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Focus on the development, production, sales, engineering design and installation of stage lighting equipment

Basic knowledge of stage lighting technology and industry development
Source: | Author:pmo014dc5 | Publish time: 2019-12-13 | 274 Views | Share:
Since the creation of the stage, the lighting of the stage has become an integral part of the stage. Stage lighting, the emphasis on visual, realistic, aesthetic and performance of the four elements. It has evolved over the years. Gradually developed into today's more perfect and advanced lighting system. The first boom in drama began more than two thousand years ago in ancient Greece. Theaters were open or semi-open. The lighting of the stage depends on the huge "lamp" in the sky -- the sun, so it can only be performed in the daytime. However, the need for rest and entertainment at night, the vulnerability of outdoor performances to the weather, and the development of drama make stage lighting a problem that must be solved.

Whether the performance lighting design is successful is marked by the proper treatment of stage lighting. The stage lighting should not only illuminate the actors and let the audience see their facial expressions, expressions and movements, but also make full use of lighting technology and light operation to enhance the artistic effect and make the audience feel immersive.

The stage lighting is mainly produced by the combination of computer lights and other lamps and lanterns, through different modeling scenes, different color changes, different perspectives, horizontal and vertical light Angle changes and speed, stroboscopic speed, aperture size changes, focal length changes and other comprehensive performance. So, before you can understand the technology of stage lighting, you must master these basics:

I. visible light

Light is radiant energy that travels as electricity in the form of electromagnetic waves. The wavelength range of electromagnetic wave radiation is very wide, and only the part of the wavelength between 380 and 760nm can cause optical vision, known as visible light. Ultraviolet, X-ray and radiation with a wavelength shorter than 380nm; Longer than 760nm of light is infrared, radio waves, etc., they can not produce light vision to the human eye, that is, can not see. Therefore, light is an objective energy and is closely related to people's subjective feelings.

Two, color classification

Color can be divided into two categories: non-color and color. Achromatic refers to the range from white, light grey, grey to dark grey, to black, and is called the white-black series. Pure white is an ideal object that completely reflects light and has a reflectivity of 1; Pure black is an ideal non-reflective object with a reflectivity of 0. So, the non-colored white and black series represents the change in the reflectivity of the object to light. We know, light reflectance and brightness are proportional, the wall of indoor white and ceiling can get taller brightness. Color refers to any color other than the white and black series. Color has three characteristics: hue, lightness and saturation, known as the color of the three elements.

A hue is a representation of the color presented. That is, the names of different colors, such as red, green, blue, and so on. It depends on the wavelength of light. Brightness is the brightness of a color. Different tonal lightness differs somewhat, although same tonal because receive the property of the object surface and light intensity are different also can produce the difference of light and shade, depth. If same is yellow, can have shallow yellow, medium yellow, deep yellow to wait.

The degree of saturation (chroma) indicates the depth (shade) of the color, or the degree of purity, or brightness of the color. The higher the saturation, the deeper the color appears, and the most saturated color is the monochromatic light in visible light. The more white light is added to the spectral color, the less saturated it becomes. For example, red light is more saturated than pink light because pink light is mixed with white light. Generally speaking, in same tonal, lightness changes, saturation also changes accordingly, but the increase of lightness or reduce its saturation is reduced, when lightness is moderate only saturation (purity) just is maximum. But in the feeling that gives a person, always feel always bright bright color looks some more.

Three, three primary color and color matching method

Red, green and blue are called primary colors. The three colors are mixed in different proportions to produce a variety of colors. There are two basic methods for color mixing: additive and subtractive.

Additive mixing is a new way of mixing colors by adding together the parts of the spectrum that different colors occupy when they are mixed. It indicates the color relationship of light plus color mixture. When the three primary colors of red, green and blue are mixed in equal amount,

Red + green = yellow green + blue = blue

Green + red = magenta red + green + blue = white

If the three primary colors are not mixed in equal amounts, various intermediate colors can be obtained, such as:

More red light + less green light = orange light

More red + less blue = pink

Subtractive mixing is the process by which colors are mixed and selectively absorb their respective portions of the spectrum from the incident light to produce a synthetic color effect. Any two colors, when added together to produce white light, are called complementary colors. For example, yellow and blue complement each other, green and red complement each other, magenta and green complement each other. Therefore, yellow, green and magenta are called subtractive blue, subtractive red and subtractive green, which means that the three complementary colors are made by subtracting a corresponding primary color from white light. Therefore yellow, green, magenta can be called subtractive primary colors.

When yellow, magenta, green three subtractive primary colors overlap together will produce black. In the subtractive process, the density changes of the three subtractive primary colors control the absorption ratio of red, green and blue respectively, thus obtaining various mixed colors, which can achieve the same effect of mixing with the additive color method.

Four, color and vision

Colour can give a person cold and warm feeling, distance feeling, size feeling and weight feeling, often make a person try to associate, form different psychological effect thereby, these are the visual habit that people forms for a long time.

Colors can generally be divided into cold, warm, and neutral (intermediate) colors. Colorific cold and warm are the visual reaction that causes to the person according to each kind of colorific and mental association are divided. Red reminds people of the heat of a fire, creating a sense of warmth called warm color. Blue makes a person think of cold water, give a person with cold feeling, it is called cool color. Purple, green is not cold or warm neutral color. Different colors can affect the size of an object's appearance. If several objects of the same size and different colors are put together, the visual perception will produce a pale white object large. Dark black objects are small. In general, white objects look the largest, black objects look the smallest, yellow objects are larger, followed by green, red, and blue.

People still can produce far and near to colorific vision habit feels. Objects of different colors give different visual perception at the same distance. Warm color gives the feeling that moves forward, cool color appears the feeling that is far behind. And the distance that colour gives a person still suffers the influence of setting tonal. For example, blue looks closer to a white background. On a black background, red looks closest, followed by orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple. Using this characteristic can help us to create a color three-dimensional sense, the illusion of distance effect.

The sense of weight of color is also the visual habit that people form for a long time. Generally speaking, white is the lightest and black is the heaviest. Of the three primary colors, green is the lightest, blue is the heaviest, and red is the center. There are two kinds of primary color light equal mixture of color, containing light color appears light, containing heavy color appears heavy. The weight of color is not only reflected by brightness and purity, but also affected by the area occupied by color in the picture. Large areas appear heavier and attract more attention than smaller colors.