Emerging applications of nanozymes in environmental analysis: Opportunities and trends
Abstract As an ensemble that is able to exhibit both the catalytic characteristics of enzymes and the features of nanoscale materials, nanozymes have experienced rapid development in the past few years. Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes with better stability can be mass produced at lower cost. More attractively, their properties can be expediently designed and tailored for various demands. With these merits, they have found extensive applications in sensing, biomedicine, and environmental treatment. In this review, we make a comprehensive summary on the emerging use of nanozymes in environmental analysis. Emphasis is focused on the nanozyme-based principles and strategies explored for the sensing of toxic ions, pesticides, phenolic pollutants, antibiotic residues, and pathogens. Opportunities and trends for nanozymes in future environmental monitoring are also discussed.