First-Order Phase Transition in Potts Models with finite-range interactions
We consider the $Q$-state Potts model on $\mathbb Z^d$, $Q\ge 3$, $d\ge 2$, with Kac ferromagnetic interactions and scaling parameter $\ga$. We prove the existence of a first order phase transition for large but finite potential ranges. More precisely we prove that for $\ga$ small enough there is a value of the temperature at which coexist $Q+1$ Gibbs states. The proof is obtained by a perturbation around mean-field using Pirogov-Sinai theory. The result is valid in particular for $d=2$, Q=3, in contrast with the case of nearest-neighbor interactions for which available results indicate a second order phase transition. Putting both results together provides an example of a system which undergoes a transition from second to first order phase transition by changing only the finite range of the interaction.