( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Municipal ) ( NN bond ) ( NNS analysts ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NN sell-off ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN triggered ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NP ( NNS concerns ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ financial ) ( NN health ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS rumors ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 900 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( NN bond ) ( NN offering ) ) ( VP ( VBG coming ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB soon ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ political ) ( NN uncertainty ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Municipal bond analysts said the sell-off was triggered by concerns about the city 's financial health rumors of a 900 million bond offering coming soon and political uncertainty


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT A ) ( NN spokesman ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VP ( MD would ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VB confirm ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN size ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN bond ) ( NN issue ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ( VP ( VB say ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( JJ general ) ( NN obligation ) ( NN offering ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-PRD ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS works ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN priced ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB sometime ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ next ) ( CD two ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN before ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP November ) ( JJ mayoral ) ( NN election ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A spokesman for the city would n't confirm the size of the bond issue but did say that a general obligation offering is in the works and should be priced sometime in the next two weeks before the November mayoral election


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ General ) ( NN obligation ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN backed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ overall ) ( NNS revenues ) ( CC and ) ( NN credit ) ) ) ) ) )

General obligation bonds are backed by the city 's overall revenues and credit


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN Although ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ many ) ( NNS investors ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ aware ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT a ) ( NN bond ) ( NN offering ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBG being ) ( VP ( VBN scheduled ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT many ) ) ( VP ( VBD expected ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( RB much ) ( JJR smaller ) ) ( NN amount ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN sold ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Although many investors were aware that a bond offering was being scheduled many expected a much smaller amount of bonds to be sold


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( NN fact ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB issue ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ such ) ( DT a ) ( JJ large ) ( NN amount ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN debt ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN interpreted ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN sign ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ budgetary ) ( NNS problems ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RBR more ) ( JJ serious ) ) ( SBAR ( IN than ) ( S ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN expected ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The fact that the city will issue such a large amount of debt was interpreted as a sign that New York 's budgetary problems are more serious than had been expected


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ) ( NP ( NP ( CD one ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN nation ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJS largest ) ( NNS issuers ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ tax-exempt ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD sold ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 750 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ municipal ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( NP ( RB just ) ( DT a ) ( JJ few ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ( RB ago ) ) ) )

New York one of the nation 's largest issuers of tax-exempt bonds sold 750 million of municipal bonds just a few weeks ago


( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX There ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( NP-PRD ( NNS reports ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNS months ) ) ) ( SBAR-1 ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN economy ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG weakening ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT the ) ( NNP October ) ( CD 1987 ) ( NN stock ) ( NN market ) ( NN crash ) ) ( VP ( VBZ continues ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP itself ) ) ( VP ( VBN felt ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

There have been reports for months that the city 's economy is weakening as the October 1987 stock market crash continues to make itself felt


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ recent ) ( JJ sharp ) ( NN stock ) ( NN market ) ( NN decline ) ) ( VP ( VBD exacerbated ) ( NP ( DT those ) ( NNS concerns ) ) ) )

The recent sharp stock market decline exacerbated those concerns


( S ( ADVP ( RB Meanwhile ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NN tax ) ( NNS revenues ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBG falling ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN while ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN spending ) ( NNS needs ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBG expanding ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Meanwhile tax revenues are falling while the city 's spending needs are expanding


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Rumors ) ) ( VP ( VBD persisted ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN credit ) ( NNS ratings ) ) ( PRN ( ADJP ( ADJP ( JJ single-A ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Moody ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNPS Investors ) ( NNP Service ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( JJ single-A-minus ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Standard ) ( CC & ) ( NNP Poor ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Corp. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( PP-PRD ( IN at ) ( NP ( NN risk ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Rumors persisted last week that New York 's credit ratings single-A from Moody 's Investors Service Inc. and single-A-minus from Standard & Poor 's Corp. are at risk


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN weakness ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP City ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ follows ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN warning ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NN state ) ( NN Comptroller ) ) ( NP ( NNP Edward ) ( NNP Regan ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( CD 1987 ) ( NN crash ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB seriously ) ) ( VP ( VBD weakened ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The weakness in New York City bonds follows a warning from New York state Comptroller Edward Regan that the 1987 crash seriously weakened the city 's economy


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN study ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN comptroller ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN glory ) ( NNS days ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( PP-PRD ( RP over ) ) ) ) ) )

In a study the comptroller said The city 's glory days are over


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Regan ) ) ( VP ( VBD warned ) ( NP-2 ( JJ mayoral ) ( NNS candidates ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ prepared ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( JJ limited ) ( NNS options ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS constraints ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NN service ) ( NNS increases ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB address ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS problems ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ next ) ( JJ few ) ( NNS years ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-PRP ( JJ due ) ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ now-evident ) ( NN weakening ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP City ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Regan warned mayoral candidates to be prepared for limited options and constraints on service increases to address the city 's problems in the next few years due to the now-evident weakening in the New York City economy


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP City ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ revised ) ( JJ financial ) ( NN plan ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ due ) ( ADVP ( RB out ) ) ( NP-TMP ( RB later ) ( DT this ) ( NN month ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN expected ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB include ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS measures ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB balance ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 27 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( NN budget ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

New York City 's revised financial plan due out later this month is expected to include measures to balance the city 's 27 billion budget


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN At ) ( NP ( NN present ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS analysts ) ) ( VP ( VBP project ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN budget ) ( NN gap ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN order ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 500 ) ( CD million ) ( TO to ) ( CD 600 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ fiscal ) ( NN year ) ) ( VP ( VBG ending ) ( NP-TMP-CLR ( NNP June ) ( CD 30 ) ( CD 1990 ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN although ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ own ) ( NN budget ) ( NNS analysts ) ) ( VP ( VBP project ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJR narrower ) ( NN deficit ) ) ) ) ) ) )

At present analysts project a budget gap on the order of 500 million to 600 million for the fiscal year ending June 30 1990 although the city 's own budget analysts project a narrower deficit


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mark ) ( NNP Page ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN deputy ) ( NN director ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN finance ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( NNS investors ) ( POS ' ) ) ( NNS concerns ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ financial ) ( NN health ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ unwarranted ) ) ( PP ( VBN given ) ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( VBN proven ) ( NN ability ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB manage ) ( NP ( PRP ourselves ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mark Page New York 's deputy director of finance said that investors ' concerns about the city 's financial health are unwarranted given our proven ability to manage ourselves


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBZ charges ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS critics ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG spreading ) ( NP ( JJ unfounded ) ( JJ emotional ) ( NN rhetoric ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He charges the city 's critics with spreading unfounded emotional rhetoric


( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX There ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NNS questions ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( SBAR-NOM ( IN whether ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( JJ new ) ( CC and ) ( JJ inexperienced ) ( NN mayor ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB manage ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN city ) ) ( PP ( IN through ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB become ) ( NP-PRD ( DT a ) ( JJ financial ) ( NN crisis ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

There are also questions about whether a new and inexperienced mayor can manage the city through what could become a financial crisis


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT The ) ( VBG leading ) ( NN contender ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ mayoral ) ( NN office ) ) ( NP ( NNP Democrat ) ( NNP David ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN criticized ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB recently ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN way ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD handled ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ personal ) ( JJ financial ) ( NNS affairs ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The leading contender for the mayoral office Democrat David Dinkins has been criticized recently for the way he handled his personal financial affairs


( S ( CC And ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN controversy ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN led ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NN uncertainty ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN outcome ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN election ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

And the controversy has led to uncertainty about the outcome of the election


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN Until ) ( NP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN considered ) ( S ( NP-PRD ( DT a ) ( NN shoo-in ) ) ) ) ) )

Until last week Mr. Dinkins was considered a shoo-in


( SINV ( S-TPC-2 ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN market ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB adjust ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ good ) ( NN news ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( JJ bad ) ( NN news ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN uncertainty ) ) ( VP ( VBZ drives ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS people ) ) ( ADVP-PRD ( RB wild ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Bernard ) ( NNP B. ) ( NNP Beal ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ chief ) ( NN executive ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP M.R. ) ( NNP Beal ) ( CC & ) ( NNP Co. ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNS securities ) ( NN firm ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ specializes ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ municipal ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The market can adjust to good news or bad news but uncertainty drives people wild said Bernard B. Beal chief executive of M.R. Beal & Co. a securities firm that specializes in the municipal market


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN Until ) ( NP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NN Everyone ) ) ( VP ( VBD felt ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ certain ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD knew ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN outcome ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN election ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Until last week Everyone felt certain they knew the outcome of the election


( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB Now ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN number ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS questions ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN raised ) ) ) ) ) )

Now there have been a number of questions raised


( S ( NP-TMP ( JJ Last ) ( NN week ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS yields ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ long-term ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP City ) ( JJ general ) ( NN obligation ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD jumped ) ( NP-EXT ( PDT half ) ( DT a ) ( NN percentage ) ( NN point ) ) ) )

