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Know everything about kidneys in the human body


The urinary system

The human eats to meet the need for the elements and energy required and to carry out the various activities of the body.

Where the body leaves more than it needs in the intestines and blood, the urinary system rids the body of liquid wastes called urea.

This system maintains the balance of chemicals within the body, such as sodium and potassium.

Know everything about kidneys in the human body

That is by getting rid of excess elements and maintaining the amount of water in the body.

Large amounts of urea are produced when eating meat, poultry, and some vegetables, which are foods that contain protein.

The blood gets rid of it through the kidneys, which in turn transfers it to the urine along with other waste products.

Location and shape of the kidneys

The kidneys are located in the human body outside the abdominal cavity, in the back region in particular.

Also, they can be located at both ends of the lower spine at the end of the back.

The kidneys, unlike other organs in the abdominal cavity they are located behind the abdominal serous membrane and touch the muscles of the back.

They are surrounded by a layer of fat, its function is to protect the kidneys from damage that can be exposed to them.

The left kidney is slightly higher than the right kidney, and they are not at the same level, and the shape of the kidney is like a bean.

Kidney functions For human body

The kidney is one of the most important vital organs of the body.

Despite its small size, it performs several very important functions for the body.

The kidney rids the human body of toxic elements, as well as purifies the blood of all chemical toxins, so it is considered a filter.

It purifies and filters all the sediments and toxins in the blood, and its work is similar to the work of a water purification plant.

Every normal person has two kidneys, with the possibility that a person also lives with one kidney. One kidney fully performs the same function.

 The task of a kidney is to maintain the correct and close quantities of salts, water, acids and nutrients in the human body.

Also, to get rid of all these substances that come through urea, which is a substance produced from the blood:

  • Purify and filter the blood, and get rid of all toxic substances in the body.
  • Removal of chemical residues of medicines.
  • Maintain the balance of salt and water in the human body.
  • Maintaining the neutralization process of the blood pH (PH), and it should be in this normal ratio (7.4 - 7.2).
  • Performing several hormonal functions; For example, when a person's blood pressure increases, the pressure decreases by secreting the hormone prostaglandin.
  • Bone marrow activation; To form red blood cells and regulate their secretion process, by the kidneys secreting the hormone erythropoietin.
  • Composition of urine; To rid the body of waste products and toxins resulting from various metabolic processes.

Prevention of kidney disease

like the rest of the body's organs, which can be exposed to many problems, or any defect in any of its functions.

So it is possible that the kidneys suffer from a chronic disease, which can be dangerous at times, because of the deposits that occur there.

It affects the renal units inside the kidneys, losing their ability to get rid of waste products, which leads to their accumulation inside the body.

Therefore kidney disorders often occur due to chronic high blood pressure, diabetes, bacterial infections and taking large amounts of drugs and medicines.

Kidney disease can be diagnosed by an elevated level of urea in the blood, and is examined by blood and urine tests, and by ultrasound.

Kidney diseases and their insufficiency in their work can cause water retention in the body, which is called edema weak bones and easy fracture.

A sudden increase in potassium levels, which causes weakness of the heart muscle, and the more these symptoms, the greater the need for dialysis.

Therefore, to preserve the kidneys, and to avoid these diseases, it is recommended to:

  • Continuous and periodic examination of blood and urea levels.
  • Avoid taking any type of medication without consulting a specialised doctor, and do not take large amounts of it permanently, for example: aspirin.
  • Drink plenty of water, and enough of it according to the daily recommended amount.
  • Refrain from smoking and avoid places where smokers are present.
  • Do not abuse alcohol.
  • Maintain a normal body weight.

Kidney transplantation

Surgical transplantation of another person as a donor can be used to treat acute kidney failure in the patient.

The problem with this surgery is that the patient's body does not accept the new kidney.

To avoid this problem, the patient undergoes a series of tests, to ensure the compatibility of the kidney with the body.

However, the kidney transplant patient takes many immuno-reducing drugs, and haemodialysis maybe performed after the operation.

To ensure the compatibility of the new kidney with the body.

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