Context: Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotional energy during face-to-face interactions. Emotional energy is considered to be a feeling of confidence to take action and a boldness that one experiences when they are charged up from the collective effervescence generated during group gatherings that reach high levels of intensity.

Question: Who came up with the interaction ritual theory?
Answer: Randall Collins

Question: From what work of Durkheim's was interaction ritual theory derived?
Answer: totemic rituals

Question: In addition to Durkheim, whose work influenced the development of interaction ritual theory?
Answer: Goffman

Question: What is the term for a feeling of confidence to take action?
Answer: Emotional energy

Question: What is the term for the energy generated during group gatherings, such as totemic rituals?
Answer: collective effervescence

Question: Who rejected the interaction ritual theory?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: From what work of Durkheim's wasn't interaction ritual theory derived?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: In addition to Durkheim, whose work didn't influence the development of interaction ritual theory?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question:  What is the term for a feeling of confidence to not take action?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: What is the term for the energy not generated during group gatherings, such as totemic rituals?
Answer: Unanswerable