KENYA STANDARD           DKS 2804-1:2019 
ICS  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
Fire classification of construction 
products and building elements—   
 
Part 1:  
Classification    using   data   from reaction   to fire tests  
Public Review Draft April 2019 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  DKS 2804-1:2019  
ii  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved © KEBS 2019 First Edition, 2019 
 
 
  KENYA STANDARD                                       DKS 2804-1:2019 
ICS  
© KEBS 2019 — All ri ghts reserved   iii TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION 
 
The following organizations were represented on the Technical C ommittee:  
 
National Housing Corporation 
Kenya Clay Products Ltd 
Coast Clay Works Ltd 
Consumer Information Network 
University of Nairobi  
Kenya Industrial Research & Development Institute 
Architectural Association of Kenya 
M&O Consulting Engineers 
Kenya Association of Manufacturers, 
Miritini Building Products Ltd. Kenya National Federation of Jua Kali Association 
Kenya Bureau of Standards — Secretariat 
 
 
 
 
REVISION OF KENYA STANDARDS 
 
In order to keep abreast of progress in industry, Kenya Standar ds shall be regularly reviewed.  Suggestions 
for improvements to published standards, addressed to the Manag ing Director, Kenya Bureau of Standards, 
are welcome. 
  
 
 
© Kenya Bureau of Standards, 2017 
 
Copyright. Users are reminded that by virtue of Section 25 of the Copyright Act, Cap. 130 of 2001  of the Laws of Kenya, copyri ght subsists 
in all Kenya Standards and except as provided under Section 25 of this Act, no Kenya Standard produced by Kenya Bureau of Stand ards 
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing fro m the 
Managing Director.  
  DKS 2804-1:2019  
iv  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
Fire classification of construction products 
and building elements—   
 
Part 1: 
 
Classification    using   data    from reaction   to fire tests  
 
  
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
KENYA BUREAU OF S TANDARDS (KEBS) 
 
Head Office: P.O. Box 54974, Nairobi-00200, Tel.: (+254  020) 605490, 602350 , Fax: (+254 020)  604031 
E-Mail: info@kebs.org, Web:http://www.kebs.org  
 
Coast Region    Lake Region     Rift Valley Region  
P.O. Box 99376, Mombasa-80100  P.O. Box 2949, Kisumu-40100       P.O. Box 2138, Nakuru-20100 
Tel.: (+254  041) 229563, 230939/40 Tel.: (+254 057) 23549, 223 96       Tel.: (+254 051) 210553, 210555  
Fax: (+254  041) 229448   Fax: (+254 057) 21814 
 
Foreword KENYA STANDARD                                       DKS 2804-1:2019 
ICS  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   v  
This Kenya Standard was prepared by the Clay and Clay Products Technical Committee under the guidance 
of the Standards Projects Committ ee and in accordance with the procedures of the Kenya Bureau of 
Standards. 
 During the development of this standard, reference was made to the following documents: 
 
BS EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009 Fire classification of construction products and building elements- Part 
1: Determination of Determination of compressive strength. 
 
Acknowledgement is hereby made for the assistance received from  these sources. 
  
KENYA STANDARD           DKS 2804-1:2019 
 
 
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   1  
Fire classification of construct ion products an d building eleme nts—   
 
Part 1:  
Classification    using    data   from rea ction   to fire tests
 
 
1. Scope  
 
This Kenyan Standard provides the reaction to fire classificati on procedure for all construction products, 
including products incorporated within building elements.  
Products are considered in relation to their end use applicatio n. 
 This document applies to three categories, which are treated se parately in  this  Kenyan Standard:  
 
- construction products, excluding floorings and linear pipe th ermal insulation products; 
- floorings; - linear   pipe thermal  insulation    products. 
2. Normative references 
 
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the ap plication of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated referen ces, the latest edition of the referenced document 
(including any amendments) applies.  
EN  13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products -    Bu ilding products excluding floorings exposed to the 
thermal attack by a single burning item  
prEN 15725,. Extended application reports on the fire performan ce of construction products and building 
elements  
CEN/TS 15117, Guidance on direc t and extended application 
 EN ISO 1182, Reaction to fire tests for building products -   N on-combustibility test (ISO 1182:2002) 
 
EN ISO 1716, Reaction to fire tests for building products -   D etermination of the heat of combustion 
(ISO 1716:2002) 
 
EN ISO 9239-1,   Reaction to fire tests for floorings -   Part 1:   Determination of the burning behaviour using 
a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-1:2002) 
 
EN  ISO  11925-2,  Reaction  to  fire  tests  -     lgnitability  of  building  pr oducts  subjected  to  direct impingement 
of flame -   Part 2: Single-fla me source test (ISO 11925-2:2002 ) 
 
3. Terms, definitions and symbols 
 
3.1. Terms  and definitions 
 
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and defi nitions apply. 
 
NOTE: Where the definitions are  identical to those in EN ISO 13 943, this is indicated.   
2  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
 
3.1.1.   product 
material, element or component  about  which information  is  r equired 
 
3.1.2.   material 
single  basic substance  or uniformly  dispersed  mixture  of s ubstances,  e.g. metal, stone, timber,  concrete, 
mineral wool with uniformly  dispersed  binder or polymers 
 
3.1.3.   homogeneous product 
product consisting  of a single material,  having uniform densi ty and composition  throughout  the product 
 
3.1.4.   non-homogeneous product 
product that does not satisfy the requirements  of a homogeneou s   product. 
 
NOTE         It is a product co mposed of one or more components , substantial and/or non-substantial. 
 
