Context: Commentaries dealing with the zahir (outward aspects) of the text are called tafsir, and hermeneutic and esoteric commentaries dealing with the batin are called ta'wil ("interpretation" or "explanation"), which involves taking the text back to its beginning. Commentators with an esoteric slant believe that the ultimate meaning of the Quran is known only to God. In contrast, Quranic literalism, followed by Salafis and Zahiris, is the belief that the Quran should only be taken at its apparent meaning.[citation needed]

Question: What is the Arabic term for the surface-level aspects of a text?
Answer: zahir

Question: What Arabic term applies to interpretations aimed at the deeper, esoteric meanings of a text?
Answer: ta'wil

Question: Who is the only one who ever knows the full meaning of Quranic verses in the esoteric view?
Answer: God

Question: Which two groups are examples of Muslims who advocate a very literal reading of the Quran?
Answer: Salafis and Zahiris

Question: What is the Jewish term for the surface-level aspects of a text?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What is the Arabic term for the surface-level aspects of a song?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What Arabic term applies to misinterpretations aimed at the deeper, esoteric meanings of a text?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Who is the only one who ever knows the partial meaning of Quranic verses in the esoteric view?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Which two groups are examples of Muslims who advocate a very unliteral reading of the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable