( FRAG ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN deal ) ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN made ) ( SBAR-2 ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB cut ) ( NP-4 ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN world ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNPS Ortegas ) ) ( S-CLR ( ADJP-PRD ( RB loose ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNP Moscow ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( WRB why ) ( RB not ) )

If a deal can be made to cut the world 's Ortegas loose from Moscow why not


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP We ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VB expect ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ much ) ( NN good ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNS nuclear-arms ) ( NN control ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS conventional-arms ) ( NNS talks ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB demilitarize ) ( NP ( NNP Eastern ) ( NNP Europe ) ) ) ) ) )

We do n't expect much good from nuclear-arms control but conventional-arms talks might demilitarize Eastern Europe


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX There ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NN nothing ) ) ( ADJP ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS least ) ) ) ( NN contradictory ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT all ) ( DT this ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ nice ) ) ( S-2 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB think ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Washington ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB tolerate ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( RB reasonably ) ( JJ sophisticated ) ) ( JJ complex ) ( NN view ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

There 's nothing in the least contradictory in all this and it would be nice to think that Washington could tolerate a reasonably sophisticated complex view


( S ( ADVP ( RB Yet ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ much ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ political ) ( NN culture ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ seems ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NN intent ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG castigating ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Bush ) ( NN administration ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( RB not ) ( VP ( VBG helping ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Yet much of the political culture seems intent on castigating the Bush administration for not helping Mr. Gorbachev


( S ( IN So ) ( NP-TMP ( NP ( DT every ) ( NN time ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( NNP Bush ) ( NN official ) ) ( VP ( VBZ raises ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN doubt ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Washington ) ( NN community ) ) ( VP ( VBZ shouts ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Cold ) ( NNP War ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN timidity ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT an ) ( NN administration ) ( NN spokesman ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB quickly ) ) ( VBN trotted ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB reply ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Bush ) ) ( VP ( VBZ wants ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( FW perestroika ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB succeed ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

So every time a Bush official raises a doubt about Mr. Gorbachev the Washington community shouts Cold War and timidity and an administration spokesman is quickly trotted out to reply Mr. Bush wants perestroika to succeed


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Baker ) ) ( VP ( VBZ seems ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB especially ) ( JJ sensitive ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Washington ) ( NN ailment ) ) ( VP ( VBN known ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NN Beltway-itis ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Baker seems especially sensitive to the Washington ailment known as Beltway-itis


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ Its ) ( NNS symptoms ) ) ( VP ( VBP include ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ cold ) ( NN sweat ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN sound ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN debate ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ clammy ) ( NNS hands ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN face ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ congressional ) ( NN criticism ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NN fainting ) ( NNS spells ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN someone ) ) ( VP ( VBZ writes ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN word ) ) ( NP ( NN controversy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Its symptoms include a cold sweat at the sound of debate clammy hands in the face of congressional criticism and fainting spells when someone writes the word controversy


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN As ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( CD one ) ( JJ unidentified ) ( NN official ) ) ( PP ( ADVP ( RB clearly ) ) ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ late ) ( NNS stages ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN disease ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD told ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Times ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Baker ) ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB just ) ) ( VBD felt ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT some ) ( NNS lines ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN speech ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN misinterpreted ) ( CC and ) ( VBN seized ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( DT the ) ( NN press ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

As one unidentified official clearly in the late stages of the disease told the Times Baker just felt that there were some lines in the speech that could be misinterpreted and seized by the press


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( ADJP ( JJ short ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN problem ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( RB not ) ( NP ( JJ intra-administration ) ( NN disagreement ) ) ( CC but ) ( NP ( NP ( NN preoccupation ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN prospect ) ( SBAR ( DT that ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN perestrokia ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB fail ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ political ) ( NNS opponents ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB ask ) ( SBARQ ( WHNP-1 ( WP Who ) ) ( SQ ( VP ( VBD lost ) ( NP ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In short the problem is not intra-administration disagreement but preoccupation with the prospect that perestrokia might fail and its political opponents will ask Who lost Gorbachev


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Baker ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB want ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB avoid ) ( NP ( NP ( NN criticism ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNP Senate ) ( NNP Majority ) ( NNP Leader ) ( NNP George ) ( NNP Mitchell ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Secretary ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP State ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ his ) ( NN audience ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ entire ) ( JJ Free ) ( NN World ) ) ( RB not ) ( RB just ) ( NP ( NNP Congress ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Baker may want to avoid criticism from Senate Majority Leader George Mitchell but as Secretary of State his audience is the entire Free World not just Congress


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT any ) ( NN case ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ likely ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB find ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( SBAR-ADV ( X ( DT the ) ( RBR more ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ muzzles ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NNS colleagues ) ) ) ) ) ( X-ADV ( DT the ) ( JJR more ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS leaks ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VP ( VB pop ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( PP-LOC ( DT all ) ( IN around ) ( NP ( NNP Washington ) ) ) ) ( NP-ADV ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN lesson ) ) ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB once ) ) ( VBN learned ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NNP Henry ) ( NNP Kissinger ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In any case he 's likely to find that the more he muzzles his colleagues the more leaks will pop up all around Washington a lesson once learned by Henry Kissinger


( S ( S-NOM-SBJ ( VP ( VBG Letting ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS officials ) ) ( VP ( VB express ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( JJ own ) ( NNS nuances ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ educational ) ) ) ) )

Letting officials express their own nuances can be educational


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP We ) ) ( VP ( VBP note ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Rome ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NN yesterday ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Defense ) ( NNP Secretary ) ( NNP Cheney ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( JJ European ) ( NN euphoria ) ) ( PP ( IN over ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG starting ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN tempered ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN recognition ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN magnitude ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS problems ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-4 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBG trying ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB deal ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

We note that in Rome yesterday Defense Secretary Cheney said that European euphoria over Mr. Gorbachev is starting to be tempered by a recognition of the magnitude of the problems he was trying to deal with


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP It ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-PRD ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Western ) ( NN interest ) ) ) ( S-1 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB see ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VB succeed ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It is in the Western interest to see Mr. Gorbachev succeed


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNS odds ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( PP-PRD ( IN against ) ( NP ( PRP him ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP he ) ) ( NP ( PRP himself ) ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( ADVP ( RB no ) ( VB doubt ) ) ( VP ( VB tell ) ( NP ( PRP you ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The odds are against him as he himself would no doubt tell you


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ ultimate ) ( NN outcome ) ) ( VP ( VBZ depends ) ( PP-CLR ( PP ( IN on ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ does ) ) ) ) ) ( RB not ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP we ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The ultimate outcome depends on what he does not on what we do


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( RB Even ) ( IN if ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NN press ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ ready ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB seize ) ( CC and ) ( VB misinterpret ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT these ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( RB not ) ( NP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB very ) ( VBN complicated ) ) ( NNS thoughts ) ) ) )

Even if the press is ready to seize and misinterpret these are not very complicated thoughts


( S ( ADVP ( RB Surely ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( NN someone ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN administration ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( ADVP ( RB maybe ) ) ( NP ( NNP Bob ) ( NNP Gates ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB explain ) ( NP ( PRP them ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NN college ) ( NNS students ) ) ( CC or ) ( RB even ) ( NP ( NNS schoolchildren ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Surely there is someone in the administration maybe Bob Gates who could explain them to college students or even schoolchildren


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Pacific ) ( NNP Telesis ) ( NNP Group ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ its ) ( NNP Pacific ) ( NNP Bell ) ( NN unit ) ) ( VP ( VBD sustained ) ( NP ( NP ( NN property ) ( NN damage ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 45 ) ( CD million ) ( TO to ) ( CD 50 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP California ) ( NN earthquake ) ) ( NP-TMP ( RBR earlier ) ( DT this ) ( NN month ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Pacific Telesis Group said its Pacific Bell unit sustained property damage of about 45 million to 50 million from the California earthquake earlier this month


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( ADJP ( NNP San ) ( JJ Francisco-based ) ) ( NNS telecommunications ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ carries ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 150 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN earthquake ) ( NN insurance ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 10 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( JJ deductible ) ( NN provision ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The San Francisco-based telecommunications company said it carries 150 million of earthquake insurance with a 10 million deductible provision


