Last Supper


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“Fast of the Firstborn.  Because the Almighty spared the firstborn of the Jews when slaying all the firstborn of the Egyptians, there developed a custom for the firstborn among the Jews to fast on the day before Passover.  However, if the firstborn are invited to a feast in celebration of a religious duty, such as circumcision or redemption of the firstborn, they need not then observe the fast, but may partake of food to celebrate the occasion.  It is therefore the custom for a student of the Law to complete the study of one of the Tractates of the Talmud the day before Passover, so that he may celebrate the occasion by feasting.  Such celebration is known as a siyum, or commencement, and is considered a feast in honor of performing a religious duty   The firstborn of the community are invited by the student to celebrate the siyum with him.  By this invitation, they become exempt from fasting, and donate instead a certain sum of money to charity ".[1]

[1] Hyman E. Goldin, A Treasury of Jewish Holidays (New York: Twayne Publishers, 1952), 135.


Was this why the disciples believe Judas had gone to give something to the poor?


(Joh 13:29)




 "Another custom of emancipation also developed for the day before Passover.  Firstborn sons fast until nightfall; a parent can fast on behalf of the firstborn if he is still a child.  This act signals gratitude that Jewish children were spared when the firstborn of Egypt were decimated in the tenth plague.  In lieu of fasting, a tradition has grown for the firstborn to attend a special occasion called a siyum ( completion ).  An individual or group completes study of a tractate of the Talmud in public and then invites everyone to participate in a seudat mitzvah- the celebration meal that follows.  Those who take part are permitted to eat for the rest of the day as well."[1]

[1] Rabbi Irving Greenberg, The Jewish Way (New York: Simon  and Schuster, 1988), 46.



Tradition states the Last Supper was the Passover Feast, yet Scripture states that the Passover Feast had not taken place yet


The Last Supper clearly was not the Passover Feast

(John 18:28) Then they *led Jesus from Caiaphas into the Praetorium, and it was early; and they themselves did not enter into the Praetorium so that they would not be defiled, but might eat the Passover  NASB


Jesus has been arrested.  Last supper has ended yet Passover Feast has not taken place.




Last supper has ended . If this was the Passover Feast why would they think Judas was going to buy something for the Feast.  Since the Passover Feast takes place on the 15th of Nisan (Lambs sacrificed on the 14th) this would be a Sabbath where no buying or selling can take place.  Who would be out selling items for the Feast on a night when all Jerusalem is to be inside their homes?  No Jews would be out and they would not buy from Gentiles.


(Lev 23:6) 'Then on the fifteenth day of the same month there is the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread.

(Lev 23:7) 'On the first day you shall have a holy convocation; you shall not do any laborious work.

(Lev 23:8) 'But for seven days you shall present an offering by fire to the LORD. On the seventh day is a holy convocation; you shall not do any laborious work.'" NASB


The 15th is a day of rest or Sabbath





(Exo 12:22) "You shall take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood which is in the basin, and apply some of the blood that is in the basin to the lintel and the two door-posts; and none of you shall go outside the door of his house until morning. NASB


If the Last Supper was the Passover Feast then no one can go outside their house until morning yet we see Judas, Jesus and his disciples, as well as the high priest and elders out and about.




Buying and selling is taking place on day of crucifixion yet if Last Supper is Passover Feast that takes place on 15th of Nisan this would be a Sabbath.  No buying or selling allowed on a Sabbath.


(Neh 10:31) As for the peoples of the land who bring wares or any grain on the Sabbath day to sell, we will not buy from them on the Sabbath or a holy day; and we will forego the crops the seventh year and the exaction of every debt.

It violates Jewish law to kindle a fire on a Sabbath.


(Exo 35:3) "You shall not kindle a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day."


(Luke 22:54) Having arrested Him, they led Him away and brought Him to the house of the high priest; but Peter was following at a distance.

(Luke 22:55) After they had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and had sat down together, Peter was sitting among them. NASB



Jesus dies on "Good Thursday" fulfilling the Sign of Jonah exactly, that of being 3 days and 3 nights in the grave.  He could not have died on "Good Friday as this is only 2 days and 2 nights not three days and three nights as scripture and Jesus states. The day of crucifixion could not have been a Sabbath and could not have been the 15th of Nisan.

