Context: The failure of democratic parties to prevent fascism from taking over Austrian politics in the 1920s and 1930s traumatised Popper. He suffered from the direct consequences of this failure, since events after the Anschluss, the annexation of Austria by the German Reich in 1938, forced him into permanent exile. His most important works in the field of social science—The Poverty of Historicism (1944) and The Open Society and Its Enemies (1945)—were inspired by his reflection on the events of his time and represented, in a sense, a reaction to the prevalent totalitarian ideologies that then dominated Central European politics. His books defended democratic liberalism as a social and political philosophy. They also represented extensive critiques of the philosophical presuppositions underpinning all forms of totalitarianism.

Question: What political ideology dominated Austrian politics in the decades before the second world war?
Answer: fascism

Question: What key event in 1938 pushed Popper into exile from Austria?
Answer: the Anschluss

Question: What political ideology do Popper's major works defend?
Answer: democratic liberalism

Question: What form of political organization do Popper's works mainly critique?
Answer: totalitarianism

Question: What was the Anschluss?
Answer: the annexation of Austria by the German Reich

Question: What prevented fascism from taking over Austrian politics?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: In what years was fascism prevented from taking over?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What forced Popper to come out of exile?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What was one of Popper's least important works?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Whose books critiqued democratic liberalism as a social and political philosophy?
Answer: Unanswerable