Last week yields on long-term New York City general obligation bonds jumped half a percentage point


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP City ) ( POS 's ) ) ( ADJP ( CD 6 ) ( NN % ) ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ due ) ( NP-TMP ( CD 2018 ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN example ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBN quoted ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ late ) ( NNP Friday ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN price ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB yield ) ( NP ( CD 7.80 ) ( NN % ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( VBN compared ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( CD 7.60 ) ( NN % ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NNP Thursday ) ) ) ) ) ) )

New York City 's 6 % bonds due 2018 for example were quoted late Friday at a price to yield 7.80 % compared with 7.60 % Thursday


( S ( SBAR-TMP ( IN As ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN yield ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( JJ general ) ( NN obligation ) ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD rose ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Bond ) ( NNP Buyer ) ( JJ 20-bond ) ( JJ general ) ( NN obligation ) ( NN index ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( RB mostly ) ( RB widely ) ( JJ followed ) ) ( NN gauge ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ tax-exempt ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD held ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB steady ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( CD 7.19 ) ( NN % ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN week ) ) ( VP ( VBN ended ) ( NP-TMP-CLR ( NNP Oct. ) ( CD 19 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

As the yield on New York general obligation bonds rose the Bond Buyer 20-bond general obligation index the mostly widely followed gauge of the tax-exempt market held steady at 7.19 % in the week ended Oct. 19


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Stoneridge ) ( NNPS Resources ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB begin ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN offering ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS rights ) ) ) ( UCP ( ADJP ( JJ equivalent ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 2.6 ) ( CD million ) ) ( JJ common ) ( NNS shares ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBN valued ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( CD 22,750,000 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Stoneridge Resources Inc. said it will begin an offering of rights equivalent to 2.6 million common shares and valued at 22,750,000


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Bloomfield ) ( NNPS Hills ) ( JJ Mich.-based ) ( NN real-estate ) ( NN holding ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB offer ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS rights ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 8.75 ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN share ) ) ) ) ( PP-DTV ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS shareholders ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN record ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP Oct. ) ( CD 26 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Bloomfield Hills Mich.-based real-estate holding company said it will offer the rights at 8.75 a share to shareholders of record on Oct. 26


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( NN offering ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN scheduled ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB expire ) ( PP-TMP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP Nov. ) ( CD 30 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The offering is scheduled to expire on Nov. 30


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB use ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS proceeds ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN offering ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NN debt ) ( NN reduction ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ general ) ( JJ corporate ) ( NNS purposes ) ) ( PP ( VBG including ) ( NP ( NNS acquisitions ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The company said it will use the proceeds of the offering for debt reduction and general corporate purposes including acquisitions


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Stockholders ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB buy ) ( NP ( NP ( CD one ) ( NN share ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN subscription ) ( NN price ) ) ) ( PP-1 ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT every ) ( CD four ) ( NNS shares ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN stock ) ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP own ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Stockholders may buy one share at the subscription price for every four shares of stock they own


( S ( S-TPC-2 ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Stockholders ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP exercise ) ( NP ( DT all ) ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS rights ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB buy ) ( NP ( JJ additional ) ( NNS shares ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ) )

Stockholders who exercise all their rights may buy additional shares the company said


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN option ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB increase ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN offering ) ) ( PP-EXT ( IN by ) ( NP ( QP ( IN up ) ( TO to ) ( CD 350,000 ) ) ( NNS shares ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The company said it has an option to increase the offering by up to 350,000 shares


( X ( ADVP-TMP ( RB First ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( RB somewhat ) ( JJ affected ) ( NN idealism ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS 1960s ) ) ) ) )

First the somewhat affected idealism of the 1960s


( X ( ADVP-TMP ( RB Then ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ all-too-sincere ) ( NN opportunism ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS 1970s ) ( CC and ) ( NNS 1980s ) ) ) ) )

Then the all-too-sincere opportunism of the 1970s and 1980s


( X ( SBARQ ( WHNP ( WP What ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ) )

What now


( S ( S-ADV ( VP ( TO To ) ( VP ( VB judge ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS novels ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP mirror ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ contemporary ) ( NN scene ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP we ) ) ( VP ( VBP 're ) ( ADVP-PRD ( RB back ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN age ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN anxiety ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

To judge from novels that mirror the contemporary scene we 're back in the age of anxiety


( S ( SBAR-LOC ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB Where ) ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ-4 ( NNS '60s ) ( NNS dropouts ) ) ( VP ( VBD professed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB scorn ) ( NP ( NN middle-class ) ( NN life ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( JJ ambitious ) ( NNS yuppies ) ) ( VP ( VBD hoped ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB leave ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB far ) ( RB behind ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD scaled ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ upper ) ( NNS reaches ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN success ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( VP ( VBZ seems ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( RB so ) ( JJ many ) ( NNS people ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP feel ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP 're ) ( VP ( VBG slipping ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN between ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS cracks ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-5 ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NN middle-class ) ( NN life ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN viewed ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NN nostalgia ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( JJ outright ) ( NN longing ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Where '60s dropouts professed to scorn middle-class life and ambitious yuppies hoped to leave it far behind as they scaled the upper reaches of success it now seems that so many people feel they 're slipping between the cracks that middle-class life is viewed with nostalgia or outright longing


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( NNP Lisa ) ( NNP Zeidner ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ third ) ( NN novel ) ) ( NP ( NP-TTL ( JJ Limited ) ( NNS Partnerships ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( NNP North ) ( NNP Point ) ( NNP Press ) ) ( NP ( CD 256 ) ( NNS pages ) ) ( NP ( CD 18.95 ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( JJ stylish ) ( JJ funny ) ( CC and ) ( JJ thoughtful ) ) ( NN look ) ) ( PP ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN way ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NN love ) ( NNS relationships ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( JJ affected ) ( PP-LGS ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS pressures ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN money ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( ADVP ( RBR more ) ( RB specifically ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN lack ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Lisa Zeidner 's third novel Limited Partnerships North Point Press 256 pages 18.95 is a stylish funny and thoughtful look at the way love relationships are affected by the pressures of money or more specifically the lack of it


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( NNP Nora ) ( NNP Worth ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNP Malcolm ) ( NNP DeWitt ) ) ) ( NP ( CD 33 ) ( CC and ) ( CD 39 ) ) ( ADVP ( RB respectively ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP live ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB together ) ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN townhouse ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ transitional ) ( NNP Philadelphia ) ( NN neighborhood ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Nora Worth and Malcolm DeWitt 33 and 39 respectively live together in a townhouse in a transitional Philadelphia neighborhood


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Malcolm ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ former ) ( NN film-maker ) ) ( VP ( VBD turned ) ( NP-PRD ( NN architect ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( ADVP ( RB just ) ) ( VP ( VBN seen ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ first ) ( JJ big ) ( NN chance ) ) ( PP ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ lucrative ) ( NN commission ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VB turn ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN dust ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN arrest ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ shady ) ( JJ obnoxious ) ( NN client ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ fly-by-night ) ( JJ real ) ( NN estate ) ( NN developer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Malcolm a former film-maker turned architect has just seen his first big chance at a lucrative commission turn to dust with the arrest of his shady obnoxious client a fly-by-night real estate developer


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Nora ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB still ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( JJ artistic ) ( NNS aspirations ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ knows ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP she ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ lucky ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VP ( VBG working ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN food ) ( NN stylist ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBG prepping ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS pies ) ) ( NP ( NNS burgers ) ) ( NP ( JJ frosty ) ( JJ cold ) ( NNS drinks ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NNS comestibles ) ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB look ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB as ) ( JJ appetizing ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( ADJP ( JJ possible ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NN front ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN camera ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Nora who still has artistic aspirations knows she is lucky to be working as a food stylist prepping pies burgers frosty cold drinks and other comestibles to look as appetizing as possible in front of the camera


( S ( PP ( IN After ) ( NP ( DT all ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP she ) ) ( VP ( VBZ reasons ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NNS housewives ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNPS Nikons ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS degrees ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NN cooking ) ( NNS schools ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP France ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB kill ) ( PP-PRP ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ her ) ( NN job ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

After all she reasons there were housewives with Nikons and degrees from cooking schools in France who would kill for her job


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Nora ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Malcolm ) ) ( VP ( VBP feel ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ trapped ) ) ) )

But Nora and Malcolm feel trapped


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP They ) ) ( VP ( VBP seem ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBG having ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS worst ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT both ) ( NNS worlds ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ artistic ) ( NN work ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NN none ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN art ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN integrity ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( DT no ) ( NN control ) ) ( PP ( IN over ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ finished ) ( NN product ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN self-employment ) ) ( PP ( IN without ) ( NP ( NN fun ) ( CC or ) ( NN profit ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

