Fertility-sparing management of gynecological cancers
Fifteen to 21% of women diagnosed with genital tract tumors are younger than 40. Adequate counseling of these patients must be conducted to decide whether fertility-sparing treatment is allowed and what would be the oncological, fertility and obstetrical outcomes. We performed a comprehensive PubMed literature search using the terms "Uterine Cervical Neoplasms"[Mesh], "Trachelectomy", "Endometrial Neoplasms"[Mesh], "Ovarian Neoplasms"[Mesh] and "Fertility"[Mesh]. The following review reports available evidence for the conservative management of cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer. Data regarding the selection of patients, surgical techniques, obstetrical issues and cancer prognosis are summarized. The level of evidence is low in most of the available reports. The therapeutic options presented in this paper should not therefore be considered as a standard of care. Nevertheless, fertility-sparing treatments of gynecological malignancies should be discussed in a multidisciplinary team and suggested to eligible patients who are younger than 40 and wish to become pregnant further.