Context: Some systems are capable of multipoint conferencing with no MCU, stand-alone, embedded or otherwise. These use a standards-based H.323 technique known as "decentralized multipoint", where each station in a multipoint call exchanges video and audio directly with the other stations with no central "manager" or other bottleneck. The advantages of this technique are that the video and audio will generally be of higher quality because they don't have to be relayed through a central point. Also, users can make ad-hoc multipoint calls without any concern for the availability or control of an MCU. This added convenience and quality comes at the expense of some increased network bandwidth, because every station must transmit to every other station directly.

Question: What do systems with no MCU use in order to perform multipoint conferencing?
Answer: a standards-based H.323 technique

Question: What is one advantage of using an H.323 technique?
Answer: higher quality

Question: What is one disadvantage of using the H.323 technique?
Answer: increased network bandwidth

Question: What is the H.323 technique also known as?
Answer: decentralized multipoint

Question: Why is the video and audio of the H.323 technique higher quality?
Answer: they don't have to be relayed through a central point

Question: What is capable of multipoint conferencing without the H.323 technique?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What technique is used that transmits to an MCU?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What is a main disadvantage of using an MCU technique?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What do systems that use an MCU, use for video conferencing?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What are the advantages of using ad-hoc multipoint calls?
Answer: Unanswerable