ONLINE ENGINE EMISSION CALIBRATION AND ESTIMATION
A system and method are disclosed for calibrating a predictive emission model using steady state data, where the model can robustly predict the emission value in transient conditions. An example emission is smoke. A predictive model for an engine is calibrated in response to a plurality of steady state conditions. During calibration, key basis variables and an emission value are measured and stored into the predictive model. In operation, the online predictive model predicts transient emission events of the emission value in response to online measurements of the key basis variables. The predictive model robustly predicts in-cylinder conditions with an optional virtual sensor instead of an in-cylinder sensor.