Proton-proton collision

Proton-proton collisions are used in high-energy accelerators, usually for the discovery of new particles. Protons are used for this means generally because they are heavy (1000s times more than electrons) and they are charged, hence they can be accelerated using electric fields and bent into a ring using magnetic fields. When protons collide, it is more complicated than a single point collision. This is because protons are composite particles, made of quarks. A proton is made of two up quarks and one down quark.

A real CMS proton-proton collision, which will produce 4 high energy electrons (green lines and red towers) has been observed in [1]. The yellow lines [1] are the measured tracks of all other particles produced in the collision.

Regarding to my quark model, the 4 high energy electrons is the 2 electrons from each of the 2 protons down quarks shell, and all other particle are positrons. All positrons will then be annihilated in the electron cluster (space atmosphere) we live in and produce gamma ray.

Photo,  Adobe Stock-license


  1.  CMS-PHO-EVENTS-2011-010-4

Quark model

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