( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Watts ) ( NN mall ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ annual ) ( NNS sales ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( JJR more ) ( IN than ) ( CD 350 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN per ) ( NP ( JJ leasable ) ( NN square ) ( NN foot ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN figure ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ comparable ) ( JJ suburban ) ( NN shopping ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( NP-PRD ( CD 200 ) ) ) ) ) )

The Watts mall has annual sales of more than 350 per leasable square foot the figure for a comparable suburban shopping center would be 200


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( CD Three ) ( JJ other ) ( NNP Haagen ) ( NN shopping ) ( NNS centers ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Watts ) ( NN area ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBG doing ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB almost ) ( RB as ) ( RB well ) ) ) ) )

Three other Haagen shopping centers in the Watts area are doing almost as well


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT A ) ( JJ successful ) ( JJ low-crime ) ( NN mall ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ high-crime ) ( NN area ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ violates ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( RBR more ) ( JJ typical ) ( JJ inner-city ) ( NN pattern ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-2 ( IN in ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ commercial ) ( NNS areas ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN taken ) ( PRT ( RP over ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( JJ unruly ) ( NN youth ) ) ( NP ( NNS gangs ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ criminal ) ( NN element ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN erosion ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN customer ) ( NN base ) ) ( NP ( NN development ) ( NN capital ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN insurability ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A successful low-crime mall in a high-crime area violates the more typical inner-city pattern in which commercial areas are taken over by unruly youth gangs and the criminal element with an erosion of the customer base development capital and insurability


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( JJ Major ) ( ADJP ( JJ regional ) ( CC and ) ( JJ national ) ) ( NN chain ) ( NNS stores ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN replaced ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( JJ mom-and-pop ) ( NNS operations ) ) ( VP ( VBG offering ) ( NP ( JJR poorer-quality ) ( NN merchandise ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( JJR higher ) ( NNS prices ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Major regional and national chain stores are replaced by mom-and-pop operations offering poorer-quality merchandise at higher prices


( SINV ( PP-TPC-PRD-1 ( IN Along ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN exodus ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN shopping ) ( NNS opportunities ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN exodus ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS jobs ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( DT the ) ( JJ major ) ( NNS chains ) ) ( VP ( VBD used ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB provide ) ( PP-DTV ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN community ) ( NNS residents ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Along with the exodus of shopping opportunities is an exodus of the jobs that the major chains used to provide to community residents


( S ( ADVP ( RB Thus ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( RB even ) ( JJR more ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ( NNP Center ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ good ) ( NN place ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN shop ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Thus there is even more to the Vermont-Slauson Center than a good place to shop


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT This ) ( JJ defensible ) ( JJ commercial ) ( NN zone ) ) ( VP ( VBZ becomes ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS residents ) ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ secure ) ( NN oasis ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ barren ) ( JJ urban ) ( NN landscape ) ) ) ) ( NP ( NN evidence ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( DT that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN community ) ( NN decay ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB not ) ( JJ inevitable ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS gangs ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB not ) ( JJ invincible ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

This defensible commercial zone becomes for the residents a secure oasis in a barren urban landscape evidence that community decay is not inevitable and that the gangs are not invincible


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT The ) ( NN center ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ improves ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN community ) ( NN image ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNS outsiders ) ) ) ( ADVP ( IN as ) ( RB well ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB help ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB arrest ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB even ) ) ( VB reverse ) ) ( NP-1 ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN exodus ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN capital ) ( CC and ) ( NN investment ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The center improves the community image to outsiders as well and may help to arrest or even reverse the exodus of capital and investment


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT An ) ( JJ additional ) ( NN benefit ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN creation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS jobs ) ) ) ) ) )

An additional benefit is the creation of jobs


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT This ) ) ( VP ( VBZ starts ) ( PP-TMP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN construction ) ( NN phase ) ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN through ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN use ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN minority ) ( NNS contractors ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ local ) ( NNS workers ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

This starts in the construction phase through the use of minority contractors and local workers


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VBZ continues ) ( PP-TMP ( IN through ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN life ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ( NNP Center ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN created ) ( NP ( CD 500 ) ( JJ permanent ) ( NN private-sector ) ( NNS jobs ) ) ( PP ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ one-time ) ( NN cost ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ public ) ( NNS funds ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( RB only ) ( CD 2,500 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN per ) ( NP ( NN job ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It continues through the life of the center the Vermont-Slauson Center has created 500 permanent private-sector jobs at a one-time cost in public funds of only 2,500 per job


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN As ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( JJ many ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS jobs ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN filled ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( JJ local ) ( NNS residents ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP move ) ( PP-DIR ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN welfare ) ( NNS rolls ) ) ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN tax ) ( NNS rolls ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( JJ 2,500-per-job ) ) ( JJ public ) ( NN investment ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB repay ) ( NP ( PRP itself ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ few ) ( NNS years ) ) ) ) ) )

As many of these jobs are filled by local residents who move from the welfare rolls to the tax rolls the 2,500-per-job public investment should repay itself in a few years


( S ( CC And ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT that ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-TMP-PRD ( IN before ) ( NP ( NP ( NN consideration ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( VBN increased ) ( UCP ( NN state ) ( CC and ) ( JJ local ) ) ( NNS revenues ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS taxes ) ( CC and ) ( NNS fees ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS sales ) ) ( NP ( JJ real ) ( NN estate ) ) ( NP ( NNS licenses ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ like ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

And that is before consideration of increased state and local revenues from taxes and fees on sales real estate licenses and the like


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Profits ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBN plowed ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB back ) ) ( PP-DIR ( IN into ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN community ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( JJ non-profit ) ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ( NNP Economic ) ( NNP Development ) ( NNP Corp. ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBZ receives ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 60 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS profits ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ( NNP Center ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBZ uses ) ( NP-1 ( DT the ) ( NN money ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB provide ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( JJ moderate ) ( CC and ) ( JJ low-cost ) ( NN housing ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN community ) ) ) ( PRN ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( VBG running ) ( PP ( IN into ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS hundreds ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS units ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CONJP ( RB as ) ( RB well ) ( IN as ) ) ( NP ( JJ commercial ) ( CC and ) ( JJ industrial ) ( NN development ) ( NNS projects ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Profits are also plowed back into the community the non-profit Vermont-Slauson Economic Development Corp. receives 60 % of the profits from the Vermont-Slauson Center and uses the money to provide moderate and low-cost housing in the community now running into the hundreds of units as well as commercial and industrial development projects


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Bradford ) ( NNP Crowe ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN director ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN mayor ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP City ) ( NNP Economic ) ( NNP Development ) ( NNP Office ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ says ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX There ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( DT no ) ( NN question ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN halo ) ( NN effect ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBG surrounding ) ( NN neighborhood ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Bradford Crowe director of the mayor 's City Economic Development Office says There is no question that Vermont-Slauson had a halo effect on the surrounding neighborhood


( S ( SBAR-NOM-SBJ ( WHNP-1 ( WP What ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ deteriorated ) ( NN area ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NN nothing ) ) ( PP ( CC but ) ( NP ( NP ( NN wig ) ( NNS shops ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN shoe ) ( NNS shops ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( VP ( VBG experiencing ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ major ) ( NN upgrading ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( UCP ( NN housing ) ( CC and ) ( JJ commercial ) ) ( NN stock ) ) ) ) ( NP-ADV ( NP ( NNS thanks ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( RB continuously ) ( VBN replenished ) ) ( NN source ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ revitalization ) ( NN capital ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ) ( VP ( VBZ yields ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

What had been a deteriorated area with nothing but wig shops and shoe shops is now experiencing a major upgrading in the housing and commercial stock thanks to a continuously replenished source of revitalization capital that Vermont-Slauson yields


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT Another ) ( NN benefit ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ substantial ) ( NNS percentages ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS proprietors ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS centers ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NN minority ) ( NNS businessmen ) ( CC and ) ( NNS women ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Another benefit is that substantial percentages of the proprietors in these centers are minority businessmen and women


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Grand ) ( NNP Boulevard ) ( NNP Plaza ) ) ( VP ( VBN developed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NNP Matanky ) ( NNP Realty ) ( NNP Group ) ) ( PP-LOC ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Chicago ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Third ) ( NNP Ward ) ) ) ( PP ( IN opposite ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Robert ) ( NNP Taylor ) ( NNPS Homes ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( CD 29 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS stores ) ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN date ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN leased ) ( PP-DTV-2 ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNS blacks ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ=1 ( CD 14 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP-DTV=2 ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS members ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NN minority ) ( NNS groups ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In the Grand Boulevard Plaza developed by Matanky Realty Group in Chicago 's Third Ward opposite the Robert Taylor Homes 29 % of the stores to date have been leased to blacks and 14 % to members of other minority groups


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS Children ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN community ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( NP ( NP ( JJR worthier ) ( NN role ) ( NNS models ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN drug ) ( NNS kingpins ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Children from the community will have worthier role models than the drug kingpins


( SBAR ( ADVP ( RB So ) ) ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( SQ ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( NP-PRD ( DT the ) ( NN catch ) ) ) ) )