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Sam ) ( NNP Ginn ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN chairman ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ chief ) ( NN executive ) ( NN officer ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD told ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS securities ) ( NNS analysts ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBZ expects ) ( NP ( ADJP ( RB somewhat ) ( JJR slower ) ) ( JJ per-share ) ( NNS earnings ) ( NN growth ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1990 ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN although ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ annual ) ( NN growth ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB return ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ traditional ) ( NN figure ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 7 ) ) ( NN % ) ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB thereafter ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Sam Ginn chairman and chief executive officer told securities analysts in New York that the company expects somewhat slower per-share earnings growth in 1990 although annual growth should return to the traditional figure of about 7 % thereafter


( S ( PP-CLR-TPC-2 ( IN As ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS factors ) ) ( VP ( VBG contributing ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ temporary ) ( NN slowdown ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD cited ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ one-time ) ( NN rate ) ( NNS reductions ) ) ( VP ( VBN prescribed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NNP California ) ( NNS regulators ) ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN prelude ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ new ) ( NN framework ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ removes ) ( NP ( NN profit ) ( NNS constraints ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

As factors contributing to the temporary slowdown he cited one-time rate reductions prescribed by California regulators as a prelude to a new framework that removes profit constraints


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBD mentioned ) ( NP ( NP ( VBN increased ) ( NN capital ) ( NN investment ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NNP Pacific ) ( NNP Bell ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN network ) ( NNS improvements ) ) ) ) ) )

He also mentioned increased capital investment by Pacific Bell for network improvements


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Ginn ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN company ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ cellular ) ( NNS operations ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( VP ( VBP serve ) ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 341,000 ) ) ( NNS customers ) ) ( ADVP ( RB up ) ( NP ( CD 46 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( ADVP-TMP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN year ) ) ( RB ago ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Ginn said the company 's cellular operations now serve about 341,000 customers up 46 % from a year ago


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( DT A ) ( NN group ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Michigan ) ( NNS investors ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN offered ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB buy ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Knight-Ridder ) ( NNP Inc. ) ( POS 's ) ) ( VBG ailing ) ( NNP Detroit ) ( NNP Free ) ( NNP Press ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 68 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN left ) ( S ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ unclear ) ) ( SBAR-SBJ ( WHADVP-3 ( WRB how ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NN offer ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN financed ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A group of Michigan investors has offered to buy Knight-Ridder Inc. 's ailing Detroit Free Press for 68 million but has left unclear how the offer will be financed


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN offer ) ) ( VP ( VBD came ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB just ) ( RB prior ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS arguments ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN before ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NNP Supreme ) ( NNP Court ) ) ) ( PP ( IN over ) ( SBAR-NOM ( IN whether ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NNP Free ) ( NNP Press ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN allowed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB enter ) ( PP-CLR ( IN into ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ joint ) ( NN operating ) ( NN pact ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Gannett ) ( NNP Co. ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Detroit ) ( NNP News ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The offer came just prior to arguments before the U.S. Supreme Court over whether the Free Press should be allowed to enter into a joint operating pact with Gannett Co. 's Detroit News


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN group ) ) ( VP ( VBD led ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NAC-LOC ( NNP Birmingham ) ( NNP Mich. ) ) ( NN publicist ) ( NNP William ) ( NNP D. ) ( NNP McMaster ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VP ( VB name ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN investment ) ( NN banker ) ) ( VP ( VBG backing ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN deal ) ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( VB say ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WRB how ) ( JJ much ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ its ) ( NNS members ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB contribute ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN offer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The group led by Birmingham Mich. publicist William D. McMaster did n't name an investment banker backing the deal or say how much its members will contribute to the offer


( S ( ADVP ( UH Indeed ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT some ) ( NNS individuals ) ) ( VP ( VBN identified ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN group ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBP have ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN committed ) ( NP ( DT any ) ( NN money ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN bid ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( RB n't ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ aware ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN until ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD heard ) ( PP-CLR ( IN about ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ local ) ( NN news ) ( NNS accounts ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN over ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN weekend ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Indeed some individuals identified with the group said they have n't committed any money to the bid and were n't aware of it until they heard about it in local news accounts over the weekend


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Knight-Ridder ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VB comment ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN offer ) ) ) ) ) )

Knight-Ridder would n't comment on the offer


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN paper ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( RB n't ) ( PP-PRD ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN sale ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN rebuffed ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP McMaster ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJR earlier ) ( NNS requests ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NN access ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNP Free ) ( NNP Press ) ( JJ financial ) ( NNS statements ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The company has said the paper is n't for sale and has rebuffed Mr. McMaster 's earlier requests for access to Free Press financial statements


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN letter ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNP Knight-Ridder ) ( NNP President ) ( NP ( NNP James ) ( NNP K. ) ( NNP Batten ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP McMaster ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD arrived ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 68 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( NN figure ) ) ) ( S-MNR ( VP ( VBG using ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Knight-Ridder ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ corporate ) ( JJ financial ) ( NNS statements ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS comments ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NNP Knight-Ridder ) ( NNS officials ) ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Free ) ( NNP Press ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 50 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( NN value ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN salvage ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In his letter to Knight-Ridder President James K. Batten Mr. McMaster said he arrived at the 68 million figure using Knight-Ridder 's corporate financial statements and comments by Knight-Ridder officials that the Free Press has a 50 million value in salvage


( S ( CC But ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN interview ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP McMaster ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( PRP he ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN investment ) ( NN banker ) ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB need ) ( NP ( NP ( NN access ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ full ) ( JJ financial ) ( NNS records ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN before ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG firming ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN offer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But in an interview Mr. McMaster said he and his investment banker would need access to full financial records before firming up the offer


( S ( SBAR-TMP ( WHADVP-4 ( WRB When ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Supreme ) ( NNP Soviet ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBD passed ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS laws ) ) ( PP-2 ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS workers ) ( POS ' ) ) ( NNS rights ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP-3 ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP May ) ( CD 1987 ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( PP=2 ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ self-managing ) ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP=3 ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN year ) ) ( RBR later ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT some ) ( JJ Western ) ( NNS observers ) ) ( VP ( VBD assumed ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mikhail ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN launched ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Soviet ) ( NNP Union ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN course ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB lead ) ( ADVP ( RB inevitably ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN creation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN market ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

When the Supreme Soviet passed laws on workers ' rights in May 1987 and on self-managing cooperatives a year later some Western observers assumed Mikhail Gorbachev had launched the Soviet Union on a course that would lead inevitably to the creation of a market economy


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ Their ) ( JJ only ) ( NN doubt ) ) ( VP ( VBD concerned ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN possibility ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB survive ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN opposition ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ his ) ( NNS reforms ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB arouse ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( JJ whole ) ( NN process ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN reversed ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Their only doubt concerned the possibility that Mr. Gorbachev might not survive the opposition that his reforms would arouse and that the whole process might be reversed


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN goal ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN creation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ free ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP he ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( JJ Western ) ( NNS observers ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ good ) ( NN reason ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB fear ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN future ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN liberalization ) ) ( PP ( IN within ) ( NP ( JJ communist ) ( NNS societies ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ leads ) ( ADVP ( RB inexorably ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS demands ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( JJ fundamental ) ( JJ political ) ( NN reform ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN accompanied ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( JJ civil ) ( NN unrest ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

If Mr. Gorbachev 's goal is the creation of a free market he and these Western observers have good reason to fear for his future as economic liberalization within communist societies leads inexorably to demands for fundamental political reform accompanied by civil unrest


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT These ) ( NNS fears ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB clearly ) ( JJ apparent ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NAC ( NNP Secretary ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP State ) ) ) ) ( NNP James ) ( NNP Baker ) ) ( VP ( VBD blocked ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN speech ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Robert ) ( NNP Gates ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ deputy ) ( JJ national ) ( NN security ) ( NN adviser ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNP Soviet ) ( NN expert ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-PRP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN ground ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB too ) ( JJ pessimistic ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS chances ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ economic ) ( NNS reforms ) ) ( VP ( VBG succeeding ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

These fears were clearly apparent when last week Secretary of State James Baker blocked a speech by Robert Gates deputy national security adviser and Soviet expert on the ground that it was too pessimistic about the chances of Mr. Gorbachev 's economic reforms succeeding


