensemble d’une communaute est obligatoire, certaines connaissances anterieures peuvent entraver la construction des conceptions exigees par la communaute.

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La litterature abonde de tels exemples. Cependant, certaines connaissances anterieures, en soi tout bratuit fait conformes a l’Heritage, peuvent aussi, parce qu’utilisees de facon non pertinente, entraver la construction d’une conception exigee par la communaute.

Ici, la litterature nous donne peu d’exemples de ce type, mais nous en fournirons quelques-uns dans le cadre theorique, et ce sera un d’entre eux qui servira de base a nos propos. En effet, une grande proportion d’eleves inscrits a un cours de sciences physiques de gratuih quatrieme secondaire, en reponse a un probleme deja solutionne durant l’annee et redonne lors d’un examen sommatif, “Pourquoi la Lune nous montre-t-elle toujours la meme face? En tant que responsable de l’enseignement de ce programme d’etudes, plusieurs questions nous sont venues a gratuuit, entre autres, comment, dans pediafrie contexte constructiviste, est-il possible de reduire chez un eleve, l’impact de cette connaissance anterieure dans l’elaboration de la solution et ainsi prevenir la construction d’une conception erronee?

Nous avons teste nos. Prises de risques chez les jeunes de Bobo Dioulasso: Le syndrome des jambes sans repos: Elle peut mettre en jeu le pronostic fonctionnel et vital du malade.

Contrairement aux autres formes, Les formes basses ont un pronostic fonctionnel favorable. Une vie saine et active: Les enfants consommaient en moyenne 2. Intoxications aigues aux organophosphores chez la femme enceinte.

En effet, cinq des sept parturientes avaient un Glasgow initial chez toutes les parturientes. Le schwannome malin du nerf grand sciatique chez l’enfant. La carence en vitamine D chez l’adulte au Gabon: Je pose souvent un diagnostic de bronchiolite en fonction du tableau clinique.

Sexual partner preference in female Japanese macaques. Whether animals ever exhibit a preference for same-sex sexual partners is a subject of debate. Japanese macaques represent excellent models for examining issues related to sexual preference in animals because females, in certain populations, routinely engage in both heterosexual and homosexual behavior over the course of their life spans.

Multiple lines of evidence memoo that female homosexual behavior in Japanese macaques is a sexual behavior, not a sociosexual one. Additional evidence indicates that female Japanese macaques do not engage in homosexual behavior simply because acceptable male mates are unavailable jemo unmotivated to copulate.

Patterns of sexual partner choice by female Japanese macaques that are the focus of intersexual competition indicate that itner of this species choose same-sex sexual partners even when they are simultaneously presented with a motivated, opposite-sex alternative. Thus, in some populations of Japanese macaquesfemales prefer certain same-sex sexual partners relative to certain male mates, and vice versa.


Taken together, this evidence suggests that female Japanese macaques are best characterized as pediatrid in orientation, not preferentially homosexual or preferentially heterosexual. Le syndrome des enfants battus: La maltraitance physique des enfants ou le syndrome des enfants battus est responsable de plus de Fracture, maltraitance, enfant, neuro-radiologie PMID: Systeme microfluidique d’analyse sanguine en temps reel pour l’imagerie moleculaire chez le petit animal.

Ambiguity Aversion in Rhesus Macaques. People generally prefer risky options, which have fully specified outcome gratut, to ambiguous options, which have unspecified probabilities.

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This preference, formalized in economics, is strong enough that people will reliably prefer a risky option to an ambiguous option with a greater expected value. Explanations for ambiguity aversion often invoke uniquely human faculties like language, self-justification, or a desire to avoid public embarrassment.

Challenging these ideas, here we demonstrate that a preference for unambiguous options is shared with rhesus macaques. We trained four monkeys to choose between pairs of options that both offered explicitly cued probabilities of large and small juice outcomes. We then introduced occasional trials where one of pediatrif options was obscured and examined their resulting preferences; we ran humans in a parallel experiment on a nearly identical task.

We found that monkeys reliably preferred risky options to ambiguous ones, even when this bias was costly, closely matching the behavior of humans in the analogous task. Notably, ambiguity aversion varied parametrically with the extent of ambiguity. As expected, ambiguity aversion gradually declined as monkeys learned the underlying probability distribution of rewards.

These data indicate that ambiguity aversion reflects fundamental cognitive biases shared with other animals rather than uniquely human factors guiding decisions. Personality structure and social style in macaques. Why regularities in personality can be described with particular dimensions is a basic question in differential psychology. Nonhuman primates can also be characterized in terms of personality structure. Comparative approaches can help reveal phylogenetic constraints and social and ecological patterns associated with the presence or absence of specific personality dimensions.

We sought to determine how different personality structures are related to interspecific variation in social pediayrie. Specifically, we examined this question in 6 different species of macaquesbecause macaque social style is well characterized and can be categorized on a spectrum of despotic Grade 1 versus tolerant Grade 4 social styles.