So what 's the catch


( FRAG ( SBAR ( ADVP ( RB Primarily ) ) ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( S ( VP ( VBG putting ) ( NP ( NP ( CD one ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( JJ inner-city ) ( NNS deals ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-PUT ( RB together ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ takes ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NN time ) ) ( NP ( NN patience ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN breadth ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN vision ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN negotiating ) ( NNS skills ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( RB not ) ( DT all ) ( NNS developers ) ) ( VP ( VBP possess ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Primarily that putting one of these inner-city deals together takes time patience breadth of vision and negotiating skills that not all developers possess


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Security ) ( NNS costs ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB quite ) ( JJ high ) ) ) )

Security costs are also quite high


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( CD One ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS centers ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB involve ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS years ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG negotiating ) ( PP ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ numerous ) ( JJ public ) ( NNS agencies ) ) ( NP ( JJ local ) ( JJ political ) ( NNS leaders ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN citizen ) ( NNS groups ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ prospective ) ( NNS tenants ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS sources ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN financing ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

One of these centers can involve years of negotiating with numerous public agencies local political leaders and citizen groups and with prospective tenants and sources of financing


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Suburban ) ( NNS deals ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( RB not ) ( PP-PRD ( IN without ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NNS delays ) ( CC and ) ( NNS complications ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ inner-city ) ( NNS deals ) ) ( ADVP ( RB just ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( NP ( NP ( JJR more ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP them ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Suburban deals are not without their delays and complications inner-city deals just have more of them


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NN Security ) ) ( PP ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ typical ) ( NNP Haagen ) ( JJ inner-city ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ impressive ) ( CC but ) ( JJ unobtrusive ) ) ) )

Security at a typical Haagen inner-city center is impressive but unobtrusive


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( JJ entire ) ( NN site ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN enclosed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ 6-to-8-foot-high ) ( JJ ornamental ) ( NN iron ) ( NN fence ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ small ) ( NN number ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ remote-controlled ) ( NNS gates ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The entire site is enclosed by a 6-to-8-foot-high ornamental iron fence with a small number of remote-controlled gates


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Shrubs ) ( CC and ) ( NNS flowers ) ) ( VP ( VBP give ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( NN pleasing ) ( CC and ) ( JJ non-fortress-like ) ) ( NN appearance ) ) ) )

Shrubs and flowers give it a pleasing and non-fortress-like appearance


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ Infrared ) ( NN motion ) ( NNS detectors ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ closed-circuit ) ( NN TV ) ( NNS cameras ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP monitor ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ entire ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN lighting ) ( NNS levels ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( QP ( CD three ) ( TO to ) ( CD five ) ( NNS times ) ) ( DT the ) ( NN industry ) ( NN standard ) ) ) ) )

Infrared motion detectors and closed-circuit TV cameras monitor the entire center lighting levels are three to five times the industry standard


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN security ) ( NN command ) ( NN post ) ) ( VP ( VBN camouflaged ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( JJ second-story ) ( JJ retail ) ( NN space ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ own ) ( NP ( NN crow ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN nest ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN above ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS roofs ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ other ) ( NNS buildings ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ panoramic ) ( NN view ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ entire ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The security command post camouflaged as second-story retail space has its own crow 's nest above the roofs of the other buildings with a panoramic view of the entire center


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Local ) ( NN law ) ( NN enforcement ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ present ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ sub-station ) ( JJ occupying ) ( NN space ) ) ( VP ( VBN donated ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( DT the ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Local law enforcement is present in a sub-station occupying space donated by the center


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT These ) ( NNS features ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBN used ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Matanky ) ( NNP Realty ) ( NNP Group ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Grand ) ( NNP Boulevard ) ( NNP Plaza ) ) ) ) ) )

These features are also used in Matanky Realty Group 's Grand Boulevard Plaza


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Haagen ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ own ) ( JJ large ) ( NN security ) ( NN force ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ well-trained ) ( CC and ) ( JJ well-paid ) ( NNS personnel ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ round-the-clock ) ( NN duty ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT each ) ( NN center ) ) ) ) )

Haagen has its own large security force of well-trained and well-paid personnel on round-the-clock duty at each center


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Security ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( QP ( CD 60 ) ( NN % ) ( TO to ) ( CD 70 ) ( NN % ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ common ) ( NN area ) ( NNS charges ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS centers ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( FW vs. ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN industry ) ( NN average ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( IN about ) ( CD 15 ) ) ( NN % ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Security is 60 % to 70 % of the common area charges of these centers vs. an industry average of about 15 %


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT These ) ( NN security ) ( NNS costs ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN kept ) ( S ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ off-budget ) ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN because ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS centers ) ( POS ' ) ) ( NN site ) ( NN acquisition ) ( NN construction ) ( CC and ) ( NN financing ) ( NNS costs ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBN reduced ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( JJ such ) ( NNS programs ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Urban ) ( NNP Development ) ( NNP Action ) ( NNPS Grants ) ) ( NP ( NNP Economic ) ( NNP Development ) ( NNP Administration ) ( NNPS Grants ) ) ( NP ( NNP Community ) ( NNP Development ) ( NNP Block ) ( NNPS Grants ) ) ( NP ( JJ tax-free ) ( NNP Industrial ) ( NNP Development ) ( NNPS Bonds ) ) ( NP ( NNP Enterprise ) ( NNP Zone ) ( NN tax ) ( NN write-offs ) ) ( NP ( NN city ) ( NN infrastructure ) ( NNS grants ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NN tax ) ( NN increment ) ( NN financing ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

These security costs are kept off-budget because the centers ' site acquisition construction and financing costs were reduced by such programs as Urban Development Action Grants Economic Development Administration Grants Community Development Block Grants tax-free Industrial Development Bonds Enterprise Zone tax write-offs city infrastructure grants and tax increment financing


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ Many ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS programs ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB no ) ( RB longer ) ) ( VBP exist ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB severely ) ) ( VP ( VBN cut ) ( PRT ( RB back ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Many of these programs no longer exist or have been severely cut back


( S ( ADVP ( RB However ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN since ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT these ) ( NNS centers ) ) ( VP ( VBP appear ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB pay ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP themselves ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NN nothing ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB prevent ) ( NP-2 ( UCP ( NN state ) ( CC and ) ( JJ local ) ) ( NNS governments ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG enacting ) ( NP ( NP ( NN legislation ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( JJ similar ) ( NNS provisions ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

However since these centers appear to pay for themselves there is nothing to prevent state and local governments from enacting legislation with similar provisions


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Many ) ( NNS states ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB already ) ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( NP ( NP ( NN Enterprise ) ( NNS Zones ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NN legislation ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ combines ) ( NP ( NP ( NN tax ) ( NNS incentives ) ) ( NP ( NNS loans ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNS grants ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB encourage ) ( NP ( NP ( NN investment ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ depressed ) ( NNS areas ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS requirements ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN hiring ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ unemployed ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNS minorities ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Many states already have Enterprise Zones and legislation that combines tax incentives loans and grants to encourage investment in depressed areas with requirements for the hiring of the unemployed and minorities


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT These ) ( NNS programs ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN expanded ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB focus ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNS funds ) ) ( PP ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN project ) ( NN planning ) ) ) ) ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG identifying ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS sources ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS funds ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( PP-4 ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VP ( VBG acquiring ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN site ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBG preparing ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

These programs could be expanded to focus on funds for project planning identifying sources of funds and for acquiring a site and preparing it


( S ( S-NOM-SBJ ( VP ( VBG Combatting ) ( NP ( NP ( NN crime ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN fear ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( ADJP ( JJ inner-city ) ( JJ commercial ) ) ( NNS areas ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB give ) ( NP ( NN Enterprise ) ( NNS Zones ) ) ( NP ( NP ( JJR more ) ( NN success ) ) ( SBAR ( IN than ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJS most ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN enjoyed ) ( PP-TMP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN date ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Combatting crime and the fear of it in inner-city commercial areas should give Enterprise Zones more success than most have enjoyed to date


( S ( SBAR ( IN With ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ many ) ( JJ suburban ) ( NNS areas ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB basically ) ( JJ overbuilt ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NN shopping ) ( NNS centers ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( JJ inner-city ) ( NNS areas ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB represent ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ major ) ( JJ new ) ( JJ untapped ) ( NN market ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN investment ) ) ) ) ) ) )

With many suburban areas basically overbuilt with shopping centers inner-city areas may represent a major new untapped market for investment


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ New ) ( NNS approaches ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN mall ) ( NN design ) ( CC and ) ( NN operation ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP make ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ possible ) ) ( S-1 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB tap ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS markets ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

New approaches to mall design and operation make it possible to tap these markets


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN If ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNS risks ) ( CC and ) ( NNS rewards ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ reasonable ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNS developers ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB respond ) ) ) )

If the risks and rewards are reasonable developers will respond


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NN Government ) ( NNS officials ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP wonder ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHADJP-2 ( WRB how ) ( JJ important ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-4 ( IN for ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP them ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB encourage ) ( NP ( NP ( NN development ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ high-risk ) ( NNS areas ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VP ( VB visit ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Vermont-Slauson ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NNP Grand ) ( NNP Boulevard ) ( NNP Plaza ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VB decide ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP themselves ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Government officials who wonder how important it is for them to encourage development in high-risk areas should visit Vermont-Slauson and Grand Boulevard Plaza and decide for themselves


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN answer ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ obvious ) ) ) ) )

The answer will be obvious


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Titus ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN researcher ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Justice ) ( NNP Department ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP National ) ( NNP Institute ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Justice ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Titus is a researcher at the Justice Department 's National Institute of Justice


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT A ) ( NN group ) ) ( PP ( VBG including ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP ESL ) ( NNPS Partners ) ( NNP Ltd. ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NAC-LOC ( NNP Fort ) ( NNP Worth ) ( NNP Texas ) ) ( NN investment ) ( NN partnership ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Richard ) ( NNP E. ) ( NNP Rainwater ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ former ) ( NN adviser ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Fort ) ( NNP Worth ) ( NNP Bass ) ( NN family ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBD reduced ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN stake ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Anacomp ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 3.6 ) ( NN % ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ common ) ( NNS shares ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ outstanding ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

A group including ESL Partners Ltd. a Fort Worth Texas investment partnership and Richard E. Rainwater a former adviser to the Fort Worth Bass family said it reduced its stake in Anacomp Inc. to 3.6 % of the common shares outstanding


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN filing ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNPS Securities ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Exchange ) ( NNP Commission ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN group ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBD sold ) ( NP ( CD 1,325,900 ) ( NNP Anacomp ) ( JJ common ) ( NNS shares ) ) ( PP-TMP ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNP Aug. ) ( CD 31 ) ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ last ) ( NNP Wednesday ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 4.48 ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 5.84 ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN share ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG resulting ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN drop ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NNS holdings ) ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( CD 1,351,662 ) ( NNS shares ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission the group said it sold 1,325,900 Anacomp common shares from Aug. 31 to last Wednesday for 4.48 to 5.84 a share resulting in a drop in its holdings to 1,351,662 shares


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT No ) ( NN reason ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN given ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN filing ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS sales ) ) ) ) ) )

No reason was given in the filing for the sales


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT An ) ( NNP Anacomp ) ( NN official ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Indianapolis ) ( NNS computer-services ) ( NN concern ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( NP ( NP ( DT no ) ( NN comment ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN group ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN share ) ( NNS sales ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

An Anacomp official said the Indianapolis computer-services concern had no comment on the group 's share sales


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN In ) ( NP ( NNP March ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN group ) ) ( VP ( VBD disclosed ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBD held ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( CD 7.2 ) ( NN % ) ( NN stake ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Anacomp ) ) ) ) ( PP-PRP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN investment ) ( NNS purposes ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In March the group disclosed it held a 7.2 % stake in Anacomp for investment purposes


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB then ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN had ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB continue ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB have ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-1 ( NP ( NNS discussions ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Anacomp ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN management ) ) ) ( PP ( VBG concerning ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN investment ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It said then it had had and would continue to have discussions with Anacomp 's management concerning its investment


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS terms ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ sheer ) ( NN brutality ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Somali ) ( NN regime ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Siad ) ( NNP Barre ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB rank ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP No. ) ( CD 1 ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN world ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In terms of sheer brutality the Somali regime of Siad Barre may rank as No. 1 in the world


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ only ) ( NN reason ) ( SBAR ( DT that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Somalia ) ) ( VP ( VBZ remains ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN obscurity ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NNS numbers ) ) ( FRAG ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( RB sparsely ) ( JJ populated ) ) ( NN wasteland ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 8.5 ) ( CD million ) ) ( NNS people ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN spread ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB out ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN over ) ( NP ( NP ( DT an ) ( NN expanse ) ) ( NP ( NP ( RB nearly ) ( DT the ) ( NN size ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Texas ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The only reason that Somalia remains in obscurity is numbers a sparsely populated wasteland of 8.5 million people spread out over an expanse nearly the size of Texas


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Barre ) ( NN dictatorship ) ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB simply ) ) ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ limited ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN amount ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS people ) ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( MD can ) ( VP ( VB torture ) ( CC and ) ( VB kill ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The Barre dictatorship simply is limited in the amount of people it can torture and kill


( S ( S-NOM-SBJ ( VP ( VP ( VBG Beheading ) ( NP ( JJ small ) ( NNS children ) ) ) ( VP ( VBG stabbing ) ( NP ( JJ elderly ) ( NNS people ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN death ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBG raping ) ( CC and ) ( VBG shooting ) ( NP ( NNS women ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VBG burying ) ( NP ( NNS people ) ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB alive ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( RB just ) ( DT a ) ( JJ few ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ grisly ) ( NNS activities ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-3 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT the ) ( JJ Somali ) ( JJ armed ) ( NNS forces ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN engaged ) ( PP-CLR ( IN in ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN over ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ past ) ( CD two ) ( NNS years ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Beheading small children stabbing elderly people to death raping and shooting women and burying people alive are just a few of the grisly activities that the Somali armed forces have been engaged in over the past two years


( S ( NP-SBJ ( QP ( IN Up ) ( TO to ) ( CD 500,000 ) ) ( NNPS Somalis ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN escaped ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ relative ) ( NN safety ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ Marxist ) ( NNP Ethiopia ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-PRP ( IN because ) ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN behavior ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP President ) ( NNP Barre ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS troops ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Up to 500,000 Somalis have escaped to the relative safety of Marxist Ethiopia because of the behavior of President Barre 's troops


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN port ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Berbera ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN example ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( NNS hundreds ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS men ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ rival ) ( NNP Issak ) ( NN clan ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VP ( VBN rounded ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP May ) ( CD 1988 ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN imprisoned ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB then ) ) ( VBN taken ) ( ADVP ( RB out ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN at ) ( NP ( NN night ) ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS groups ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( QP ( CD five ) ( TO to ) ( CD 50 ) ) ( NNS men ) ) ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN executed ) ( PP-MNR ( IN without ) ( NP ( DT any ) ( JJ judicial ) ( NN process ) ( RB whatsoever ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In the port of Berbera for example hundreds of men of the rival Issak clan were rounded up in May 1988 imprisoned and then taken out at night in groups of five to 50 men to be executed without any judicial process whatsoever


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS Guns ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB never ) ) ( VBN used ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT Each ) ( NN man ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN stabbed ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN death ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ large ) ( NN knife ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Guns were never used Each man was stabbed to death with a large knife


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ horrific ) ( NNS details ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB only ) ( RB now ) ) ( VP ( VBG emerging ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( RB painstakingly ) ( VBN documented ) ( NN report ) ) ( PP ( VBN based ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS hundreds ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS interviews ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( RB randomly ) ( VBN selected ) ( NNS refugees ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The horrific details are only now emerging from a painstakingly documented report based on hundreds of interviews with randomly selected refugees


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( NN study ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN done ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( NP ( NNP Robert ) ( NNP Gersony ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN consultant ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NNP State ) ( NNP Department ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS years ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN experience ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG investigating ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ human-rights ) ( NNS abuses ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT both ) ( NNS sides ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ left-right ) ( JJ ideological ) ( NN divide ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The study was done by Robert Gersony a consultant to the U.S. State Department who has years of experience in investigating human-rights abuses on both sides of the left-right ideological divide


( S ( SBAR-NOM-SBJ ( WHNP-1 ( WP What ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ gives ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS events ) ) ( NP ( JJ particular ) ( NN significance ) ) ) ) ) ( ADVP ( RB however ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( DT the ) ( NN fact ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NN part ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJR wider ) ( NN drama ) ) ( VP ( VBG affecting ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ strategic ) ( NNS positions ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT both ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Soviet ) ( NNP Union ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN horn ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Africa ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

What gives these events particular significance however is the fact that they are part of a wider drama affecting the strategic positions of both the U.S. and the Soviet Union on the horn of Africa


( SINV ( PP-TMP ( RB Not ) ( IN since ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ late ) ( NNS 1970s ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN horn ) ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( PP-PRD ( PP ( RB so ) ( IN up ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNS grabs ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB suddenly ) ) ( VBN become ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( RB just ) ( DT the ) ( JJ past ) ( JJ few ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Not since the late 1970s has the horn been so up for grabs as it has suddenly become in just the past few weeks


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Barre ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN rule ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG crumbling ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB fast ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Barre 's rule is crumbling fast


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS Mutinies ) ) ( VP ( VBP wrack ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ armed ) ( NNS forces ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( RB really ) ( RB just ) ( DT an ) ( JJ armed ) ( NN gang ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP control ) ( NP ( QP ( JJR less ) ( IN than ) ( PDT half ) ) ( DT the ) ( NN country ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mutinies wrack his armed forces really just an armed gang which control less than half the country


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Inflation ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-LOC-PRD ( IN at ) ( NP ( NN record ) ( NNS levels ) ) ) ) )

Inflation is at record levels


( S ( S-ADV ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ Desperate ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN called ) ( PRT ( RP in ) ) ( NP-3 ( DT the ) ( NNPS Libyans ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB help ) ( S ( VP ( VB fight ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS rebels ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Somali ) ( NNP National ) ( NNP Movement ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN north ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( RB only ) ( CD one ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ several ) ( NNS groups ) ) ( VP ( VBG picking ) ( PRT ( RP away ) ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN regime ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN capital ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Mogadishu ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Desperate he has called in the Libyans to help fight the rebels of the Somali National Movement in the north which is only one of several groups picking away at the regime in the capital of Mogadishu


( S ( S-ADV ( UCP-PRD ( ADJP ( NP ( CD Seventy ) ( NNS years ) ) ( JJ old ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ self-declared ) ( JJ scientific ) ( NN socialist ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNP President ) ( NNP Barre ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN power ) ( NN base ) ) ( VP ( VBN composed ) ( PP-CLR ( RB only ) ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN minority ) ( NNP Mareham ) ( NN clan ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( PP ( VBG according ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNS observers ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG narrowing ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Seventy years old and a self-declared scientific socialist President Barre has a power base composed only of his minority Mareham clan that according to observers is narrowing


