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메틸메르캅탄(기체) 구조식 이미지
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CH3SH;C00409;4Q 1998;FEMA 2716;Methvtiolo;Methanthiol;Methaanthiol;MERCAPTAN C1;METHANETHIOL;THIOMETHANOL
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메틸메르캅탄(기체) 속성

−123 °C(lit.)
끓는 점
6 °C(lit.)
증기 밀도
1.66 (vs air)
1536 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
1.4020 (estimate)
Soluble in alcohol, ether (Weast, 1986), and petroleum naphtha (Hawley, 1981)
물리적 상태
산도 계수 (pKa)
10.3(at 25℃)
Odor Threshold
23.30 g/L at 20 °C (quoted, Windholz et al., 1983)
0.330 mol/L at 25 °C (Hine and Weimar, 1965)
JECFA Number
Henry's Law Constant
3.03 (Hine and Weimar, 1965)
노출 한도
TLV-TWA 0.5 ppm (～1.0 mg/m3 ) (ACGIH and MSHA); ceiling 10 ppm (OSHA); IDLH 400 ppm (NIOSH); the revised IDLH is 150 ppm in analogy to H2S.
Stable. Highly flammable - note low flash point. Reacts vigorously or explosively with a wide variety of materials - consult a full MSDS data sheet before using. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alkali and alkaline earth metals, epoxides, hydrazines, ketones, lead, mercury (II) oxide, azo- and diazo- compounds, copp
CAS 데이터베이스
74-93-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
Methyl mercaptan (74-93-1)
  • 위험 및 안전 성명
  • 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 F+,T,N
위험 카페고리 넘버 12-23-50/53
안전지침서 16-25-60-61
유엔번호(UN No.) UN 2037 2.3
WGK 독일 3
RTECS 번호 PB4375000
F 고인화성물질 13-27
위험 등급 2.3
독성 LC50 (inhalation) for mice 6,530 μg/m3/2-h, rats 675 ppm (quoted, RTECS, 1985).
신호 어: Danger
유해·위험 문구:
암호 유해·위험 문구 위험 등급 범주 신호 어 그림 문자 P- 코드
H220 극인화성 가스 인화성 가스 구분 1 위험 P210, P377, P381, P403
H280 고압가스; 가열시 폭발할 수 있음 고압가스 압축가스
용존 가스
경고 P410+P403
H331 흡입하면 유독함 급성 독성 물질 흡입 구분 3 위험 P261, P271, P304+P340, P311, P321,P403+P233, P405, P501
H410 장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 매우 유독함 수생 환경유해성 물질 - 만성 구분 1 경고 P273, P391, P501
P210 열·스파크·화염·고열로부터 멀리하시오 - 금연 하시오.
P261 분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.
P273 환경으로 배출하지 마시오.
P311 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.
P410+P403 직사광선을 피하고 환기가 잘 되는 곳에 보관하시오.
P501 ...에 내용물 / 용기를 폐기 하시오.

메틸메르캅탄(기체) C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산


Methanethiol (also known as methyl mercaptan) is a colorless gas with a smell like rotten cabbage. It is a natural substance found in the blood and brain of humans and other animals as well as plant tissues. It is disposed of through animal feces. It occurs naturally in certain foods, such as some nuts and cheese. It is also one of the main chemicals responsible for bad breath and the smell of flatus. The chemical formula for methanethiol is CH3SH; it is classified as a thiol. It is sometimes abbreviated as MeSH. It is very flammable.

화학적 성질

colourless gas with a garlic-like or rotten cabbage-like smell

화학적 성질

Methyl mercaptan is a colorless gas or white liquid with a disagreeable odor like garlic or rotten cabbage. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. The odor threshold is 0.002 ppm.

화학적 성질

Methyl mercaptan has an objectionable odor of decomposing cabbage. May be prepared by heating an aqueous solution of potassium methyl sulfate and KHS; from sodium methyl sulfate and potassium sulfhydrate; also from methanol and hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a catalyst.

화학적 성질

Methyl mercaptan has an objectionable odor of decomposing cabbage or garlic

물리적 성질

Colorless gas with a garlic-like or rotten cabbage odor. An experimentally determined odor threshold concentration of 2.1 ppbv was reported by Leonardos et al. (1969). A detection odor threshold concentration of 81 μg/m3 (41 ppbv) was determined by Katz and Talbert (1930).


Methanethiol is released from decaying organic matter in marshes and is present in the natural gas of certain regions, in coal tar, and in some crude oils.
In surface seawater, methanethiol is the primary breakdown product of the algal metabolite dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). Marine bacteria appear to obtain most of their protein sulfur by the breakdown of DMSP and incorporation of methanethiol, despite the fact that methanethiol is present in seawater at much lower concentrations than sulfate (～0.3 nM vs. 28 mM). Bacteria in oxic and anoxic environments can also convert methanethiol to dimethyl sulfide (DMS), although most DMS in surface seawater is produced by a separate pathway. Both DMS and methanethiol can be used by certain microbes as substrates for methanogenesis in some anaerobic soils.
Methanethiol is a weak acid, with a pKa of ～10.4. This acidic property makes it reactive with dissolved metals in aqueous solutions. The environmental chemistry of these interactions in seawater or fresh water environments such as lakes has yet to be fully investigated.
A material safety data sheet (MSDS) lists methanethiol as a colorless, flammable gas with an extremely strong and repulsive smell. At very high concentrations it is highly toxic and affects the central nervous system. Its penetrating odor provides warning at dangerous concentrations. An odor threshold of 1 ppb has been reported. The United States OSHA Ceiling Limit is listed as 10 ppm.


