Clasificación agrológica de los suelos de la hacienda reina del Cisne Tenguel – Guayas con implementación de agricultura de precisión
Agrological Classification of soils of the Swan Queen to finance implementation of precision agriculture, took effect on Tenguel parish, belonging to the canton of Guayaquil. For this purpose, raised the following objectives: Identification and classification of soils agrological, formulation of a plan of fertilization and georeferenced mapping results. The soil classification was done through observation and geo-referenced reading profiles, with a systematic design and layout and a variable sampling density. The procedure followed in the physical, gradually helped define spatial soil eight units identified in numerical order. Next, typical profiles were defined for each soil unit based on the description of the texture changes at the level of the effective depth of it. The soil physical study done, revealed a significant variability both vertically and horizontally, through the definition of a total of one hundred eighty-six drillings, twenty-two typical profiles, eight preliminary soil units and two management units based on physical characterization. After processing the field data was obtained as a result two types of soil agrologic: Class I and Class II. With the interpretation and comparison of the chemical variables analyzed in the laboratory, it was possible to determine the synergistic and antagonistic interactions between macro and micro effects on soil-leaf tissue and root development and soil compaction. Among the chemical variables expressing significant imbalance and possibly limiting the absorption of nutrients and thus affect productivity, are the calcium / potassium at ground level, and at low levels of foliar nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and sulfur. It should be noted further that the values ​​obtained from the measurements of compaction, are not an obstacle for the development of crop root system, provided the soil is kept wet to field capacity. Formulated a fertilization plan for three site-specific management units, which is feasible from an administrative standpoint, economic and practical at the field level, enables the medium to long term, to increase productivity, while conserving the fertility of soils.