Context: The rise of Islam, based on both the Qur'an and Muhammad strongly altered the power balances and perceptions of origin of power in the Mediterranean region. Early Islamic philosophy emphasized an inexorable link between science and religion, and the process of ijtihad to find truth—in effect all philosophy was "political" as it had real implications for governance. This view was challenged by the "rationalist" Mutazilite philosophers, who held a more Hellenic view, reason above revelation, and as such are known to modern scholars as the first speculative theologians of Islam; they were supported by a secular aristocracy who sought freedom of action independent of the Caliphate. By the late ancient period, however, the "traditionalist" Asharite view of Islam had in general triumphed. According to the Asharites, reason must be subordinate to the Quran and the Sunna.

Question: What strongly altered the power balances and perceptions of origin of power in the Mediterranean region?
Answer: The rise of Islam

Question: What emphasized an inexorable link between science and religion?
Answer: Early Islamic philosophy

Question: Who challenged the early Islamic philosophy's views?
Answer: the "rationalist" Mutazilite philosophers

Question: What type of views did the "rationalist" Mutaziite philosophers hold?
Answer: Hellenic view

Question: What help to balance the power in the Mediterranean region?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What early philosophy emphasize a separation between science and religion?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What philosophers placed revelation above reason?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Who were the first theologies of Islam?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Who said the Koran must be subordinate to reason?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What focused on a link between reason and freedom of action?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: The rise of what was based on modern scholars views and science?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What group challenged the Hellenic view of Islam?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What must reason be subordinate to according to Mutazilite philosophers?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What process did speculative theologians use to find truth?
Answer: Unanswerable