( S ( CC Yet ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( NN leader ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NX ( NX ( NN readiness ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB embark ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ foreign ) ( NNS visits ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NX ( NX ( JJ steady ) ( NN accumulation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ personal ) ( NN power ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( ADVP ( RB particularly ) ) ( IN since ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ last ) ( NNP Politburo ) ( NN reshuffle ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP Sept. ) ( CD 30 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB suggest ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-PRD ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN verge ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG being ) ( VP ( VBN toppled ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC nor ) ( SINV ( VBZ does ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VB look ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB likely ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB reverse ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS powers ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( FW perestroika ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Yet the Soviet leader 's readiness to embark on foreign visits and steady accumulation of personal power particularly since the last Politburo reshuffle on Sept. 30 do not suggest that Mr. Gorbachev is on the verge of being toppled nor does he look likely to reverse the powers of perestroika


( S ( ADVP ( RB Indeed ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( NNS miners ) ( NN strike ) ) ( NP-TMP ( DT this ) ( NN summer ) ) ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB clearly ) ) ( VBD demonstrated ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( MD must ) ( VP ( VB proceed ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN reform ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Indeed the Soviet miners strike this summer clearly demonstrated that Mr. Gorbachev must proceed with economic reform


( SQ ( CC But ) ( VBZ is ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB so ) ( JJ clever ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN achieved ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ political ) ( NN equivalent ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG making ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN water ) ) ( VP ( VB run ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RB uphill ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But is he so clever that he has achieved the political equivalent of making water run uphill


( SQ ( CC And ) ( VBZ has ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( ADVP ( RB truly ) ) ( VP ( VBD persuaded ) ( NP-2 ( DT the ) ( NNP Communist ) ( NNP Party ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB accept ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN change ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN kind ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD will ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB sooner ) ( CC or ) ( RB later ) ) ( VP ( VB lead ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN demise ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

And has he truly persuaded the Communist Party to accept economic change of a kind that will sooner or later lead to its demise


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT An ) ( ADJP ( ADJP ( JJ alternative ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( RBR more ) ( JJ convincing ) ) ) ( NN explanation ) ) ( VP ( VBN confirmed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( JJ recent ) ( NNS events ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ close ) ( NN inspection ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ( NN program ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( JJ new ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( ADJP ( JJ economic ) ( CC and ) ( JJ social ) ) ( NNS structures ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN intended ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB conform ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN model ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ other ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( NP ( NP ( DT that ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

An alternative and more convincing explanation confirmed by recent events and a close inspection of the Gorbachev program is that the new Soviet economic and social structures are intended to conform to a model other than that of the market


( S ( PP ( IN For ) ( NP ( NN example ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN while ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS laws ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ individual ) ( NN labor ) ( NN activity ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP allow ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( NN citizen ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB earn ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN living ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ independent ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN state ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( JJ strict ) ( NNS provisions ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN attached ) ( PP-1 ( IN on ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-3 ( WRB how ) ( RB far ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB lead ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN development ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ free ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

For example while the laws on individual labor activity allow a citizen to earn a living independent of the state strict provisions are attached on how far this may lead to the development of a free market


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN Before ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VP ( VBG becoming ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ self-employed ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( VBG setting ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN cooperative ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS workers ) ) ( VP ( MD must ) ( VP ( VB seek ) ( NP ( NP ( NN permission ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ local ) ( JJ soviet ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NN council ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Before becoming self-employed or setting up a cooperative workers must seek permission from the local soviet council


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Permission ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-PRD ( RB far ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( ADJP ( JJ automatic ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNS soviets ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ legal ) ( NN right ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB turn ) ( PRT ( RP down ) ) ( NP ( NNS applications ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VB impose ) ( NP ( NNS conditions ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP appear ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBG exercising ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS powers ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Permission is far from automatic The soviets have the legal right to turn down applications and impose conditions and they appear to be exercising these powers


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ Private ) ( NN dressmaking ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN example ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VP ( VBN allowed ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 10 ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( NNS republics ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( VP ( VBN banned ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( CD five ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( VBG shoemaking ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP-3 ( VBN allowed ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD seven ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( VP ( ADJP-PRD=3 ( JJ illegal ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD nine ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Private dressmaking for example is allowed in 10 Soviet republics but banned by five shoemaking is allowed in seven but illegal in nine


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNS controls ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD appeared ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB relatively ) ( JJ liberal ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB first ) ) ( VP ( VBN introduced ) ) ) ) ) )

The controls on cooperatives appeared relatively liberal when first introduced


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT that ) ) ( VP ( VBD changed ) ( PP-TMP ( VBG following ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN resolution ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Supreme ) ( NNP Soviet ) ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBG banning ) ( NP-1 ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG operating ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT some ) ( NNS areas ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBG permitting ) ( NP ( NN activity ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNS others ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( RB only ) ( IN if ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( PP-PRD ( IN under ) ( NP ( NP ( NN contract ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN state ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But that changed following a resolution from the Supreme Soviet banning cooperatives from operating in some areas of the economy and permitting activity in others only if the cooperatives are under contract to the state


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT All ) ( JJ independent ) ( NNS media ) ( NN activity ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ illegal ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( ADVP ( RB perhaps ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( RB not ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ surprising ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( SINV ( ADVP-PRD-TPC-2 ( RB so ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN manufacture ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN perfume ) ) ( NP ( NNS cosmetics ) ) ( NP ( NN household ) ( NNS chemicals ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN sand ) ( NNS candles ) ) ) ) ) ) )

All independent media activity is now illegal which perhaps is not surprising but so is the manufacture of perfume cosmetics household chemicals and sand candles


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ Medical ) ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ( PP ( IN among ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( RBS most ) ( JJ successful ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S.S.R. ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN banned ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VP ( VBG providing ) ( NP ( NP ( NN general-practitioner ) ( NNS services ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( JJ main ) ( NN source ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN income ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBG carrying ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP ( NN surgery ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBG treating ) ( NP ( NP ( NN cancer ) ( NNS patients ) ) ( NP ( NN drug ) ( NNS addicts ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ pregnant ) ( NNS women ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Medical cooperatives among the most successful in the U.S.S.R. are banned from providing general-practitioner services their main source of income carrying out surgery and treating cancer patients drug addicts and pregnant women


( S ( NP-TMP ( RB Earlier ) ( DT this ) ( NN month ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Supreme ) ( NNP Soviet ) ) ( VP ( VBD adopted ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( CD two ) ( JJR more ) ( NNS resolutions ) ) ( VP ( VBG restricting ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN freedom ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ first ) ) ( VP ( VBZ enables ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS soviets ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB set ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS prices ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-2 ( IN for ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS goods ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN sold ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( JJ second ) ) ( VP ( VBZ bans ) ( NP-3 ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG buying ) ( NP ( JJ industrial ) ( CC and ) ( NN food ) ( NNS goods ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN state ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Earlier this month the Supreme Soviet adopted two more resolutions restricting the freedom of cooperatives The first enables the soviets to set prices for which goods may be sold the second bans cooperatives from buying industrial and food goods from the state or other cooperatives


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG looking ) ( PP-CLR ( IN toward ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG unleashing ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ productive ) ( NNS forces ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT these ) ( JJS latest ) ( NNS resolutions ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NN nothing ) ) ( ADVP ( JJ short ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( ADJP ( JJ reckless ) ) ) ) ) ) )

If Mr. Gorbachev is looking toward unleashing the productive forces of the market these latest resolutions are nothing short of reckless


( S ( ADVP ( IN Along ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT some ) ( JJ other ) ( JJ revealing ) ( NNS indicators ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT these ) ( NNS developments ) ) ( VP ( VBP suggest ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN while ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ wishes ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB move ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RB away ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT some ) ( JJ rigid ) ( JJ central ) ( NNS controls ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-3 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ bent ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG creating ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NNS structures ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN kind ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( ADVP ( RB scarcely ) ) ( VP ( VB find ) ( NP ( NN favor ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( UCP ( JJ Austrian ) ( CC or ) ( NNP Chicago ) ) ( NNS schools ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN thought ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Along with some other revealing indicators these developments suggest that while Mr. Gorbachev wishes to move away from some rigid central controls he is bent on creating economic structures of a kind that would scarcely find favor with the Austrian or Chicago schools of economic thought


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN ruled ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN use ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN market ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB solve ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN problem ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ insufficient ) ( NN consumer ) ( NNS goods ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Gorbachev has ruled out the use of the market to solve the problem of insufficient consumer goods