We derived personality structures from adjectival ratings of Japanese Macaca onter Grade 1Assamese M. Using a nonparametric method, fuzzy set analysis, to identify pediagrie in personality dimensions across species, we found that all but 1 species pediatrje consistently peidatrie Friendliness and Openness dimensions, but that similarities in personality dimensions capturing aggression and social competence reflect similarities in social styles.

These findings suggest that social and phylogenetic relationships contribute to the origin, maintenance, and diversification of personality. Human exposure to herpesvirus B-seropositive macaquesBali, Indonesia. Herpesvirus B Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 has been implicated as the cause of approximately 40 cases of meningoencephalitis affecting persons in direct or indirect contact with laboratory macaques.

However, the threat of herpesvirus B in nonlaboratory settings worldwide remains to be addressed. We investigated the potential me,o exposure to herpesvirus B in workers at a “monkey forest” a temple that has become a tourist attraction because of its monkeys in Bali, Indonesia.

Nearly half of those interviewed had either been bitten or scratched by a macaque. Prevalence of injury was higher in those who fed macaques. Serum from 31 of 38 Sangeh macaques contained antibodies to herpesvirus B. We conclude that workers coming into contact with macaques at the Sangeh Monkey Forest are at risk for exposure to herpesvirus B.

Le logiciel SPSS v. L’Infection Nosocomiale en Reanimation des Brules. Gravity orientation tuning in macaque anterior thalamus. Gravity may provide a ubiquitous allocentric reference to the brain’s spatial orientation circuits. Here we describe neurons in the macaque anterior thalamus tuned to pitch and roll orientation relative to gravity, independently of visual landmarks.


We show that individual cells exhibit two-dimensional tuning curves, with peak firing rates at a preferred vertical orientation.

These results identify a thalamic pathway for gravity cues to influence perception, action and spatial cognition. Ulcerative Cheilitis in a Rhesus Macaque. A two-year-old, female, simian immunodeficiency virus Einfected rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta was presented for necropsy following euthanasia due to a history of diarrhea, weight loss, and a small, round ulcer along the left labial commisure.

Histopathologic examination of the ulcer revealed infiltration by large numbers of degenerate and non-degenerate neutrophils and macrophages admixed with syncytial epithelial cells. Rare epithelial cells contained herpetic inclusion bodies. These cells stained positive for Human herpesvirus 1 via immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of closely related Macacine herpesvirus 1 B virus.

Ulcerative cheilitis in a rhesus macaque. A 2-year-old, female, simian immunodeficiency virus Einfected rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta was presented for necropsy following euthanasia due to a history of diarrhea, weight loss, and a small, round ulcer along the left labial commissure.

Histopathologic examination of the ulcer revealed infiltration by large numbers of degenerate and nondegenerate neutrophils and macrophages admixed with syncytial epithelial cells. These cells stained positive for Human herpesvirus 1 via immunohistochemistry, and DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of closely related Macacine herpesvirus 1 B virus. Les formes graves de la grippe A H1N1 chez la femme enceinte: The clinical symptoms of macaques were recorded; hematological, biochemical and histopathological evaluations were completed; viral titers and neutralization titers NT-titers in sera were tested; and the mRNA levels of SSM-CVB3, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor CAR and decay accelerating factor DAF were determined.

After SSM-CVB3 infection, the macaques showed a lack of activity, a poor appetite, a higher body temperature, and severe diarrhea. The macaques also developed hematuria and albuminuria at 4 to 10 days post-inoculation.

The information obtained from this study suggests that the SSM-CVB3 strain and this macaque model could be used for studying CVB3-induced cardiac, hepatic or renal diseases. Inbreeding avoidance in rhesus macaques: Whether nonhuman primates avoid copulating with close kin living in their social group is controversial. If sexual aversion to relatives occurs, it should be stronger in females than in males because of females’ greater investment in each offspring and hence greater costs resulting from less viable offspring.

Data presented here show that adult male rhesus macaques breeding in their natal groups at Cayo Santiago experienced high copulatory success, but copulated less with females of their own matrilineages than with females of other matrilineages.

Adult females were never observed to copulate with males of their own matrilineage during their fertile periods. Although natal males sometimes courted their relatives, examination of two measures of female mate choice showed that females chose unrelated natal males over male kin.

Female aversion to male kin was specific to the sexual context; during the birth season, females did not discriminate against their male relatives in distributing grooming. Evolved inbreeding avoidance mechanisms probably produce different outcomes at Cayo Santiago than in wild rhesus macaque populations.

Gender differences in sexual aversion to relatives may be partly responsible for differences between studies in reported frequency of copulations by related pairs. Introduction This study aimed to determine the frequency and to assess maternal and perinatal prognosis for vaginal delivery in adolescent girls in the city of Lubumbashi. Methods We conducted a case-control study of vaginal deliveries in singleton pregnancy in 10 referral hospitals in Lubumbashi DR Congo from December to May L’Odds Ratio quantifie les associations.