They seem to be having the worst of both worlds artistic work with none of art 's integrity and no control over the finished product self-employment without fun or profit


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN downbeat ) ( JJ thirtysomething ) ( NN world ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-4 ( IN in ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ bright ) ( RB still ) ( JJ youngish ) ( NNS people ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN engaged ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ glossy ) ( NN version ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN day ) ( NN labor ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG doing ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ free-lance ) ( JJ semi-professional ) ( NN work ) ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ brings ) ( NP ( JJ little ) ( NN satisfaction ) ( CC or ) ( NN security ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-3 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP know ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-5 ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ grateful ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB do ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It 's a downbeat thirtysomething world in which bright still youngish people are engaged in a glossy version of day labor doing free-lance semi-professional work that brings little satisfaction or security but that they know they should be grateful to do


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Uncertainty ) ) ( VP ( VBZ dogs ) ( NP ( NP ( DT every ) ( NN aspect ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS lives ) ) ) ) ) )

Uncertainty dogs every aspect of their lives


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Malcolm ) ) ( VP ( VBZ faces ) ( NP ( NP ( NN bankruptcy ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( NNP IRS ) ( NN audit ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Nora ) ) ( VP ( VBZ finds ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ extra ) ( CD 30,000 ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( PRP$ her ) ( NN bank ) ( NN account ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( ADVP-TMP ( RB suddenly ) ) ( VP ( VBG increasing ) ( NP ( PRP$ her ) ( JJ available ) ( NNS funds ) ) ( NP-EXT ( DT some ) ( RB fifteenfold ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Malcolm faces bankruptcy and an IRS audit but Nora finds an extra 30,000 in her bank account suddenly increasing her available funds some fifteenfold


( S ( SBAR-TMP ( IN While ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP she ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG wondering ) ( SBAR ( IN whether ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB live ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ( PRT ( RB up ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VB do ) ( NP ( NP ( NN something ) ) ( ADJP ( RB even ) ( RBR more ) ( JJ dramatic ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VB say ) ( S ( VP ( VB get ) ( VP ( VBN married ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ her ) ( NN life ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RBR further ) ( JJ complicated ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN reappearance ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ old ) ( NN flame ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP David ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN film ) ( NN critic ) ( CC and ) ( NN actor ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB always ) ) ( VP ( VBZ seems ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( PP-PRD ( ADVP ( JJ just ) ) ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN brink ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN stardom ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

While she is wondering whether to live it up and do something even more dramatic say get married her life is further complicated by the reappearance of an old flame David a film critic and actor who always seems to be just on the brink of stardom


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS novels ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJR earlier ) ( NN vintage ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP David ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( VP ( VBN represented ) ( NP-2 ( NN excitement ) ( CC and ) ( NN danger ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ=1 ( NNP Malcolm ) ) ( NP=2 ( JJ placid ) ( NN middle-class ) ( NN security ) ) ) )

In novels of an earlier vintage David would have represented excitement and danger Malcolm placid middle-class security


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN irony ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN novel ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT neither ) ( NN man ) ) ( VP ( VBZ represents ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ safe ) ( NN middle-class ) ( NN haven ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Nora ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN decision ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-PRD ( IN between ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ emotional ) ( NN excitement ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ emotional ) ( NN security ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT no ) ( JJ firm ) ( JJ economic ) ( NN base ) ( RB anywhere ) ) ) ) ) )

The irony in this novel is that neither man represents a safe middle-class haven Nora 's decision is between emotional excitement and emotional security with no firm economic base anywhere


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNS characters ) ) ( VP ( VBP confront ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN world ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-2 ( IN in ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ seems ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB increasingly ) ( JJ difficult ) ) ( S-1 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB find ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ middle ) ( NN way ) ) ( PP ( IN between ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS extremes ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN success ) ( CC and ) ( NN failure ) ) ( NP ( NN wealth ) ( CC and ) ( NN poverty ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The characters confront a world in which it seems increasingly difficult to find a middle way between the extremes of success and failure wealth and poverty


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG making ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Malcolm ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Nora ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( JJ such ) ( RB wonderfully ) ( JJ representative ) ( NNS specimens ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NN class ) ( CC and ) ( NN generation ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Ms. ) ( NNP Zeidner ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB somewhat ) ) ( VBN neglected ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN task ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG making ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP them ) ) ( NP-PRD ( RB distinctively ) ( JJ individual ) ( NNS characters ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In making Malcolm and Nora such wonderfully representative specimens of their class and generation Ms. Zeidner has somewhat neglected the task of making them distinctively individual characters


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN humor ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN story ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ owes ) ( NP ( JJ much ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN fact ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT no ) ( NNS hearts ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( RB even ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS characters ) ( POS ' ) ) ( JJ own ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ likely ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB bleed ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN plight ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN health-food ) ( NNS eaters ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The humor of the story owes much to the fact that no hearts even the characters ' own are likely to bleed for the plight of health-food eaters


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS readers ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( ADVP ( RB well ) ) ( VP ( VB feel ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS pangs ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN recognition ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But readers may well feel the pangs of recognition


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT any ) ( NN case ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( JJ foundering ) ( JJ middle ) ( NNS classes ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( RB n't ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ only ) ( NNS ones ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN trouble ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP$ whose ) ( NNS troubles ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP provide ) ( NP ( NP ( NN material ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN fiction ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In any case the foundering middle classes are n't the only ones in trouble or whose troubles provide material for fiction


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP-TTL ( NN Rascal ) ( NN Money ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( NNP Contemporary ) ( NNPS Books ) ) ( NP ( CD 412 ) ( NNS pages ) ) ( NP ( CD 17.95 ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN novel ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NN consultant ) ( CC and ) ( NN business ) ( NN analyst ) ( NNP Joseph ) ( NNP R. ) ( NNP Garber ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ tells ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN story ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ innovative ) ( JJ well-run ) ( ADJP ( RB widely ) ( JJ respected ) ) ( NN computer ) ( VBG manufacturing ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD called ) ( S ( NP-PRD ( NNP PegaSys ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ faces ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ hostile ) ( NN takeover ) ( NN attempt ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP AIW ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( RB much ) ( JJR smaller ) ( NN corporation ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( ADVP ( RB so ) ( RB incompetently ) ) ) ( VBN managed ) ( SBAR-3 ( IN as ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB constitute ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ standing ) ( NN joke ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN business ) ( NN world ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Rascal Money Contemporary Books 412 pages 17.95 a novel by consultant and business analyst Joseph R. Garber tells the story of an innovative well-run widely respected computer manufacturing company called PegaSys as it faces a hostile takeover attempt by AIW a much smaller corporation that is so incompetently managed as to constitute a standing joke in the business world


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NN Patrician ) ( JJ dynamic ) ( NNP Scott ) ( NNP Thatcher ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN founder ) ( CC and ) ( NN head ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP PegaSys ) ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB initially ) ) ( VP ( VBZ finds ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN takeover ) ( NN threat ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ risible ) ) ) ) )

Patrician dynamic Scott Thatcher founder and head of PegaSys initially finds the takeover threat risible


( S ( CC But ) ( SBAR ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP he ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ skilled ) ( NN team ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB soon ) ) ( VP ( VBP discover ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP 're ) ( ADVP-PRD ( IN up ) ( PP ( IN against ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( CD two ) ( NNS factors ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN counted ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( LST ( LS first ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN business ) ( NN climate ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-2 ( IN in ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-5 ( NP ( DT a ) ( VBG failing ) ( NN company ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ few ) ( NNS assets ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ many ) ( NNS debts ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB borrow ) ( PP ( IN against ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS assets ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ successful ) ( NN company ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-4 ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ hopes ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB acquire ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN in ) ( NN order ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB finance ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN takeover ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP ( LST ( LS second ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( SINV ( VP-TPC-6 ( VBG standing ) ( PP-LOC ( IN behind ) ( NP ( NNP AIW ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ sinister ) ( NN consortium ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( ADJP ( ADJP ( RB much ) ( JJR bigger ) ) ( ADJP ( JJR shadier ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( JJR shrewder ) ) ) ( JJ foreign ) ( NNS interests ) ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB secretly ) ) ( VBG providing ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN money ) ( CC and ) ( NN muscle ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN deal ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But as he and his skilled team soon discover they 're up against two factors they had n't counted on first a business climate in which a failing company with few assets and many debts can borrow against the assets of the successful company it hopes to acquire in order to finance the takeover second that standing behind AIW is a sinister consortium of much bigger shadier and shrewder foreign interests secretly providing the money and muscle for the deal


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Garber ) ) ( VP ( VBZ manages ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB invest ) ( NP ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN tale ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ financial ) ( NNS wars ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ colorful ) ( NNS characters ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ fast-paced ) ( NN action ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN suspense ) ( NN novel ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Garber manages to invest this tale of financial wars with the colorful characters and fast-paced action of a suspense novel


