Context: During the rule of the Fatimid and Mamluk dynasties and their successor states in the medieval Middle East, many of the ruling elite founded madaris through a religious endowment known as the waqf. Not only was the madrasa a potent symbol of status but it was an effective means of transmitting wealth and status to their descendants. Especially during the Mamlūk period, when only former slaves could assume power, the sons of the ruling Mamlūk elite were unable to inherit. Guaranteed positions within the new madaris thus allowed them to maintain status. Madaris built in this period include the Mosque-Madrasah of Sultan Ḥasan in Cairo.

Question: Which class of people founded the madaris during the medieval period?
Answer: ruling elite

Question: How were the madaris funded during the medieval period?
Answer: through a religious endowment

Question: What class of people inherited status during the Mamluk Period?
Answer: former slaves

Question: What allowed the ruling elite to maintain power during the Mamluk period?
Answer: Guaranteed positions within the new madaris

Question: In what city was the Mosque-Madrasah of Sultan Hasan?
Answer: Cairo

Question: Which class of people founded the madaris during the ancient period?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question:  How were the madaris funded during the prehistoric period?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question:  What class of people rejected status during the Mamluk Period?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What allowed the plebeians to maintain power during the Mamluk period?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What city rejected the Mosque-Madrasah of Sultan Hasan?
Answer: Unanswerable