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBD told ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Congress ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS People ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS Deputies ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP May ) ( CD 30 ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP We ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB share ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN approach ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN since ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB immediately ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VB destroy ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ social ) ( NN situation ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VB disrupt ) ( NP ( NP ( DT all ) ( DT the ) ( NNS processes ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN country ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He told the Congress of People 's Deputies on May 30 We do not share this approach since it would immediately destroy the social situation and disrupt all the processes in the country


( S ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG Having ) ( VP ( VP ( VBN rejected ) ( NP-2 ( JJ central ) ( JJ economic ) ( NN planning ) ) ( PP-PRP-3 ( IN for ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NNS reasons ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( NP=2 ( DT the ) ( NN market ) ) ( PP-PRP=3 ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NN fear ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ social ) ( PRN ( JJ political ) ) ( NNS consequences ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-4 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ seeks ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ third ) ( NN way ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB combine ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN discipline ) ( CC and ) ( NNS controls ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ former ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ economic ) ( NNS benefits ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ latter ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Having rejected central economic planning for economic reasons and the market for fear of the social political consequences Mr. Gorbachev seeks a third way that would combine the discipline and controls of the former with the economic benefits of the latter


( S ( ADJP-ADV ( RBS Most ) ( JJ important ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB leave ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN party ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ intact ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN monopoly ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ political ) ( NN power ) ) ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB largely ) ( JJ undisturbed ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Most important this would leave the party intact and its monopoly of political power largely undisturbed


( S ( ADVP ( RB Indeed ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS proposals ) ) ( VP ( VBP display ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ close ) ( JJ conceptual ) ( NN resemblance ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS tenets ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ Italian ) ( NN fascism ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP$ whose ) ( NNS architects ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD spoke ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB specifically ) ) ( PP-CLR ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ third ) ( NN way ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG having ) ( VP ( VBN produced ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ historic ) ( NN synthesis ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN socialism ) ( CC and ) ( NN capitalism ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Indeed Mr. Gorbachev 's proposals display a close conceptual resemblance to the tenets of Italian fascism whose architects spoke specifically of a third way of having produced a historic synthesis of socialism and capitalism


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP They ) ) ( ADVP ( RB too ) ) ( VP ( VBD promised ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB combine ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN efficiency ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NN order ) ( CC and ) ( NN discipline ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

They too promised to combine economic efficiency with order and discipline


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN emergence ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ Russian ) ( NN corporatism ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN anticipated ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NN journalist ) ( NNP George ) ( NNP Urban ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN introduction ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN series ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS colloquies ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( SQ-TTL ( MD Can ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( NN System ) ) ( VP ( VB Survive ) ( NP ( NN Reform ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN published ) ( NP-TMP ( DT this ) ( NN spring ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The emergence of Russian corporatism had been anticipated in journalist George Urban 's introduction to a series of colloquies Can the Soviet System Survive Reform published this spring


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Communism ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB reach ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ final ) ( NN stage ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN development ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ feckless ) ( NNP Russo ) ) ( PRN ( ADJP ( ADJP ( JJ corporation-socialist ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN form ) ) ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ nationalistic ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN content ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( JJ Oriental ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN style ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB puzzle ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN world ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG alternating ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS feats ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN realism ) ( CC and ) ( NN recklessness ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Communism will reach its final stage of development in a feckless Russo corporation-socialist in form nationalistic in content and Oriental in style that will puzzle the world with alternating feats of realism and recklessness


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( JJ fascist ) ( NN concept ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN corporatism ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD envisaged ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ organic ) ( NN society ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-1 ( IN in ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNS citizens ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( ADVP ( RB spiritually ) ( CC and ) ( RB morally ) ) ( VBN unified ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( VBD prepared ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB sacrifice ) ( NP ( PRP themselves ) ) ( PP-PRP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN nation ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The fascist concept of corporatism envisaged an organic society in which citizens were spiritually and morally unified and prepared to sacrifice themselves for the nation


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT This ) ( NN unification ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN brought ) ( PRT ( RP about ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN through ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS policies ) ( CC and ) ( NNS institutions ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB unite ) ( NP ( NNS workers ) ( CC and ) ( NNS employers ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NN government ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( ADJP ( RB fully ) ( VBN integrated ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( JJ harmonic ) ) ) ( NN society ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

This unification was to be brought about through policies and institutions that would unite workers and employers with government in a fully integrated and harmonic society


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN key ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN creation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ organic ) ( NN state ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD lay ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN formation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ natural ) ( NNS groups ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB undertake ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN role ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN decision-making ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The key to the creation of the organic state lay in the formation of natural groups that would undertake the role of decision-making


( S ( PP ( IN By ) ( NP ( NN contrast ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ parliamentary ) ( NN system ) ) ( VP ( VBN based ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ abstract ) ( JJ political ) ( NNS rights ) ( CC and ) ( NNS groups ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN held ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB cause ) ) ( PRN ( PP ( RB rather ) ( IN than ) ( VP ( VB resolve ) ) ) ) ( NP-1 ( NN conflict ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

By contrast a parliamentary system based on abstract political rights and groups was held to cause rather than resolve conflict


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN closeness ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ Soviet ) ( FW perestroika ) ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ fascist ) ( JJ social ) ( NN blueprint ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Mussolini ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ evident ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBD presented ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ economic ) ( NN vision ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Soviet ) ( NNP Congress ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The closeness of Soviet perestroika to the fascist social blueprint of Mussolini was evident when Mr. Gorbachev presented his economic vision to the Soviet Congress


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG doing ) ( ADVP-PRD ( RB so ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( RB neither ) ( VP ( VBD rejected ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ socialist ) ( JJ planned ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ( CC nor ) ( VP ( VBD embraced ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ free ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) )

In doing so he neither rejected a socialist planned economy nor embraced the free market


( S ( ADVP ( RB Instead ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD proposed ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ law-governed ) ( NN economy ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-1 ( IN in ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ clear-cut ) ( NN division ) ) ( PP ( IN between ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NN state ) ( NN direction ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN management ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Instead he proposed a law-governed economy in which there would be a clear-cut division between state direction of the economy and economic management


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( JJ latter ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN undertaken ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NNS enterprises ) ) ( NP ( JJ joint ) ( NN stock ) ( NNS companies ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNS cooperatives ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The latter would be undertaken by enterprises joint stock companies and cooperatives


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT These ) ) ( VP ( VP ( MD would ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB function ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB independently ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB act ) ( ADVP ( RB together ) ) ( S-PRP-CLR ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB form ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS combines ) ( NNS unions ) ( CC and ) ( NNS associations ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB tackle ) ( NP ( NNS problems ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VB coordinate ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS activities ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

These would not function independently but would act together to form combines unions and associations to tackle problems and coordinate their activities


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-LOC-PRD ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( RB much ) ( JJR stronger ) ) ( NN position ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB pursue ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN corporatist ) ( NN ideal ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( IN than ) ( SINV ( VBD was ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mussolini ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD was ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB never ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ able ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB influence ) ( NP ( NP ( NN business ) ( NNS giants ) ) ( PP ( JJ such ) ( IN as ) ( NP ( NNP Pirelli ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Fiat ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Gorbachev is in a much stronger position to pursue the corporatist ideal than was Mussolini who was never able to influence business giants such as Pirelli and Fiat


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Soviet ) ( NNP Communist ) ( NNP Party ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN power ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB shape ) ( NP ( JJ corporate ) ( NN development ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( NN mold ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN into ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN body ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ dependent ) ( PP ( IN upon ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Soviet Communist Party has the power to shape corporate development and mold it into a body dependent upon it


( S ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO To ) ( VP ( VB ensure ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN loyalty ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN business ) ( NN sector ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB offer ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS concessions ) ( CC and ) ( NNS powers ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB allow ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN business ) ( NN community ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB preserve ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ own ) ( NNS interests ) ) ( PP-MNR ( ADVP ( RB probably ) ) ( IN by ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG restricting ) ( NP ( NN competition ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

To ensure the loyalty of the business sector Mr. Gorbachev may offer concessions and powers that will allow the business community to preserve its own interests probably by restricting competition


( S ( ADVP ( RB However ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( MD must ) ( VP ( VB ensure ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( PP-LOC ( IN within ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN alliance ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN business ) ( NN sector ) ) ( VP ( VBZ remains ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ subordinate ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN party ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

However Mr. Gorbachev must ensure that within this alliance the business sector remains subordinate to the party