3.1.5.   Substantial component 
material that constitutes  a s ignificant  part of a non-homogen eous   product.  A layer with a mass/unit area 
≥1,0 kg/m2  or a thickness  > 1,0 mm is con sidered  to be a substantial  component 
 
3.1.6.    non-substantial component 
material   that  does  not  constitute   a  significant   part  of  a  non-homogeneous    product.  A  layer  with  a 
mass/unit  area < 1,0 kg/m2   and a thickness  < 1,0 mm is  considered  to be a non-substan tial  component 
 
NOTE         Two  or  more  non-substantial  layers  that  are  adjacent  to  each  other  (i.e.  with no substantial 
component(s) in between the layers) are regarded as one non-sub stantial component when they collectively 
comply with the requirements for a layer being a non-substantia l component. 
 
3.1.7.   Internal non-substantial component 
non-substantial component  that is  covered  on both sides by at  least one substantial  component 
 
3.1.8.   external non-substantial component 
non-substantial  component  that is not covered  on one side by  a substantial  component 
 
3.1.9.   flooring 
upper  layer(s)  of a floor,  comprising  any surface  finish  with or without  an attached  backing  and with any 
accompanying  underlay,  interlayer and adhesives 
 
3.1.10. Linear pipe thermal insulation product 
length  of  insulation  product  designed  to fit around  pipes ,  with  a maximum  outer  insulation  diameter  of 
300 mm and not intended for use with cylindrical ducts  
3.1.11. substrate 
product which  is used immediately  beneath the product  about which  information  is required. 
 
NOTE      For flooring, it is the floor on which it is mounted or the material which represents this floor.  
 
3.1.12. standard substrate 
product which is representative  of the substrate  used in end- use  applications 
 
3.1.13. end  use application 
real application  of a product,  in  relation  to all aspects  that  influence  the behaviou r   of that product  under 
different  fire situations. 
 NOTE         It covers aspects such as its quantity, orientatio n, position in relation to other adjacent products, 
and its method of fixing. 
  
3.1.14. fire performance DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   3 response of an item when exposed  to a specific fire (EN ISO 13 943) 
 
3.1.15. reaction to fire 
response of a product  in contributing  by its own  decompositi on   to a fire  to which  it is exposed,   under 
specified  conditions 
 
3.1.16. fire scenario 
detailed  description  of conditions,  including  environmental ,   of one or more  stages from  before  ignition to 
after completion  of combustion  at a specific  location or in a real scale simulation  (EN ISO 13943) 
 
3.1.17. reference  scenario 
hazard situation  used as a reference for a given test method  or classification  system 
 
3.1.18. fire situation 
stage in the development  of a fire, characterised   by the nat ure,  severity and size of the thermal  attack  on 
the products  involved 
 
3.1.19. Combustion 
exothermic reaction of a substance  with an oxidizer  (EN ISO 1 3943) 
 NOTE         Combustion generally emits effluent accompanied by  flames and/or visible light. 
 
3.1.20. heat of combustion 
thermal energy produced  by comb ustion  of unit of mass of a gi ven substance  (EN ISO 13943) 
 
NOTE It is expressed in joules per kilogram.  
3.1.21. gross  heat of combustion (PCS) 
heat of combustion  of a substance  when the combustion  is com plete  and any produced  water  is entirely 
condensed  under specified  conditions  (EN ISO 13943)  
3.1.22. net heat of combustion (PCI) 
heat of combustion  of a substance  when  the  combustion  is c omplete  and any produced  water  is in the 
vapour state under specified   conditions  (EN ISO 13943) 
 
NOTE        The net heat of combustion may be calculated from t he gross heat of combustion.  
 
3.1.23. Contribution to fire 
energy released by a product influencing the fire growth both i n pre- and post-flashover situations 
 
3.1.24. ignitability 
measure of the ease with which an item can be ignited, under sp ecified conditions (EN ISO 13943) 
 
3.1.25. heat release 
calorific  energy  which  is  released  by  the  combustion  of   an  item  under  specified  conditions (EN ISO 
13943)  
3.1.26. small fire attack 
thermal attack produced by a sma ll flame like  a match or a lig hter 
 
3.1.27. level of exposure 
intensity, duration and exten t of the thermal attack on a produ ct 
 
3.1.28. flame spread 
vertical flame spread ( F
s) is the highest point reached by the flame tip, as measured in  the test in EN ISO 
11925-2  
NOTE         Lateral flame spread is the furthest extent of tra vel of a sustained flame,   as measured in the 
EN 13823 test.   
4  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 3.1.29. Sustained flaming 
existence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of  time (EN ISO 13943) 
 NOTE         The period required will vary across different sta ndards, but it is usually of the order of 10 s. 
 
3.1.30. fully developed fire 
state of total involvement of combustible materials in a fire ( EN ISO 13943) 
 
3.1.31. flashover                                                                                                                                 
transition to a state of total s urface involvement in a fire of  combustible materials within an enclosure (EN ISO 
13943) 
 
3.1.32. flaming droplets/particles 
material separating from the specimen during the fire test and continuing to flame for a minimum period as 
described by the test method 
 
3.1.33. critical heat flux at extinguishment (CHF) 
incident heat flux (kW/m
2 )  at the surface of a specimen  at the point where the flame ceases to 
advance and may subsequently go out.  
NOTE         The heat flux value reported is based on interpola tions of measurements with a non-combustible 
calibration board.  
 
3.1.34. heat flux at X minutes ( HF-X ) 
total  heat flux  (kW/m
2)   received  by the  specimen  at the  most  distant spread  o f flame  position observed 
during the first X minutes of the test  
3.1.35. critical  heat flux  ( CHF) 
heat flux at which the flame extinguishes ( CHF)  or the heat flux after a test period of 30 min ( HF-30 ), whichever 
is the lower value  
NOTE      It is the flux corresponding with the furthest extent  of spread of flame within 30 min. 
 