( S ( CC And ) ( PP ( IN like ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN spy ) ( CC or ) ( NN mystery ) ( NN story ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ( NN novel ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ strong ) ( NNS elements ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN allegory ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( JJ good ) ( CC and ) ( JJ evil ) ) ( NNS forces ) ) ( VP ( VBP battle ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ) ) ) ) )

And like a spy or mystery story this novel has strong elements of allegory as the good and evil forces battle it out


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Garber ) ) ( VP ( VBZ depicts ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( JJ moral ) ( NNS qualities ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ broad ) ( NN brush ) ( NNS strokes ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN satire ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB occasionally ) ) ( VP ( VBZ descends ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN realm ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ cliched ) ( NNS caricatures ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Garber depicts these moral qualities with the broad brush strokes of a satire that occasionally descends to the realm of cliched caricatures


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ Standard-issue ) ( NNS portraits ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ flaky ) ( NNPS Californians ) ) ( NP ( JJ snobbish ) ( NNS homosexuals ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ Neanderthal ) ( NN union ) ( NNS leaders ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP undermine ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN force ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN author ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS perceptions ) ) ) ) ) )

Standard-issue portraits of flaky Californians snobbish homosexuals and Neanderthal union leaders undermine the force of the author 's perceptions


( S ( S ( ADVP ( RB Yet ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN heavy-handedness ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN satire ) ) ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ effective ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN book ) ) ( PP ( IN like ) ( NP ( DT this ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN head ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP AIW ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VBN portrayed ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( ADJP ( RB utterly ) ( JJ contemptible ) ) ( JJ malicious ) ( NN dolt ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP we ) ) ( VP ( VP ( MD would ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB much ) ) ( VB care ) ( SBAR ( IN whether ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP$ his ) ( NNS schemes ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBN defeated ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB so ) ) ( VBN diverted ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN process ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Yet the heavy-handedness of the satire also can be effective in a book like this If the head of AIW were not portrayed as an utterly contemptible malicious dolt we would not much care whether his schemes were defeated and would not be so diverted in the process


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Ms. ) ( NNP Rubin ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ free-lance ) ( NN writer ) ) ( VP ( VBN based ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Los ) ( NNP Angeles ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Ms. Rubin is a free-lance writer based in Los Angeles


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Chicago ) ( NNS businessmen ) ( NX ( NX ( NNP Bertram ) ( NNP M. ) ( NNP Lee ) ) ( CC and ) ( NX ( NNP Peter ) ( NNP Bynoe ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD signed ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ new ) ( NN agreement ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB purchase ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Denver ) ( NNPS Nuggets ) ( NN basketball ) ( NN team ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( PP-CLR ( RB not ) ( IN as ) ( NP ( JJ principal ) ( NNS owners ) ) ) ) )

Chicago businessmen Bertram M. Lee and Peter Bynoe signed a new agreement to purchase the Denver Nuggets basketball team but not as principal owners


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN On ) ( NP ( NNP Saturday ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS partners ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NN team ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN purchased ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 54 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ new ) ( NN group ) ) ( PP ( VBG including ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Comsat ) ( NNP Video ) ( NNPS Enterprises ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN unit ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNPS Communications ) ( NNP Satellite ) ( NNP Corp. ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN based ) ( ADVP-LOC-CLR ( RB here ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

On Saturday the partners said the team would be purchased for 54 million by a new group including Comsat Video Enterprises Inc. a unit of Communications Satellite Corp. based here


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Comsat ) ( NNP Video ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB pay ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 17 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( CD 62.5 ) ( NN % ) ) ( NN interest ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( S-NOM ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Messrs. ) ( NNP Lee ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Bynoe ) ) ( VP ( VBG putting ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 8 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( CD 37.5 ) ( NN % ) ) ( NN stake ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN team ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Comsat Video will pay 17 million for a 62.5 % interest with Messrs. Lee and Bynoe putting up 8 million for a 37.5 % stake in the team


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN Under ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS terms ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN sale ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Nuggets ) ( NN owner ) ( NNP Sidney ) ( NNP Shlenker ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB receive ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( IN up ) ( TO to ) ( CD 11 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ additional ) ( NNS payments ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN franchise ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ future ) ( NNS earnings ) ) ) ) ) )

Under terms of the sale Nuggets owner Sidney Shlenker could receive up to 11 million in additional payments from the franchise 's future earnings


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Messrs. ) ( NNP Lee ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Bynoe ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NNP July ) ) ( VP ( VBD announced ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN deal ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( VP ( VBN made ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP them ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ first ) ( JJ black ) ( JJ principal ) ( NNS owners ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ major ) ( JJ professional ) ( NNS sports ) ( NN franchise ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Messrs. Lee and Bynoe last July announced a deal that would have made them the first black principal owners of a major professional sports franchise


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN deal ) ) ( VP ( VBD fell ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB apart ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NN lack ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN financing ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But the deal fell apart last week for lack of financing


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Comsat ) ( NNP Video ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN headed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NNP Robert ) ( NNP Wussler ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD resigned ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN No. ) ( CD 2 ) ( NN executive ) ( NN post ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NNP Turner ) ( NNP Broadcasting ) ( NNP System ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( NP ( RB just ) ( CD two ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ( RB ago ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB take ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Comsat ) ( NN position ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Comsat Video is headed by Robert Wussler who resigned his No. 2 executive post with Turner Broadcasting System Inc. just two weeks ago to take the Comsat position


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( NNP Comsat ) ( NNP Video ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ distributes ) ( NP ( JJ pay-per-view ) ( NNS programs ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN hotel ) ( NNS rooms ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ plans ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB add ) ( NP ( NNPS Nuggets ) ( NNS games ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS offerings ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Turner ) ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ( ADVP ( RB successfully ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NNP Atlanta ) ( NNPS Hawks ) ( CC and ) ( NNPS Braves ) ( NNS sports ) ( NNS teams ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Comsat Video which distributes pay-per-view programs to hotel rooms plans to add Nuggets games to their offerings as Mr. Turner did successfully with his Atlanta Hawks and Braves sports teams


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Messrs. ) ( NNP Lee ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Bynoe ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB manage ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNPS Nuggets ) ( POS ' ) ) ( JJ day-today ) ( NNS affairs ) ) ) ) )

Messrs. Lee and Bynoe will manage the Nuggets ' day-today affairs


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Bakersfield ) ( NNP Supermarket ) ) ( VP ( VBD went ) ( PP-PRD ( IN out ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN business ) ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NNP May ) ) ) )

The Bakersfield Supermarket went out of business last May


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN reason ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( RB not ) ( NP-PRD ( JJ high ) ( NN interest ) ( NNS rates ) ( CC or ) ( NN labor ) ( NNS costs ) ) ) )

The reason was not high interest rates or labor costs


( SINV ( CC Nor ) ( VBD was ) ( NP-SBJ ( RB there ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN shortage ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS customers ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN area ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ residential ) ( NNP Inwood ) ( NN section ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ northern ) ( NNP Manhattan ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Nor was there a shortage of customers in the area the residential Inwood section of northern Manhattan


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN business ) ) ( VP ( VBD closed ) ( SBAR-TMP ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NN owner ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN murdered ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NNS robbers ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The business closed when the owner was murdered by robbers


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN owner ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NNP Israel ) ( NNP Ortiz ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ 29-year-old ) ( NN entrepreneur ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NN father ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD two ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The owner was Israel Ortiz a 29-year-old entrepreneur and father of two


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ first ) ( NN year ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG operating ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN store ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD bought ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( CD 220,000 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Ortiz ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN robbed ) ( NP ( QP ( IN at ) ( RBS least ) ) ( RB twice ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN at ) ( NP ( NN gunpoint ) ) ) ) ) )

In his first year of operating the store he bought for 220,000 Mr. Ortiz was robbed at least twice at gunpoint


( S ( NP-TMP ( DT The ) ( JJ first ) ( NN time ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN shot ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN hand ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD chased ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS robbers ) ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RB outside ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The first time he was shot in the hand as he chased the robbers outside


( S ( NP-TMP ( DT The ) ( JJ second ) ( NN time ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD identified ) ( NP ( NP ( CD two ) ( NNS robbers ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBN arrested ) ( CC and ) ( VBN charged ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The second time he identified two robbers who were arrested and charged


( S ( ADVP-TMP ( NP ( CD Two ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ( RB later ) ) ( PRN ( PP ( RB perhaps ) ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN retaliation ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Ortiz ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN shot ) ( NP ( CD three ) ( NNS times ) ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN back ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN during ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS police ) ) ( VP ( VBD classified ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ third ) ( NN robbery ) ( NN attempt ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Two weeks later perhaps in retaliation Mr. Ortiz was shot three times in the back during what police classified as a third robbery attempt


