double personality

Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Encyclopedia.


the characteristic way that a person thinks, feels, and behaves; the relatively stable and predictable part of a person's thought and behavior; it includes conscious attitudes, values, and styles as well as unconscious conflicts and defense mechanisms. Personality traits are simple features of normal and abnormal personalities. Personality types are categories applicable to both normal and abnormal personalities; usually they belong to a coherent typology, such as introvert/extrovert or oral/anal/phallic.
Early Life and Personality. The newborn comes into the world completely dependent on others for satisfying individual basic human needs. Feelings of security in a relationship with the mother, or an adequate substitute, is the cornerstone of mental health in later years.

As children develop, they need to learn and to meet the day-to-day problems of life, and to master them. In resolving these challenges, one chooses solutions from many possibilities. Psychologists have studied how these choices are made and use technical terms to describe them, such as repression and sublimation. The behavior patterns chosen result in certain character traits which will influence a child's way of meeting the world—whether the child will lead or follow, be conscientious or reckless, imitate his or her parents or prefer to be as different from them as possible, or take a realistic, flexible path between these extremes. The sum total of these traits represents the personality.
The Well-Adjusted Personality. A well-adjusted individual is one who adapts to surroundings. If adaptation is not possible, the individual makes realistic efforts to change the situation, using personal talents and abilities constructively and successfully. The well-adjusted person is realistic and able to face facts whether they are pleasant or unpleasant, and deals with them instead of merely worrying about them or denying them. Well-adjusted mature persons are independent. They form reasoned opinions and then act on them. They seek a reasonable amount of information and advice before making a decision, and once the decision is made, they are willing to face the consequences of it. They do not try to force others to make decisions for them. An ability to love others is typical of the well-adjusted individual. In addition, the mature well adjusted person is also able to enjoy receiving love and affection and can accept a reasonable dependence on others.
alternating personality multiple personality disorder.
cyclothymic personality a temperament characterized by rapid, frequent swings between sad and cheerful moods; see also cyclothymic disorder.
personality disorders a group of mental disorders characterized by enduring, inflexible, and maladaptive personality traits that deviate markedly from cultural expectations, pervade a broad range of situations, and are either a source of subjective distress or a cause of significant impairment in social, occupational, or other functioning. In general, they are difficult both to diagnose and to treat.

Although individuals with a personality disorder can function in day-to-day life, they are hampered both emotionally and psychologically by the maladaptive nature of their disorder, and their chances of forming good relationships and fulfilling their potentialities are poor. In spite of their problems, these patients refuse to acknowledge that anything is wrong and insist that it is the rest of the world that is out of step. Very often their behavior is extremely annoying to those around them.

Personality disorders result from unresolved conflicts, often dating back to childhood. To alleviate the anxiety and depression that accompany these conflicts, the ego uses defense mechanisms. Although defense mechanisms are not pathological in themselves, they become maladaptive in individuals with personality disorders.

The category includes: antisocial personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. Distinguishing one disorder from another can be difficult because the various traits can occur in more than one disorder. For example, patients with borderline personality disorder and those with narcissistic personality disorder both may have a tendency to angry outbursts and may be hindered in forming interpersonal relationships because they often exploit, idealize, or devalue others. The symptoms of a personality disorder may also occur as features of another mental disorder. More than one personality disorder can exist in the same person.

Because patients refuse to admit that there is anything wrong, personality disorders are more difficult to treat than other mental disorders. However, a great deal can be done in many cases, if the therapist can break through a patient's defense mechanisms and help the patient resolve the underlying conflict.
double personality (dual personality) dissociative identity disorder.
hysterical personality former name for histrionic personality disorder.
multiple personality a dissociative disorder in which an individual adopts two or more personalities alternately. See multiple personality disorder.
split personality an obsolete term formerly used colloquially to refer to either schizophrenia or dissociative identity disorder.

double personality

Etymology: L, duplus, double, personalis, of a person
a state of dissociation in which the individual presents personas to others at different times as two different persons, each with a different name and different personality traits. The two personalities are generally independent, contrasting, and unaware of the existence of the other. Also called dual personality. See also dissociative identity disorder.

du·al per·son·al·i·ty

(dū'ăl pĕr'sŏn-al'i-tē)
A form of mental disturbance in which someone assumes alternately two different identities; neither is conscious of the existence of the other.
Synonym(s): double personality.


(per?son-al'it-e) [L. personalitas]
The unique organization of traits, characteristics, and modes of behavior of an individual, setting that individual apart from others and at the same time determining how others react to the individual. Synonym: persona (2) See: personality test

alternating personality

Dissociative identity disorder.

anal personality

In Freudian psychology, a personality disorder marked by excessive orderliness, stinginess, and obstinacy. If carried to an extreme, these qualities lead to the development of obsessive-compulsive behavior.
Synonym: anal characteristic

borderline personality

See: borderline personality disorder

callous-unemotional personality

Abbreviation: CU
A group of personality traits including lack of empathy, manipulativeness, and remorselessness. These traits are considered to be indicators of conduct disorder in childhood and adolescence and are uniquely characteristic of antisocial personality disorder in adults.

compulsive personality

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

distressed personality

Type D personality.

double personality

Dissociative identity disorder.

extroverted personality

See: extrovert

inadequate personality

A personality type in which the individual is ineffective and is physically and emotionally unable to cope with the normal stress of living.

introverted personality

See: introvert (1)

modal personality

The individual traits or characteristics typical of the society in which a person lives.

multiple personality

A term formerly used for dissociative identity disorder. See: dissociative identity disorder

obsessive-compulsive personality

Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

paranoid personality

Paranoid personality disorder.

psychopathic personality

Antisocial personality disorder.

type A personality

See: behavior

type B personality

See: behavior

type D personality

A personality type in which the individual is inhibited and uncomfortable in social situations, has difficulty making friends, and who tends to experience, but repress, feelings of anger, anxiety, depression, and discontent with others. Some studies have found correlations between this personality type and an increased risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Synonym: distressed personality
References in periodicals archive ?
An allegory of the double personality, this story has been called one of Poe's best.