3.1.36. smoke hazard 
potential for injury and/or damage from smoke 
 
3.1.37. FIGRA 
fire growth rate index used for classification purposes 
 EXAMPLE: 
 
 
3.1.38. FIGRA
0,2MJ 
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR-
threshold of 0,2 MJ 
 NOTE         FIGRA
0,2MJ  is defined in more detail in EN 13823. 
 
3.1.39. FIGRA 0,4MJ 
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR-
threshold of 0,4 MJ  
NOTE         The FIGRA
0,4MJ is defined in more detail in EN 13823. 
 
DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   5 3.1.40. SMOGRA 
smoke growth rate. The maximum of the quotient of smoke product ion rate from the specimen and the time of 
its occurrence 
 NOTE         The SMOGRA  is defined in more detail in EN 13823. 
 
3.1.41. direct field  of application 
outcome of a process (involving the application of defined rule s) whereby a test result is deemed to be equally 
valid for variations in one or more of the  product properties and/or intended end  use applications  
 
3.1.42. extended field of application 
outcome   of  a  process   (involving   the  application   of  defined   rules  that  may  incorporate    calculation 
procedures)    that   predicts,    for   a  variation    of  a   product    property    and/or   its   intended    end   use 
application(s),   a test result  on the basis of one or more te st results  to the same test standard 
 
3.1.43. extended application result 
predicted   result   for   performance    parameter   obtai ned   following   the   process   of extended   field   of 
application 
 
3.1.44. extended application report 
document   reporting  extended   application   results,  includ ing  all details  of the  process  leading  to those 
results,  prepared  in accor dance   with  prEN   15725. 
 
3.2. Symbols and abbreviations 
 
The symbols and notations correspond to those given in the appr opriate test method. 
  
6  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
4. Classes of reaction to fire performance 
 
The classes with their correspo nding fire performance are given  in:  
 
- Table 1   for construction   p roducts  excluding   floorings;  
- Table  2 for floorings; 
- Table 3 for linear pipe thermal insulation products. 
 
Products classified   in a given class are deemed to satisfy al l the requirements of any lower class. 
 Pipe-insulation   and insulation of cylindrical ducts with a ma ximum outer insulation diameter larger than 
300mm  and  insulation  product  intended  to  be used  on flat   surfaces  shall  be tested  as  prescribed   in 
Table  1.  
A classification can only be obtained by undertaking the tests or the extended   application   process required 
for that particular   product.  A classification   obtained   f or one product type, e.g.  floorings, cannot be 
interpreted  or accepted  in a different  classification  syste m. 
 
 
  
 
DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   7 5. Test methods and field of application rules 
 
5.1. General 
 
The following test methods are specified in relation to the env isaged   reaction to fire classification.  The 
relevant classification parameters are given in Tables 1, 2 and  3. 
 Direct  and  extended   application    shall   be  carried   ou t  as  described    in  GEN/TS   15117   and  in 
prEN  15725.  
 
5.2. Non-combustibility test (EN ISO 1182) 
 This test identifies products that will not, or not significant ly, contribute to a fire, regardless of their end use. 
 The test is relevant for  the classes A1, A2, A1
fl, A2 fl,  A2fl,  A1 L  and A2 L. 
 
 
5.3. Heat of combustion test (EN ISO 1716) 
 
This  test  determines  the  potential  maximum   total  heat  release  of a  product  when  completely   burning, 
regardless  of its end use. 
 
The test is relevant for  the classes A1, A2, A1 fl, A2 fl,  A2 fl,  A1 L  and A2 L. 
 
It allows the determination   of both the gross heat of combust ion   ( PCS) and the net heat of combustion 
(PCI). 
 
5.4. Single burning it em test (EN 13823) 
 
This  test  evaluates   the  potential  contribution   of  a  p roduct  to  the  development   of  a fire,  under  a fire 
situation  simulating  a single  burning  item in a room corner  near to that product. The test is relevant for the 
classes A2, A2 L, B, B L, C, C L, D and D L.  Under the conditions specified in 8.3.2 the test is also rel evant for the 
class A1.   
5.5. lgnitability test (EN ISO 11925-2) 
 
This test evaluates the ignitability of a product under exposur e to a small flame. The test is relevant for the 
classes B, C, D, E, B
fl, Cfl, Dfl, Efl, BL, CL, DL and E L. 
 
5.6. Determination of the burning behaviour of floorings, using  a radiant heat source  
(EN ISO 9239-1) 
 
This test evaluates the critical radiant flux below which flame s no longer spread over a horizontal surface. The 
test is relevant for the classes A2 fl, Bfl, Cfl and D fl. 
 
6. Principles for testing, specimen preparation and field of ap plication 
 
6.1. General  requirements for specimen preparation 
 
Before testing, product specimens shall be prepared and conditi oned and, where relevant, mounted in 
accordance with the relevant test methods, product specificatio ns or other technical specifications. Ageing and 
washing procedures, if required by the relevant product specifi cations, are carried out in accordance with that 
specification. Rules for direct and extended application of tes t results may influence the choice of the specific 
specimen preparation and/or details of test arrangements, so as  to cover an envisaged field of application of 
test results.  
6.2. Specific requirements for non-combustibility and  heat of combustion testing 
 
Non-combustibility and heat of combustion are product character istics and are thus independent of the end 
use of the product.  
8  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
For homogeneous products they are determined directly. 
 
Non-combustibility and heat of combustion of non-homogeneous pr oducts are determined indirectly by 
prescriptive rules, from the data  obtained on their substantial  and non-substantial components. 
 
