Linguistics Discussion the fine points of language history and English semantics and syntaxen-gbxC Debug 7.4.35840When Someone Says That They, 16 Jun 2020 00:40:06 GMT Ng-Thow-Hing someone says that they made dinner for you, does that mean that the person made food meant only for the person, or can there be other people who are eating the dinner that the person made as well?Inflection In Tree Diagrams, 21 May 2020 23:48:26 GMT,how can we show to be verbs in inflection?Modal Verbs, 30 Mar 2020 09:35:13 GMT are modal verbs?Same Sound - Different Letters?, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT have noticed something but I would like to check it with you. What do you think: is there any (but literally any) difference in pronunciation or something related to pronunciation between: right and write and Wright (Mr. Wright) whole and hole weight and wait wrath and rath (circular forth) wreck and reck (care) knew and new wring and ring knight and night kneed and need and similar to that ? [The question is one foot deeper than a normal question of this type. So I do not think about a naïve answer to this.] Does English have a color in it?Generativism?, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT generative gramamr is the concept of Chomsky but then what is generativism? Can somebody guide me on this? Good wishes! collegia'Associated With' Vs 'Associated To'?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT two examples are seen quite often in literature (especially in technical/medical texts), with the former being more common. Are they strictly equivalent? What subtle nuances distinguish the two? Thanks for your comments.International Kangaroo Linguistics Contest Preparation For Student Level, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT, everyone! I need to prepare for IKLC 2017. I have read the syllabus for the contest and there are some terms that I do not understand.Please explain.I also need to know some good ways to prepare for this contest. Please help! The terms and words I do not understand are italicized. Scope of questions: Word and Structure Knowledge: concord, question forms, tenses, conditionals, modals, collocations, phrasal verbs, idioms, homonyms and homophones, words related to weather, countries, language and people, global problems, etc. Reading: search for and retrieve information from various text types like encyclopedias, dictionaries, etc., understand information presented in instruction manual format, message format and others,...The Sound Of Me, 11 Sep 2019 18:36:44 GMT book 647 combination of letters would always produce the sound of "me"?Right On The Money?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT'll throw out the question and then give my thoughts about a potential answer, which I am not convinvced are correct. Where does the phrase "right on the money" or "on the money" come from? (I thought I was wrong after being second-guessed, but it turned out my answer was right on the money.) The phrase has an equivalent meaning to "on the mark," "on target," "on the spot," &c. My intial thought was that this phrase comes from horse racing vernacular. When a horse finishes in a position high enough to provide a pay-out to a bettor, it said to have "run in the money." Similarly, when the horse does not place high enough, it said to have run "out of the money." These make sense, but they are not exactly the same as "on the money."...Segmenting, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT word is partDifferences Between Orthography/Spelling And Pronunciation?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT does the English language have differences between orthography/spelling and pronunciation e.g. silent letters, combinations of letters that are sometimes pronounced and some other times not like "enou gh " and "thou gh " ...etc? could the answer be typed and the information you give could be stated in points e.g. 1. 2. 3. i wish to reply as soon as possible. thanks &gt;"Might", Modal Or Adverb?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT might have a copy in the garage. I'll take a look. Is "might" a modal or an adverb, there? How can we tell?Code Switching Research, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT everyone, I'm Shama from Tunisia. I'm very interested in code switching. In fact, i'm working on my MA thesis and it's about code switching and borrowing on social networking sites (specifically on facebook). I'm still trying to improve the methodology part though and I was wondering whether you guys can give me any feedback. My study will focus on analyzing switching code between 3 lges (french, tunisian arabic and english). But the problem is that not everyone in tunisia speaks english so if i analyzed the participants statuses or msg, their lge choice will depend on whether the person their talking to speaks english or not. and that would jeopardize the sudy's results. so i thought about creating a page on facebook where i can...Cdnuolt Blveiee Taht I Cluod Aulaclty Uesdnatnrd Waht I Was Rdanieg., 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT you can understand the text below, you know you're getting good at English. ;-) Cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid. Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. [link]He Might Come. Or He May Come?, 06 Jan 2020 18:03:18 GMT is difference between these two sentences He might come. or he may come . thanksThe Story Of New Bud, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT, every one! I translated a story in my native language into English. I am wondering whether you guys can understand what the story means so that I put it here. Hope you guys help me correct it as quickly as possible. Thank you so much in advance. Here it is: The story of New Bud Plants sound awake after a long sleep when spring comes. A new bud still asleep suddenly wakes up because of loud sound. It turns out a bird is practicing flying. - I am asleep, just go away. – New Bud shouts angrily. Oh oh … I am so sorry! The young bird is trying to stay balanced as well as saying sorry to New Bud. The Mommy Plant sees and says: - Oh boy, just be comfortable to pass through my...'Will You Come To The Party?'?