Scaling Behavior and Universality near the Quantum Hall Transition
A two-dimensional lattice system of non-interacting electrons in a homogeneous magnetic field with half a flux quantum per plaquette and a random potential is considered. For the large scale behavior a supersymmetric theory with collective fields is constructed and studied within saddle point approximation and fluctuations. The model is characterized by a broken supersymmetry indicating that only the fermion collective field becomes delocalized whereas the boson field is exponentially localized. Power counting for the fluctuation terms suggests that the interactions between delocalized fluctuations are irrelevant. Several quasi--scaling regimes, separated by large cross--over lengths, are found with effective exponents $\nu$ for the localization length $\xi_l$. In the asymptotic regime there is $\nu=1/2$ in agreement with an earlier calculation of Affleck and one by Ludwig et al. for finite density of states. The effective exponent, relevant for physical system, is $\nu=1$ where the coefficient of $\xi_l$ is growing with randomness. This is in agreement with recent high precision measurements on Si MOSFET and AlGaAs/GaAs samples.