{"content":[{"text":"Body condition scoring has to be approached in a systematic manner. A 1-9 system is used to \n describe animals that are extremely emaciated to animals that are so fat they have difficulty \n walking. The threshold body condition score is considered a 5 for a 1-9 indexing system. The key \n anatomical feature that distinguishes an animal below average fatness (<5) is the visible expression \n of the 12th and 13th ribs (last two ribs in the rib cage) (Figure 1). In standard European beef breeds \n (Bos taurus), if you can observe the 12th and 13th rib they are classified as a 4 or less. Zebu or Bos \n indicus breeds store more internal fat and are scored below a 5 if more than the upper crest of the \n 12th and 13th rib are showing (about 0.5 score higher than Bos taurus). If the short ribs or \n transverse processes are not showing, the animal is classified as a 4. If the short ribs are showing \n and a moderate \"V\" has formed between the hooks and pins down to the trochanter major, the \n animal is a solid 3. However, if the foreribs are distinct, the transverse processes showing, the \n vertebrae in the tail head are showing and a strong \"V\" is evident between the hooks and pins, the \n animal is classified as a 2. An animal in score 1, has a distinct hipbone showing with an strong \"V\" \n effect between the hooks and pins, ribs are distinct, no tissue can support the tail head and the \n animal appears near death.","bbox":{"left":0.107884,"top":0.088629,"width":0.784204,"height":0.264214}},{"text":"Transverse Transverse \n Process Process \n (shortribs) (shortribs)","bbox":{"left":0.380918,"top":0.387637,"width":0.084287,"height":0.049153}},{"text":"Hooks Hooks","bbox":{"left":0.65099,"top":0.412639,"width":0.04759899999999995,"height":0.017857999999999985}},{"text":"Sublumbar Sublumbar \n Fossa Fossa","bbox":{"left":0.545356,"top":0.432127,"width":0.08122699999999994,"height":0.03351399999999999}},{"text":"Tailhead Tailhead","bbox":{"left":0.741109,"top":0.442504,"width":0.06434600000000001,"height":0.017857999999999985}},{"text":"Backbone Backbone \n Vertebrae Vertebrae","bbox":{"left":0.335948,"top":0.451729,"width":0.07477,"height":0.033513000000000015}},{"text":"Pins Pins","bbox":{"left":0.77715,"top":0.614561,"width":0.032618999999999954,"height":0.01785800000000004}},{"text":"Trochanter Trochanter \n major major","bbox":{"left":0.644415,"top":0.632742,"width":0.08132799999999996,"height":0.033513000000000015}},{"text":"12th/13th 12th/13th \n Ribs Ribs","bbox":{"left":0.658228,"top":0.688714,"width":0.07018000000000002,"height":0.033494000000000024}},{"text":"Ribcage Ribcage","bbox":{"left":0.541144,"top":0.70445,"width":0.061555000000000026,"height":0.01785800000000004}},{"text":"Figure 1. Key anatomical features of a cow that are used in body condition scoring systems \n (Adapted from International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi).","bbox":{"left":0.107884,"top":0.787654,"width":0.761802,"height":0.038409000000000026}}],"images_bbox":[],"images_bbox_not_text_overlap":[]}