Methanethiol is mainly used to produce methionine, which is used as a dietary component in poultry and animal feed. Methanethiol is also used in the plastics industry and as a precursor in the manufacture of pesticides. It is released as a by-product of wood pulping in pulp mills.
Methanethiol is also used for communication in mining operations . Releasing the substance into the ventilation system is generally the most efficient and reliable means to alert all workers of an emergency , and is referred to as "releasing the pest" ,This substance's strong odor alerts the miners to immediately go to a saferoom.
Since natural gas and propane are colorless and odorless, a small amount of methyl mercaptan or ethyl mercaptan is added to make it easy to detect a gas leak.


Methanethiol is used in the manufacture ofpesticides and fungicides and as an intermediate in the manufacture of jet fuels (Watkinset al. 1989); it is added to natural gas to giveodor. It is used in the synthesis of methionine.


Synthesis, especially of methionine, jet fuel additives, fungicides; also as catalyst.

제조 방법

Methanethiol is prepared commercially by the reaction of methanol with hydrogen sulfide gas over an acidic solid catalyst, such as alumina. It can be prepared by the reaction of methyl iodide with thiourea.

Aroma threshold values

Detection: 0.02 to 4 ppb. Aroma characteristics at 1.0%: vegetable oil, alliaceous, eggy, creamy with savory nuances

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 1 ppm: sulfurous, alliaceous, creamy with a surface-ripened cheese top note and a clean, savory, meaty depth

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. Reacts with water, steam or acids to produce toxic, flammable vapors [Lewis].

반응 프로필

METHYL MERCAPTAN is a reducing agent--can react vigorously with oxidizing agents. Dangerous fire or explosion hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks or strong oxidizing agents (e.g., calcium hypochlorite). When heating to decomposition emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 862]. Violent reaction with mercury(II) oxide [Klason P., Ber., 1887, 20, p. 3410].


Flammable, dangerous fire risk. Explosive limits in air 3.9–21.8%. Strong irritant. Liver damage.


Can cause death by respiratory paralysis. It is an eye and respiratory tract irritant. Exposure results in pulmonary edema and hepatic and renal damage.


The acute toxicity of methanethiol is simi-lar to that of hydrogen sulfide. Inhalation ofthis gas can cause narcosis, headache, nau-sea, pulmonary irritation, and convulsions inhumans. Other symptoms noted are acutehemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia, andcyanosis. In humans, several hours exposure to about 5 ppm concentration of thisgas can cause headache and nausea. Exposure to high concentrations can result inrespiratory paralysis and death. The 2-hour inhalation LC50 value in mice is within therange 650 mg/m3.
Shults et al. (1970) reported a case of ahuman death from overexposure to methane-thiol. The victim developed acute hemolyticanemia and methemoglobinemia and re-mainedindeepcomauntil deaththatoccurred28 days after the accident from emptying gascylinders.


Combustion produces irritating sulfur dioxide. Flash back along vapor track may occur. Very dangerous when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. On decomposition METHYL MERCAPTAN emits highly toxic fumes of sulfur oxides. METHYL MERCAPTAN will react with water, steam or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors; and can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Irritating sulfur dioxide is produced upon combustion. When heated to decomposition, METHYL MERCAPTAN emits highly toxic fumes and flammable vapors. Incompatible with mercuric oxide and oxidizing materials. Avoid direct sunlight, and areas of high fire hazards. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.

Safety Profile

Poison by inhalation. Mutation data reported. A common air contaminant. Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Reacts with water, steam, or acids to produce toxic and flammable vapors. Violent reaction with mercury(II) oxide. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. Upon decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of SOx.

Chemical Synthesis

By heating an aqueous solution of potassium methyl sulfate and KHS; from sodium methyl sulfate and potassium sulfhydrate; also from methanol and hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a catalyst

잠재적 노출

Methyl mercaptan is used in methionine synthesis, and widely as an intermediate in pesticide manufacture. A foul-smelling odorant usually added to chemicals, including pesticides.


Occurs naturally in kohlrabi stems (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) and potato plants (Duke, 1992)


Biological. After 20 d, methyl mercaptan started to degrade in anaerobic sediments and sludges producing stoichiometric amounts of methane. Complete degradation was achieved after 20 d. Under anaerobic freshwater conditions, methyl mercaptan were degraded by methanogenic archea (van Leerdam et al., 2006).
Photolytic. Sunlight irradiation of a methyl mercaptan-nitrogen oxide mixture in an outdoor chamber yielded formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, nitric acid, methyl nitrate, methanesulfonic acid, and an inorganic sulfate (Grosjean, 1984a).
Chemical/Physical. In the presence of nitric oxide, gaseous methyl mercaptan reacted with OH radicals forming methyl sulfenic acid and methyl thionitrite. The rate constant for this reaction is 2.1 x 10-11 cm3/molecule?sec at 20 °C (MacLeod et al., 1984). Forms a crystalline hydrate with water (Patnaik, 1992).

운송 방법

UN1064 Methyl mercaptan, Hazard Class: 2.3; Labels: 2.3-Poisonous gas, 2.1-Flammable gas, Inhalation Hazard Zone C. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.


Methanethiol is a byproduct produced by the metabolism of asparagus. The ability to produce methanethiol in urine after eating asparagus was once thought to be a genetic trait. However recent research suggests that the peculiar odor is in fact produced by all humans after consuming asparagus, while the ability to detect it (methanethiol being one of many components in "asparagus pee") is in fact the genetic trait. The chemical components responsible for the change in the odor of urine show as soon as 15 minutes after eating asparagus.

비 호환성

Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, bleaches, copper, nickel and their alloys; aluminum. Reacts with acids producing flammable and toxic hydrogen sulfide

폐기물 처리

Return refillable compressed gas cylinders to supplier. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Incineration followed by effective scrubbing of the effluent gas.

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