An Area-Aggregated Dynamic Traffic Simulation Model
Microscopic and macroscopic dynamic traffic models not fast enough to run in an optimization loop to coordinate traffic measures over areas of twice a trip length (50x50 km). Moreover, in strategic planning there are models with a spatial high level of detail, but lacking the features of traffic dynamics. This paper introduces the Network Transmission Model (NTM), a model based on areas, exploiting the Macroscopic or Network Fundamental Diagram (NFD). For the first time, a full operational model is proposed which can be implemented in a network divided into multiple subnetworks, and the physical properties of spillback of traffic jams for subnetwork to subnetwork is ensured. The proposed model calculates the traffic flow between to cell as the minimum of the demand in the origin cell and the supply in the destination cell. The demand first increasing and then decreasing as function of the accumulation in the cell; the supply is first constant and then decreasing as function of the accumulation. Moreover, demand over the boundaries of two cells is restricted by a capacity. This system ensures that traffic characteristics move forward in free flow, congestion moves backward and the NFD is conserved. Adding the capacity gives qualitatively reasonable effects of inhomogeneity. The model applied on a test case with multiple destinations, and re-routing and perimeter control are tested as control measures.