IPM for brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes Orbonalis)-A review
Examples from perennial and annual crops in temperate and tropical conditions illustrate the research and development approaches that have contributed to use and integration of host plant resistance and biological, cultural, physical and chemical control. The evidence shows how successes in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) have depended upon classical experimental approaches continually responding to changing constraints and to novel discoveries. There are many recent developments that could help revolutionize management of some vegetable pests, in particular use of sex pheromones, judicious use of chemicals, biological and mechanical control. There have been some outstanding developments in practical application of IPM in many developed countries where the ultimate goal is to decrease over reliance on conventional insecticides. Evidence shows that in many developing countries, where the goal is an ecologically sound mix of non-chemical and chemical methods, there remains a crucial need for much more appropriate research and implementation, especially in small farm conditions. This paper reviews the management practices of the brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee).