158 FIRST LLAMA BORN BY IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
The aim was to transfer alpaca and llama embryos obtained by IVF into recipient llamas and evaluate pregnancy and birth rates. Gametes were collected from samples of ovaries and testes collected from a local abattoir. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were recovered by aspiration of ovarian follicles using a 5-mL syringe, where oocytes with at least 3 layers of cumulus cells and a homogenous cytoplasm were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% FCS, FSH (0.1 IU), and oestradiol 17β for 30 and 36 h with 5% CO2 in air, for alpaca and llama, respectively. After the maturation time, COC were placed in FERT-TALP solution 30 min before in vitro insemination with epididymal sperm of alpaca and llama as appropriate, the sperm were selected by swim-up method with centrifuging twice in 2 mL of SPERM-TALP supplemented with 6 mg mL−1 of fatty-free BSA, in an incubator with 5% CO2 in air set at 39°C for 45 min, oocytes were co-incubated with sperm concentration of 3 × 106 mL−1 for 18 to 20 h at 39°C with 5% CO2 in air. The IVF was carried out the day of ovulation induction of recipients. A group of 15 morphologically intact Day-8 blastocysts derived from in vitro culture with SOF serum were transferred nonsurgically into the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum of 15 synchronized recipient llamas with an intravaginal device (controlled internal drug release) for 8 days. Then, 6 days after controlled internal drug release removal, ovulation was induced in recipients with the application of 1 mL of GnRH with previous ultrasound confirmation of the presence of a dominant follicle greater than 7 mm in diameter. Nine alpaca blastocysts and 6 llama blastocysts were transferred. The pregnancy rate was assessed by ultrasound at 45 days after transfer. The results obtained were as follows: for pregnancy rate, 33.3% (3/9) and 50% (3/6) for alpaca and llama embryos, respectively; for birth rate, 0.0% (0/9) and 16.7% (1/6) for alpaca and llama embryos, respectively. An alpaca fetus and 2 llama fetuses were aborted between 7 and 10 months of pregnancy, and only a llama gestation ended successfully, producing the first birth of the world of a llama bred by IVF in South American camelids, demonstrating that it is possible to obtain viable offspring in these species using this biotechnology.