Jesus Fulfills the Spring Festivals

(Passover, Feast of Unleavened Bread, First Fruits, Pentecost)


Jesus the Lamb of God dies with the Passover Lambs on Passover

(1Co 5:7)



Jesus the Bread of Life is in the grave on the Festival of Unleavened Bread. ( leaven signifies sin in the Bible unleavened without sin)

(Joh 6:51)



Jesus is the First Fruits and his resurrection takes place on the Festival of First Fruits

(1Co 15:20)


(1Co 15:21)


(1Co 15:22)


(1Co 15:23)



On the last of the Spring Festivals, Pentecost, we see the outpouring of the Holy Spirit.

(Act 2:1)


(Act 2:2)


Four Festivals, the Spring Festivals fulfilled in a perfect way and perfect order with Jesus's first coming.  Three Festivals, the Fall Festivals yet to be fulfilled with his second coming.


Does the Hebrew word almah in Isaiah 7:14 mean young woman or virgin?  Forget for a minute that the Greek translation uses the word parthenos which specifically means virgin and the fact this was written over a hundred years before the birth of Christ.  Lets read this passage in context. 

(Isa 7:10)

Then the LORD spoke again to Ahaz, saying,

(Isa 7:11)


(Isa 7:12)


(Isa 7:13)


(Isa 7:14)


Ahaz is asked to request a sign from God that is so huge it is not contained by heaven or earth.  Ahaz is so intimidated he can't do it so God himself gives the sign. A young women will have a baby and name it Immanuel.   Can you imagine what Ahaz was thinking.  " Oh I thought you wanted a sign never seen.  We have 4 young women who are pregnant in our village right now"   Is this the best sign the Lord himself can come up with? It doesnt make sense. The context demands it to be virgin. 

 Is this the sign that stretches to the heavens? The sign that stretches to the heavens is Y'shua, Jesus Christ who came from heaven .  the sign deep as sheol is the sign of Jonah fulfilled by Jesus.  Three days and three nights in the grave  

The Hebrew word "almah H5959 is used only 7 times in scripture.  The very first is in Gen 24:43 and here the almah is most definitely a virgin.

(Gen 24:43)  beholdH2009, R1I am standingH5324 by the N1springH5871a, and may it be that the maidenH5959 who comesH3318 out to drawH7579, and to whom I sayH559, "R2PleaseH4994 let me drinkH8248 a littleH4592 waterH4325 from your jarH3537";


This is in reference to Rebekah

Notice the use of word maiden( a young virgin)  Scripture verifies 100%  not only is she a virgin but as if to say don't make any mistake, that "no man had relations with her

Why do we turn a sign from God into something common.  If Isaiah 7:14 refers to young women this could be fulfilled at any time by almost anyone. This is not a sign from God that stretches to the heavens and to depths of the earth.  But interpreted as it is used in Gen 24:43 only God can have life come from a virgin. God with us Immanuel.

Notice also that the word almah, even in the Jewish Bible is translated as "maiden" in Gen 24:43 and not "young woman"  .  Also it is translated in the Jewish Bible  as maiden in Psalm 68:24, Song of Songs 1:3, Song of Songs 6:8 and as girl in Exodus 6:8.  All are clearly almah and clearly virgin from the context.  So why the switch to a married young woman in Is 7:14.  If this woman is not a virgin and has"known a man" then why does scripture not use the word for married woman.  If this woman was not married scripture would probably call her a harlot which of course does not fit the context.

Of course all is awkward because almah is in fact a virgin just as it is used 6 other places in scripture.


In Isa 9:1 we see the Messiah coming out of Galilee and then in 9:6 we see a child being born

(Isa 9:6)


obviously human who is called by the prophet Isaiah "Mighty God, Eternal Father"  This is Immanuel God among us.





He is the chief cornerstone described in the Psalms and Isaiah 


will not be disturbed.

(Psa 118:22) The stone which the builders rejected Has become the chief corner stone.

(Zec 10:4) "From them (Judah) will come the cornerstone, From them the tent peg, From them the bow of battle, From them every ruler, all of them together.



(1Pe 2:7) This precious value, then, is for you who believe; but for those who disbelieve, "THE STONE WHICH THE BUILDERS REJECTED, THIS BECAME THE VERY CORNER stone,"

(1Pe 2:8) and, "A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE"; for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this doom they were also appointed.


(1Pe 2:10) for you once were NOT A PEOPLE, but now you are THE PEOPLE OF GOD; you had NOT RECEIVED MERCY, but now you have RECEIVED MERCY.