 
Page 1 of 27 
  
وزارة الصناعة والتكنولوجيا المتقدمة  
 Ministry of Industry & Advanced Technology   
(MOIAT) 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
UAE STANDARD 
 
UAE.S XXXX : 2022    
 
 
المتطلباتالفنية لمركبات  القيادة الذاتية   
 
Technical requirements for Automated Driving Vehicles    
 
 
 
 
 
 
جارية  
ICS :  
 
الإمارات العربية المتحدة 
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 
 
MOIAT © All Rights Reserved to Ministry of Industry & Advanced Technology  
 
 
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FOREWORD  
 
 
The Ministry of Industry and advanced technology (MOIAT) has national responsibility for 
standardization activities; one of MOIAT’s primary functions is to issue Emirates 
Standards/Technical Regulations through specialized technical committees.  
 
MOIAT through the “Technical Committee for vehicles  “ has prepared the standard 
“UAE.S xxxx : 2022  : Technical requirements for Automated Driving Vehicles  .” 
 
This standard has been approved as Emirates standard  by ministry Decree No. ( xxxx) 
date  xxx / xx / 2022  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
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Technical  requirements for Automated Driving Vehicles   
 
Article 0 
PURPOSE  
▪ The purpose of this document is to put the safety and security -relevant aspects of developing, 
producing, and operating automated driving vehicles , which lead to a safe product on the public 
roads in the United Arab Emirates.  
▪ This document is subject to periodic review by the National Committee , to modification in line with 
technological developments in the field of AD vehicles and following global trends in the  relevant  
technical committees in the UN (W P.29).  
Article 1  
SCOPE  
This standard  applies to the fully automated vehicles  designed and constructed for the carriage of 
passengers  and/ or carriage of goods or dual  mode  vehicles . it might  operate  in a predefined  area  or on a 
predefined  route , that  may  include  fixed  start  and  end  points .   
It is an automobile OEMs responsibility to determine its system’s automation level in conformity with 
automated levels define below:  
a. Highly automat ed (L4) means the vehicle can itself perform all driving tasks and monitor the driving 
environment necessarily  that is to perform the Dynamic Driving Task (DDT) in the Operational Design 
Domain (ODD). Such ADS does not require a fallback -ready user.  
b. Fully automated (L5) means that all aspects of the driving task and monitoring of the driving 
environment and the dynamic driving task are to be undertaken by the vehicle system. The vehicle can 
operate on all roads at all times.  
 
 
Article 2  
Terms and Definitions  
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions are applied:   
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 a-  ‘Automated Driving System’ (ADS) means the hardware and software of systems that are collectively 
capable of performing the entire DDT of the fully automated vehicle on a sustained basis  in a specific 
design domain ( ODD ). 
b- ‘Dynamic driving task (‘DDT’)’ means all real time operational functions and tactical/manoeuvring 
functions required to operate the vehicle, excluding strategic functions such as trip scheduling and 
selection of destinations and waypoints  and including without limitation the following subtasks:  
i. Lateral vehicle motion control via steering (operational);  
ii. Longitudinal vehicle motion control via acceleration and deceleration (operati onal);  
iii. Monitoring the driving environment via object and event detection, recognition, classification, 
and response preparation (operational and tactical);  
iv. Object and event response execution (operational and tactical);  
v. Manoeuvre planning (tactical);  
vi. Enhancing conspicuity via lighting, sounding the horn, signaling , gesturing, etc. (tactical).  
  