6.3. Specific requirements for th e single  burning item test, t he ignitability test and the test for the 
determination of the burning behaviour of floorings, using a ra diant heat source 
                                                                                                                                                            
The potential contribution of a product to a fire does not only  depend on its intrinsic properties and the thermal 
attack, but also to a large ext ent on its end use application i n the construction. Therefore, it shall be tested so 
as to simulate its end use application. 
 
NOTE         It should be noted that as a conseq uence of a product being used in different end use applications , 
the product can have different c lassifications relating to each  application. 
 
This end use application mainly includes the following aspects:  
 
- the orientation of the product; 
- its position in relation to other adjacent products (substrat e, fixing etc.).  
Typical orientations are: 
- vertical, facing an open space (wall/facade position); - vertical, facing a void;  
- horizontal with exposed face downwards (ceiling position);  - horizontal with exposed face upwards (flooring position);  
- horizontal within a void. 
All construction products, except floorings, shall be tested in  the vertical position for the purpose of reaction to 
fire classification. 
 Floorings shall be tested horizontally with the exposed face up wards according to EN ISO 9239-1, and 
vertically according to EN ISO 11925-2. 
 Typical positions in relation to other products are for example : 
 
- free standing: without any product immediately behind or in f ront of it. In this case the product shall be 
tested free standing with an appropriate support; 
 
- on a substrate: glued, mechanically fastened or simply in con tact. In this case the product shall be tested 
with a substrate and fastening representing the end use applica tion; 
 
- forming a cavity with a substrate. The product shall be teste d as such.  
 
Details of test arrangements are  given in the relevant test met hod. 
 
Taking into account the role of the substrates and the fixings on the potential contribution of a product to a fire, 
a single product may be classified in different classes as a fu nction of its end use application. If only one end 
use is envisaged, only that end use shall be tested. 
 Products which, in practice, are positioned in vertical or hori zontal voids, are tested with an air gap.  For such 
applications, asymmetrical products may be tested and classifie d for each side separately. 
 In order to reduce the amount of testing, a series of standard substrates is given in EN 13238 and a set of 
representative mounting conditions is given in the relevant tes t method or product specification. A sponsor, DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   9 however, may choose none of the standard substrates or the repr esentative mounting conditions, although 
this will limit the field of appl ication of the test results an d classifications obtained. 
 
In the ignitability test (EN ISO 11925-2), products are tested with surface flame attack only if in the envisaged 
end use application direct flame attack on the edge cannot occu r. This is the case for floorings. If edges can 
be exposed under end use conditions, both surface and edge flam e attacks are applied. 
 
6.4. Field of application 
 
Field of application can be defined using test reports and othe r relevant data, in accordance with the 
procedures specified in prEN 15725, which e.g. describes the ro le of extended application in the classification 
process. 
 
 
7. Number of tests for classification 
 
7.1. The minimum number of tests is given in the appropriate test me thod. 
7.2. For a product to claim a particu lar classification all the rele vant criteria, given in Table 1, 2 or 3, shall 
comply with the stated requirements.  
 
7.3. For each  continuous  parameter  ( ∆T,  ∆m,  t f,   PCS,  PCI,  FIGRA 0,2MJ,  FIGRA 0,4MJ,  THR 600S, 
SMOGRA, TSP 600S,  critical heat flux) the selection of the class is based on t he mean value (m) of 
the set of results of this parameter,  determined in  accordanc e with the relevant test method,  using 
the following procedure: 
 
a) calculate the mean value  (m') of the set of results for thi s parameter using the minimum 
number of tests; 
 
b) if m' lies within the limits for an envisaged class, the val ue m used for classification is m'; 
 
c) if m' does not lie within the limits for an envisaged class,  two additional tests may be carried 
out; 
 
d) if two additional tests are carried out, the results for eac h parameter in these two tests shall 
be added to the set of results obtained in the minimum number o f tests. Next, the two 
extremes (highest and lowest) for each parameter individually s hall be excluded. The value 
m, used for classification, shall then be calculated using the r emaining set of results for 
each parameter. 
 
7.4. For the compliance parameters LFS, F S and flaming droplets/particles, the selection of the class is 
based on the presence of a non-compliance in the set of results  of this parameter, determined in 
accordance with the relevant test method, using the following p rocedure: 
 
- If the set of results for this parameter does not contain a n on-compliance, the result "compliant" shall be 
used for classification. 
 
If the set of results for this parameter contains more than one  non-compliance, the result "non-compliant" 
shall be used for classification.  
If the set of results for this parameter contains only one non- compliant result, two additional tests may 
be carried out. 
 
- If the two additional tests are not carried out, then the res ult "non-compliant" shall be used for 
classification. 
  
10  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved If the two additional tests are carried out, and a further "non -compliant" is recorded, the result "non-
compliant" shall be used for classification. If no further non- compliance results are recorded, then a result 
"compliant" shall be used for classification. 
 
7.5. The number of tests used for classification of a product is equ al to the minimum number of tests given 
in the appropriate test method increased by two. The two additi onal tests may be used only under the 
conditions given in 7.3 c), 7.3 d), 7.4, first and second hyphe n. 
 
7.6. Extended application results, obtained in accordance with the r elevant extended application rules, 
are considered equivalent to test results. They are used in exa ctly the same way as test results for 
the classification of the product and building element. A class ification report within the field of 
extended application shall include the extended application res ults, which appear from the extended 
application report. 
 
8. Testing of construction products, excluding floorings (see T able 1) 
 
8.1. Class  E 
 
A product applying for class E shall be tested in accordance wi th EN ISO 11925-2 with 15 s exposure time.  
 