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN interest ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Somalia ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ consists ) ( PP-CLR ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ single ) ( NN runway ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN port ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Berbera ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NNP U.S. ) ( JJ military ) ( NN aircraft ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN right ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB use ) ( PP-PRP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NN surveillance ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Gulf ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Aden ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Indian ) ( NNP Ocean ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The U.S. 's interest in Somalia consists of a single runway at the port of Berbera which U.S. military aircraft have the right to use for surveillance of the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT That ) ( NN strip ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN concrete ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN backed ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ few ) ( JJ one-story ) ( JJ air-conditioned ) ( NNS shacks ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB where ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN handful ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ American ) ( NNS nationals ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( VP ( VBN buttressed ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( VBN imported ) ( NN food ) ) ( NP ( JJ cold ) ( JJ soft ) ( NNS drinks ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ back ) ( NNS issues ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNPS Sports ) ( NNP Illustrated ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP maintain ) ( NP ( NP ( NN radio ) ( NN contact ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ outside ) ( NN world ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

That strip of concrete is backed up by a few one-story air-conditioned shacks where a handful of American nationals buttressed by imported food cold soft drinks and back issues of Sports Illustrated maintain radio contact with the outside world


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ past ) ( CD two ) ( NNS years ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN desert ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN behind ) ( NP ( PRP them ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN become ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN land ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NN mass ) ( NNS executions ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ utter ) ( NN anarchy ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB where ) ) ( S ( PP-PRP ( JJ due ) ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Barre ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN brutality ) ( CC and ) ( NN ineptitude ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NN nobody ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB any ) ( RB longer ) ) ( PP-PRD ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN control ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In the past two years the desert behind them has become a land of mass executions and utter anarchy where due to Mr. Barre 's brutality and ineptitude nobody is any longer in control


( S ( SBAR ( ADVP ( RB As ) ( RB long ) ( IN as ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ rival ) ( JJ Soviet-backed ) ( NN regime ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Mengistu ) ( NNP Haile ) ( NNP Mariam ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD held ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ total ) ( NN gridlock ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN over ) ( NP ( VBG neighboring ) ( NNP Ethiopia ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN forced ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB accept ) ( NP ( DT that ) ( JJ lonely ) ( NNP Berbera ) ( NN runway ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ distant ) ( NN No. ) ( CD 2 ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNPS Soviets ) ( POS ' ) ) ( NN array ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS airfields ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN next ) ( NP ( NN door ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

As long as the rival Soviet-backed regime of Mengistu Haile Mariam held a total gridlock over neighboring Ethiopia the U.S. was forced to accept that lonely Berbera runway as a distant No. 2 to the Soviets ' array of airfields next door


( S ( CC But ) ( PP-PRP ( RB due ) ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ dramatic ) ( NNS events ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN battlefield ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN over ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ past ) ( JJ few ) ( NNS days ) ( CC and ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT those ) ( JJ Soviet ) ( NNS bases ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB soon ) ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( ADJP ( RB as ) ( VBN endangered ) ) ( CC and ) ( ADJP ( RB as ) ( JJ lonely ) ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ American ) ( NN runway ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But due to dramatic events on the battlefield over the past few days and weeks those Soviet bases may soon be as endangered and as lonely as the American runway


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN On ) ( NP ( NNP Sept. ) ( CD 7 ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( VBD wrote ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS pages ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN about ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBG killing ) ( CC and ) ( VBG capturing ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( CD 10,000 ) ( JJ Ethiopian ) ( NNS soldiers ) ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( JJ Eritrean ) ( CC and ) ( JJ Tigrean ) ( NNS guerrillas ) ) ) ) ) ) )

On Sept. 7 I wrote on these pages about the killing and capturing of 10,000 Ethiopian soldiers by Eritrean and Tigrean guerrillas


( S ( ADVP-TMP ( RB Recently ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Wollo ) ( NN province ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN center ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Ethiopia ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Tigrean ) ( NNS forces ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN killed ) ( VBN wounded ) ( CC and ) ( VBN captured ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ additional ) ( CD 20,000 ) ( NN government ) ( NNS troops ) ) ) ) )

Recently in Wollo province in the center of Ethiopia Tigrean forces have killed wounded and captured an additional 20,000 government troops


( S ( VP ( VB Think ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT these ) ( NNS numbers ) ) ( VP ( VBP mean ) ) ) ) ( PP ( VBG considering ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN headline ) ( NN space ) ) ( VP ( VBN devoted ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS hundreds ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS deaths ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Lebanon ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ small ) ( NN country ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ little ) ( JJ strategic ) ( NN importance ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Think what these numbers mean considering the headline space devoted to hundreds of deaths in Lebanon a small country of little strategic importance


( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( JJ Tigrean ) ( NNS armies ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB now ) ) ( ADVP-LOC-PRD ( NP ( CD 200 ) ( NNS miles ) ) ( RB north ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Addis ) ( NNP Ababa ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VP ( VBG threatening ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN town ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Dese ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB cut ) ( PRT ( RP off ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Mengistu ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN capital ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN port ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Assab ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHPP-2 ( IN through ) ( WHNP ( WDT which ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT all ) ( NN fuel ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ other ) ( NNS supplies ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP reach ) ( NP ( NNP Addis ) ( NNP Ababa ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Tigrean armies are now 200 miles north of Addis Ababa threatening the town of Dese which would cut off Mr. Mengistu 's capital from the port of Assab through which all fuel and other supplies reach Addis Ababa


( S ( PP ( IN As ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN result ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Mengistu ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN forced ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB transfer ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS thousands ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS troops ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNP Eritrea ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( ADVP ( RB just ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB hold ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN town ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( ADVP ( RB thereby ) ) ( VBG risking ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN loss ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( RB even ) ( JJR more ) ( NN territory ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Eritrea ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( ADVP ( RB only ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB keep ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNPS Tigreans ) ) ( PP-LOC-PRD ( IN at ) ( NP ( NN bay ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

As a result Mr. Mengistu has been forced to transfer thousands of troops from Eritrea just to hold the town thereby risking the loss of even more territory in Eritrea only to keep the Tigreans at bay


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Mengistu ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( PP-PRD ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT an ) ( RB increasingly ) ( JJ weak ) ( NN position ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PDT Half ) ( PRP$ his ) ( NN army ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBN tied ) ( PRT ( RP down ) ) ( S-CLR ( VP ( VBG defending ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ northern ) ( NN city ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Asmara ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNPS Eritreans ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Mengistu is in an increasingly weak position Half his army is tied down defending the northern city of Asmara from the Eritreans


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( X ( DT The ) ( JJR weaker ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ gets ) ) ) ) ( X ( DT the ) ( RBR more ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ turns ) ( PP-DIR ( IN toward ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN help ) ) ) ) )

The weaker he gets the more he turns toward the U.S. for help


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN While ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNPS Tigreans ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NNS communists ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN like ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNPS Eritreans ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( PP-PRD ( IN among ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( RBS most ) ( JJ anti-Soviet ) ( NNS guerrillas ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN world ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG having ) ( VP ( VBN suffered ) ( NP ( NP ( JJR more ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN decade ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ aerial ) ( NN bombardment ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Soviet-supplied ) ( NNP Mengistu ) ( NN air ) ( NN force ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

While the Tigreans are communists like the Eritreans they are among the most anti-Soviet guerrillas in the world having suffered more than a decade of aerial bombardment by the Soviet-supplied Mengistu air force


( S ( SBAR-NOM-SBJ ( WHNP-1 ( WP What ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( ADVP ( DT all ) ) ( VP ( NNS means ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NN shorthand ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( DT that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( JJ Soviet ) ( NN dominance ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Ethiopia ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG collapsing ) ( ADVP-MNR ( ADVP ( RB as ) ( RB fast ) ) ( SBAR ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( NNP President ) ( NNP Barre ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN regime ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Somalia ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

What this all means in shorthand is that Soviet dominance in Ethiopia is collapsing as fast as President Barre 's regime in Somalia is


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( ADVP ( RB therefore ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ historic ) ( NN opportunity ) ( S ( VP ( DT both ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB strike ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN blow ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( JJ human ) ( NNS rights ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Somalia ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB undo ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN superpower ) ( NN flip-flop ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ late ) ( NNS 1970s ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Horn ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Africa ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The U.S. therefore has a historic opportunity both to strike a blow for human rights in Somalia and to undo the superpower flip-flop of the late 1970s on the Horn of Africa


( FRAG ( ADVP ( RB Back ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NN Somalia ) ) ) ) )

Back to Somalia


( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( DT The ) ( NNP State ) ( NNP Department ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN credit ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB already ) ) ( VP ( VBN begun ) ( S ( VP ( VBG distancing ) ( NP ( PRP itself ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Barre ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBN evinced ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( PRP$ its ) ( NN decision ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB publish ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Gersony ) ( NN report ) ) ( PRN ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN press ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN ignored ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The State Department to its credit has already begun distancing itself from Mr. Barre evinced by its decision to publish the Gersony report which the press has ignored


