Concept of E-Bikes

E-bikes are environment-friendly and are gaining increased popularity in the world as simpler and economical mode of transportation.

For the novices let’s do away with any mumbo-jumbo’s about e-bikes. Let’s dig a little to understand in brief about the fundamental concept of e-bikes and how do they work.

To begin with, electric cycle or e-bike does not ‘look’ disparate from a regular cycle, but the two differ in the mode of operation, it is like riding a regular bike but in a lesser effort.

 Components of an e-bike

Three vital components of an e-bike are motor, battery and the drivetrain.

electric motor

The electric motor is a key component of e-bikes. Most e-bikes have three different compact motors called as the front hub, rear hub and the mid-drive, these motors assist in providing a smooth and natural ride. There are usually two types of e-bikes, the ‘full-power’ ones and the ones which run on ‘power-assist’ technology.

Full-power e-bikes are engineered for minimum pedalling and mounted with larger batteries which makes these bikes heavier.

Power-assisted e-bikes require the rider to pedal more, and the electric power is used when the terrain is rough and difficult or when the rider gets tired. Power-assist e-bikes are great for mountain rides. These bikes are comparatively lighter and have greater range than the fully powered e-bikes.


A battery is the sole source of fuel on which an e-bike runs, and on an average, the battery can give a mileage of up to 60 kmph with a single charge. Depending upon the riding style, which includes three modes pedal only, pedal assist and electric only; the mileage usually ranges between 20- 60 kmph.

The pedal-only mode is quite self-explanatory, the rider uses the pedals like a regular cycle.

The pedal assist mode acts as a booster for the rider while he/she pedals, with little assistance, this mode gives the far greater range as compared with the throttle mode or the ‘electric only’. Most pedal-assist bikes have 4-5 pedal assist settings ranging from low to medium and high.

The ‘electric only’ mode provides the required throttle to the rider without any assistance, and in comparison to the other two modes leads to the maximum drainage.

Charging the battery of e-bike is pretty much like charging any electronic device using a plug-in method. Mostly 3-4 hours charging time is sufficient for a full battery charge.


The drivetrain propels the e-bike with power and torque to move the wheel manually while enabling the rider to shift gears.

The frontal part of the frame of e-bikes is lightweight and is made from aluminum alloy. The lighter frame means a lighter bike, which means the battery runs comparatively longer.

The wheel spokes of e-bikes are sturdier than the ones in regular cycles.


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