Sociology Study Guide

Sociology: On-Line Name___________________________ Chapters: 8 – 13 & 16 & Henslin Reader FALL 2015

Chapter 8:

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Definitions: Deviance Hate crimes Non-Defintions:

How did Durkheim view deviance?
Recognize primary and secondary deviance
What are theories addressed to deviance and crime (Functionalism (Strain), Differential Association, Control What are examples of white-collar crimes? Why is white collar crime rarely prosecuted?
What has been happening to crime lately?
Why do we see the dramatic increase in incarceration rates since the 1980’s?
What best describes the realities of equality before the law in the United States?
What do we see in terms of the arrest rate by race? Why does this happen?
What is the rate of recidivism?
Know the different types of punishment.
Why do ex-prisoners have a difficult time reintegrating into the community?

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Chapter 9

Definitions: Bourgeoisie Income

Feminization of poverty

World Systems analysis

Wealth Modernization theory

Life chances Absolute poverty Dependency Theory

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Recognize examples of the working class, middle-class and under classes?
How is the poverty line calculated?
How do sociologists describe countries level of industrial and technological development? Which nation has the most internal social inequality?
What are the two majorsocialsources of global inequality?
Be familiar with Lareau’s findings on social class and child rearing.
According to Marx, what characterizes the relationship between owners and workers? Recognize different types of social mobility.
Recognize examples of deindustrialization

Chapter 10

Definitions: Ethnicity Race
N o n – de f i n t i o n s :
Under what racial classification are Hispanic people placed?
What is the effect of identifying certain physical traits as socially significant? What are the definitions and examples of stereotype, prejudice and discrimination? Know the different patterns of majority-minority interactions?

What is the purpose of studies done on “whiteness?”
Recognize examples of institutional discrimination
What did Mahzarin Banaji and her colleagues discover when testing respondents using implicit association tests? How did the North American Free Trade Agreement increase immigration from Mexico to the U.S.?
What is the outcome of color-blind racism?

Chapter 11

Definitions: Sex Gender Intersexual people Transgender Transsexuals -Two-spirits

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What summarizes the relationship sociologists see between sexand gender? In the U.S., what percentage of men’s earning do women earn?
Recognize examples of sexual harassment
Recognize the second shift.

What is the goal of feminism?
What was the event that is viewed as setting into motion the modern LGBT movement? What does the Third-wave feminism promote?

Chapter 12


What are the functions of the family?
How are children viewed today versus yesteryear?
What has been happening to divorce?
Why do sociologists study religion?
What is Durkheim’s viewof religion?
What is Marx’s view of religion?
Which American political party was increasingly supported by Christian fundamentalism? Which groups are most knowledgeable about the core teachings of major world religions?

Chapter 13


Howdo functionalistviewschooling?
What is the hidden curriculum?
How do schools perpetuate inequality?
Why do students in well-off areas tend to have public schools with more resources? How does collective bargaining benefit workers?

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Chapter 16

Definitions: Politics Democracy

Power elite theory Domination theory

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Pluralism Power elite theory

What describes the 2 major American political parties and their class alignment? What is the most influential lobbying sector?
What has been a major issue pursued by corporate lobbyists?
What does a free-market or Laissez-faire capitalist system promote?

What is the main reason a person in the U.S. enjoys little economic security compared to many other advanced democratic nations?
What contributed to the financial crises of 2008

Henslin Articles: 21 Total Questions

Article5: ScullyandMarolla,“RidingtheBullatGilley’s”–WhatdidMalmuthandhisfellowresearchers concluded about the objective of most rapists?

Article17: Tannen,“ButWhatDoYouMean? WomenandMeninConversation” –Howdowomenoften find men’s approach too discussing ideas?
Article 18: Lawson, “Attacking Nicely: Women Selling Cars” –Which statement best characterizes the friendshipnetworksatcardealerships? Whydosomemanagerskeepnewsalespeopleinthedarkaboutthegross costs of cars?

Article21: Liebow,“TheLivesofHomelessWomen” –WhatwastheresearchmethodthatLiewbowusedto studyhomelesswomen? WhatdidLiebowdiscoverabouttheemotionalproblemsofthehomelesswomenthathe studied?


Article 25: Levi, “Becoming a Hit Man” — What does it mean to have “heart?”
Article26: Chambliss,“TheSaintsandtheroughnecks” –FromChamliss’sstudy,whatwastheimpactofthe community’s response (or labeling) to deviance by the young?
Article 27: Zimbardo, “The Pathology of Imprisonment” — What does Zimbardo conclude is (are) a foundation for prison brutality and violence? What does Zimbardo claim is a necessary ingredient to bring about change in prison reform?
Article 28: Rosenhan, “On Being Sane in Insane Places” — The data presented in this article speak to the massive role of which of the following in psychiatric assessment:
Article 29: Katz, “The Importance of Being Beautiful” — In interviews, college students indicated that it is “vulgar” to judge people by t heir appearance. They stressed that they judge people by the human qualities that they value – intelligence, friendliness, sincerity, and so on. After going out on a blind date arranged by a computer, these same people were interviewed. What were the results?
Article 30: Martin and Hummer, “Fraternities and Rape on Campus”—What was the “initial case” the authors used to develop a conceptual framework for this study.
Article 31: Page, “Showing My Color” — What does it mean to “show one’s color?”
Article 32: Ezekiel, “The Racist Mind” — The militant white racist movement is composed of people whom? Article 33: Gans, “The Uses of Poverty: The Poor Pay All” — Why does poverty persists?
Article 34: Morris, Grimes, “Moving Up from the Working Class” — What is the term for people’s social connectionism and their social networks?
Article 35: Higley, “The U.S. Upper Class” — What does most research on social inequality focuses on? Article36: Ehrenreich,“NickelandDimed” — Whatwastheprincipalsourceofdisruptioninthelivesofthe workers studied?
Article 37: Coontz, “The American Family” — Compared with the past, How much time do mothers spend with their kids?
Article 45: Miller, “Women in the Military” — What does “gender harassment mean? Who is Gender harassment used against?