c- ‘Operational functions’ of the DDT means functions delivered over a time constant of milliseconds and 
which include tasks such as steering inputs to keep within a lane or braking to avoid an emerging hazard.  
d- ‘tactical functions’ of the DDT means functions delivered over a time constant of seconds and 
including tasks such as lane choice, gap acceptance and overtaking.  
e- ‘Fault’ means an abnormal condition that can cause a failure. This can concern hardware or software.  
f- ‘Failure’ means the termination of an intended behaviour of a component or a system of the ADS due to 
a fault manifestation.  
g- ‘Minimum Risk Manoeuvre (‘MRM’)’ means a manoeuvre aimed at minimising risk s in traffic by 
stopping the vehicle in a safe condition (i.e. minimum risk conditions).  
h- ‘Minimum  Risk Condition (‘MRC’)’ means a stable and stopped state of the vehicle that reduces the risk 
of a crash.  
i- ‘Operational  design Domain (‘ODD’)’ means operating conditions under which a given ADS is 
specifically designed to function, including, but not limited to, environmental, geographical, and time -of-
day restrictions, and/or the requisite presence or absence of certain traffic or roadway characteristics.  
j- ‘Norm al operation’ means the ADS operation within specified operational limits and conditions to 
perform the designed activity.  
k-  ‘Emergency operation’ means the ADS operation due to the occurrence of events requiring prompt 
action to mitigate adverse consequenc es on human health or property damage.  
l- ‘Unreasonable  risk’ means the overall level of risk for the vehicle occupants and other road users which 
is increased compared to a manually driven vehicle in comparable transportation services and situations 
within the operational design domain.   
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 m- ‘Remote  intervention o perator’ means, where applicable to the ADS safety concept, person(s) 
located outside the fully automated vehicle who may remotely achieve the tasks of the on -board 
operator provided it is safe to do so. The remote intervention operator shall not drive the  fully 
automated vehicle and the ADS shall continue to perform the DDT.  
n- ‘Dual  mode vehicles’ means fully automated vehicles with a driver seat designed and constructed:  
i. to be driven by the driver in the ‘manual driving mode’ and  
ii. to be driven by the ADS without any driver supervision in the ‘fully automated driving 
mode’.  
For dual mode vehicles, the transition between the manual driving mode and the fully automated 
mode,  as well the transition between the fully automated mode and the manual mode may only 
occur when the vehicle is at standstill, not when the vehicle is moving.  
 
Article 3 
General Requirements  
- It is the responsibility of the manufacturers to ensure  that the Vehicles on public roads comply with 
app licable  UAE road traffic laws.  
- Vehicle manufacturers should fulfil the requirement of the relevant transport authorities for the areas 
in which the tests will be conducted. And agree with them for any speci fic infrastructure 
requirements.  
- Manufacturers have a responsibility to ensure that highly and fully automated vehicle technologies 
undergo thorough testing and development before being brought to market. Using of automated 
vehicle technologies on public r oads or in other public places should therefore be facilitated while 
ensuring that this testing is carried out with the minimum risk . 
- If automated vehicle  safety concept include s remote guidance operator (s), such service must be 
provided as part of automat ed vehicle operation   
- Manufacturer should have training procedures in place for the operator s, training should cover 
potentially hazardous situations that may be encountered and the appropriate action to take when 
resuming manual control.  
- Automated Driving System  (ADS)  shall be capable of performing the entire  Dynamic Driving Task 
(DDT) .  The capability of the ADS to perform the entire DDT shall be determined in the context of the 
Operational Design Domain (ODD) of the ADS.  
- Fully automated vehicles may have some exemption  from the normal requirements in the relevant 
UAE  and GSO standers,  see the exemption  list in (Annex  1 ) .  
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 - Individual subsystems and the full vehicles should be designed to ensure safety and functionality and 
with the goal of ADSs free of operational safety risks.  
- The design and validation process should also consider including hazard analysis and safety risk 
assessment for ADSs.  
- The design should demonstrate that:  
- The vehicle can operate i n compliance with applicable  road safety and traffic laws.  
- Entity has legal responsibility for a highly or fully automated vehicle.  
Article  5  
Minimum  risk  manoeuvre  (MRM)  and  Minimum  Risk  Condition  (MRC)  
- During the MRM, the fully automated vehicle with the ADS shall be slowed down, with an aim of 
achieving a deceleration demand not greater than 4.0 m/s2  under noncritical circumstances , to a full 
standstill in the safest possible place considering  surrounding traffic and road infrastructure.  
- The ADS shall signal its intention to place the vehicle in a MRC, for example, by activating hazard 
warning lights   
- The fully automated vehicle shall only leave the MRC after confirmation that the cause(s) of the 
MRM is no longer present . 
Article 6  
 Operational Design Domain (ODD)  
      The entities should ensure the effectiveness and safety of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) through:  
a) The ODD conditions and boundaries shall be established by the manufacturer.  
b) The ADS shall recognise its ODD conditions and boundaries of the ODD.  
c) The ADS shall be able to determine if the conditions for ADS activation are met.  
d) The  ODD  conditions  to be recognized  by the ADS  shall  include:  
• Road and lane markings.   
• Geographic area (city, mountain, desert, etc.);  
• Speed range.   
• Weather (rain, snow, Fog )  
• Environmental conditions ( light intensity , daytime/nighttime);  
e) When  the ADS reaches  the ODD  boundaries,  it shall  perform  an MRM  to reach  a MRC  and shall  
warn  the on board  operator  (if applicable)  /remote  operator  accordingly  (if applicable).   
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 f) The scenarios  and parameters,  with  regard  to lane  change,  shall  be applied  as specified  in UN 
Regulation  No.157  . Furthermore,  the relevant  scenarios,  with  regard  to pedestrian  crossing,  
shall  be also applied  as specified  in UN Regulation  No.157.  
Article 7  
ADS behavior  
a- The ADS shall be a ble to:  
- operate at safe speeds and respect speed limitations applicable to the vehicle.  
- maintain appropriate distances from other road users by controlling the longitudinal and lateral 
motion of the vehicle.  
- adapt its behavior to the surrounding traffic co nditions (e.g., by avoiding disruption to the flow of 
traffic) in an appropriate safety -oriented way.  
- adapt its behavior in line with safety risks an d give the highest priority to the protection of human 
life)  
b- The ADS shall detect and respond appropriately to objects and events relevant for the DDT within the 
ODD. which might include:   
- motor vehicles and road user such as motorcycles, bicycles, and pede strians . 
- road accidents  
- traffic congestions  
- road works  
- emergency vehicles.  
- traffic signs, road markings  
- trains and light rail  
- environmental conditions (e.g. lower speed) . 
 