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT That ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN reward ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG working ) ( PP-TMP ( IN until ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 11 ) ( RB p.m. ) ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NP ( CD seven ) ( NNS days ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN week ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB cover ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NAC ( NP ( CD 3,000 ) ) ( ADVP ( DT a ) ( NN month ) ) ) ( NN rent ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

That was his reward for working until 11 p.m. seven days a week to cover his 3,000 a month rent


( PP ( IN For ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG providing ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ his ) ( NNS customers ) ) ( VP ( VBD described ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( ADJP ( RB very ) ( JJ personal ) ( CC and ) ( JJ helpful ) ) ) ( NN service ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

For providing what his customers described as very personal and helpful service


( PP ( IN For ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG creating ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN focus ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN neighborhood ) ( NN life ) ) ) ) ) ) )

For creating a focus for neighborhood life


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Israel ) ( NNP Ortiz ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( RB only ) ( CD one ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS thousands ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS entrepreneurs ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS employees ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN injured ) ( CC or ) ( VBN killed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( DT this ) ( NN year ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Israel Ortiz is only one of the thousands of entrepreneurs and their employees who will be injured or killed by crime this year


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NNP Bureau ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Justice ) ( NNPS Statistics ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ reports ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( QP ( RB almost ) ( CD 2 ) ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT all ) ( JJ retail-sales ) ( NNS workers ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP suffer ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS injuries ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( DT each ) ( NN year ) ) ( NP-ADV ( NP ( QP ( RB almost ) ( RB twice ) ) ( DT the ) ( JJ national ) ( NN average ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( IN about ) ( CD four ) ( NNS times ) ) ( DT the ) ( NN rate ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS teachers ) ) ( NP ( NN truck ) ( NNS drivers ) ) ( NP ( JJ medical ) ( NNS workers ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ door-to-door ) ( NN salespeople ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics reports that almost 2 % of all retail-sales workers suffer injuries from crime each year almost twice the national average and about four times the rate for teachers truck drivers medical workers and door-to-door salespeople


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( RB Only ) ( DT a ) ( JJ few ) ( JJ other ) ( NNS occupations ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( NP ( NP ( RBR higher ) ( JJ reported ) ( NNS rates ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ criminal ) ( NN injury ) ) ) ) ( PP-1 ( JJ such ) ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS police ) ) ( NP ( NNS bartenders ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN taxi ) ( NNS drivers ) ) ) ) ) )

Only a few other occupations have higher reported rates of criminal injury such as police bartenders and taxi drivers


( S ( ADVP ( RB Yet ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT these ) ( NNS figures ) ) ( VP ( VBP show ) ( NP ( NP ( RB only ) ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( RBS most ) ( JJ visible ) ) ( NN part ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN problem ) ) ) ) ) )

Yet these figures show only the most visible part of the problem


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ Recent ) ( NNS data ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP City ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP provide ) ( NP ( NP ( JJR more ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN picture ) ) ) ) ) )

Recent data from New York City provide more of the picture


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN While ) ( FRAG ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( DT no ) ( NN means ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS highest ) ( NN crime ) ( NN community ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN country ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ prime ) ( NN example ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN city ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB where ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN crime ) ) ( VP ( VBZ strangles ) ( NP ( NN small-business ) ( NN development ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

While by no means the highest crime community in the country New York is a prime example of a city where crime strangles small-business development


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT A ) ( NN survey ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( NP-LOC ( RB there ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN conducted ) ( NP-TMP ( DT this ) ( NN spring ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NNP Interface ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN policy ) ( NN research ) ( NN organization ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A survey of small businesses there was conducted this spring by Interface a policy research organization


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBD gave ) ( NP ( CD 1,124 ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN questionnaire ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBD analyzed ) ( NP ( CD 353 ) ( NNS responses ) ) ) ) )

It gave 1,124 businesses a questionnaire and analyzed 353 responses


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN survey ) ) ( VP ( VBD found ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( PP-TMP ( IN over ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ three-year ) ( NN period ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( CD 22 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS firms ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS employees ) ( CC or ) ( NNS owners ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN robbed ) ( UCP ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NN way ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( CC or ) ( IN from ) ( NP ( NN work ) ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( SBAR-TMP ( NN while ) ( FRAG ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN job ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The survey found that over a three-year period 22 % of the firms said employees or owners had been robbed on their way to or from work or while on the job


( S ( NP-SBJ ( CD Seventeen ) ( NN percent ) ) ( VP ( VBD reported ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS customers ) ) ( VP ( VBG being ) ( VP ( VBN robbed ) ) ) ) ) )

Seventeen percent reported their customers being robbed


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Crime ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( DT the ) ( NN reason ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( CD 26 ) ( NN % ) ) ( VP ( VBD reported ) ( NP ( NP ( NN difficulty ) ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG recruiting ) ( NP ( NNS personnel ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( SBAR ( DT that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( CD 19 ) ( NN % ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBG considering ) ( NP ( VBG moving ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Crime was the reason that 26 % reported difficulty recruiting personnel and that 19 % said they were considering moving


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( QP ( JJR More ) ( IN than ) ( NP ( NN one-third ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBG responding ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP suffer ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NN drug ) ( NN dealing ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN loitering ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN near ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS premises ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

More than one-third of the responding businesses said they suffer from drug dealing and loitering near their premises


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Brooklyn ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Bronx ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( QP ( CD one ) ( IN out ) ( IN of ) ( CD four ) ) ( JJ commercial ) ( NNS firms ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN burglarized ) ( NP-TMP ( DT each ) ( NN year ) ) ) ) )

In Brooklyn and the Bronx one out of four commercial firms is burglarized each year


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Industrial ) ( NNS neighborhoods ) ) ( VP ( VBP fare ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB even ) ( RBR worse ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN with ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN burglary ) ( NNS rates ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ twice ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ citywide ) ( NN average ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Industrial neighborhoods fare even worse with burglary rates twice the citywide average


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Crime ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB clearly ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( ADJP ( RBR more ) ( JJ deadly ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ small-scale ) ( NN entrepreneurship ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ big ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Crime is clearly more deadly to small-scale entrepreneurship than to big businesses


( S ( ADVP-TMP ( NP ( CD Two ) ( NNS decades ) ) ( RB ago ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Small ) ( NNP Business ) ( NNP Administration ) ) ( VP ( VBD reported ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Yale ) ( NNP Prof. ) ( NNP Albert ) ( NNP Reiss ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ landmark ) ( NN study ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ( PP ( IN against ) ( NP ( CD 2,500 ) ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN drawn ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( JJ national ) ( NNP IRS ) ( NNS records ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Two decades ago the Small Business Administration reported Yale Prof. Albert Reiss 's landmark study of crime against 2,500 small businesses drawn from national IRS records


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBD found ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ monetary ) ( NN crime ) ( NNS losses ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN proportion ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ gross ) ( NNS receipts ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 37 ) ( NNS times ) ) ( JJR higher ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( JJ large ) ( NNS ones ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He found that monetary crime losses as a proportion of gross receipts were 37 times higher for small businesses than for large ones


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NN study ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS companies ) ) ( VP ( VBD averaged ) ( NP ( CD 27 ) ( NNS employees ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ their ) ( JJ annual ) ( NN crime ) ( NNS losses ) ) ( VP ( VBD averaged ) ( NP ( QP ( IN about ) ( CD 15,000 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ additional ) ( ADJP ( CD 8,385 ) ) ( JJ annual ) ( NN cost ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN security ) ) ) ) ( NP ( JJ enough ) ( NN money ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB hire ) ( NP ( QP ( IN at ) ( JJS least ) ( CD one ) ( JJR more ) ) ( NN worker ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The New York study 's companies averaged 27 employees their annual crime losses averaged about 15,000 with an additional 8,385 annual cost in security enough money to hire at least one more worker


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNS costs ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ enough ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB destroy ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( VBG struggling ) ( NN business ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The costs of crime may also be enough to destroy a struggling business


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( WDT Whatever ) ( FRAG ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ monetary ) ( NN crime ) ( NNS losses ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( ADJP ( RB nearly ) ( RB as ) ( JJ important ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNS entrepreneurs ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN risk ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ personal ) ( NN injury ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Whatever the monetary crime losses they may not be nearly as important to entrepreneurs as the risk of personal injury


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN After ) ( NP ( VBN repeated ) ( NN gun ) ( NNS robberies ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT some ) ( NNS entrepreneurs ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB give ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN business ) ) ( PP ( IN out ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN fear ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS lives ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

After repeated gun robberies some entrepreneurs may give up a business out of fear for their lives