8.2. Classes   D,  C,  B 
 
A  product  applying  for  class  D,   C or B shall  be tested  in accordance  with EN ISO  11925-2  with  30 s 
exposure  time. 
 Products   satisfying   the  EN   ISO  11925-2   criteria  for  class  D,   C  or  B shall  additionally   be tested   in 
accordance  with EN 13823. 
 FIGRA
0,2MJ   shall first be used to determine  whether  the requirement  for  Class A2 or B is met and  if it is not, 
FIGRA 0,4MJ shall be used to determine  wh ether  Class C or D is  met. 
 
8.3. Classes A2, A1 
 
8.3.1. Homogenous products 
 
A product applying for class A 1   shall be tested in accordanc e with EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 1716. 
 
A product applying for class A2 shall be tested in accordance w ith either EN ISO 1182 or EN ISO 1716. 
 
 
8.3.2. Non-homogeneous products 
 
Each  substantial   component   of  a  non-homogeneous    produ ct  applying   for  class  A 1     shall  be  tested 
separately  in accordance  with EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 1716. Ad ditionally,  any product with an external 
non-substantial   component,   having  a  PCS >  2,0  MJ/kg  an d  a  PCS ≤ 2,0  MJ/m2, shall  be tested   in 
accordance  with EN 13823 (see Table  1   -  footnote  c -  FIG RA in this case means  FIGRA 0,2MJ). 
 Each  substantial   component   of  a  non-homogeneous    produ ct  applying   for  class  A2  shall  be  tested 
separately  in accordance  with either  EN ISO 1182 or EN ISO 1 716. The non-substantial components of a 
non-homogeneous   product shall be tested separately in accorda nce with EN ISO 1716 only. 
 
8.3.3.  Class A2 products 
 
Additionally, all products applying for class A2 shall be teste d in accordance with EN 13823. 
 
   DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   11 8.4.  Additional clas sifications s1, s2, s3 for smoke productio n 
 
Classifications   s1, s2 and s3 are deduced from the measuring data obtained from testing in accordance with 
EN 13823.  
8.5. Additional classi fications d0, d1, d2 for flaming  droplet s/particles 
 
Classifications d0, d1 and d2 are deduced from observations of flaming droplets and particles: 
 
- for class  E in  EN ISO 11925-2                                                                                    (d2); 
 
- for classes  B, C and D in  EN ISO 11925-2  and EN 13823                                   (d0, d1 or d2); 
 
- for class A2 (and under the conditions  specified  in 8.3.2)  in EN 13823              (d0, d1 or d2). 
 
 
9. Testing  of floorings (see Table 2) 
 
9.1. Class E fl 
 A product  applying  for class  E
fl  shall  be tested  in accordance   with  EN ISO  11925-2  with   15 s exposure 
time.   
9.2. Classes   D
fl, Cfl and B fl  
 
A product applying for one of the classes Dfl, Cfl and B fl shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 9239-1 and 
EN ISO 11925-2 with 15 s exposure time.  
 
 
9.3. Classes A2 fl, A1 fl  
 
9.3.1.  Homogeneous products 
 
A product applying for class A1fl shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 1716.  
 
A product applying for class A2fl shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 9239-1 and either EN  ISO 1182 
or EN ISO 1716.  
9.3.2.  Non-homogeneous products 
 
Each substantial component of a  non-homogeneous product applyi ng for class A1
fl shall be tested separately 
in accordance with EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 1716. 
 
Each substantial component of a non-homogeneous product applyin g for class  A2 fl shall be tested separately 
in accordance with either EN ISO 1182 or EN ISO 1716. The non-s ubstantial components of a non-
homogeneous product shall be tested separately in accordance wi th EN ISO 1716 only. 
 
9.3.3.  Class A2 fl products 
 
Additionally, all products applying for class A2fl shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 9239-1. 
 
9.4. Additional classi fications s1, s2 for smoke  production 
 Classifications s1  and  s2  are  deduced from  the  data  obta ined from  testing  in  accordance with EN ISO 
9239-1.  
 
  
  
12  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 10.  Testing of linear pipe thermal  insulation products (see T able 3) 
 
10.1. Class E L 
 
A product applying for class E L shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 11925-2 with 15 s ex posure time. 
 
10.2. Class DL, CL or B L  
 
A product applying for class D L, CL or B L shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 11925-2 with 30 s ex posure 
time. 
 Products satisfying the EN ISO 11925-2 criteria for class D
L, CL or B L shall additionally be tested in accordance 
with EN 13823. 
 FIGRA
0,2MJ should first be used to determine whether the requirement for class A2L or BL or CL is met and if 
it is not, FIGRA 0,4MJ should be used to determine whether class D L is met.  
 
10.3. Classes  A2 L, A1 L 
 
10.3.1. Homogenous products 
 A product applying for class A1
L shall be tested in accordance wit h EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 1716 . 
 A product applying for class A2
L shall be tested in accordance w ith either EN ISO 1182 or EN IS O 1716. 
 
 
10.3.2. Non-homogeneous products 
 
Each substantial component of a non-homogeneous product applyin g for class A1 L   shall be tested separately 
in accordance with EN ISO 1182 and EN ISO 1716.  
Each substantial component of a non-homogeneous product applyin g for class A
2L shall be tested separately 
i n  a c c o r d a n c e  w i t h  e i t h e r  E N  I S O  1 1 8 2  o r  E N  I S O  1 7 1 6 .  T h e  n o n - s ubstantial components of a non-
homogeneous product shall be tested separately in accordance wi th EN ISO 1716 only. 
 
 
10.3.3. Class A2 L products 
 Additionally, all products applying for class A2L shall be test ed in accordance with EN 13823. 
 
10.4. Additional classi ficationss1, s2, s3 for smoke production  
 
Classifications s1, s2 and s3 are deduced from the measuring da ta obtained from testing in accordance with 
EN 13823. 
 
