{"content":[{"text":"selected from existing models available from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and \n in the public domain. Components that were not available from the U.S. EPA were selected from \n alternatives either in the public domain or licensed with source code under the GNU General Public \n License (GPL)2 or a similar license.","bbox":{"left":0.088235,"top":0.043439,"width":0.8226220000000001,"height":0.07233399999999998}},{"text":"The AQMDSS includes the following components:","bbox":{"left":0.135294,"top":0.128288,"width":0.402605,"height":0.020212000000000008}},{"text":"• \n •","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.165,"width":0.00902,"height":0.03822700000000001}},{"text":"A centralized database for emissions inventory data \n Tools for entering and maintaining the emissions inventory for the entire Beijing modeling \n domain \n The Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions processing system (SMOKE) for processing the \n emissions inventory \n The Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) system for regional air quality \n modeling \n The American Meteorological Society (AMS)/U.S. EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD) for \n industrial-scale air dispersion modeling \n The Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model for investigating source categories for particulate \n matter \n Tools for transferring data between the models and the database \n Data visualization tools \n GIS tools \n The Multimedia Integrated Modeling System (MIMS) modeling framework \n Additional data analysis tools.","bbox":{"left":0.147059,"top":0.164348,"width":0.743925,"height":0.29233400000000004}},{"text":"•","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.219545,"width":0.00902,"height":0.01974200000000001}},{"text":"•","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.255303,"width":0.00902,"height":0.019741999999999982}},{"text":"•","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.291364,"width":0.00902,"height":0.019741999999999982}},{"text":"•","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.327121,"width":0.00902,"height":0.019741999999999982}},{"text":"• \n • \n • \n • \n •","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.363182,"width":0.00902,"height":0.09368099999999996}},{"text":"An appropriate tool for entering and maintaining the emissions inventory could not be located. \n Therefore, we designed and built the requisite tool for this purpose.","bbox":{"left":0.088235,"top":0.468894,"width":0.78849,"height":0.03778799999999999}},{"text":"The remainder of this paper discusses the design and operation of the emissions inventory portion \n of the AQMDSS. The Data Elements section discusses highlights of the database design. The Graphical \n User Interface section describes both the user interface and how its design minimizes data entry errors. \n The Expandability section outlines the steps required to add a new model and data tables to the \n AQMDSS. The final section describes the Operational Requirements of the emissions inventory portion \n of the AQMDSS.","bbox":{"left":0.088235,"top":0.518894,"width":0.8152100000000001,"height":0.10748500000000005}},{"text":"DATA ELEMENTS","bbox":{"left":0.088235,"top":0.638727,"width":0.16862699999999997,"height":0.02098500000000003}},{"text":"This section discusses the design of the relational database underlying the AQMDSS. The design \n supports the NIF33 data format, which was enhanced to support multiple countries, the models within \n the AQMDSS, and geospatial data analysis tools. Using relational principles, the database structure can \n be easily expanded to support the data requirements of other models and analysis tools.","bbox":{"left":0.088235,"top":0.671015,"width":0.810648,"height":0.07263600000000003}},{"text":"The U.S. EPA provides the NIF3 specifications in Microsoft® Excel, Microsoft® Access, and \n XML formats. Although the NIF3 is inherently relational, the specifications do not explicitly include the \n multifield relations between the data tables. Also, basic codes (e.g., pollutant code) required for the \n emissions inventory data are provided separately from the format specifications. When a data provider \n (e.g., state agency) uploads emissions inventory data from its data storage system to the U.S. EPA, QA \n is performed on the data submission. The U.S. EPA notifies the data provider of any data errors. The \n data provider then edits and uploads the data again. This cycle is repeated until the data submission \n passes the QA step.","bbox":{"left":0.088235,"top":0.754621,"width":0.820131,"height":0.14357600000000004}},{"text":"2","bbox":{"left":0.494902,"top":0.935258,"width":0.00980399999999998,"height":0.020212000000000008}}],"images_bbox":[],"images_bbox_not_text_overlap":[]}