c- In cases of full y automated  vehicle s, the ADS must be able to fall back into a minimal risk condition 
without the need of remote operator intervention.  
d- In the case  the pedestrian  crosses  with  parameter  values  outs ide the boundaries  specified  in UN 
Regulation  157 and the ADS can no longer  avoid  collision,  the control  strategy  of the ADS may  
change  between  collision  avoidance  and mitigation  only  if the manufacturer  can declare  or provide  
technical  evidence  that this increases  the safety  of the vehicle  occupants  and the other  road  users  
(e.g.  by prioritizing  braking  over  an alternative  manoeuvre).  
The operating manual shall include the functional description of the ADS.  
- The operating manual shall include the technical measures (e.g. checks and maintenance 
works of vehicle and off -board infrastructure, transport and physical infrastructure  
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 requirements such as localization  marker  and perception  sensors ), operational restrictions 
(e.g. speed limit, dedicated lane, physical separation with oncoming traffic), environmental 
conditions (e.g. no snow) and operational measures (e.g. on -board operator or remote 
intervention operator needed) necessary to ensure safety during the fully automated vehicle 
operation.  
- The operating manual shall describe the instructions for vehicle occupants, transport service 
operator, on board operator (wher e applicable) and remote intervention operator (where 
applicable) and public authorities in case of failures and ADS request.   
- The operating manual shall set out rules to ensure proper performance of maintenance, 
overall tests and further examinations.   
 
Article 8  
 
Human Machine Interface  
- Where a remote operator or dispatcher is part of the ADS safety concept, the remote dispatcher, 
should be able to know the status of the ADS at all times.  The ADS shall  be able  to anticipate  exits  
from  the ODD . When  the ADS reaches  the ODD  boundaries,  it shall  perform  a MRM  to reach  a 
MRC  and shall  warn  the on board  operator  (if applicable)  /remote  operator  accordingly  (if 
applicable).  
- The ADS shall activate the  relevant vehicle systems when necessary and applicable (e.g. opening 
doors, activate wipers in case of rain, heating  or cooling  system, etc.)  
- If a remote intervention operator is part of the ADS safety concept, the fully automated vehicle shall 
provide th e vehicle occupants with a facility to call the operator through an audio -visual interface.  
- If a remote intervention operator is part of the ADS safety concept, the fully automated vehicle shall 
provide means to allow the remote intervention operator to as sess the situation inside and outside of 
the vehicle.it shall be possible for him to open the power operated service door remotely.  
 
Article 9  
Vehicle  Cybersecurity  & Software Update  
a- The ADS shall be protected from unauthorized access in accordance with UNECE R 155.  
b- The ADS shall support software updates. The effectiveness of the software update procedures and 
processes concerning the ADS shall be demonstrated by compliance with UN EC E R 156.  
c- Automobile OEMs Cyber Security Management System (CSMS) shall consider:  
- How they manage CS used within Automobile OEM’s organization.   
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 - Risk assessment system used to identify the risks to vehicle types, categorization , and treatment 
of the risks.  
- The testing and verification methods for CS of a vehicle type.  
- The processes used for ensuring that the risk assessment is kept latest level.  
- The ability to monitor/detect/respond to cyber -attacks/threats/vulnerabilities on vehicle 
types/the effectiveness of the processes itself.  
d- The Automobile OEMs using “Over the Air Software Update (OTASU)” shall:   
- Be able to restore systems to their previous version to place the vehicle into a safe state if the 
software update is failed or interrupted.  
- Be sure that the  software update will be executed safely when OTASU may affect the safety of 
the vehicle.  
- Notify the vehicle users about the update before the execution of OTASU and the result of the 
update.  
 
