Vacuum polarization by a magnetic flux of special rectangular form
We consider the ground state energy of a spinor field in the background of a square well shaped magnetic flux tube. We use the zeta- function regularization and express the ground state energy as an integral involving the Jost function of a two dimensional scattering problem. We perform the renormalization by subtracting the contributions from first several heat kernel coefficients. The ground state energy is presented as a convergent expression suited for numerical evaluation. We discuss corresponding numerical calculations. Using the uniform asymptotic expansion of the special functions entering the Jost function we are able to calculate higher order heat kernel coefficients.