( S ( NP-SBJ ( CD One ) ( NNP Washington ) ( NN couple ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB recently ) ) ( VP ( VBD sold ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NN liquor ) ( NN store ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN after ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 34 ) ( NNS years ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN business ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD included ) ( NP ( NP ( CD four ) ( NN robbery ) ( NNS deaths ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 16 ) ( NNS robberies ) ( CC or ) ( NNS burglaries ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS premises ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

One Washington couple recently sold their liquor store after 34 years in business that included four robbery deaths and 16 robberies or burglaries on the premises


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT These ) ( NNS findings ) ) ( VP ( VBP illustrate ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ vicious ) ( NN cycle ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NAC ( NNP National ) ( NNP Institute ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Justice ) ) ) ) ( NNP Director ) ( NNP James ) ( NNP K. ) ( NNP Stewart ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ calls ) ( S ( NP-PRD ( NN crime ) ( VBG causing ) ( NN poverty ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

These findings illustrate the vicious cycle that National Institute of Justice Director James K. Stewart calls crime causing poverty


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Underclass ) ( NNS neighborhoods ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBP offer ) ( NP ( ADJP ( RB relatively ) ( JJ few ) ) ( NN employment ) ( NNS opportunities ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG contributing ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN poverty ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ local ) ( NNS residents ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Underclass neighborhoods offer relatively few employment opportunities contributing to the poverty of local residents


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Small ) ( NN neighborhood ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB provide ) ( NP ( JJR more ) ( NNS jobs ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN if ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN crime ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( RB not ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB so ) ( JJ harmful ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG creating ) ( CC and ) ( VBG maintaining ) ( NP ( DT those ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Small neighborhood businesses could provide more jobs if crime were not so harmful to creating and maintaining those businesses


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT This ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB help ) ( S ( VP ( VB explain ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB why ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( VP ( VBP create ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( CD 65 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT all ) ( NNS jobs ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB nationally ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( NP ( NP ( RB only ) ( CD 22 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS jobs ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ crime-ridden ) ( NN city ) ) ( PP ( IN like ) ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

This may help explain why small businesses create 65 % of all jobs nationally but only 22 % of jobs in a crime-ridden city like New York


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJR Bigger ) ( NN business ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB often ) ) ( ADVP ( RBR better ) ) ( VP ( VB afford ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB minimize ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN cost ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Bigger business can often better afford to minimize the cost of crime


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NN study ) ) ( VP ( VBD found ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN cost ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN security ) ( NNS measures ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS firms ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( QP ( JJR fewer ) ( IN than ) ( CD five ) ) ( NNS employees ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( QP ( RB almost ) ( CD 1,000 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN per ) ( NP ( NN worker ) ) ) ( PP ( VBN compared ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( RB one-third ) ) ( DT that ) ( NN amount ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS firms ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( QP ( JJR more ) ( IN than ) ( CD 10 ) ) ( NNS employees ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The New York study found that the cost of security measures in firms with fewer than five employees was almost 1,000 per worker compared with one-third that amount for firms with more than 10 employees


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN shift ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN retailing ) ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ large ) ( NN shopping ) ( NNS centers ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN created ) ( NP ( NP ( ADJP ( RB even ) ( JJR greater ) ) ( NNS economies ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN scale ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG providing ) ( NP ( JJ low-crime ) ( NN business ) ( NNS environments ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The shift of retailing to large shopping centers has created even greater economies of scale for providing low-crime business environments


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( JJ Private ) ( NN security ) ( NNS guards ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( VBG moonlighting ) ( NNS police ) ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB invoke ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN law ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN trespass ) ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB regulate ) ( NP ( NP ( NN access ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( JJ quasi-public ) ( NNS places ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Private security guards and moonlighting police can invoke the law of trespass to regulate access to these quasi-public places


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN Since ) ( NP ( CD 1984 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN fact ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS revenues ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( CD 10 ) ( JJS largest ) ( NN guard ) ( NNS companies ) ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB primarily ) ) ( VBG serving ) ( NP ( JJ such ) ( JJ big ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN increased ) ( PP-EXT ( IN by ) ( NP ( QP ( RB almost ) ( CD 62 ) ) ( NN % ) ) ) ) ) )

Since 1984 in fact revenues of the 10 largest guard companies primarily serving such big businesses have increased by almost 62 %


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Few ) ( JJ small ) ( NN neighborhood ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( ADVP ( RB however ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB afford ) ( NP ( JJ such ) ( NN protection ) ) ( PP ( RB even ) ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NN collaboration ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( JJ local ) ( NNS merchants ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Few small neighborhood businesses however can afford such protection even in collaboration with other local merchants


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS neighborhoods ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS highest ) ( NN crime ) ( NNS rates ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( JJ small ) ( NN business ) ) ( ADVP ( RB generally ) ) ( VP ( VBZ relies ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ public ) ( NN police ) ( NN force ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN protection ) ) ) ) )

In the neighborhoods with the highest crime rates small business generally relies on the public police force for protection


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT This ) ) ( VP ( VBZ creates ) ( NP ( JJ several ) ( NNS problems ) ) ) )

This creates several problems


( S ( NP-SBJ ( CD One ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( RB not ) ( NP-PRD ( JJ enough ) ( NN police ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB satisfy ) ( NP ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

One is that there are not enough police to satisfy small businesses


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN number ) ( CD one ) ( NN proposal ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG reducing ) ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NN survey ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( S-PRD ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB put ) ( NP ( JJR more ) ( NNS police ) ) ( PP-PUT ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN foot ) ( CC or ) ( NN scooter ) ( NN patrol ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBN suggested ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( QP ( JJR more ) ( IN than ) ( NNS two-thirds ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( DT the ) ( NNS respondents ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The number one proposal for reducing crime in the New York survey was to put more police on foot or scooter patrol suggested by more than two-thirds of the respondents


( S ( NP-SBJ ( QP ( RB Only ) ( CD 22 ) ) ( NN % ) ) ( VP ( VBD supported ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ private ) ( NN security ) ( NNS patrols ) ) ( VP ( VBN funded ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS merchants ) ) ( NP ( PRP themselves ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Only 22 % supported private security patrols funded by the merchants themselves


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT A ) ( JJ second ) ( NN problem ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ persistent ) ( NN frustration ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ false ) ( NNS alarms ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ urban ) ( NNS police ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( ADJP ( RBR less ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( ADJP ( JJ enthusiastic ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG responding ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS calls ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A second problem is the persistent frustration of false alarms which can make urban police less than enthusiastic about responding to calls from small businesses


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( QP ( RB Only ) ( PDT half ) ) ( DT the ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( JJ small ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( VP ( VBN surveyed ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NN part ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ satisfied ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN police ) ( NN response ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP receive ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Only half the New York small businesses surveyed for their part are satisfied with the police response they receive


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT Some ) ( NNS cities ) ) ( PP ( VBG including ) ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN experimented ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ special ) ( NN tax ) ( NNS districts ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ commercial ) ( NNS areas ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP provide ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ additional ) ( NNS patrols ) ) ( VP ( VBN funded ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( JJ local ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Some cities including New York have experimented with special tax districts for commercial areas that provide additional patrols funded by local businesses


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( VP ( VBZ raises ) ( NP ( NP ( VBN added ) ( NN cost ) ( NNS barriers ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ urban ) ( NN entrepreneurship ) ) ) ) ) )

But this raises added cost barriers to urban entrepreneurship


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT Another ) ( NN solution ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS cities ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB consider ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( S-NOM-PRD ( VP ( VBG giving ) ( NP ( JJ special ) ( NN priority ) ) ( PP-DTV ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NN police ) ( NNS patrols ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN small-business ) ( NNS areas ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Another solution cities might consider is giving special priority to police patrols of small-business areas


( S ( PP ( IN For ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS cities ) ) ( VP ( VBG losing ) ( NP ( NN business ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ suburban ) ( NN shopping ) ( NNS centers ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( NP-PRD ( DT a ) ( JJ wise ) ( NN business ) ( NN investment ) ) ( S-1 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB help ) ( S ( VP ( VB keep ) ( NP ( DT those ) ( NNS jobs ) ( CC and ) ( NNS sales ) ( NNS taxes ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN within ) ( NP ( NN city ) ( NNS limits ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

For cities losing business to suburban shopping centers it may be a wise business investment to help keep those jobs and sales taxes within city limits


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( VBN Increased ) ( NN patrolling ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN business ) ( NNS zones ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ makes ) ( NP ( NN sense ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN because ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ urban ) ( NN crime ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB heavily ) ( JJ concentrated ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ such ) ( JJ hot ) ( NNS spots ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN pedestrian ) ( NN density ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Increased patrolling of business zones makes sense because urban crime is heavily concentrated in such hot spots of pedestrian density