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN At ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ same ) ( NN time ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( MD must ) ( VP ( VB give ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ sufficient ) ( NN freedom ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB provide ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ economic ) ( NNS benefits ) ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB so ) ( RB desperately ) ) ( VBN needed ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

At the same time he must give it sufficient freedom to provide the economic benefits so desperately needed


( S-CLF ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN promise ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NNS returns ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-3 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN supposed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN corporatist ) ( NN model ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ attractive ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT both ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN party ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN labor ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It is the promise of economic returns that is supposed to make the corporatist model attractive to both the party and labor


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN work ) ( NN force ) ) ( VP ( VBZ provides ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ third ) ( NN arm ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN alliance ) ) ) ) ) )

The work force provides the third arm of the alliance


( S ( S ( PP-LOC ( IN Within ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN alliance ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-3 ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN supposed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB act ) ( PP-MNR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( VBG balancing ) ( NN force ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG guarding ) ( PP-CLR ( IN against ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( JJ excessive ) ( NN control ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NN government ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( NP ( NN abuse ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ economic ) ( NN position ) ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NN business ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( IN for ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT either ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB result ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN deterioration ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN living ) ( NNS standards ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( PP-LOC ( IN under ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ new ) ( NNS resolutions ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS workers ) ( NNS councils ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB demand ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT a ) ( NN cooperative ) ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN closed ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( PRP$ its ) ( NNS prices ) ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN reduced ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Within the alliance it is supposed to act as a balancing force guarding against excessive control by government or abuse of its economic position by business for either could result in a deterioration of its living standards under the new resolutions workers councils may demand that a cooperative be closed or its prices be reduced


( S ( PP-MNR ( PP ( IN By ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG providing ) ( NP ( NNS workers ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN opportunity ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB move ) ( PP-DIR ( IN into ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ private ) ( NN sector ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB where ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNS wages ) ) ( VP ( VB tend ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJR higher ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG holding ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN promise ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJR more ) ( NN consumer ) ( NNS goods ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-3 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ hopes ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB revive ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN popularity ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN party ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

By providing workers with the opportunity to move into the private sector where wages tend to be higher and by holding out the promise of more consumer goods Mr. Gorbachev hopes to revive the popularity of the party


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN At ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ same ) ( NN time ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN strategy ) ) ( VP ( VBZ requires ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VB deal ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB effectively ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT those ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP seek ) ( NP ( JJ genuine ) ( JJ Western-style ) ( JJ political ) ( NN pluralism ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

At the same time the strategy requires that he deal effectively with those who seek genuine Western-style political pluralism


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( ADJP ( RBS most ) ( JJ important ) ) ( NN development ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN policy ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG marginalizing ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN opposition ) ( NN movement ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( DT the ) ( NN claim ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S.S.R. ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBZ suffers ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NN terrorism ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The most important development in Mr. Gorbachev 's policy for marginalizing the opposition movement is the claim that the U.S.S.R. also suffers from terrorism


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT An ) ( VBG increasing ) ( NN number ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS references ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( NN press ) ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NN opposition ) ( NNS groups ) ) ( ADJP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( JJ active ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S.S.R. ) ) ) ) ) ( RB particularly ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Democratic ) ( NNP Union ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBP allege ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP show ) ( NP ( JJ terroristic ) ( NNS tendencies ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBP claim ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( VBN prepared ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB kill ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN in ) ( NN order ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB achieve ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS aims ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

An increasing number of references by the Soviet press to opposition groups now active in the U.S.S.R. particularly the Democratic Union allege that they show terroristic tendencies and claim that they would be prepared to kill in order to achieve their aims


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP It ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ possible ) ) ( SBAR-2 ( IN that ) ( S ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG perpetuating ) ( NP ( JJ such ) ( NNS myths ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-3 ( DT the ) ( NN ground ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG being ) ( VP ( VBN laid ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN arrest ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN opposition ) ( NNS activists ) ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN ground ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN terrorism ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It is possible that in perpetuating such myths the ground is being laid for the arrest of opposition activists on the ground of terrorism


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB appear ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB see ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ central ) ( NN task ) ) ( ADVP ( RB however ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT that ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG ensuring ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS foundations ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN alliance ) ) ( PP ( IN among ) ( NP ( NP ( NN labor ) ) ( NP ( NN capital ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN state ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB properly ) ) ( VBN laid ) ( SBAR-TMP ( RB before ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS demands ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN multiparty ) ( NN system ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP reach ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN crescendo ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Gorbachev would appear to see his central task however as that of ensuring that foundations of an alliance among labor capital and the state are properly laid before the demands for a multiparty system reach a crescendo


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ able ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB construct ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( JJ popular ) ( CC and ) ( JJ efficient ) ) ( NN corporatist ) ( NN system ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( PRP he ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN heir ) ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ wellplaced ) ( S ( VP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB rein ) ( PRT ( RP in ) ) ( NP ( JJ political ) ( NN opposition ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB re-establish ) ( NP ( NN control ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Eastern ) ( NNP Europe ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

If he were able to construct a popular and efficient corporatist system he or his heir would be wellplaced to rein in political opposition and to re-establish control in Eastern Europe


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNS weaknesses ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN plan ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB lie ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ political ) ( NNS calculations ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Gorbachev ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ consummate ) ( JJ political ) ( NN leader ) ) ( RB perhaps ) ( NP ( NP ( CD one ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS greatest ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ economic ) ( NN prescription ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The weaknesses in his plan do not lie in the political calculations Mr. Gorbachev is a consummate political leader perhaps one of the greatest but in its economic prescription


( S ( S ( ADVP ( JJ Contrary ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ widespread ) ( NN belief ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-3 ( NNP Mussolini ) ) ( VP ( VBD failed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB live ) ( PP-CLR ( RP up ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN promise ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS trains ) ) ( VP ( VB run ) ( PP-MNR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN time ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ doubtful ) ) ( SBAR-1 ( IN whether ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Soviet-style ) ( NN corporatism ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VP ( VB make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Soviet ) ( NNS trains ) ) ( VP ( VB run ) ( PP-MNR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN time ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( VB fill ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS shops ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS goods ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS consumers ) ) ( VP ( ADVP-MNR ( RB so ) ( RB desperately ) ) ( VBP crave ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Contrary to widespread belief Mussolini failed to live up to his promise to make the trains run on time it is doubtful whether Soviet-style corporatism will make Soviet trains run on time or fill the shops with goods that the consumers so desperately crave


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Miss ) ( NNP Brady ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( JJ deputy ) ( NN director ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Russian ) ( NNP Research ) ( NNP Foundation ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP London ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Miss Brady is deputy director of the Russian Research Foundation in London


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Treasury ) ( NNP Department ) ) ( VP ( VBD proposed ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNS banks ) ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN required ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB keep ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ detailed ) ( NNS records ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ international ) ( NN wire ) ( NNS transfers ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS officials ) ) ( VP ( VBP believe ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ main ) ( NN vehicle ) ) ( VP ( VBN used ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NN drug ) ( NNS traffickers ) ) ) ( S-CLR ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB move ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS billions ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS dollars ) ) ) ) ( PP-DIR ( IN in ) ( CC and ) ( IN out ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Treasury Department proposed that banks be required to keep detailed records of international wire transfers which officials believe is the main vehicle used by drug traffickers to move billions of dollars in and out of the U.S.


( S ( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ recent ) ( NN testimony ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP Capitol ) ( NNP Hill ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Treasury ) ( NNS officials ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBG considering ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ new ) ( NN reporting ) ( NNS requirements ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBN expected ) ( NN publication ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN proposal ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Federal ) ( NNP Register ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NN today ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ first ) ( JJ official ) ( NN step ) ) ( PP ( IN toward ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG creating ) ( NP ( JJ final ) ( NNS regulations ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In recent testimony on Capitol Hill Treasury officials said they were considering the new reporting requirements and the expected publication of the proposal in the Federal Register today is the first official step toward creating final regulations


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Treasury ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB still ) ) ( VP ( VBG working ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS details ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NN bank ) ( NN trade ) ( NNS associations ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ other ) ( NN government ) ( NNS agencies ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP have ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN hand ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG fighting ) ( NP ( NN money ) ( NN laundering ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Treasury is still working out the details with bank trade associations and the other government agencies that have a hand in fighting money laundering


( SINV ( PP-PRD-TPC-2 ( IN Among ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS possibilities ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Treasury ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG considering ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS requirements ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS banks ) ) ( VP ( VB keep ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS records ) ) ( VP ( VBG identifying ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS originators ) ( CC and ) ( NNS recipients ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ international ) ( NN wire ) ( NNS transfers ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Among the possibilities the Treasury is considering are requirements that banks keep records identifying the originators and recipients of international wire transfers


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT Another ) ( NN suggestion ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB draw ) ( NP-3 ( NNS banks ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RBR more ) ( RB directly ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN into ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG tracking ) ( PRT ( RP down ) ) ( NP ( NN money ) ( NNS launderers ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN by ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG developing ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ suspicious ) ( JJ international ) ( NN wire ) ( NN transfer ) ( NN profile ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNS banks ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB use ) ( S-CLR ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB spotlight ) ( NP ( JJ questionable ) ( NNS payments ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Another suggestion would draw banks more directly into tracking down money launderers by developing a suspicious international wire transfer profile which banks would use to spotlight questionable payments


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNS banks ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB prefer ) ( S ( VP ( VBG using ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN profile ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ targets ) ( NP ( VBN selected ) ( NNS transactions ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CONJP ( RB rather ) ( IN than ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN blanket ) ( NN reporting ) ( NN requirement ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But banks may prefer using a profile that targets selected transactions rather than a blanket reporting requirement


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS Banks ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN required ) ( ADVP ( RB only ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB report ) ( NP ( NP ( NN cash ) ( NNS deposits ) ( CC or ) ( NNS withdrawals ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 10,000 ) ( CC or ) ( JJR more ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Banks now are required only to report cash deposits or withdrawals of 10,000 or more


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NN wire ) ( NNS transfers ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( VBG standing ) ( NN account ) ) ) ( PRN ( PP ( VBG including ) ( NP ( NP ( DT those ) ) ( ADJP ( ADJP ( JJR bigger ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( NP ( CD 10,000 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN reported ) ) ) )

But wire transfers from a standing account including those bigger than 10,000 are n't reported


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Officials ) ) ( VP ( VBP believe ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN left ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ gaping ) ( NN loophole ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ illegal ) ( NN drug ) ( NNS businesses ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBG exploiting ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Officials believe this has left a gaping loophole that illegal drug businesses are exploiting


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Authorities ) ) ( VP ( VBP estimate ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS revenues ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( JJ illegal ) ( NNS drugs ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP total ) ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 110 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB annually ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Authorities estimate that revenues from illegal drugs in the U.S. total about 110 billion annually


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Sen. ) ( NNP John ) ( NNP Kerry ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NNP D. ) ) ( NP-LOC ( NNP Mass. ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN chairman ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP Senate ) ( NNP Foreign ) ( NNP Relations ) ( NN subcommittee ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ oversees ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN issue ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN money ) ( NN laundering ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD criticized ) ( NP-3 ( DT the ) ( NN proposal ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG ignoring ) ( NP ( NP ( NN wire ) ( NNS transfers ) ) ( PP ( IN between ) ( NP ( JJ foreign ) ( NNS banks ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN executed ) ( CC and ) ( VBN cleared ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP U.S. ) ( NN wire ) ( NNS systems ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Sen. John Kerry D. Mass. chairman of a Senate Foreign Relations subcommittee that oversees the issue of money laundering criticized the proposal for ignoring wire transfers between foreign banks that are executed and cleared on U.S. wire systems


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP American ) ( NNP Bankers ) ( NNP Association ) ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( NP ( NP ( DT any ) ( NN comment ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN plan ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The American Bankers Association did n't have any comment on the plan


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN proposal ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( VP ( VBZ enters ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ 60-day ) ( NN comment ) ( NN period ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( WHPP-1 ( IN after ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Treasury ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB propose ) ( NP ( JJ final ) ( NNS regulations ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN followed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( DT another ) ( NN comment ) ( NN period ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The proposal now enters a 60-day comment period after which the Treasury will propose final regulations followed by another comment period


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN On ) ( NP ( NNP June ) ( CD 30 ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ major ) ( NN part ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( NN trade ) ( NN deficit ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD went ) ( NP-CLR ( NN poof ) ) ) )

On June 30 a major part of our trade deficit went poof


( NP ( NP ( DT No ) ( NN figure ) ( NN juggling ) ) ( NP ( DT no ) ( NN witchcraft ) ) ( NP ( NP ( RB just ) ( ADJP ( RB vastly ) ( VBN improved ) ) ( NN recording ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT some ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( NNS exports ) ) ) ) ) ) )

No figure juggling no witchcraft just vastly improved recording of some of our exports


The result


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Commerce ) ( NNP Department ) ) ( VP ( VBD found ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NP ( NNP U.S. ) ( NNS exports ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1988 ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN net ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS imports ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VP ( VBN understated ) ( PP-EXT ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 20.9 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN year ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBD understated ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBN annualized ) ( NN rate ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 25.4 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ first ) ( NN quarter ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD 1989 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Commerce Department found that U.S. exports in 1988 net of imports were understated by 20.9 billion a year and understated at the annualized rate of 25.4 billion in the first quarter of 1989


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( QP ( RBR More ) ( IN than ) ( NN half ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( RB newly ) ( VBN found ) ) ( JJ net ) ( NNS exports ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( PP-PRD ( IN from ) ( NP ( QP ( RB just ) ( DT a ) ( JJ few ) ) ( JJ service-sector ) ( NNS categories ) ) ) ) )

More than half of the newly found net exports were from just a few service-sector categories


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NP ( DT Some ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJS biggest ) ( JJ service-industry ) ( NNS exporters ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( JJ American ) ( JJ financial-service ) ( NNS companies ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN example ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB yet ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB fully ) ) ( VBN included ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( NN export ) ( NNS statistics ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Some of the biggest service-industry exporters American financial-service companies for example have yet to be fully included in our export statistics


( S ( ADVP-TMP ( NP ( RB Nearly ) ( CD 10 ) ( NNS years ) ) ( RB ago ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS representatives ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ service-sector ) ( NNS companies ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN worked ) ( PRT ( RP out ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN plan ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Commerce ) ( NNP Department ) ) ) ( S-1 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB improve ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN data ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ service-sector ) ( NNS exports ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Nearly 10 years ago representatives of service-sector companies worked out a plan with the Commerce Department to improve the data on service-sector exports


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT Both ) ( NNS groups ) ) ( VP ( VBD believed ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NNS tens ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS billions ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS dollars ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN service ) ( NNS exports ) ) ( PRN ( PP ( JJ such ) ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ inbound ) ( NN tourism ) ) ( NP ( NP ( UCP ( JJ legal ) ( NN accounting ) ( CC and ) ( JJ other ) ( JJ professional ) ) ( NNS services ) ) ( VP ( VBN furnished ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNS foreigners ) ) ) ) ( NP ( UCP ( JJ financial ) ( NN engineering ) ( CC and ) ( NN construction ) ) ( NNS services ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ like ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VBG being ) ( VP ( VBN counted ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NNS exports ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Both groups believed that tens of billions of dollars of service exports such as inbound tourism legal accounting and other professional services furnished to foreigners financial engineering and construction services and the like were not being counted as exports


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( JJ monthly ) ( NN trade ) ( NN deficit ) ( NN figure ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN limited ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ traditional ) ( NN merchandise ) ( NN trade ) ) ( NP ( NP ( VBN manufactured ) ( NNS goods ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ raw ) ( NNS materials ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The monthly trade deficit figure is limited to traditional merchandise trade manufactured goods and raw materials


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ quarterly ) ( NNS balance-of-payments ) ( NN report ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT those ) ( NN merchandise ) ( NN trade ) ( NNS figures ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN merged ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS statistics ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNS exports ) ( CC and ) ( NNS imports ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS services ) ) ) ) ( CONJP ( RB as ) ( RB well ) ( IN as ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNS returns ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS investments ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB abroad ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NNS Americans ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS returns ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ foreign ) ( NNS investments ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In the quarterly balance-of-payments report those merchandise trade figures are merged with statistics on exports and imports of services as well as returns on investments abroad by Americans and returns on foreign investments in the U.S.


