PAF Receptors

﻿by the Wellcome Trust, and D

﻿by the Wellcome Trust, and D.I.S. shown in Physique S2. Table 1 Binding Affinity (Kd), Protein Stability Change (Tm), and Half-Maximum Inhibitory Concentration (IC50)

? ? ? IC50 (M)b

inhibitor Kd (M) Tm (C)a Vero E6 HepG2

toremifene16C150.162?(0.048)0.026?(0.0013)benztropine1300C68.07?(0)2.82?(0.13)bepridil290C65.08?(0.38)3.21?(0.15)paroxetine650C47.45?(0.41)1.38?(0.076)sertraline950C33.13?(0.24)1.44?(0.057) Open in a separate window aTm is measured at inhibitor concentration of 500 M. bIC50 values and standard deviations (in parentheses) are adapted from Johansen et al.15 Overall Structures of EBOV GPCDrug Complexes The four drugs were separately prepared in crystallization liquor, and crystals of EBOV GP were soaked in these solutions before collecting X-ray diffraction data, which allowed structure determination, revealing that all four compounds bind EBOV GP (Experimental Section). X-ray data sets, all extending to 2.4 ? resolution or better and measured with high redundancy (Table S1), were collected at the Diamond synchrotron. The overall structures of the glycoprotein component of these four complexes are very similar to each other with rmsds less than 0.6 ? for all those C atoms of the protein. Each bound drug has good electron density allowing its conformation to be defined (Physique ?Physique11). Significant conformational differences are observed at residues 46C52 of GP1, and 521C525 and 577C583 of GP2 (Physique S2). Residues 46C52 precede the disulfide bond (C53CC609) between GP1 and GP2 and have two conformations in the GPCparoxetine complex, one corresponding to that observed in apo GP, GPCtoremifene, and GPCbepridil, and the other to that seen in GPCibuprofen, GPCbenztropine, and GPCsertraline. Residues 577C583 that link 3 and 4 move about 6 ? by rotation around the three-fold axis of the GP trimer in the structure of GPCbenztropine. These two sets of structural changes do not appear to be related to inhibitor binding. The third place where large conformational differences are found is at the N-terminus of the fusion loop (residues 521C525), which is usually flexible and Maxacalcitol makes direct interactions with some of the drugs, such as toremifene. Two Benztropine Molecules Bind within a Single Cavity in EBOV GP The inhibitor-binding cavity, located between GP1 and GP2, is Rabbit monoclonal to IgG (H+L) usually surrounded by residues from the 1?2 hairpin, 3, 6, and 13 of GP1, and the stem of the fusion loop (19-20) and 3 of GP2. Two benztropine molecules (named A and B hereafter) bind in Maxacalcitol the cavity (Figures ?Figures11D and ?and4A).4A). Benztropine has three rings each connected to a carbon atom acting as a hub (Physique ?Physique22). Molecule A has well-defined electron density and binds with one phenyl ring nestling in a subpocket adjacent to 3, delimited by side-chains of residues I38 and I43 of the 1?2 hairpin, L184 and L186 of 13, and L554 and L558 of 3, while the second phenyl ring interacts with V66 of 3 and one edge of Y517 from 19 (Figures ?Figures11 and ?and4;4; Physique S3). The center of the molecule is usually sandwiched by L186 and M548, with all three rings making contact with M548. The second phenyl ring and the azabicyclo ring also make close contacts to both phenyl rings of the B Maxacalcitol molecule of benztropine, which has weaker electron density (Physique ?Physique11d; Physique S3A). One phenyl ring of benztropine B makes T-shaped stacking interactions with Y517 and extensive hydrophobic contacts with the side-chain of R64 and A101 on the floor of the binding site. The second phenyl ring points to the solvent and does not interact with any atom.