Article 10  
The  occupant protection system  
- The manufacturer shall demonstrate that an acceptable degree of consideration has been given to the 
functional and operational safety for the ADS during its design and development processes. The 
measures put in place by the manufacturer shall ensure that the fully automated vehicle is free of 
unreasonable safety risks to vehicle occupants and other road users during the vehicle lifetim e. and 
the manufacturer shall define the acceptance criteria from which the validation targe ts of the ADS are 
derived to evaluate the residual risk  for the ODD . 
Article 11  
ADS data requirements and specific data elements for event data recorder for fully automated 
vehicles  
- In case of an On-board data storage , the  device(s) shall be mounted in the vehicle cab/passenger 
compartment or in a position of sufficient structural integrity to protect against physical damage that 
would prevent the retrieval of data. This or a n alternative system, such as off -board data storage 
system, shall be covered with appropriate documentation (e.g. calculations or simulations); it should 
record:   
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 • Activation/ re -initialisation and Deactivation of the ADS .  
• Request sent by the ADS to the re mote intervention operator.  
• Request/Input send by the remote intervention operator  
• Start and End of emergency operation  
• Involved in a detected collision  
• Event data recorder (EDR) trigger input  
• Minimum risk manoeuvre engagement by the ADS  
• Minimum risk con dition reached by the fully automated vehicle  
• Description the ADS failure  
 
- The ADS data shall be available subject to requirements specified in the local or national laws.  
- Once the storage capacity reaches its limit, existing data shall only be overwritten following a first in 
first out procedure.  
- Documented evidence on the storage capacity shall be provided by the manufacturer.  
- the data shall be recorded in a clearly identifiable way.  
- the software versions for each recorded occurrence, indicate to the software that was present when 
the event occurred, shall be clearly identifiable.  
- The manufacturer shall provide instructions on how to access the data.  
- An adequate protection against manipulation (e.g. data erasure) of stored d ata shall be ensured for 
example by way of an anti -tampering design  
- Data stored shall be easily readable in a standardised way via the use of an electronic communication 
interface, at least through the standard interface (OBD port).  
- the ‘Event  Data Record er (EDR) should be accordance UNECE R  160  
Article 12 
Validation Methods  
 
- The reaction of the ADS under the influence of a faults which shall correspond with the documented 
summary of the hazard analysis, to a level that the safety concept and execution are confirmed as 
being adequate and in compliance with the requirements of this standard.  
- Simulation tool and mathematical models to verify of the safety concept may be used for scenarios 
that are difficult on a test track or in real driving cond itions.   
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 - Evidence must be provided to ensure the safety of motorized vehicles and cybersecurity. Tests should 
demonstrate the behavioral competencies an ADS would be expected to perform:  
• During Normal operation.   
• During crash avoidance situations.  
- To demon strate the expected performance of an ADS for deployment on public roads, test 
approaches may include a combination of:  
• simulation ;  
• test track ;  
• on-road testing.  
- Testing may be performed by the entities themselves but  could also be performed by an independent 
third party.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEXE ( 1)  
 