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( WHNP-1 ( WP What ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( NP-PRD ( JJR more ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN suspended ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 2.5 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ military ) ( NN aid ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 1 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ economic ) ( NN aid ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

What 's more the U.S. has suspended 2.5 million in military aid and 1 million in economic aid


( S ( CC But ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB not ) ( JJ enough ) ) ) )

But this is not enough


( S ( SBAR-PRP ( IN Because ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB still ) ) ( VP ( VBN perceived ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN tied ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Barre ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBZ goes ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN runway ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB go ) ( ADVP ( RB too ) ) ) ) )

Because the U.S. is still perceived to be tied to Mr. Barre when he goes the runway could go too


( S ( PP ( VBG Considering ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHADJP-1 ( WRB how ) ( JJ tenuous ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN security ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT that ) ( NN runway ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-PRD ( RB anyway ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJR better ) ( NN option ) ) ( PRN ( ADVP ( DT both ) ( RB morally ) ( CC and ) ( RB strategically ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN for ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Bush ) ( NN administration ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB blast ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN regime ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB publicly ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS terms ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ clear ) ( RB enough ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT all ) ( JJ influential ) ( NNPS Somalis ) ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB understand ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Considering how tenuous the security of that runway is anyway the better option both morally and strategically would be for the Bush administration to blast the regime publicly in terms clear enough for all influential Somalis to understand


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP It ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( NP-PRD ( DT a ) ( NN certainty ) ) ( SBAR-2 ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Barre ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS days ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN numbered ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It is a certainty that Mr. Barre 's days are numbered


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB take ) ( NP-CLR ( NN care ) ( ADVP ( RB however ) ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( JJ own ) ( NN position ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN country ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ does ) ( RB not ) ( VP ( VB go ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB down ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( PRP him ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The U.S. should take care however that its own position in the country does not go down with him


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Nobody ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ sure ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB come ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ next ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Somalia ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP whom ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN successor ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB be ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Nobody is sure what will come next in Somalia or whom the successor might be


( S ( CC But ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( CD one ) ( NN expert ) ) ( VP ( VBZ tells ) ( NP ( PRP me ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-NOM-SBJ-2 ( WHNP-1 ( WP Whoever ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB work ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB pretty ) ( RB damn ) ( JJ hard ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( ADJP-PRD ( ADJP ( JJR worse ) ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( NP ( NNP Barre ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But as one expert tells me Whoever it is will have to work pretty damn hard to be worse than Barre


( S ( SBAR ( IN While ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP State ) ( NNP Department ) ) ( VP ( VBZ positions ) ( NP ( PRP itself ) ) ( PP-PRP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ post-Barre ) ( NN period ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Somalia ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB continue ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB back ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ former ) ( NNP President ) ( NNP Carter ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ well-intentioned ) ( NN role ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN mediator ) ) ( PP ( IN between ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Mengistu ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Eritrean ) ( NNS guerrillas ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Ethiopia ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-TMP ( IN while ) ( S ( ADVP-MNR ( RB concomitantly ) ) ( VP ( VBG opening ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS channels ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS communications ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ Tigrean ) ( NNS rebels ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC-MNR ( IN through ) ( NP ( VBG neighboring ) ( NNP Sudan ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

While the State Department positions itself for the post-Barre period in Somalia it should continue to back former President Carter 's well-intentioned role as a mediator between Mr. Mengistu and the Eritrean guerrillas in Ethiopia while concomitantly opening up channels of communications with the Tigrean rebels through neighboring Sudan


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Ethiopian ) ( NNS politics ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( RBS most ) ( JJ sophisticated ) ( JJ secretive ) ( CC and ) ( JJ Byzantine ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT all ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( JJ black ) ( NNP Africa ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Ethiopian politics are the most sophisticated secretive and Byzantine in all of black Africa


( S ( VP ( VB Remember ) ( NP ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBD took ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Mengistu ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ many ) ( NNS months ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD became ) ( VP ( VBN known ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( VBG creeping ) ( NN coup ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB topple ) ( NP ( NNP Emperor ) ( NNP Haile ) ( NNP Selassie ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1974 ) ( CC and ) ( CD 1975 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Remember that it took Mr. Mengistu many months in what became known as the creeping coup to topple Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974 and 1975


( S ( NP-SBJ ( EX There ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB simply ) ) ( NP-PRD ( DT no ) ( NN way ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB engineer ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN succession ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB covertly ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR ( IN as ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( RB sometimes ) ( JJ possible ) ) ( NP-LOC ( NP ( RB elsewhere ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN continent ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

There is simply no way to engineer a succession covertly as is sometimes possible elsewhere on the continent


( S ( CC But ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( CD one ) ( JJ great ) ( NN advantage ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT The ) ( NNPS Soviets ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB universally ) ) ( VBN loathed ) ( PP-LOC ( IN throughout ) ( NP ( NN Ethiopia ) ) ) ( SBAR-PRP ( IN for ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHNP-2 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN country ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( DT this ) ( JJ past ) ( NN decade ) ) ( NP-ADV ( NP ( NN famine ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT all ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

But the U.S. has one great advantage The Soviets are universally loathed throughout Ethiopia for what they did to the country this past decade famine and all


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP It ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( PP-PRD ( RB not ) ( RB just ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Eastern ) ( NNP Europe ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB where ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN march ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS events ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB finally ) ) ( PP-PRD ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NN side ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN horn ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Africa ) ) ) ) ( ADVP ( RB as ) ( RB well ) ) ) ) ) )

It 's not just in Eastern Europe where the march of events is finally on the U.S. side but on the horn of Africa as well


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( JJ only ) ( NNP U.S. ) ( NN liability ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN region ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( WHNP-2 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ remains ) ( PP-PRD ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN link ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Barre ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT that ) ) ( VP ( MD should ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN cut ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB fast ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The only U.S. liability in the region is what remains of the link to Mr. Barre and that should be cut fast


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Kaplan ) ) ( NP ( NP ( NN author ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP-TTL ( S ( VP ( VB Surrender ) ( CC or ) ( VB Starve ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNS Wars ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN Behind ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN Famine ) ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP ( NNP Westview ) ( NNP Press ) ) ( NP ( CD 1988 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ lives ) ( PP-LOC-CLR ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Lisbon ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Kaplan author of Surrender or Starve The Wars Behind the Famine Westview Press 1988 lives in Lisbon


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( DT The ) ( JJ long-running ) ( NN scandal ) ) ( VP ( VBG surrounding ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( CD 1982 ) ( NN collapse ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Banco ) ( NNP Ambrosiano ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN reignited ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN arrest ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Rome ) ( NN businessman ) ( NNP Flavio ) ( NNP Carboni ) ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN fraud ) ( NNS charges ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The long-running scandal surrounding the 1982 collapse of Banco Ambrosiano was reignited by the arrest last week of Rome businessman Flavio Carboni on fraud charges


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Rome ) ( NNS magistrates ) ) ( VP ( VBP accuse ) ( NP-2 ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Carboni ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( JJ several ) ( JJ other ) ( NNS people ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG trying ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB extort ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 1.2 ) ( CD billion ) ) ( NNS lire ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( CD 880,000 ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Vatican ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NN return ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS documents ) ) ( VP ( VBN contained ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN briefcase ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Roberto ) ( NNP Calvi ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Ambrosiano ) ( NN chairman ) ) ( VP ( VBD found ) ( S ( VP ( VBN hanged ) ( PP-LOC ( IN under ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP London ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NP ( NNP Blackfriar ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Bridge ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( RB shortly ) ( IN before ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN bank ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN collapse ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Rome magistrates accuse Mr. Carboni and several other people of trying to extort 1.2 billion lire 880,000 from the Vatican in return for documents contained in the briefcase of Roberto Calvi the Ambrosiano chairman found hanged under London 's Blackfriar 's Bridge shortly before the bank 's collapse


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Banco ) ( NNP Ambrosiano ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NNP Italy ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJS largest ) ( NN private-sector ) ( NN bank ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD collapsed ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1982 ) ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 1.3 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS debts ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Banco Ambrosiano which was Italy 's largest private-sector bank collapsed in 1982 with 1.3 billion of debts


( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( NP ( JJS Most ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN money ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( VP ( VBN lent ) ( PP-DTV ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN series ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ shell ) ( NNS companies ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Panama ) ( CC and ) ( NNP Luxembourg ) ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBN owned ) ( ADVP ( RB directly ) ( CC or ) ( RB indirectly ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( DT the ) ( NNP Vatican ) ( NN bank ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Most of the money was lent to a series of shell companies in Panama and Luxembourg that were owned directly or indirectly by the Vatican bank


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP Vatican ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ denies ) ( NP ( DT any ) ( NN wrongdoing ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD paid ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 250 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP-DTV ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Milan ) ( NN bank ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS creditors ) ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN goodwill ) ( NN gesture ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( CD 1985 ) ) ) ) )

The Vatican which denies any wrongdoing paid 250 million to the Milan bank 's creditors as a goodwill gesture in 1985


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Italian ) ( NN news ) ( NNS reports ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Carboni ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN colleague ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD obtained ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 1.2 ) ( CD billion ) ) ( NNS lire ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNS checks ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP Vatican ) ( NN official ) ) ( NP ( NNP Pavel ) ( NNP Hnilica ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Italian news reports said Mr. Carboni and a colleague obtained 1.2 billion lire in checks from a Vatican official Pavel Hnilica


( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJ Italian ) ( NNS papers ) ) ( VP ( VBD speculated ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN briefcase ) ) ( VP ( VBD contained ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS papers ) ) ( VP ( CC either ) ( VP ( VBG exonerating ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Vatican ) ( NN bank ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN from ) ( NP ( NP ( NN blame ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN scandal ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( VBG showing ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN bank ) ) ( VP ( VBN known ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Istituto ) ( FW per ) ( FW le ) ( NNP Opere ) ( FW di ) ( NNP Religione ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD channeled ) ( NP ( NNS funds ) ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ East ) ( NN bloc ) ( NNS groups ) ) ( PP ( JJ such ) ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Solidarity ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Poland ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Italian papers speculated the briefcase contained papers either exonerating the Vatican bank from blame in the scandal or showing that the bank known as the Istituto per le Opere di Religione channeled funds to East bloc groups such as Solidarity in Poland


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( CC Neither ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Hnilica ) ) ( NP ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Carboni ) ) ( CC nor ) ( NP ( JJ Vatican ) ( NNS officials ) ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN reached ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( NN comment ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN over ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN weekend ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Neither Mr. Hnilica Mr. Carboni nor Vatican officials could be reached for comment over the weekend


( FRAG ( NP ( JJ Former ) ( NNP U.N. ) ( NNP Ambassador ) ( NNP Jeane ) ( NNP Kirkpatrick ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP CNN ) ( NN Capital ) ( NN Gang ) ( NN discussion ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NNP Oct. ) ( CD 7 ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP House ) ( NN action ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( JJ federal ) ( JJ catastrophic-illness ) ( NN insurance ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Former U.N. Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick in a CNN Capital Gang discussion Oct. 7 of House action on federal catastrophic-illness insurance


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP I ) ) ( VP ( VBP think ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT this ) ( NN repeal ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NN kind ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ thoughtless ) ( NN action ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN matter ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN fact ) ) ) ) ) ) )

I think this repeal was kind of a thoughtless action as a matter of fact


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP They ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB revisit ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN issue ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( MD 'll ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB revisit ) ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ( PP-TMP ( RB before ) ( NP ( RB long ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

They will have to revisit this issue and they 'll have to revisit it before long


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT This ) ( NN business ) ( NN trust ) ( NN company ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ its ) ( NN board ) ) ( VP ( VBD elected ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Kieran ) ( NNP E. ) ( NNP Burke ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN consultant ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NNP Drexel ) ( NNP Burnham ) ( NNP Lambert ) ( NNP Group ) ( NNP Inc. ) ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ chief ) ( NN executive ) ( NN officer ) ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ new ) ( NN post ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( PP ( IN as ) ( NP ( NN president ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

This business trust company said its board elected Kieran E. Burke a consultant to Drexel Burnham Lambert Group Inc. as chief executive officer a new post and as president


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Burke ) ) ( VP ( VBZ succeeds ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Richard ) ( NNP D. ) ( NNP Manley ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB remain ) ( PP-PRD ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN consultant ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN company ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Burke succeeds Richard D. Manley who will remain as a consultant to the company


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT Both ) ( NNS men ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ unavailable ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB comment ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Both men were unavailable to comment


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NN company ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBN named ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Michael ) ( NNP E. ) ( NNP Gellert ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN director ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ major ) ( NN shareholder ) ) ) ) ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB fill ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ vacant ) ( NN seat ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN chairman ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The company also named Michael E. Gellert a director and a major shareholder to fill the vacant seat of chairman


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Sotheby ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Inc. ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN gamble ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ art-dealing ) ( NN business ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ appears ) ( S-PRD ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( VP ( VBN paid ) ( PRT ( RB off ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Sotheby 's Inc. 's gamble in the art-dealing business appears to have paid off


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP New ) ( NNP York ) ( NN arm ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ London-based ) ( NN auction ) ( NN house ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD auctioned ) ( PRT ( RP off ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN estate ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP John ) ( NNP T. ) ( NNP Dorrance ) ( NNP Jr. ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Campbell ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP Soup ) ( NNP Co. ) ( NN heir ) ) ) ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 131 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NN week ) ) ( NP-1 ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN record ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ single-owner ) ( NN art ) ( NN collection ) ) ) ) ) )

The New York arm of the London-based auction house auctioned off the estate of John T. Dorrance Jr. the Campbell 's Soup Co. heir for 131 million last week a record for a single-owner art collection


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT That ) ( NN total ) ) ( VP ( VP ( VBD was ) ( PP-PRD ( IN below ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( QP ( CD 140 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN auction ) ( NN house ) ) ( VP ( VBD estimated ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN collection ) ) ( VP ( MD might ) ( VP ( VB sell ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( ADVP-PRD ( RB enough ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB ensure ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT an ) ( JJ unprecedented ) ( JJ financial ) ( NN arrangement ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Sotheby ) ( POS 's ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN made ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Dorrance ) ( NN family ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD proved ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ profitable ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN auction ) ( NN house ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

That total was below the 140 million the auction house estimated the collection might sell for but was enough to ensure that an unprecedented financial arrangement Sotheby 's had made with the Dorrance family proved profitable to the auction house


( S-3 ( NP-SBJ-4 ( NNP Sotheby ) ( VBZ 's ) ) ( VP ( VBD provided ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Dorrance ) ( NN family ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN guarantee ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( IN at ) ( JJS least ) ( CD 100 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( QP ( RB as ) ( JJ much ) ( IN as ) ( CD 120 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB obtain ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN collection ) ) ) ) ) ( PRN ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS people ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ familiar ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN transaction ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( ADVP ( RB thus ) ) ( VP ( VBG taking ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( JJR greater ) ( IN than ) ( JJ usual ) ) ( JJ financial ) ( NN interest ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN property ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN sold ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Sotheby 's provided the Dorrance family a guarantee of at least 100 million and as much as 120 million to obtain the collection people familiar with the transaction said thus taking a greater than usual financial interest in the property to be sold


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NNP Dorrance ) ( NN estate ) ) ( VP ( VBN auctioned ) ( PRT ( RP off ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN series ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS sales ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN held ) ( PP-TMP ( IN over ) ( NP ( CD four ) ( NNS days ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD included ) ( NP ( NNS porcelains ) ( NN furniture ) ( CC and ) ( NNS paintings ) ) ) )

The Dorrance estate auctioned off in a series of sales held over four days included porcelains furniture and paintings


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT An ) ( NNP Henri ) ( NNP Matisse ) ) ( VP ( VBN auctioned ) ( NP-TMP ( JJ last ) ( NNP Wednesday ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD fetched ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 12.4 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN world ) ( NN record ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN artist ) ) ) ) ) ) )

An Henri Matisse auctioned last Wednesday fetched 12.4 million a world record for the artist


( S ( PP ( IN In ) ( NP ( NN addition ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-2 ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN handful ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS paintings ) ) ) ( PP ( IN from ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Dorrance ) ( NN collection ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP remain ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( VP ( VBN sold ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Sotheby ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ annual ) ( JJ old ) ( NNS masters ) ( NNS paintings ) ( NN auction ) ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP January ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In addition a handful of paintings from the Dorrance collection remain to be sold at Sotheby 's annual old masters paintings auction in January


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP David ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB just ) ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( VP ( VBN named ) ( S ( NP-PRD ( NP ( NN president ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Rockefeller ) ( NNP University ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB already ) ) ( VP ( VBZ knows ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-3 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( PP-PRD ( JJ like ) ) ( S-4 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB go ) ( PP-CLR ( IN through ) ( NP ( NN life ) ) ) ( PP-MNR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Nobel ) ( NN laureate ) ) ( VP ( VBN appended ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP one ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN name ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

David Baltimore who has just been named president of Rockefeller University already knows what it 's like to go through life with Nobel laureate appended to one 's name


( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP He ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB currently ) ) ( VP ( VBG experiencing ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( PP-PRD ( JJ like ) ) ( S-2 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN phrase ) ) ( PP ( IN under ) ( NP ( NP ( NN investigation ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( JJ scientific ) ( NN fraud ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VBN attached ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN name ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

He is currently experiencing what it 's like to have the phrase under investigation for scientific fraud also attached to his name


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNP Nobel ) ( NN committee ) ) ( VP ( VBD made ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ first ) ( NN addition ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP John ) ( NNP Dingell ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ congressional ) ( NN committee ) ) ( VP ( VBD created ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN second ) ) ) ) )

The Nobel committee made the first addition John Dingell 's congressional committee created the second


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT Both ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ public ) ( NNS faces ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( PP-PRD ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN view ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( DT the ) ( JJ past ) ( JJ few ) ( NNS weeks ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN while ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP he ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( PP-PRD ( IN under ) ( NP ( NN consideration ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB succeed ) ( NP ( NNP Joshua ) ( NNP Lederberg ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NN head ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ prestigious ) ( NNP Rockefeller ) ( NN research ) ( NN institution ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Both of Dr. Baltimore 's public faces have been on view the past few weeks while he was under consideration to succeed Joshua Lederberg as head of the prestigious Rockefeller research institution


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP It ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD came ) ( S-PRD ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB light ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-2 ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ substantial ) ( NN number ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Rockefeller ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN faculty ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VP ( JJ upset ) ( PP-CLR ( IN over ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( ADVP ( RB even ) ) ( VBN opposed ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ) ) ( NP-1 ( NP ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ( POS 's ) ( VBG impending ) ( NN appointment ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