10.5. Additional classifications d 0, d1, d2 for flaming droplet s/particles 
 Classifications d0, d1 and d2 are deduced from observations of flaming droplets and particles: 
 
- for class E
L in EN ISO 11925-2                                                                                (d2); 
 
- for classes B L, CL and D L in EN ISO 11925-2 and EN 13823                                    (d0, d1  or d2); 
 
- for class A2 L in EN 13823                                                                                         (d0, d1  or d2). 
 
  
 
  DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   13 11.  Classification criteria for construction products, excludi ng floorings (see Table 1) 
 
11.1. General 
Performance levels for each specific parameter are determined f rom the test methods. 
 
a) Continuous parameters 
 
The mean value ( m) shall be determined for the performance level for each parame ter.  The classification 
shall then be determined from this value as described in 7.3. 
 
b) compliance   parameters 
 EN 13823                                     LFS  and flaming droplets/particles 
 
EN ISO 11925-2                          F
S and flaming droplets/particles 
 
The individual results for each parameter shall be assessed to determine the classification   as described in 
7.4.  
11.2. Class F 
 
No performance criteria. 
 
Class F also applies if a product fails to obtain class E when tested to EN ISO 11925-2. 
 
11.3. Class E 
 
The product shall satisfy the following criteria:   
EN ISO 11925-2 
 
Under  conditions   of surface  flame  attack  and,  where  req uired,  edge  flame  attack  (see  6.3),  with  15 s 
exposure  time, there shall be no flame spread  in excess  of 1 50 mm vertically from the point of application of 
the test flame within 20 s from the time of application. 
 
11.4. Class D 
 
The product shall satisfy all of the following criteria:  
a) EN ISO 11925-2 
 Under  condition  of  surface  flam e  attack  and,  where  requ ired,  edge  flame  attack  ( see  6.3),  with  30  s 
exposure  time, there shall  be no vertical flame  spread  in  excess  of 150 mm from  the point of application 
of the test flame within 60 s from the time of application;  
b) EN 13823 
 
FIGRA    (= FIGRA
0,4MJ) ≤ 750 W/s. 
 
 
 
14  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 11.5. Class C 
 
The product shall satisfy all of the following criteria:  
a) EN ISO 11925-2 
 Under  condition    of surface  flame  attack  and,  where  r equired ,   edge  flame  attack  (see  6.3)  with  30 s 
exposure   time,  there   shall   be  no  flame   spread   in  excess   of  150  mm  vertically   from  the  point  of 
application   of the test flame  within  60 s from  the time  o f application; 
 
b) EN 13823 
 
No lateral flame spread ( LFS) to the edge of the specimen. 
 
FIGRA   (= FIGRA
0,4MJ) ≤ 250 W/s  
 THR
600s  ≤ 15 MJ 
 
11.6. Class  B  
 The product shall satisfy all of the following criteria: 
 
a) EN ISO 11925-2 
 
Under  condition   of surface  fl ame  attack  and,  where   req uired,   edge  flame  attack  (see  6.3)  with  30 s 
exposure   time,   there   shall  be  no  flame   spread   in  excess   of  150  mm  vertically   from  the  point  of 
application   of the test flame  within  60 s from  the time  o f application; 
 
b) EN 13823 
 No lateral flame spread ( LFS) to the edge of the specimen. 
 
FIGRA  (= FIGRA
0,2MJ) ≤ 120 W/s 
 
THR600S≤ 7,5 MJ 
 
11.7. Class  A2 
 
11.7.1. General 
 When  tested  in accordance   with  EN  13823  every  class  A2   product  shall  satisfy  the same  criteria  as 
for class  B (see  11.6). 
 
11.7.2. Homogeneous products 
 
The product shall satisfy the following   criteria:  
a) EN ISO 1716 
 
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Each substantial   component   shall satisfy the following   cr iteria: 
 
 
 
NOTE         The PCS parameter includes a measure of the latent heat contained with in any moisture vapour 
generated by any material during its combustion in the test acc ording to EN ISO 1716:2002, Annex A and 
which during the fire process may not contribute to temperature  rise. Therefore, products containing materials 
that can be shown to provide a PCI (as opposed to a PCS value) significantly less than the specified limits for 
the PCS can be considered as candidates for an appeal procedure . 
 
11.8. Class A1 
 
11.8.1. Homogeneous products 
 
The product shall satisfy all of the following criteria:  
 
 
16  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 11.8.2. Non-homogeneous products 
 
Each substantial   component   shall satisfy   all of the follo wing   criteria: 
 
a)     EN ISO 1716  
 
NOTE           The PCS parameter includes a measure of the latent heat contained with in any moisture vapour 
generated by any material during its combustion in the test acc ording to EN ISO 1716:2002, Annex A and 
which during the fire process may not contribute to temperature  rise.  Therefore, products containing materials 
that can be shown to provide a PCI (as opposed to a PCS value) significantly less than the specified limits for 
the PCS can be considered as candidates for an appeal procedure .  
 
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© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   17 11.9. Additional classifications s1, s2, s3 for smoke  producti on 
 
11.9.1. General 
 Products classified A2, B, C, D obtain an additional classifica tion of s 1,   s2 or s3 regarding the smoke 
production.  
11.9.2. s1 
 
  
 
11.9.3. s2 
 
  
 
11.9.4. s3 
 Products for which no performance is declared or which do not c omply with the s1 and s2 criteria. 
 
