{"content":[{"text":"technologies that are expected to play a major role in complying with both EPA’s future \n emission standards for new engines include diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs), diesel particulate \n filters (DPFs), closed crankcase filters (CCFs), selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCR), and \n NOx adsorber catalysts. MECA believes that further reductions in NOx emissions from new \n heavy-duty on-road and off-road diesel engines beyond the 2010 on-road and Tier 4 off-road \n requirements will be possible through the combinations of more advanced diesel engines with \n advanced diesel exhaust emission control technologies including SCR and/or NOx adsorber \n catalysts. Additional tightening of NOx standards for both on-road heavy-duty and off-road new \n diesel engines should be considered by EPA as an additional strategy that could further reduce \n ozone levels across the country.","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.091347,"width":0.7602549999999999,"height":0.173597}},{"text":"Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology is a proven NOx control strategy. SCR \n has been used to control NOx emissions from stationary sources for over 15 years. More \n recently, it has been applied to select mobile sources including trucks, marine vessels, and \n locomotives. In 2005, SCR using a urea-based reductant was introduced on a large number of \n on-road diesel heavy-duty engines to help meet the Euro 4 heavy-duty NOx emission standards. \n More than 100,000 new heavy-duty truck engines are now operating in Europe equipped with \n SCR systems that use urea as the reductant for reducing NOx emissions. SCR systems are also \n being used on some new heavy-duty trucks to comply with Japan’s 2005 heavy-duty diesel \n engine emissions standards. SCR is also being given serious consideration by engine \n manufacturers for complying with future on-road heavy-duty diesel engine emission standards in \n both the U.S. and Japan (in the 2009-2010 timeframe). Several heavy-duty diesel engine \n manufacturers have already announced their intentions to commercialize 2010-compliant heavy- \n duty that will use SCR catalyst technology. Applying SCR to diesel-powered engines provides \n simultaneous reductions of NOx, PM, and HC emissions.","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.283013,"width":0.7608569999999999,"height":0.24329399999999995}},{"text":"Since the mid-1990s, SCR technology using a urea-based reductant has also been \n installed on a variety of marine applications in Europe including ferries, cargo vessels, and \n tugboats with over 100 systems installed on engines ranging from approximately 450 to 10,400 \n kW. These marine SCR applications include the design and integration of systems on a vessel’s \n main propulsion engines and auxiliary engines. Most recently an SCR system has been \n successfully installed on one of New York City’s Staten Island ferries. A smaller number of \n SCR systems have or will be installed on diesel locomotives in Europe and the U.S. to validate \n the performance of SCR catalysts in another off-road application area. EPA has cited SCR \n catalysts as the most feasible technical approach for complying with its proposed Tier 4 \n locomotive and marine diesel engine emission standards that would begin in the next decade \n once they are finalized.","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.544301,"width":0.7546819999999999,"height":0.191021}},{"text":"NOx adsorber technology is another available NOx control strategy that can reduce NOx \n emissions from new diesel engines. NOx adsorber catalysts are currently being used \n commercially in light-duty gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines sold in Europe and Japan and \n on several light-duty and heavy-duty diesel vehicles currently sold in the U.S. Additional light- \n duty diesel introductions have been announced by several vehicle manufacturers for the U.S. \n market that will employ NOx adsorber catalysts for complying with either the ARB LEV II or \n the EPA Tier 2 light-duty vehicle emission limits.","bbox":{"left":0.117647,"top":0.753392,"width":0.7561689999999999,"height":0.12132399999999999}}],"images_bbox":[],"images_bbox_not_text_overlap":[]}