{"content":[{"text":"15 Sustainable Development of Tourism. A \n Framework for Discussion and Research","bbox":{"left":0.138336,"top":0.080875,"width":0.650994,"height":0.05949200000000002}},{"text":"René van der Duim","bbox":{"left":0.137315,"top":0.218493,"width":0.19265999999999997,"height":0.023214000000000012}},{"text":"At the end of the era in which fundamental ideologies seem to have \n disappeared, Korthals (1994, p. 11) points to the emergence of one new \n vital story, that of 'sustainability.' Almost all levels of governmental \n policy and almost every economic sector of society now calls for new \n forms of growth: sustainable, environmentally aware, integrating economic \n and social development and more equitable in its impact. In the wake of \n the Brundtland report Our Common Future and Agenda 21, the tourism \n sector has also gradually embraced the concept of sustainable develop- \n ment. \n International bodies such as the World Tourism Organization, the \n IUCN, Earth Council and the Worldbank, have become increasingly aware \n of the scale and scope of international tourism which, by accelerating \n transformations, could lead to the exhaustion of our natural and cultural \n resources. The pleas of organizations such as the ECTWT (Ecumenical \n Coalition on Third World Tourism), Tourism Concern and the Ecotourism \n Society, together with publications by scientist in journals like Annals of \n Tourism Research or the Journal of Sustainable Tourism, have encouraged \n many countries to look for new forms of production and consumption in \n this field, which could enhance the sustainable development of tourism, \n and indeed sustainable development more generally. \n The Dutch Council for Nature Policy (1994) in their report Are we going \n too far?, provoked debate by posing the following central question: 'Do \n we have to go and see everything which seems attractive and interesting \n to us, and at what price do we allow ourselves the space and freedom to \n do so?' One of the consequences was the establishment of intergovern- \n mental 'task forces,' and reluctant admission by the Dutch tourism sector \n that a percentage of international tourism can be seen as a non-sustainable \n pattern of production and consumption. \n However, as we shall see, sustainable development is a flag of conveni- \n ence under which diverse ships sail, which helps to explain its power and \n popularity as a term in debates about development (Adams 1993, p. 218). \n As in other sectors of society, the concept of sustainable development in \n tourism accommodates a variety of different disputes, ranging from \n economic through social and cultural to environmental issues. This variety","bbox":{"left":0.136294,"top":0.314189,"width":0.6636739999999999,"height":0.6004160000000001}}],"images_bbox":[],"images_bbox_not_text_overlap":[]}