Exemptions from the GSO vehicles requirements  
 
Appendix 1  
Exemptions for Automated vehicles  
  
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 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with a 
driver s eat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving mode” 
and to be driven by the automated 
driving system (ADS) without any 
driver supervision in the “fully 
automated driving mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category is 
not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act . 
38 Part 
3A Motor Vehicles - Methods of 
Test for Impact Strength - Part 
3A: Side Impact  n/a  A 
n/a for vehicles below 30 km/h  X  The collision test will be carried out 
on the side or sides as agreed 
between the manufacturer and type 
approval authority.  
42  Motor Vehicles: General 
Requirements  See table below  See table below  See table below  See table below  
48 3.1 
and 
3.6 Motor Vehicles: Conformity 
Certificates   X  X  X   
51  Passenger Car Tyres - Part 1: 
Nomenclature, Designation, 
Dimensions, Load Capacities 
and Inflation Pressures  n/a A X  Vehicles which have limit top 
speed less than 130 Kph allow to 
use “Q” speed rated tires and 
meet the temperature rating of A 
or B.    
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 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with a 
driver s eat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving mode” 
and to be driven by the automated 
driving system (ADS) without any 
driver supervision in the “fully 
automated driving mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category is 
not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act . 
52 4.10
.2 Passenger Car Tyres - Part 2: 
General Requirements  n/a A X  Vehicles which have limit top 
speed less than 130 Kph allow to 
use “Q” speed rated tires and 
meet the temperature rating of A 
or B.   
53  Passenger Car Tyres - Part 3: 
Methods of Test  n/a A X  Vehicles which have limit top 
speed less than 130 Kph allow to 
use “Q” speed rated tires and 
meet the temperature rating of A 
or B.   
290   Instruction Manual for 
Appliances Instruments and 
Equipment   A A A Arabic -language owner’s manual is a 
voluntary requirement in this stage.   
422  Req. 
3 Requirements for rear -view 
and external mirrors  
 A A X (for manual driving mode)  
A (for fully automated driving 
mode)  Functionality shall be covered by 
the ADS  to maintain constant 
360 -degree visibility outside and  
Page 14 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with a 
driver s eat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving mode” 
and to be driven by the automated 
driving system (ADS) without any 
driver supervision in the “fully 
automated driving mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category is 
not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act . 
 around the vehicle through 
sensors, cameras, LiDARs, and 
radars.   
UAE.S 
5021   The UAE Terrestrial Radio 
Receiver Specifications for 
AM/FM/T -DAB+  n/a  n/a X (for manual driving mode)  
A (for fully automated driving 
mode)   
UAE.S 
5019   eCall Technical Requirements  n/a A X (for manual driving mode)  
A (for fully automated driving 
mode)  For fully automated driving mode, 
the ADS takes care of the 
functionality.   
Page 15 of 27 
  