( S ( PP ( IN With ) ( NP ( NAC ( NNP National ) ( NNP Institute ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Justice ) ) ) ) ( NN support ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Minneapolis ) ( NN police ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Crime ) ( NNP Control ) ( NNP Institute ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB currently ) ) ( VP ( VBG testing ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS effects ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PDT such ) ( DT a ) ( NN strategy ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG comparing ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN deterrence ) ( NN value ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( JJ traditional ) ( JJ random ) ( NNS patrols ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

With National Institute of Justice support the Minneapolis police and the Crime Control Institute are currently testing the effects of such a strategy comparing its deterrence value with traditional random patrols


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Small-business ) ( NNS patrols ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( NP-PRD ( DT an ) ( ADJP ( RB especially ) ( JJ helpful ) ) ( NN gesture ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB whenever ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT a ) ( NN small-business ) ( NN person ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN scheduled ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB testify ) ( PP ( IN against ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN robbery ) ( NN suspect ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Small-business patrols would be an especially helpful gesture whenever a small-business person is scheduled to testify against a robbery suspect


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN While ) ( FRAG ( NP ( DT no ) ( NN guarantee ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT an ) ( VBN increased ) ( NN police ) ( NN presence ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( ADVP ( RB even ) ) ( VP ( VB deter ) ( NP ( JJ further ) ( NNS attacks ) ) ) ) )

While no guarantee an increased police presence might even deter further attacks


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( ADVP ( RB even ) ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( VP ( VBN saved ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN life ) ( CC and ) ( NN business ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Israel ) ( NNP Ortiz ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It might even have saved the life and business of Israel Ortiz


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Sherman ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN professor ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN criminology ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP University ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Maryland ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NN president ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Crime ) ( NNP Control ) ( NNP Institute ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Washington ) ) ( NP ( NNP D.C ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Sherman is a professor of criminology at the University of Maryland and president of the Crime Control Institute in Washington D.C


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN While ) ( S ( VP ( VBG welcoming ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Nicholas ) ( NNP McInnes ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Sept. ) ( CD 18 ) ( NN letter ) ) ( VP ( VBG offering ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS corrections ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( PRP$ your ) ( JJ World-Wide ) ( NN Tax ) ( NN Revolution ) ( NN table ) ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( NN editorial ) ( NN page ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NNP Aug. ) ( CD 29 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( VBP am ) ( VP ( VBN surprised ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD neglected ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NNS errors ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT some ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP us ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP strike ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB close ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN home ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

While welcoming Nicholas McInnes 's Sept. 18 letter offering corrections to your World-Wide Tax Revolution table editorial page Aug. 29 I am surprised that he neglected other errors that for some of us strike close to home


( S ( PP ( IN As ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP Channel ) ( NNP Islander ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN amazed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB see ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ my ) ( NN birthplace ) ) ( VP ( VBN listed ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( CD one ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 86 ) ( NNS countries ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN income ) ( NN tax ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

As a Channel Islander I was amazed to see my birthplace listed as one of 86 countries with an income tax


( S ( PP ( IN Despite ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN history ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ heated ) ( JJ local ) ( NN debate ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN topic ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ my ) ( NN passport ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB clearly ) ) ( VP ( VBZ reads ) ( NP ( JJ British ) ( NN citizen ) ) ) )

Despite a history of heated local debate on the topic my passport clearly reads British citizen


( S ( SBAR-NOM-SBJ ( NNP Whether ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP McInnes ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN oversight ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB merely ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN sign ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN mainlander ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ benign ) ( NN neglect ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN question ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( PRP$ my ) ( JJ fellow ) ( NNP Channel ) ( NNPS Islanders ) ) ( PRN ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS friends ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Isle ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Man ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB continue ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB ponder ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Whether Mr. McInnes 's oversight is merely a sign of a mainlander 's benign neglect is a question my fellow Channel Islanders and friends on the Isle of Man will continue to ponder


Patrick Basham


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Bureaucrats ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB deserve ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( JJ bad ) ( NN reputation ) ) ( PP ( IN after ) ( NP ( DT all ) ) ) ) ) )

Bureaucrats may deserve their bad reputation after all


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Matthew ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN something ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ professional ) ( NN defender ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN government ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD thought ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ sure-fire ) ( NN winner ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN summer ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD offered ) ( NP ( CD 5,000 ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS best ) ( JJ verifiable ) ( NN story ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 250 ) ( NNS words ) ) ( QP ( CC or ) ( JJR less ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB how ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( NN government ) ( NN bureaucrat ) ) ( VP ( VBD helped ) ( NP ( PRP you ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Matthew Lesko something of a professional defender of government thought he had a sure-fire winner last summer when he offered 5,000 for the best verifiable story of 250 words or less about how a government bureaucrat helped you


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBD sent ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS thousands ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN news ) ( NNS releases ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NAC-LOC ( NNP Kensington ) ( NNP Md. ) ) ( NN office ) ) ) ) )

He sent out thousands of news releases from his Kensington Md. office


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBD plugged ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN contest ) ) ( PP-LOC ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Larry ) ( NNP King ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN radio ) ( NN show ) ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Pat ) ( NNP Sajak ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN television ) ( NN show ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP C-SPAN ) ( NN cable ) ( NN television ) ( NN network ) ) ) ) ) )

He plugged the contest on Larry King 's radio show on Pat Sajak 's television show and on the C-SPAN cable television network


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBD talked ) ( PP-CLR ( IN about ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT every ) ( NN speech ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD made ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBD roamed ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN country ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG promoting ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NNS books ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP dispense ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ handy ) ( JJ how-to ) ( NN advice ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG using ) ( NP ( NN government ) ( NN information ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN fun ) ( CC and ) ( NN profit ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He talked about it in every speech he made as he roamed the country promoting his books which dispense handy how-to advice on using government information for fun and profit


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ( VP ( VBD figured ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN flooded ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NNS entries ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN by ) ( NP ( RB now ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Lesko figured he would be flooded with entries by now


( S-1 ( PP ( IN After ) ( NP ( DT all ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ says ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP we ) ) ( VP ( VBP 've ) ( VP ( VBN got ) ( NP ( QP ( IN like ) ( CD 15 ) ( CD million ) ) ( NNS bureaucrats ) ) ) ) )

After all he says we 've got like 15 million bureaucrats


( S ( CC And ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NN addition ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( CD 5,000 ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VP ( VBN promised ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN winner ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NAC-TTL ( PRP$ My ) ( JJ Favorite ) ( NN Bureaucrat ) ) ( NN plaque ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBD offered ) ( NP ( NP ( DT each ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD two ) ( NNS runners-up ) ) ) ) ( NP ( CD 500 ) ) ) ) ) )

And in addition to the 5,000 he has promised the winner a My Favorite Bureaucrat plaque and offered each of two runners-up 500


( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB So ) ( RB far ) ) ( ADVP ( RB though ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN received ) ( NP ( QP ( RB only ) ( CD one ) ) ( NN entry ) ) ) ) )

So far though Mr. Lesko has received only one entry


( S ( S-ADV ( VP ( TO To ) ( VP ( VB make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS matters ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RBR worse ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( JJ lone ) ( NN nomination ) ) ( VP ( VBD came ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT another ) ( NN bureaucrat ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT A ) ( NN woman ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP State ) ( NNP Department ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Taxation ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Finance ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD nominated ) ( NP ( PRP$ her ) ( NN boss ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

To make matters worse the lone nomination came from another bureaucrat A woman from the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance who nominated her boss


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG making ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS rules ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ goes ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN determined ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS bureaucrats ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ eligible ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NN nomination ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NNS bureaucrats ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Lesko who is making the rules as he goes has determined that bureaucrats are eligible for nomination by other bureaucrats


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ says ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB prefer ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB get ) ( NP ( NNS nominations ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( JJ rank-and-file ) ( NNS folks ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But he says he would prefer to get nominations from rank-and-file folks


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBZ admits ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN had ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ much ) ( NN luck ) ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG generating ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ free ) ( NN publicity ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN contest ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He admits that he has n't had much luck generating free publicity for his contest


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS Newspapers ) ) ( PP ( VBG including ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( CD one ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB generally ) ) ( VBN ignored ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN news ) ( NNS releases ) ) ) ) )

Newspapers including this one have generally ignored his news releases


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Talk ) ( NN show ) ( NNS hosts ) ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB quickly ) ) ( VBP change ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN topic ) ) ) )

Talk show hosts quickly change the topic


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN staff ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG beginning ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB wonder ) ( SBAR-NOM ( IN whether ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( RB n't ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT some ) ( JJR larger ) ( NN phenomenon ) ) ( VP ( VBG foiling ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN contest ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But Mr. Lesko 's staff is beginning to wonder whether there is n't some larger phenomenon foiling the contest