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT is the normal interpretation of the following sentence? Is it a) a question about what is going to happen b) an invitation? "Will you come to the party?"Transitivity And Voice, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT you change an active voice sentence into a passive voice sentence, does the transitivity of the verb change? For example, do we say "eat" is transitive in "Amy ate the apple" and then say "eat" is intransitive in "The apple was eaten (by Amy)"? According to the definitions "takes an object"/"doesn't take an object", we should, shouldn't we? If that's right, then why do so many grammar books and websites give lists of transitive verbs? As soon as you use it in a passive voice sentence it's no longer a transitive verb. And if that's right, then why mark any verb as transitive? These verbs are always both transitive (when in active voice) and intransitive (when in passive voice). It's interesting, though, that when a grammar book...Tree Structure, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT red 805 is holding the umbrella when she bumped into a man (tree structure)Capitalization, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT purple have been looking up the use of the word Ketamine. I see it with a capital K and without a capital letter, Ketamine and ketamine. Which is the correct form, or should I just choose and be consistent?The Word Chat, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT to segmentsAnswers To Introducing Phonology?, 06 Jan 2020 18:03:18 GMT anybody know where i can find the Answers for the book "Introducing Phonology" from David Odden ?Pictogram -Sentence Using Pictures Only, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT everyone, I'm trying to Google sentence ideas for pictogram I. E. Sentences using pictures only. For example "I dig you" can be portrayed with an eye, a spade and a ewe. I can't find anymore examples though, I don't think my keywords are correct. Can anyone please think of any or perhaps provide links? Thanks so much!Linguistic, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT United Kingdom is a very great kingdom containing many statesLanguage Consists Of Grammaticalized Lexis Not Lexicalized Grammar., 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT do you understand by this statement "language consists of grammaticalized lexis not lexicalized grammar"?Sense And Reference In Semantics?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT eveyone, I studied that: "The German philosopher Gottlob Frege proposed that the meaning of an expression be called sense , and if the expression refers to something, it has reference " but I cannot understand clearly about it Could you explain something about sense and reference in semantics. Could you give me two or more expressions which have the same sense and explain about it? And two or more expressions which have the same referent and explain about it? Plz help me! Thank you very much for helping! Best wishes, CDGrammar?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT blue 338 do we add 's' or 'es' with third person singular verb in present tense?'Ought To' Vs. 'Should.'?, 06 Jan 2020 18:03:18 GMT Writer had an English teacher a long time ago who liked using ought to instead of should . Do you think there is a large difference between these two words? Is ought to more polite than should? Is should more commanding? What is your interpretation of the difference between these two words?I Have Eaten Lunch?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT guys This morning I got a question from a teacher who is now teaching 'present perfect tense' in a high school English class. What he asked me is; What is "I have eaten lunch" most likely to mean in the case no context is given? Does it mean "I finished (eating) lunch just now" or "I ate lunch sometime in the past"? I answered I choose rather the latter, but I was not so sure. Could you tell me your choice and its reason? pacoQuestionnaire For Native Speakers Of US English, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT! I'm a PhD student of linguistics. I'm currently working on a sociolinguistic study and I need native speakers from the US to complete a short questionnaire. It's very simple, you just have to write your response to some everyday situations. It'll take you 15 mins tops. Here's the link to the study: Thanks to anyone who takes the time, it really means a lot to me!Lexis And Structure?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT banana verb and adverbial are respectively also called what?Systemic Functional Grammar?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT walk 681 processes are the verbs remain and last?Help Syntax Analysis?, 06 Jan 2020 18:03:18 GMT I analyzing this sentence in syntax correctly? I don't know how many books you've sold. S = NP + VP NP = I VP = VP(1) + NP(1) VP(1) = [don't [know]] ( don't is a pre-string that modifies the main verb know ) NP(1) = [how many [books] (that) you've sold] ( how many is a pre-string and you've sold is a relative clause as a post-string that modify the main noun books ) Is this correct?Linguistics?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT everyone, I get interesed in linguistics, especially neurolinguistics. I want to ask someone to give me an advice which books should I read and maybe there are some interesting Youtube channels. ThanksWhy Do You Add 'S' To Verbs?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT is a crazy question but I would like to receive any ideas from native English speakers. I sing a song. I sing songs. You sing a song. You sing songs. They sing a song. They sing songs. He sings a song. He sings songs. It (a bird) sings a song. It sings songs. Is there anything in common between the 's' for verbal inflection and the plural 's' as a suffix to a noun? I studied over this 's' very hard and reached an idea that the 's' may have something to do with a linguistic process in which the speaker's cognition of the word changes from superficial definition out of dictionary into real 'things' materialized in the world. When you say 'I', it's me in the real world. When you say 'you', you are in the real world because 'you' is...Old English Alphabets In The Eighteenth-Century Books?