It came to light that a substantial number of Rockefeller 's faculty were upset over or even opposed to Dr. Baltimore 's impending appointment


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( PRP They ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( VP ( VBN disturbed ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( SBAR-NOM ( WHNP-4 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD regarded ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ confrontational ) ( NN attitude ) ) ( PP ( IN toward ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Dingell ) ( NN committee ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD held ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS hearings ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN dispute ) ) ( PP ( IN over ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN lab ) ( NNS notebooks ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN researcher ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-3 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD had ) ( VP ( VBN co-authored ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ scientific ) ( NN paper ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

They were disturbed at what they regarded as Dr. Baltimore 's confrontational attitude toward the Dingell committee which held hearings on a dispute over the lab notebooks of a researcher who had co-authored a scientific paper with Dr. Baltimore


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNS Readers ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS columns ) ) ( PRN ( NP ( NP-TTL ( NNP The ) ( NN Science ) ( NNS Police ) ) ( NP-TMP ( MD May ) ( CD 15 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( MD will ) ( VP ( VB recall ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ( VP ( VBD was ) ( ADVP ( RB merely ) ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( ADJP ( RBS most ) ( JJ well-known ) ) ( NN part ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Dingell ) ( NN committee ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJR larger ) ( NN investigation ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD touched ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP MIT ) ) ( NP ( NNP Tufts ) ) ( NP ( NNP Duke ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP National ) ( NNPS Institutes ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP Health ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( RB elsewhere ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Readers of these columns The Science Police May 15 will recall that Dr. Baltimore was merely the most well-known part of the Dingell committee 's larger investigation which touched MIT Tufts Duke the National Institutes of Health and elsewhere


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Rep. ) ( NNP Dingell ) ) ( ADVP ( RB even ) ) ( VP ( VBD managed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB enlist ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS services ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Secret ) ( NNP Service ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ his ) ( NN investigation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ( NN paper ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Rep. Dingell even managed to enlist the services of the Secret Service in his investigation of the Baltimore paper


( S ( SBAR-ADV ( RB Insofar ) ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dingell ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ special ) ( NN interest ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP NIH ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS institutions ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT that ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP receive ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN funding ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Rockefeller ) ( NNS scientists ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( ADJP-PRD ( NP ( DT no ) ( RB doubt ) ) ( JJ discomfited ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ unflattering ) ( JJ public ) ( NN opinion ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT this ) ( JJ congressional ) ( NN patron ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP$ whose ) ( NN behavior ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBD reminded ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP McCarthy ) ( NN era ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Insofar as Mr. Dingell has a special interest in NIH and the institutions that receive its funding the Rockefeller scientists were no doubt discomfited by Dr. Baltimore 's unflattering public opinion of this congressional patron whose behavior reminded Dr. Baltimore of the McCarthy era


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT This ) ) ( ADVP ( RB well ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB be ) ( NP-PRD ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ first ) ( NN time ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( IN that ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( JJ venerable ) ( NNP Rockefeller ) ( NNP University ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN brushed ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB up ) ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB publicly ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN against ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS intimidations ) ) ( ADJP ( RB now ) ( JJ common ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ American ) ( NN science ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

This well may be the first time that the venerable Rockefeller University has brushed up publicly against the intimidations now common in American science


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP John ) ( NNP Dingell ) ) ( VP ( NNS demagogues ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP David ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN animal-rights ) ( NNS activists ) ) ( VP ( VBP do ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( CD 3.5 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN damage ) ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS labs ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP U.Cal-Davis ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Meryl ) ( NNP Streep ) ) ( VP ( VBZ decries ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNS horrors ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN chemistry ) ) ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN on ) ( NP ( NN talk ) ( NNS shows ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNP Jeremy ) ( NNP Rifkin ) ) ( VP ( VBZ files ) ( NP ( NNS lawsuits ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ federal ) ( NN court ) ) ) ( S-PRP ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB thwart ) ( NP ( JJ biotech ) ( NNS experiments ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NP ( NN Dutch-elm-disease ) ( NN researcher ) ( NNP Gary ) ( NNP Strobel ) ( POS 's ) ) ( JJ own ) ( NNS colleagues ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( NNP Montana ) ( NNP State ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP denounce ) ( NP ( PRP him ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG violating ) ( NP ( NNP EPA ) ( NNS rules ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

John Dingell demagogues a David Baltimore animal-rights activists do 3.5 million of damage to labs at the U.Cal-Davis Meryl Streep decries the horrors of chemistry on talk shows Jeremy Rifkin files lawsuits in federal court to thwart biotech experiments and Dutch-elm-disease researcher Gary Strobel 's own colleagues at Montana State denounce him for violating EPA rules


( S ( NP-SBJ-3 ( NP ( NNS Scientists ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN mistaken ) ( SBAR-2 ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( ADVP-TMP ( RB still ) ) ( VBP think ) ( SBAR ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ anti-science ) ( NN movement ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( DT this ) ( NN country ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( RB n't ) ( NP-PRD ( PRP$ their ) ( NN concern ) ) ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT a ) ( NNP David ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ( VP ( MD could ) ( VP ( VB have ) ( ADVP ( RB somehow ) ) ( VP ( VBN placated ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP John ) ( NNP Dingell ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Scientists are mistaken who still think that the anti-science movement in this country is n't their concern or that a David Baltimore could have somehow placated a John Dingell


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Mr. ) ( NNP Dingell ) ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN way ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN decreed ) ( NP ( NP ( DT another ) ( NNP NIH ) ( NN investigation ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ( NN paper ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG adding ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( JJ several ) ( JJ previous ) ( NNS investigations ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Mr. Dingell by the way has decreed another NIH investigation of the Baltimore paper adding to several previous investigations


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NN Something ) ) ( ADJP ( JJ other ) ( PP ( IN than ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-2 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( JJS most ) ( NNS scientists ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB recognize ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN truth ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( VP ( VBG being ) ( VP ( VBN sought ) ( ADVP-LOC ( RB here ) ) ) ) ) )

Something other than what most scientists would recognize as the truth is being sought here


( S ( ADVP ( RB Fortunately ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( EX there ) ) ( VP ( VBP are ) ( NP-PRD ( NNS signs ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( VBG increasing ) ( NNS numbers ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNS scientists ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP understand ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN necessity ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG speaking ) ( PRT ( RB out ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Fortunately there are signs that increasing numbers of scientists understand the necessity of speaking out


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP David ) ( NNP Hubel ) ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP Nobel ) ( NN laureate ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN at ) ( NP ( NNP Harvard ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN taken ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN lead ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VBG defending ) ( NP ( NP ( NN research ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NNS animals ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( RB as ) ( SINV ( VP ( VBZ has ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Dr. ) ( NNP Michael ) ( NNP DeBakey ) ) ) ) ) ) )

David Hubel a Nobel laureate at Harvard has taken the lead in defending research with animals as has Dr. Michael DeBakey


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP NASA ) ) ( VP ( VBD defended ) ( NP ( PRP itself ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB vigorously ) ( CC and ) ( RB successfully ) ) ( PP ( IN against ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP Rifkin ) ( NN suit ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB block ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NNP Galileo ) ( NN launch ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

NASA defended itself vigorously and successfully against a Rifkin suit to block the Galileo launch


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NNS Scientists ) ) ( VP ( VBP need ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB understand ) ( SBAR ( IN that ) ( S ( SBAR-ADV ( IN while ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-2 ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBP tend ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB believe ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP$ their ) ( NN work ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB primarly ) ) ( PP-PRD ( IN about ) ( S-NOM ( VP ( VP ( VBG establishing ) ( NP ( JJ new ) ( NN knowledge ) ) ) ( CC or ) ( VP ( VBG doing ) ( NP ( JJ good ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( NN today ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( PP-PRD ( IN about ) ( NP ( NN power ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Scientists need to understand that while they tend to believe their work is primarly about establishing new knowledge or doing good today it is also about power


( S ( PP-LOC ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ media-linked ) ( NN world ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNS scientists ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB earn ) ( NP ( NP ( JJ wide ) ( NN praise ) ) ( CC and ) ( NP ( RB even ) ( NNPS Nobels ) ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN for ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NN work ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC but ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( ADVP ( RB also ) ) ( VP ( VBP attract ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN attention ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS people ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP who ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP wish ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB gain ) ( NP ( NP ( NN control ) ) ( PP ( IN over ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN content ) ( NN funding ) ( CC and ) ( NNS goals ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT that ) ( NN work ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In a media-linked world scientists may earn wide praise and even Nobels for their work but they also attract the attention of people who wish to gain control over the content funding and goals of that work


( S ( SBAR ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB When ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT a ) ( NNP David ) ( NNP Baltimore ) ) ( PRN ( CC or ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ next ) ( NN target ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ decides ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP it ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJR better ) ) ( S-3 ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB stand ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( PP-CLR ( TO to ) ( NP ( DT these ) ( NNS forces ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ-4 ( PRP$ his ) ( JJ fellow ) ( NNS scientists ) ) ( VP ( MD would ) ( VP ( VB do ) ( ADVP-CLR ( RB well ) ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VP ( VB recognize ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WP what ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP ( RB fundamentally ) ) ( PP-PRD ( IN at ) ( NP ( NN stake ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( CC and ) ( VP ( VB offer ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( JJ public ) ( NN support ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

When a David Baltimore or the next target decides it is better to stand up to these forces his fellow scientists would do well to recognize what is fundamentally at stake and offer their public support


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNPS Citizens ) ( CC & ) ( NNP Southern ) ( NNP Corp. ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBD signed ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ definitive ) ( NN agreement ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB acquire ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Security ) ( NNP Pacific ) ( NNP Corp. ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNP New ) ( JJ York-based ) ( NN factoring ) ( NN unit ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Citizens & Southern Corp. said it signed a definitive agreement to acquire Security Pacific Corp. 's New York-based factoring unit


( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( NP ( NNS Terms ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN bank ) ( NN holding ) ( NNS companies ) ( POS ' ) ) ( NN agreement ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD were ) ( RB n't ) ( VP ( VBN disclosed ) ) ) )

Terms of the bank holding companies ' agreement were n't disclosed


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Factoring ) ) ( VP ( VBZ involves ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN purchase ) ( CC and ) ( NN collection ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT another ) ( NN company ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN receivables ) ) ) ) ) )

Factoring involves the purchase and collection of another company 's receivables


( S ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNPS Citizens ) ) ( VP ( VBN based ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NNP Atlanta ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBD said ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP it ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( IN about ) ( CD 4.6 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( JJ factored ) ( NNS sales ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB annually ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP Security ) ( NNP Pacific ) ( NN unit ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( NP ( QP ( IN about ) ( CD 1.8 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB annually ) ) ) ) )

Citizens based in Atlanta said it has about 4.6 billion in factored sales annually the Security Pacific unit has about 1.8 billion annually


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( NNP Security ) ( NNP Pacific ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN factoring ) ( NN business ) ) ( VP ( VBZ works ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( NNS companies ) ) ( PP-LOC ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN apparel ) ( NN textile ) ( CC and ) ( NN food ) ( NNS industries ) ) ( PP ( IN among ) ( NP ( NNS others ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Security Pacific 's factoring business works with companies in the apparel textile and food industries among others


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT The ) ( NN collapse ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 6.79 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( NN buy-out ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNP United ) ( NNPS Airlines ) ( NN parent ) ( NNP UAL ) ( NNP Corp. ) ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN handed ) ( NP ( NP ( NNP Wall ) ( NNP Street ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NN takeover ) ( NN stock ) ( NNS speculators ) ) ( NP ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( JJS worst ) ( NN loss ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB ever ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ single ) ( NN deal ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The collapse of a 6.79 billion buy-out of United Airlines parent UAL Corp. has handed Wall Street 's takeover stock speculators their worst loss ever on a single deal


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( PRP$ Their ) ( QP ( CD 700 ) ( JJ million-plus ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( VBN estimated ) ( NN paper ) ( NNS losses ) ) ) ) ( ADVP-MNR ( RB easily ) ) ( VP ( VBZ tops ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( QP ( CD 400 ) ( CD million ) ) ) ( PP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( NN paper ) ( NNS losses ) ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN takeover ) ( NNS traders ) ) ( VP ( VBN known ) ( PP-CLR ( IN as ) ( NP ( NNS arbitragers ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBN suffered ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 1982 ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-2 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Gulf ) ( NNP Oil ) ( NNP Co. ) ) ( VP ( VBD dropped ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( QP ( CD 4.8 ) ( CD billion ) ) ) ( NN offer ) ) ( PP ( IN for ) ( NP ( NNPS Cities ) ( NNP Service ) ( NNP Co ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Their 700 million-plus in estimated paper losses easily tops the 400 million in paper losses the takeover traders known as arbitragers suffered in 1982 when Gulf Oil Co. dropped a 4.8 billion offer for Cities Service Co


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN In ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( CD six ) ( NN trading ) ( NNS days ) ) ( SBAR ( IN since ) ( S ( NP-SBJ-1 ( DT the ) ( NNP UAL ) ( NN labor-management ) ( NN buy-out ) ( NN group ) ) ( VP ( VBD failed ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB get ) ( NP ( NN bank ) ( NN financing ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( S-ADV ( VP ( VBG culminating ) ( NP-TMP ( NNP Friday ) ) ( PP-CLR ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN withdrawal ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ its ) ( NN partner ) ( NNP British ) ( NNPS Airways ) ( NNP PLC ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP UAL ) ( NN stock ) ) ( VP ( VBZ has ) ( VP ( VBN plummeted ) ( PP-EXT ( IN by ) ( NP ( CD 41 ) ( NN % ) ) ) ( PP-DIR ( TO to ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 168 ) ( CD 1\/2 ) ) ) ) ( PP-DIR ( IN from ) ( NP ( QP ( CD 285 ) ( CD 1\/4 ) ) ) ) ) ) )

In the six trading days since the UAL labor-management buy-out group failed to get bank financing culminating Friday with the withdrawal of its partner British Airways PLC UAL stock has plummeted by 41 % to 168 1\/2 from 285 1\/4


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( NNS arbs ) ) ( VP ( MD may ) ( VP ( VB recoup ) ( NP ( NP ( DT some ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( PRP$ their ) ( NN paper ) ( NNS losses ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN if ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NNP UAL ) ( NN deal ) ) ( VP ( VBZ gets ) ( VP ( VBN patched ) ( PRT ( RP up ) ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB again ) ) ) ) ) ) ( SBAR-ADV ( IN as ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( PRP they ) ) ( VP ( VBD did ) ) ( PP-TMP ( IN in ) ( NP ( NP ( CD 1982 ) ) ( SBAR ( WHADVP-1 ( WRB when ) ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NNP Occidental ) ( NNP Petroleum ) ( NNP Co. ) ) ( VP ( VBD rescued ) ( NP ( PRP them ) ) ( PP ( IN with ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( ADJP ( CD 4 ) ( CD billion ) ) ( NN takeover ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NNPS Cities ) ( NNP Service ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The arbs may recoup some of their paper losses if the UAL deal gets patched up again as they did in 1982 when Occidental Petroleum Co. rescued them with a 4 billion takeover of Cities Service


( S ( PP-TMP ( IN In ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN meantime ) ) ) ( NP-SBJ ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN question ) ) ( VP ( VBN faced ) ( PP ( IN by ) ( NP-LGS ( NNS investors ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBARQ-PRD ( WHNP-1 ( WP What ) ) ( SQ ( VBZ is ) ( NP-SBJ ( NNP UAL ) ( NN stock ) ) ( ADJP-PRD ( NN worth ) ) ) ) ) )

In the meantime the question faced by investors is What is UAL stock worth


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT The ) ( JJ short ) ( NN answer ) ) ( PP ( IN on ) ( NP ( DT a ) ( JJ fundamental ) ( NN basis ) ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN that ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN airline ) ( NNS analysts ) ) ( VP ( VBP say ) ( SBAR ( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT the ) ( NN stock ) ) ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ worth ) ( PP ( NP ( QP ( RB somewhere ) ( IN between ) ( CD 135 ) ( CC and ) ( CD 150 ) ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN share ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

The short answer on a fundamental basis is that airline analysts say the stock is worth somewhere between 135 and 150 a share


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT That ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( VP ( VBN based ) ( PP-CLR ( IN on ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN multiple ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( QP ( RB anywhere ) ( IN between ) ( CD 8.5 ) ( TO to ) ( CD 10 ) ( NNS times ) ) ( NNP UAL ) ( NNS earnings ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBP are ) ( VP ( VBN estimated ) ( S ( VP ( TO to ) ( VP ( VB come ) ( PRT ( RP in ) ) ( NP ( NP ( RB somewhere ) ( IN around ) ( CD 16 ) ) ( NP-ADV ( DT a ) ( NN share ) ) ) ( NP-TMP ( DT this ) ( NN year ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

That 's based on a multiple of anywhere between 8.5 to 10 times UAL earnings which are estimated to come in somewhere around 16 a share this year


( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN Airline ) ( NNS stocks ) ) ( ADVP ( RB typically ) ) ( VP ( VBP sell ) ( PP-CLR ( IN at ) ( NP ( NP ( DT a ) ( NN discount ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NP ( IN about ) ( NN one-third ) ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN stock ) ( NN market ) ( POS 's ) ) ( NNS price-earnings ) ( NN ratio ) ) ( SBAR ( WHNP-1 ( WDT which ) ) ( S ( VP ( VBZ is ) ( ADVP-TMP ( RB currently ) ) ( NP-PRD ( QP ( IN about ) ( CD 13 ) ( NNS times ) ) ( NNS earnings ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Airline stocks typically sell at a discount of about one-third to the stock market 's price-earnings ratio which is currently about 13 times earnings


( S ( NP-SBJ ( DT That ) ) ( VP ( VBZ 's ) ( SBAR-PRD ( IN because ) ( S ( NP-SBJ ( NN airline ) ( NNS earnings ) ) ( PP ( IN like ) ( NP ( NP ( DT those ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( NN auto ) ( NNS makers ) ) ) ) ) ( VP ( VBP have ) ( VP ( VBN been ) ( ADJP-PRD ( JJ subject ) ( PP ( TO to ) ( NP ( NP ( DT the ) ( JJ cyclical ) ( NNS ups-and-downs ) ) ( PP ( IN of ) ( NP ( DT the ) ( NN economy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

That 's because airline earnings like those of auto makers have been subject to the cyclical ups-and-downs of the economy