( SINV ( SQ-TPC-1 ( VBZ Is ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN government ) ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VBG helping ) ( NP ( NN anybody ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ asks ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Toni ) ( NNP Murray ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN assistant ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ) ) ) )

Is the government not helping anybody asks Toni Murray an assistant to Mr. Lesko


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ( NP ( PRP himself ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( RB n't ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB yet ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ prepared ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB accept ) ( NP ( DT that ) ( NN explanation ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Lesko himself is n't yet prepared to accept that explanation


( S ( S-TPC-2 ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS People ) ) ( VP ( VBP hate ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB write ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ says ) ) )

People hate to write he says


( S ( ADVP ( RB Maybe ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS people ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VB believe ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( VBP want ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB give ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN money ) ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB away ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Maybe people do n't believe I want to give this money away


( S ( ADVP ( RB Maybe ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Americans ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB just ) ( RB so ) ( JJ annoyed ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NN government ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( RB n't ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ interested ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG admitting ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS bureaucrats ) ) ( VP ( VBP come ) ( PRT ( RP in ) ) ( ADVP-CLR ( JJ handy ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB once ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN while ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Maybe Americans are just so annoyed with government that they are n't interested in admitting that bureaucrats come in handy once in a while


( S-2 ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD sponsored ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN contest ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB how ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( NN bureaucrat ) ) ( VP ( VBD mishandled ) ( NP ( NN something ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Lesko ) ) ( VP ( VBZ admits ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( MD 'd ) ( VP ( VB get ) ( NP ( CD 5,000 ) ( NNS entries ) ) ) ) )

If he sponsored a contest on how a bureaucrat mishandled something Mr. Lesko admits I 'd get 5,000 entries


( S ( ADVP ( RB Now ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( NP-PRD ( DT an ) ( NN idea ) ) ) )

Now there 's an idea


( SQ ( VBZ Does ) ( RB n't ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NN anybody ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB here ) ) ) ( VP ( VB want ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB win ) ( NP ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN mayor ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN race ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Does n't anybody here want to win this mayor 's race


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN As ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP stumble ) ( CC and ) ( VBP bumble ) ( PP-DIR ( IN toward ) ( NP ( NP ( NN election ) ( NN day ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NP ( CD two ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NN tomorrow ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT both ) ( NP ( NNP Democrat ) ( NNP David ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNP Republican ) ( NNP Rudolph ) ( NNP Giuliani ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( PP-PRD ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN trouble ) ) ) ) )

As they stumble and bumble toward election day two weeks from tomorrow both Democrat David Dinkins and Republican Rudolph Giuliani are in trouble


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Manhattan ) ( NN borough ) ( NN president ) ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB afford ) ( NP ( RBR more ) ( VBG bumbling ) ( CC and ) ( VBG stumbling ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN because ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ holds ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ comfortable ) ( JJ 20-point ) ( NN lead ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( JJS most ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ public-opinion ) ( NNS polls ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Dinkins the Manhattan borough president can afford more bumbling and stumbling because he holds a comfortable 20-point lead in most of the public-opinion polls


( S ( CC But ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ past ) ( CD 10 ) ( NNS days ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN taken ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN series ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN body ) ( NNS blows ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN pride ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN reputation ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB adversely ) ) ( VB affect ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN ability ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB govern ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( JJ tumultuous ) ( NN city ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( SINV ( MD should ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VB become ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ first ) ( JJ black ) ( NN mayor ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But in the past 10 days he has taken a series of body blows to his pride and his reputation that could adversely affect his ability to govern this tumultuous city should he become New York 's first black mayor


( S ( ADVP ( RB Ordinarily ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( JJ clever ) ( NN opponent ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB find ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN way ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB capitalize ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ other ) ( NN side ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS misfortunes ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Ordinarily a clever opponent would find a way to capitalize on the other side 's misfortunes


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Giuliani ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ celebrated ) ( NN prosecutor ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN had ) ( NP ( NP ( NN difficulty ) ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG switching ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ crime-busting ) ( JJ finger-pointing ) ( NN mode ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ political ) ( NN stance ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ suggests ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB know ) ( NP ( NP ( NN something ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG running ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( JJ big ) ( JJ troubled ) ( NN city ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But Mr. Giuliani a celebrated prosecutor has had difficulty switching from his crime-busting finger-pointing mode to a political stance that suggests he might know something about running this big troubled city


( S ( CC And ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ crucial ) ( NN moment ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( VP ( VBG running ) ( PP-CLR ( RB out ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN money ) ) ) ) ) ) )

And now at the crucial moment he 's running out of money


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT This ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN nation ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJS biggest ) ( NN city ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( ADVP ( RB traditionally ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ its ) ( NN mayor ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN nation ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJS best-known ) ( JJ urban ) ( NN politician ) ) ) ) )

This is the nation 's biggest city and traditionally its mayor is the nation 's best-known urban politician


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Democrats ) ) ( VP ( VBD hoped ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB become ) ( NP-PRD ( DT a ) ( RB highly ) ( JJ visible ) ( JJ national ) ( NN leader ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Democrats hoped that Mr. Dinkins could become a highly visible national leader


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Republicans ) ) ( VP ( VBD figured ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Giuliani ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN nation ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJS best-known ) ( NN prosecutor ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN chance ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ huge ) ( NN upset ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN heart ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ Democratic ) ( NN territory ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB pick ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ new ) ( JJ political ) ( NN star ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Republicans figured that in Mr. Giuliani the nation 's best-known prosecutor they had a chance for a huge upset in the heart of Democratic territory and that they would pick up a new political star


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN worked ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP-MNR ( DT that ) ( NN way ) ) ) ) )

But it has n't worked out that way


( SINV ( S-TPC-2 ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( JJ decent ) ( CC but ) ( JJ sloppy ) ) ( NN guy ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ says ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP David ) ( NNP Garth ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN veteran ) ( NN campaign ) ( NN consultant ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB here ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB always ) ) ( VP ( VBN worked ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mayor ) ( NNP Edward ) ( NNP Koch ) ) ( VP ( VBN defeated ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Sept. ) ( CD 12 ) ( JJ Democratic ) ( NN primary ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Dinkins is a decent but sloppy guy says David Garth veteran campaign consultant here who has always worked for Mayor Edward Koch defeated by Mr. Dinkins in the Sept. 12 Democratic primary


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN alternative ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NNP Giuliani ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ ghastly ) ) ) )

The alternative Giuliani is ghastly


( SINV ( S-TPC-2 ( NP-SBJ ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( VBP guess ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP we ) ) ( VP ( MD 'll ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB reluctantly ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VB go ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB ahead ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VP ( VB do ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VB vote ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ says ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Richard ) ( NNP Wade ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( RB politically ) ( JJ active ) ( NN professor ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD supported ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Richard ) ( NNP Ravitch ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN also-ran ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Democratic ) ( NN primary ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

I guess we 'll reluctantly go ahead and do it vote for Dinkins says Richard Wade a politically active professor who supported Richard Ravitch an also-ran in the Democratic primary


( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX There ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( NP-PRD ( NN nothing ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ other ) ( NN side ) ) ) ) )

There 's nothing on the other side


( SINV ( S-TPC-2 ( NP-SBJ ( PRP We ) ) ( VP ( VBP 're ) ( VP ( VBG picking ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( NN steam ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ insists ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Roger ) ( NNP Ailes ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Giuliani ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS media ) ( NN consultant ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP$ whose ) ( JJ last ) ( JJ big ) ( NN campaign ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD helped ) ( S ( VP ( VBN put ) ( NP ( NNP George ) ( NNP Bush ) ) ( PP-PUT ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP White ) ( NNP House ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

We 're picking up steam insists Roger Ailes Mr. Giuliani 's media consultant whose last big campaign helped put George Bush in the White House


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBZ adds ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( ADVP ( RB just ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN gotten ) ( PRT ( RP down ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN engine ) ( NN room ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB yet ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He adds It just has n't gotten down to the engine room yet


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN steam ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB never ) ) ( VP ( VB reach ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN engine ) ( NN room ) ) ) ) )

But the steam may never reach the engine room


( S ( IN For ) ( SBAR-ADV ( RB just ) ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Giuliani ) ) ( VP ( VBZ latches ) ( PRT ( RP on ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN issue ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dinkins ) ) ( VP ( VBG reeling ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ his ) ( NN campaign ) ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB desperately ) ) ( VBZ needs ) ( NP ( NN cash ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB keep ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Ailes ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS commercials ) ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN air ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN beyond ) ( NP ( NNP Wednesday ) ( CC or ) ( NNP Thursday ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

For just as Mr. Giuliani latches on to an issue that has Mr. Dinkins reeling his campaign desperately needs cash to keep Mr. Ailes 's commercials on the air beyond Wednesday or Thursday