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN Over ) ( NP ( NN time ) ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN through ) ( NP ( NN benchmark ) ( NNS surveys ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBN corrected ) ( NN data ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN service ) ( NNS exports ) ( CC and ) ( NNS imports ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN gathered ) ) ) ) )

Over time through benchmark surveys the corrected data on service exports and imports have been gathered


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( JJ first ) ( CD three ) ( JJ major ) ( NNS areas ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN service ) ( NN sector ) ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN revamped ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( NNS expenditures ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ foreign ) ( NNS students ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( JJ net ) ) ( PP ( IN after ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS expenditures ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS Americans ) ) ( VP ( VBG studying ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB abroad ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT some ) ( NNS exports ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( JJ professional ) ( NNS firms ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN law ) ( NN firm ) ) ( VP ( VBG billing ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ German ) ( NN client ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS services ) ) ( VP ( VBN rendered ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG watching ) ( NP ( NP ( NN legislation ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Washington ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( ADJP ( RB as ) ( JJ much ) ) ( DT an ) ( NN export ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NN shipment ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ American ) ( NN jet ) ( NN engine ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( VBN improved ) ( NNS data ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NN travel ) ( CC and ) ( NN tourism ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The first three major areas of the service sector to be revamped were expenditures by foreign students in the U.S. net after expenditures by Americans studying abroad some exports by professional firms a law firm billing a German client for services rendered in watching legislation in Washington is as much an export as shipment of an American jet engine and improved data from travel and tourism


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( RB just ) ( DT these ) ( CD three ) ( NNS areas ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Commerce ) ( NNP Department ) ) ( VP ( VBD found ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( ADJP ( NP-ADV ( QP ( CD 23 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( JJR more ) ) ( NNS exports ) ) ( SBAR ( IN than ) ( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB previously ) ) ( VP ( VBN reported ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 11.6 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( JJR more ) ( NNS imports ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ net ) ( NN result ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NN service ) ( NN surplus ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1988 ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD increased ) ( PP-EXT ( IN by ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 11.3 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 19 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In just these three areas the Commerce Department found 23 billion more exports than previously reported and 11.6 billion more imports with the net result that the U.S. service surplus in 1988 increased by 11.3 billion to 19 billion


( S ( PP ( VBN Combined ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS recalculations ) ( CC and ) ( NNS revisions ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NN trade ) ( NNS areas ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN value ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP U.S. ) ( JJ net ) ( NNS exports ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD had ) ( RB not ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB previously ) ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN recorded ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 20 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN year ) ) ) ) )

Combined with recalculations and revisions in other trade areas the value of U.S. net exports that had not previously been recorded was about 20 billion a year


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT That ) ) ( VP ( VBZ means ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NN trade ) ( NN deficit ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBG running ) ( ADVP-CLR ( ADVP ( ADVP ( RB closer ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP-1 ( QP ( CD 75 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-2 ( IN than ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 95 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1988 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADVP ( NP=1 ( NP ( QP ( CD 55 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( PRN ( VP ( VBN annualized ) ) ) ) ( PP=2 ( RB rather ) ( IN than ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 80 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ first ) ( NN quarter ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD 1989 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

That means that the U.S. trade deficit was running closer to 75 billion than to 95 billion in 1988 and 55 billion annualized rather than 80 billion in the first quarter of 1989


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT These ) ( VBN revised ) ( NNS figures ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB explain ) ( NP ( NP ( DT some ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ recent ) ( NN strength ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN dollar ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

These revised figures also may explain some of the recent strength of the dollar


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( ADJP ( RB materially ) ( JJR smaller ) ) ( NN trade ) ( NN deficit ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( ADVP ( RB already ) ) ( VP ( VBN discounted ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The materially smaller trade deficit may have been already discounted in the market


( SBARQ ( WHNP-1 ( WP What ) ) ( SQ ( VBZ does ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( VP ( NN mean ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN trade ) ( NN policy ) ) ) ) ) )

What does this mean for trade policy


( FRAG ( ADVP ( RB Too ) ( JJ early ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB tell ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN trade ) ( NN deficit ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB significantly ) ( JJR smaller ) ) ( SBAR ( IN than ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP we ) ) ( VP ( VBD imagined ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ does ) ( VP ( VB suggest ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN review ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( NN trade ) ( NN posture ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Too early to tell but a trade deficit that is significantly smaller than we imagined does suggest a review of our trade posture


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VBZ does ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB relieve ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN need ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( JJ market-opening ) ( NNS efforts ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT both ) ( NNS goods ) ( CC and ) ( NNS services ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ does ) ( VP ( VB suggest ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S-CLF ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( NNS exports ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS services ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( RB not ) ( NP ( RB just ) ( NN borrowing ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG financing ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ our ) ( NNS imports ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS goods ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It does not relieve the need for our market-opening efforts for both goods and services but it does suggest that it is our exports of services and not just borrowing that is financing our imports of goods


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Freeman ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ executive ) ( NN vice ) ( NN president ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP American ) ( NNP Express ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Freeman is an executive vice president of American Express


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT A ) ( NN state ) ( NN judge ) ) ( VP ( VBD postponed ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN decision ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN move ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS holders ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Telerate ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB block ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN tender ) ( NN offer ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ( CC & ) ( NNP Co. ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( CD 33 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Telerate ) ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ does ) ( RB n't ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB already ) ) ( VP ( VB own ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A state judge postponed a decision on a move by holders of Telerate Inc. to block the tender offer of Dow Jones & Co. for the 33 % of Telerate it does n't already own


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Vice ) ( NNP Chancellor ) ( NNP Maurice ) ( NNP A. ) ( NNP Hartnett ) ( NNP III ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Delaware ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Court ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Chancery ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD heard ) ( NP ( NNS arguments ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN for ) ( NP ( QP ( JJR more ) ( IN than ) ( CD two ) ) ( NNS hours ) ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB here ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBD made ) ( NP ( DT no ) ( NN comment ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBD asked ) ( NP ( DT no ) ( NNS questions ) ) ) ) ) )

Vice Chancellor Maurice A. Hartnett III of Delaware 's Court of Chancery heard arguments for more than two hours here but he made no comment and asked no questions


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB rule ) ( ADVP-TMP ( ADVP ( RB as ) ( RB early ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NN today ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN motion ) ) ( VP ( VBG seeking ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ temporary ) ( NN injunction ) ) ( PP ( IN against ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ( NN offer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He could rule as early as today on the motion seeking a temporary injunction against the Dow Jones offer


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN offered ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB pay ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( CD 18 ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN share ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 576 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBG remaining ) ( NNP Telerate ) ( NN stake ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Dow Jones has offered to pay 18 a share or about 576 million for the remaining Telerate stake


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( NN offer ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB expire ) ( PP-TMP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( CD 5 ) ( NN p.m. ) ( NNP EST ) ) ) ( PP-TMP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NNP Nov. ) ( CD 6 ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN unless ) ( S ( VP ( VBN extended ) ( ADVP ( RB again ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The offer will expire at 5 p.m. EST on Nov. 6 unless extended again


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Robert ) ( NNP Kornreich ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN attorney ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Telerate ) ( NNS holders ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD told ) ( NP ( NNP Judge ) ( NNP Hartnett ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ( NN offer ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ arrogant ) ( CC and ) ( JJ hostile ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Robert Kornreich an attorney for the Telerate holders told Judge Hartnett the Dow Jones offer is arrogant and hostile


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBD accused ) ( NP-1 ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG using ) ( NP ( JJ unfair ) ( NNS means ) ) ( S-CLR ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB obtain ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN stock ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ unfair ) ( NN price ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He accused Dow Jones of using unfair means to obtain the stock at an unfair price


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Michael ) ( NNP Rauch ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN attorney ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD defended ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN offer ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( ADJP ( JJ adequate ) ) ) ( PP ( VBN based ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBZ considers ) ( S ( NP-PRD ( NP ( JJ realistic ) ( NNS projections ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Telerate ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN revenue ) ( NN growth ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN range ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD 12 ) ( NN % ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Michael Rauch an attorney for Dow Jones defended the offer as adequate based on what the company considers realistic projections of Telerate 's revenue growth in the range of 12 %


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBD contended ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT the ) ( NNS plaintiffs ) ) ( VP ( VBD failed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB cite ) ( NP ( NP ( DT any ) ( JJ legal ) ( NN authority ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB justify ) ( NP ( JJ such ) ( DT an ) ( NN injunction ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He also contended that the plaintiffs failed to cite any legal authority that would justify such an injunction


