Context: In a course at the LSA summer institute in 1991, Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky developed optimality theory—an overall architecture for phonology according to which languages choose a pronunciation of a word that best satisfies a list of constraints ordered by importance; a lower-ranked constraint can be violated when the violation is necessary in order to obey a higher-ranked constraint. The approach was soon extended to morphology by John McCarthy and Alan Prince, and has become a dominant trend in phonology. The appeal to phonetic grounding of constraints and representational elements (e.g. features) in various approaches has been criticized by proponents of 'substance-free phonology', especially Mark Hale and Charles Reiss.

Question: When did Prince and Smolensky develop their theory?
Answer: 1991

Question: Where was optimality theory created?
Answer: LSA summer institute

Question: Aside from Alan Prince who brought optimality theory to morphology?
Answer: John McCarthy

Question: Who were prominent critics of optimality theory?
Answer: Mark Hale and Charles Reiss

Question: When did Prince and Smolensky develop pronunciation?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Where was dominant theory created?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Aside from Alan Prince who brought dominant theory to morphology?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Who were prominent critics of dominant theory?
Answer: Unanswerable

Question: Who are proponents of dominant phonology?
Answer: Unanswerable