11.10. Additional classifications d0, d1,  d2 for flaming dropl ets and/or particles 
 
11.10.1. Products classified A2, B, C, D 
 
Products classified A2, B, C, D obtain an additional classifica tion of d0,  d1 or d2 regarding the production of 
flaming droplets and/or particles as follows: 
 
- d0, if no flaming droplets/particles occur within 600 s when tested in accordance with EN 13823; 
 
- d1, if no flaming droplets/particles, persisting  longer than  10 s, occur within 600 s when tested in 
accordance with EN 13823; 
 
- d2 if no performance is declared, or if the product 
 
a) does not comply with the d0 and d1  classification criteria given above or  
b) Ignites the paper in the igni tability test (EN ISO 11925-2).  
 
 
18  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 11.10.2. Products classified E 
 
If ignition of the filter paper occurs in EN ISO 11925-2, a d2 classification is given for flaming droplets and 
particles. If no ignition of the filter paper occurs, class E i s obtained and no indication is given for d.  
 
12. Classification criteria  for floorings (see Table 2)  
 
12.1. General 
 
Performance   levels for each specific parameter shall be deter mined from the test methods.  
 
 
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20  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
 
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22  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 13. Classification criteria for linear pipe thermal insulation products (see Table  3) 
 
  
 
 
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24  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
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26  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
 
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28  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
NOTE         When a classification incl udes s3 and/or d2,  this means that there is no limit set for s moke 
production and/or flaming droplets/particles. 
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15. Field of application of the classification  
 
The field of application of the classification is identical to the field of application resulting from the test (s)  
and/or  from  the  extended  application  process If  different   end  use  applications  are envisaged for a 
particular product, this may result in different classification s. 
 In considering substrates and backings which can be applied in practice, EN 13238 specifies standard 
substrates for use in tests and gives rules for the field of ap plication of test results obtained using these 
standard substrates.  Use of these substrates is not mandatory.  The product may also be applied in end use 
condition or with a non-standard substrate representative of en d use. 
 
The applicability of test results using standard substrates giv en in EN 13238 is included in that standard. 
 
Where non-standard substrates are used, the test result is limi ted to that same substrate in its end use 
application.  
The applicability of test results obtained for products attache d to a substrate is limited to the method of 
attachment used in the test. If generic adhesives are used, the  results apply for all adhesives of the same type, 
applied in similar quantities.  'Generic' refers to adhesives g iving the same or higher reaction to fire 
classification to the product in question, as that tested. Subj ect to the above, 'generic' may also apply to 
adhesives of a defined type (e.g. polyvinylpyrolidone, polyviny lacetate). If specific adhesives are used, the 
results apply only for the specific adhesives. 
 
The reaction to fire classification may be valid for products w ithin the same family, where family is defined as 
a range of products within defined limits of variability of its  parameters, e.g. thickness, density, end use 
application, for which the reaction to fire classification is p roven to be unchanged or for which the field of 
application is extended in an extended application report~- 
 
NOTE         Rules for direct and extended application are give n in CEN/TS 15117. 
 
16. Classification report 
 
16.1.  General 
 
The aim  of the classification  report is to provide a harmonis ed way of presenting the classification of a product,  
based on  results  obtained  during tests  in accordance  with  the reaction to fire  test methods, or based on 
the outcome of an extended application process.  
A classification report is expected to detail the basis and the  results of the classification process. 
  
16.2. Content and format 
 
The classification report shall have the following content and format (see Annex B): 
 
a) identification number and dat e of the classification report;  
 
b) identification of the owner of the classification report; 
 
c) identification of the organisa tion  issuing the classificati on report; 
 
d) details  of  the  nature  and  use  of  the  product  under  classification,  including   its  commercial 
name(s);   
 
    
30  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved e) detailed description of the product; 
 
Either reference is made to a detailed description of the produ ct as available in one of the test reports 
or in the extended application report(s) in support of this cla ssification, or a detailed description is 
reproduced in this classification report. The detailed descript ion shall include a full description and 
identification of all relevant components and the method of ass embly etc.  If generic products are used 
a general description is sufficient.  If special products are u sed, however, e.g.  fire retardant glues,  all 
commercial references shall be given. 
 
It shall also include relevant product specifications applicabl e to the whole or parts of the classified 
product. 
 
f) Test (s) carried out; 
 
1) each test  report  or  extended  application report  used  i n support  of this  classification  is identified 
by: 
 
i) the name of the laboratory carrying out the tests or prepari ng the extended application 
report; 
 
ii) the name of the sponsor; 
 
iii) the test report and/or extended application report identif ication number; 
 
2) identification of  the tests and/or extended application rep orts carried out in accordance with the 
standard and the envisaged field of application; 
 
3) summary of test results for each specimen tested and or exte nded application results; 
 
g) classification and field of application; 
 
1) reference to the relevant classification procedure in this K enyan Standard; 
 
2) conclusion: classification of the construction product; 
 
3) detailed description of the field of deleted text applicatio n, i.e. the end use conditions of this 
classification report; 
 
h) additional statements; 
            The cla ssification report shall include: 
 
1) any restrictions on the duration of the validity of this cla ssification report; 
 
2) a warning 'This  document d oes  not represent type approval or certification of the product'; 
 
i) name and signature of the person(s) responsible for  the cla ssification report.  
 
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32  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
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34  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved Annex A  
(informative) 
 
Background information for the a pplication of the Commission De cision of 8 February 2000 
implementing Council Directive 89 /106/EEC as regards the classi fication of the reaction to fire 
performance of construction products 
 
A.1  General 
 This annex provides background information concerning the react ion to fire classification of a product that, in 
its end-use application, can contribute to the generation and s pread of fire and smoke within the room of origin 
or in a given area. 
 
It explains the basis of the classification given in tables of the Commission Decision 2000/147/EC and therefore 
uses terms of that document and gives explanations consistent w ith that document. 
 