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Telerate ) ) ( VP ( VBZ provides ) ( NP ( NP ( NN information ) ) ( PP ( IN about ) ( NP ( JJ financial ) ( NNS markets ) ) ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN through ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ electronic ) ( NN network ) ) ) ) )

Telerate provides information about financial markets through an electronic network


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ publishes ) ( NP ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP Wall ) ( NNP Street ) ( NNP Journal ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Barron ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN magazine ) ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NNS periodicals ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN community ) ( NNS newspapers ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBZ operates ) ( NP ( JJ electronic ) ( NN business ) ( NN information ) ( NNS services ) ) ) ) )

Dow Jones publishes The Wall Street Journal Barron 's magazine other periodicals and community newspapers and operates electronic business information services


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Bargain ) ( NNS hunters ) ) ( VP ( VBD helped ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN stock ) ( NNS prices ) ) ( VP ( VB break ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN weeklong ) ( NN losing ) ( NN streak ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN while ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NN bond ) ( NNS prices ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN dollar ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD inched ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RBR higher ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Bargain hunters helped stock prices break a weeklong losing streak while bond prices and the dollar inched higher


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( NNP Dow ) ( NNP Jones ) ( NNP Industrial ) ( NNP Average ) ) ( VP ( VBD gained ) ( NP ( CD 6.76 ) ( NNS points ) ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( CD 2603.48 ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN light ) ( NN trading ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN after ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG losing ) ( NP ( QP ( JJR more ) ( IN than ) ( CD 92 ) ) ( NNS points ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Dow Jones Industrial Average gained 6.76 points to 2603.48 in light trading after losing more than 92 points last week


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NN Bond ) ( NNS prices ) ) ( VP ( VBD continued ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB edge ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RBR higher ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NN anticipation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJR more ) ( NN news ) ) ( VP ( VBG showing ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJR slower ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Bond prices continued to edge higher in anticipation of more news showing a slower economy


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN Although ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN dollar ) ) ( VP ( VBD rose ) ( ADVP ( RB slightly ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN against ) ( NP ( JJS most ) ( JJ major ) ( NNS currencies ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN focus ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN currency ) ( NNS markets ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( PP-PRD ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ beleaguered ) ( JJ British ) ( NN pound ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD gained ) ( ADVP ( RB slightly ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN against ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN dollar ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Although the dollar rose slightly against most major currencies the focus in currency markets was on the beleaguered British pound which gained slightly against the dollar


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NN Trading ) ( NN volume ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP Stock ) ( NNP Exchange ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD dwindled ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( QP ( RB only ) ( CD 126.6 ) ( CD million ) ) ( NNS shares ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NN yesterday ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ major ) ( NN brokerage ) ( NNS firms ) ) ( VP ( VBD continued ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB throw ) ( PRT ( RP in ) ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN towel ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN program ) ( NN trading ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Trading volume on the New York Stock Exchange dwindled to only 126.6 million shares yesterday as major brokerage firms continued to throw in the towel on program trading


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Kidder ) ( NNP Peabody ) ) ( VP ( VBD became ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( RBS most ) ( JJ recent ) ) ( NN firm ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB swear ) ( PRT ( RP off ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ stock-index ) ( NN arbitrage ) ( NN trading ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ own ) ( NN account ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Merrill ) ( NNP Lynch ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ late ) ( NN yesterday ) ) ( VP ( VBD took ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ major ) ( NN step ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG renouncing ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN trading ) ( NN strategy ) ) ( PP ( RB even ) ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NNS clients ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Kidder Peabody became the most recent firm to swear off stock-index arbitrage trading for its own account and Merrill Lynch late yesterday took the major step of renouncing the trading strategy even for its clients


( S ( CC Yet ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT that ) ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VB eliminate ) ( NP ( NN program ) ( NN trading ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN market ) ) ) ) ) )

Yet that did n't eliminate program trading from the market


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Dow ) ( NNS industrials ) ) ( VP ( VBN shot ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RB up ) ) ( NP ( CD 23 ) ( NNS points ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN opening ) ( NN hour ) ) ) ( PP-PRP ( PP ( ADVP ( IN at ) ( JJS least ) ) ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN part ) ) ) ( IN because ) ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN buy ) ( NNS programs ) ) ( VP ( VBN generated ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-HLN ( NP ( JJ stock-index ) ( NN arbitrage ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN form ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN program ) ( NN trading ) ) ) ( PP ( VBG involving ) ( NP ( NNS futures ) ( NNS contracts ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Dow industrials shot up 23 points in the opening hour at least in part because of buy programs generated by stock-index arbitrage a form of program trading involving futures contracts


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( NN interest ) ) ( VP ( VBD waned ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN day ) ) ( VP ( VBD wore ) ( PRT ( RB on ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS investors ) ) ( VP ( VBD looked ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB ahead ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN release ) ) ( NP-TMP ( RB later ) ( DT this ) ( NN week ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD two ) ( JJ important ) ( JJ economic ) ( NNS reports ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But interest waned as the day wore on and investors looked ahead to the release later this week of two important economic reports


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ first ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( NNP Wednesday ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN survey ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN purchasing ) ( NNS managers ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD considered ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ good ) ( NN indicator ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB how ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN nation ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN manufacturing ) ( NN sector ) ) ( VP ( VBD fared ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP October ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The first is Wednesday 's survey of purchasing managers considered a good indicator of how the nation 's manufacturing sector fared in October


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ other ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Friday ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN measure ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP October ) ( NN employment ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN indicator ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJR broader ) ( NN economy ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN health ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The other is Friday 's measure of October employment an indicator of the broader economy 's health


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT Both ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN expected ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB show ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ continued ) ( NN sluggishness ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( JJ good ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNS bonds ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( JJ bad ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNS stocks ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Both are expected to show continued sluggishness which would be good for bonds and bad for stocks


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( JJ major ) ( NN market ) ( NN activity ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NN Stock ) ( NNS prices ) ) ( VP ( VBD rose ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ light ) ( NN trading ) ) ) ) )

In major market activity Stock prices rose in light trading


( S ( CC But ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( VBG declining ) ( NNS issues ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NNP Stock ) ( NNP Exchange ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD outnumbered ) ( NP ( NNS gainers ) ) ( NP-ADV ( NP ( CD 774 ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( CD 684 ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJR broader ) ( NN market ) ( NNS indexes ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB virtually ) ( JJ unchanged ) ) ) ) )

But declining issues on the New York Stock Exchange outnumbered gainers 774 to 684 and broader market indexes were virtually unchanged


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Bond ) ( NNS prices ) ) ( VP ( VBD crept ) ( ADVP-DIR ( RBR higher ) ) ) )

Bond prices crept higher


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP Treasury ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN benchmark ) ( CD 30-year ) ( NN bond ) ) ( VP ( VBN gained ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( DT an ) ( JJ eighth ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN point ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( RB about ) ( CD 1.25 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT each ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 1,000 ) ) ) ( NN face ) ( NN amount ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Treasury 's benchmark 30-year bond gained about an eighth of a point or about 1.25 for each 1,000 face amount


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN yield ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN issue ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD slipped ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( CD 7.92 ) ( NN % ) ) ) ) )

The yield on the issue slipped to 7.92 %


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN dollar ) ) ( VP ( VBD gained ) ) )

The dollar gained


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( JJ late ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NN trading ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NN dollar ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN quoted ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 1.8340 ) ( NNS marks ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( CD 141.90 ) ( NNS yen ) ) ) ) ( PP ( VBN compared ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( CD 1.8300 ) ( NNS marks ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( CD 141.65 ) ( NNS yen ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NNP Friday ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In late New York trading the dollar was quoted at 1.8340 marks and 141.90 yen compared with 1.8300 marks and 141.65 yen Friday


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( JJ British ) ( NN pound ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBN pressured ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS resignations ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ key ) ( NNP Thatcher ) ( NN administration ) ( NNS officials ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( ADVP ( RB nevertheless ) ) ( VP ( VBD rose ) ( NP-TMP ( NNP Monday ) ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( CD 1.5820 ) ) ) ( PP-DIR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Friday ) ( POS 's ) ) ( CD 1.5795 ) ) ) ) )

The British pound pressured by last week 's resignations of key Thatcher administration officials nevertheless rose Monday to 1.5820 from Friday 's 1.5795