Context: The superstructure of a carrier (such as the bridge, flight control tower) are concentrated in a relatively small area called an island, a feature pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923. While the island is usually built on the starboard side of the fight deck, the Japanese aircraft carriers Akagi and Hiryū had their islands built on the port side. Very few carriers have been designed or built without an island. The flush deck configuration proved to have significant drawbacks, primary of which was management of the exhaust from the power plant. Fumes coming across the deck were a major issue in USS Langley. In addition, lack of an island meant difficulties managing the flight deck, performing air traffic control, a lack of radar housing placements and problems with navigating and controlling the ship itself.

Question: What feature was pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1923?
Answer: an island

Question: What is concentrated in the small area called an island?
Answer: The superstructure of a carrier

Question: Other than Japanese carriers, which side of the flight deck are islands typically built on?
Answer: starboard

Question: What was the biggest drawback to the flush deck configuration?
Answer: management of the exhaust from the power plant

Question: What was a major issue in the USS Langley?
Answer: Fumes coming across the deck

Question: What feature was pioneered on the HMS Hermes in 1932?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What is concentrated in the large area called an island?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Other than Chinese carriers, which side of the flight deck are islands typically built on?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What was the biggest advantage to the flush deck configuration?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What was a minor issue in the USS Langley?
Answer: Unanswerable