  A.2 Assumptions 
 
A.2.1       For all construction products, the consideration is of a fire, initiated in a room, which can grow and 
eventually reach flashover. This scenario includes three fire s ituations corresponding to three stages in the 
development of a fire.  
a) The first stage includes initiation of the fire by ignition of a product, with a small flame, on a limited 
area of a product.  
b)   The second stage addresses fire growth eventually reaching  flashover. It is simulated by a single burning 
item in a corner of the room, creating a heat flux on adjacent surfaces. For floorings, fire is seen to grow in the 
room of origin, creating a heat flux on the floorings in an adj acent room or corridor, through a door opening. 
 
c)    In the post-flashover phase  all combustible products cont ribute to the fire load. 
 
A.2.2  The validation of the classification of products in terms of t heir contribution to fire growth and post 
flashover fires is based on a large scale scenario.  It is assu med that this classification is representative of 
other scenarios.  
A similar simplifying assumption is made to apply the same clas sification to different orientations and 
geometries and to product types other than room surface product s. 
 
Products are considered in relation to their end use applicatio n. If the classification based on one of the test 
methods and criteria listed in Tables 1, 2 and 3 is not appropr iate, one or more reference scenarios can be 
called upon. Such scenarios can be described in a future Kenyan  Standard or Commission Decision. 
 A.2.3      Different classes address exposure of the product at diffe rent stages of the fire development in the 
reference scenarios.  Figure A.1   demonstrates the relationshi p between the classes and the ISO 9705: 1993 
test used as a reference scenario for the definition of class l imits. 
 
A.2.4      There  is  no  unequivocal  relationship  between  differe nt  behavioural  characteristics,  or between 
similar characteristics under different fire exposures valid fo r all products. Different classes address to a certain 
extent different exposures and different behavioural characteri stics. Nevertheless, a higher classification 
should represent at least the same performance in each relevant  characteristic, but should also represent a 
better performance, if all behavioural aspects relevant for the  given class are considered. 
 
A.2.5     The assumption is that products classified as A 1   make no  contribution to fire growth or to the fully 
developed fire.  
A product classified as A1 is assumed to present no smoke hazar d. 
 DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   35 A.2.6       A principle generally accepted is that tests carried out in more severe conditions are accepted as 
valid for all less severe ones. In some cases, a typical end us e can cover a more severe end use. For example, 
EN 13823 and EN ISO 11925-2, carried out in vertical orientatio n, are used for all other orientations, or tests 
on a product facing an open space are used for the same product  exposed within vertical and horizontal voids. 
 
A.3 Reference fire situations 
 
A.3.1   Reference fire situati ons for construction products, li near pipe thermal insulation products but 
except floorings  
 
 
c)    Fully developed fire in a room 
 
                              Exposure:          post-flashover  fire 
                               Geometry:         any 
 
                              Fire situation:     any including  post-flashover 
  
                              Performance aspects to be conside red:   - heat and smoke release  
                                                                                                - flame spread 
 A.3.2  Reference fire situations for floorings 
 
a)   Small fire attack on a limited area 
 
                Exposure:     small flame without imposed radia tion 
                Geometry:      - vertical specimen 
 
 
36  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved                                              - surface attack 
 
             Fire situation: initial flame attack 
              Performance aspects to be considered:   - extent o f burning and damage as a function of time  
 
 b)   Fully developed fire in an adjacent room 
 
             Exposure:        radiation on a limited area 
              Geometry:       horizontal specimen 
 
             Fire situation:   fully developed fire in an adjac ent room 
 
             Performance aspects to be considered: - critical h eat flux (= extent of spread of flame) 
                                                                                          - smoke production 
 
NOTE         Floorings are not evaluated in respect of their co ntribution to the fire growth in the room of origin. 
 c) Fully developed fire in a room  
                
                Exposure: post-flash-over fire   
                Geometry: any 
                 Fire situation:   any including post-flash-over  
 
Performance aspects to be considered:  - heat and smoke release  
                                                                           - fire spread 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 DKS 2804-1:2019  
© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   37  
A.4 Relationship between classes and reference fire situations 
 
A.4.1    General 
 This relationship is specified as follows, and shown in the Fig ure A.1. 
  A.4.2   For all construction products excluding floorings 
  
38  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
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40  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
 
 
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© KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved   43 2     Details of classified product 
 
2.1 General  
The product, product name (as described by the sponsor), is def ined as a type of product (according to relevant 
European Technical Specification*).  2.2 Product description  
The product, product name (as described by the sponsor), is des cribed below or is described in the deleted 
text reports provided in support of classification listed in 3. 1. 
 
 
 
3      Reports and results in support of this classification  3.1 Reports 
 
Enter details of reports here as applicable  
Name of 
Laboratory Name of 
sponsor Report ref. no. Test method and date  
Field of application 
rules 
and date
Name of test 
laboratory Name of sponsor Report No Test 
Name of test 
laboratoryName of sponsor  Report No Test 
Name of test 
laboratoryName of sponsor  Report No Test 
    
    
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
44  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved 3.2 Results  
 
 
  
 
4     Classification and field of application 
 
4.1 Reference of classification  
This classification has been carried out in accordance with EN 13501-1:2007. 
 
4.2  Classification 
 
The product, product name (as described by the sponsor), in rel ation to its reaction to fire behaviour is 
classified: 
 
A1 to F, A1
fl to F fl or A1 L to F L (as applicable) 
 
The additional classification in relation to smoke production i s: 
 
s1, s2, s3 (as applicable) 
 
The additional classification in relation to flaming droplets /  particles is:  
 d0, d1, d2 (as applicable)  
The format of the reaction to fire classification for construct ion products excluding floorings and linear pipe 
thermal insulation products is: 
 
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46  © KEBS 2019 — All rights reserved  
