relativistic
albert einstein
['icao', 'kazuro watanabe', 'george berkeley', 'lee de forest', 'noam chomsky', 'hyperloop', 'harry edwin wood', 'annibale de gasparis', 'harlow shapley', 'marguerite laugier', 'nikolai stepanovich chernykh', 'oak ridge observatory', 'nauchnyj', 'alessandro malaspina', 'vint cerf', 'gridshell', 'grigory neujmin', 'anselm', 'maurice martenot', 'birmingham university', 'vapnik', 'loneos', 'nanking', 'chad trujillo', 'blackberry', 'lionel penrose', 'liisi oterma', 'charles darwin', 'purple mountain observatory', 'william hyde wollaston', 'cornelis johannes van houten', 'robert luther', 'george maciunas', 'ernest rutherford', 'edwin mcmillan', 'sir winston churchill', 'stallman', 'egide walschaerts', 'toshimasa furuta', 'niels bohr', 'christopher alexander', 'malcolm mackerras', 'auguste charlois', 'georg cantor', 'ward cunningham', 'nicolas bourriaud', 'lyudmila zhuravleva', 'ptolemy', 'crimean astrophysical observatory', 'werner heisenberg', 'christopher cockerell', 'bickley', 'johan gadolin', 'mike brown', 'kirchhoff', 'carlos torres', 'nikolai chernykh', 'ingrid', 'carl wirtanen', 'alexander grothendieck', 'tsutomu seki', 'eleanor helin', 'takashi murakami', 'ernst mayr', 'ephraim shay', 'henry holt', 'hermann goldschmidt', 'hyperboloid', 'carolyn shoemaker', 'pelageya shajn', 'carl friedrich gauss', 'sir arthur evans', 'turing', 'michael faraday', 'claude chappe', 'johann palisa', 'franz anton mesmer', 'george van biesbroeck', 'clyde tombaugh', 'conway', 'eugene shoemaker', 'george westinghouse', 'miguel itzigsohn', 'alonzo church', 'james watt', 'ole kirk christiansen', 'urata', 'edward said', 'henry bessemer', 'rudolf diesel', 'schelte bus', 'leibniz', 'heinrich ruhmkorff', 'hendrik van gent', 'john grinder', 'nikola tesla', 'louis boyer', 'gotthold ephraim lessing', 'robert bunsen']
Ives–Stilwell experiment
The Ives–Stilwell experiment tested the contribution of relativistic time dilation to the Doppler shift of light. The result was in agreement with the formula for the transverse Doppler effect, and was the first direct, quantitative confirmation of the time dilation factor. Since then, many Ives–Stilwell type experiments have been performed with increased precision. Together with the Michelson–Morley and Kennedy–Thorndike experiments, it forms one of the fundamental tests of special relativity theory. Other tests confirming the relativistic Doppler effect, are the and . For other time dilation experiments, see Time dilation of moving particles. For general overview, see Tests of special relativity. Both time dilation and the relativistic Doppler effect were predicted by Albert Einstein in his seminal 1905 paper.Einstein subsequently (1907) suggested an experiment based on the measurement of the relative frequencies of light perceived as arriving from a light source in motion with respect to the observer, and he calculated the additional Doppler shift due to time dilation. This effect was later called "transverse Doppler effect" (TDE), since such experiments were initially imagined to be conducted at right angles with respect to the moving source, in order to avoid the influence of the longitudinal Doppler shift. Eventually, Herbert E. Ives and G. R. Stilwell (referring to time dilation as following from the theory of Lorentz and Larmor) gave up the idea of measuring this effect at right angles. They used rays in longitudinal direction and found a way to separate the much smaller TDE from the much bigger longitudinal Doppler effect. The experiment was performed in 1938 and it was reprised several times (see, e.g.). Similar experiments were conducted several times with increased precision, by Otting (1939), Mandelberg et al. (1962), Hasselkamp et al. (1979),