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT English books or papers from the latter half of the eighteenth century seem to have a different alphabet for 'S', probably Latin, and it seems at the start of the nineteenth century they adopted at once the use of modern alphabet for 'S' instead. Were the alphabets in use got changed at the turn of the nineteenth century? Otherwise these eighteenth century books seem quite readable and the language understandable - not so with the seventeenth century English books!Grammar Pulp?, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT let's have a closer look at what is considered "available grammar literature". For example, an English coursebook "Language Leader", Intermediate Level . The book itself is not bad, even quite good, but its grammar components, as always, are not worth much. The second chapter has an exercise in which you are supposed to choose between Present Perfect and Past Simple . One of the tasks reads as follows: I have known/knew him for last 10 years. This is the brightest evidence of pulpness, because: A) the correct option, which is Present Perfect Continuous, is not included. B) of two included options the book considers correct the wrong one (Present Perfect). The fact that "to know" is considered by some a "stative" verb,...Free Relative Clauses?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT there, please help me with the following question: Are free relative clauses always noun clauses functioning as subjects/objects? I understand that in the sentence " Whoever has taken my money is a thief," the first part " Whoever has taken my money …" is a free relative clause/noun clause in the role of a subject. Similarly, in the sentence "I see what you mean ," the object "... what you mean " is a free relative clause as well. Are my sentences correctly analyzed? Are free relative clauses always noun clauses? And vice versa: Are all clauses acting as subjects and objects free relative clauses? Thanks for your help in advance.About The Present Perfect..., 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT i know that the present perfect is used to describe something that happened in the past but its still going on.I've been reading and i belive its commonly used to talk about your experiences and i'm pretty confused about what an "experience" would be If i say "I've heard tom sing" means that i'm talking about my experience of hearing tom sing ? what if i say "I heard tom sing"? whats the difference between both ? and how do i write this sentence"I heard/have heard that tom wanted to go to China" TYVMTree Diagram (Syntax), 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT Learner How would the following sentence be charted in a tree diagram? Annie bumped into a man with an umbrella. ( Annie was carrying an umbrella .) I have drawn two diagrams for the above on paper: Which one is more acceptable? I prefer the second one, but a linguist told me the first one is more acceptable in modern syntax because the projections should be binary.Ilias Homer's Poem?, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT Cerqueira question over why Homer's epic poem is called ILIAS in Greek and Germanic language and called ILIAD in English and other language has an explanation in its roots. The epic by Homer is ILIAS, referring to the main character and the title names the hero. The same is Virgil's epic poem of Aeneas the founder of Rome. The suffix -AD in ILI-AD refers to the "epic story of", as also the case of AENEAD, the epic story of Aeneas, or further the stories of LUZOS (Portuguese) that gave Lusi -AD, the "epic history of the Luzos, by Camões.Literary Device: Term?, 06 Jan 2020 18:03:18 GMT blue 483 this sky, these boughs, this gliding façade, this sentence, these words. What is the term for the use of the determiners one after the other at the end of this dependent clause. And what do we say in grammar when 'the word' after the comma, the 'determiner' in this case, doesn't go with the subject. e.g carrying a sky, a boughs, an gliding facade, a sentence, nor words. (The term for when they fit grammatically)Gerund, Participle I, Ing Noun: Could You Give Some Reference As To Reliable Sources Covering Their Functioning And Syntactic Valency?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT aqua 496 everyone. I'd really appreciate if you could refer me to some comprehensive information about these language units. E.G. difference in their functioning, combining power. There are some sources in Russian but authentic materials would be of enormous helpVerb Or Adjective, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT the sentence, (the man who had been lamed by stones) is lamed a verb or adjective?Nominal, Verbal, Adverbial And Prep?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT only have adverbial, verbal, prepositional, prepositions groups. What is the last group, "soaked in water" ? nominal or adverbial ? and who had been soaked in water Conjunctional Group Nominal Group Verbal group Nominal Group Goal Pro: material AttributePrepositional Phrase?, 06 Dec 2019 18:03:18 GMT you breaking down a clause, how do you separate prepositional phrases. Should it be two separate phrases? 4.3 as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church-porch. as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church-porch Conjunctional Group Nominal Group Verbal group Prepositional Prepositional group Actor Pro: material Cir:loc Cir:locMaterial Process?, 06 Oct 2019 18:03:18 GMT I have the following: Is my analysis correct? "Actor" (the one doing the action), "Goal" (the entity affected or changed by the action), "Scope" (the domain over which the action takes place), "Client" (the one who the action provides a service to). 8.6 and ^WHO HAD BEEN stung by nettles, and who had been stung by nettles Conjunctional Group Nominal Group Verbal group Prepositional phrase Goal Pro: material ActorMental Or Relational?, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT'm examining this clause and was confused as to what process it would come under? My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things seems to me to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening Nominal group Verbal group Prepositional phrase Verbal group Prepositional phrase Prepositional phraseSemantics?, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT cat 396 anyone know how to translate "three dogs barked" into predicate logic?Morphology Subject, 06 Nov 2019 18:03:18 GMT algaradi is the difference between immediate and ultimate constituents are with example ? 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