Appendix 2  
Exemptions from GSO 42 General Requirements  
 
GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
42 
 13.7  The service brake shall be 
constructed as to be operated by the 
driver's right foot.  Not required to equip with a 
human -operated service brake 
pedal.  Not required to equip with a 
human -operated service brake 
pedal.  Need to equip with a human -
operated service brake pedal.   
 15.1  The steering system shall be such as 
to be easily and securely handled by 
the driver in his normal driving 
position.  Not required to equip with a 
human -operated steering 
system.  Not required to equip with a 
human -operated steering system.  Need to equip with a human -
operated steering system.   
 15.2  The steering wheel shall be on the 
left side.  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply   
 16.2  The controls shall be located to the 
left and right of the center of the Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply    
Page 16 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
steering wheel and so as to be easily 
identified and operated by the driver 
in a normal driving position.  
 16.3  The controls to be used by a driver 
while driving the vehicle shall be 
located so that they are operable by 
the driver restrained by the crash 
protection system…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply   
 16.4  The tell -tales and indicators, shall be 
located so that they are visible and 
recognizable to a driver during night 
and day when activated.  The vehicle shall display the 
warning messages and telltales 
to passengers on in -cabin display 
screens.  The vehicle shall display the 
warning messages and telltales to 
passengers on in -cabin display 
screens.  Need to comply   
 16.7  The location, identification, colour 
and illumination of the controls, 
telltales and indicators shall be in 
accordance with the relevant GSO The telltales shall be provided to 
passengers visible on display 
screens.  The telltales shall be provid ed to 
passengers visible on display 
screens.  Need to comply    
Page 17 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
regulation.  
 19.3  Multi -purpose passenger vehicles 
equipped with passenger car tyres, 
shall have tyres of "A" or "B" 
temperature rating and provided 
with speed symbol "S" (180km/h) 
and higher rating tyres.  It will be accepted Q rated tires 
and meet the Temperature rating 
of A or B if the maximum limit 
speed is less than 130Kph  It will be accepted Q rated tires 
and meet the Temperature rating 
of A or B if the maximum limit 
speed is less than 130Kph  Need to comply   
 19.7  The vehicles shall be provided with 
a spare tyre. The vehicles provided 
with a run flat tyre may be exempted 
from this requirement.  Not applicable, because any  risk 
of issues with the tires is 
significantly mitigated /reduced.  Not applicable, because any  risk 
of issues with the tires is 
significantly mitigated /reduced.  Need to comply   
 20.9  Driver's seat. The driver's seat on a 
motor vehicle in the left side…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply   
 21.8  When a belt assembly of the driver's Not applicable  For vehicles without driver seat, Need to comply    
Page 18 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
seat is not fastened and the ignition 
switch is in the "start" position, a 
warning system shall be activated 
for a period of four seconds at least.   any seat in the first seat row shall 
be considered to be a front 
passenger seat.  
 22.1  The  airbag shall be located in a 
suitable  position to assist in 
preventing the driver's head and 
chest from impacting the steering 
wheel or windshield.  Not applicable  For vehicles without driver seat, 
any seat in the first seat row shall 
be considered to be a front 
passenger seat.  Need to comply   
 22.3  Passenger  cars, Multipurpose 
passenger vehicles…with GVWR  less 
than 3500kg shall be provided with 
air bags to the driver and front 
passenger outboard seat.  Not applicable  For vehicles without driver seat, 
any seat in the first seat row shall 
be considered to be a front 
passenger seat.  Need to comply    
Page 19 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
 25.1 
and 
relate
d The vehicles  shall be provided with 
devices for indirect vision to observe 
the traffic area adjacent to the 
vehicle which cannot be observed 
by direct vision. These can be 
conventional mirrors, camera -
monitors or other devices able to 
present i nformation about the 
indirect field of vision to the driver.  A A Need to comply for manual driving 
mode  
A (for fully automated driving mode)  Functionality shall be covered by the 
ADS  to maintain constant 360 -degree 
visibility outside and around the vehicle 
through sensors, cameras, LiDARs, and 
radars.   
 30.14  All motor vehicles shall be provided 
with a minimum of one rear fog lamp.  Need to comply  Need to comply  Need to comply   
 31.5  The driver's door lock shall be 
locked from outside by the help of a 
key or by the help of a remote 
system for light duty vehicles.  the ADS system shall be 
automatically locked and 
secured when closed and in 
operation.   the ADS system shall be 
automatically locked and secured 
when closed and in operation.   Need to comply    
Page 20 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
 31.7  In passenger cars and multipurpose 
vehicles, when the locking 
mechanism of the doors are not 
engaged, a telltale indicator lamp 
shall function to indicate to the 
driver that one of the doors is not 
fully latched.  Not applicable  A Need to comply for manual driving 
mode  
A (for fully automated driving 
mode)  If the passenger doors are not 
properly latched and locked, ADS 
shall ensure that the vehicle can 
only move if doors are closed.  
 32 
and 
relate
d Every motor vehicle shall be 
equipped with a speedometer 
located in the driver's direct field of 
vision and is clearly legible by night 
and by day.  A A Need to comply for manual driving 
mode  
A (for fully automated driving 
mode)  The speed shall be electronically 
always transmitted to the ADS.   
 33 
and 
relate
d The odometer should be located in 
front of the driver's direct field of  
vision and to the clearly legible.  A A Need to comply for manual driving 
mode  
A (for fully automated driving 
mode)  The Odometer information shall 
be transmitted electronically to 
the ADS.    
Page 21 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
 34 
and 
relate
d The speed warning device shall alert 
the driver…  
The speed  limitation device shall be 
fitted to the vehicle…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)   
 35 and 
related  Every motor vehicle shall have a 
power -driven windshield wiping 
system…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)   
 39.1  …limit of the rearward displacement of 
the steering to reduce the likelihood of 
chest, neck, or head injuries.  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)   
 39.3.1 
and 
related  Static side Impact  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)    
Page 22 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
 44.1  Every motor vehicle shall be 
provided with suitable changing 
wheel tools…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)   
 44.2  It shall be provided with a dry  
powder fire extinguisher  The automated driving system 
must be able to deal safely in the 
event of a fire in the vehicle  The automated driving system 
must be able to deal safely in the 
event of a fire in the vehicle  Need  to comply for manual 
driving mode  
The automated driving system 
must be able to deal safely in the 
event of a fire in the vehicle  (for 
fully automated driving mode)   
 44.3  It shall be provided with emergency 
equipment  such as a reflector  
triangle and special tools…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)   
 44.4  Every motor vehicle shall be 
provided with a first  aid box…  Not applicable  Not applicable  Need to comply for manual 
driving mode    
Page 23 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
Not applicable (for fully 
automated driving mode)  
 44.5  Tyre pressure gauge  
 A A 
 Need to comply for manual 
driving mode  
A (for fully automated mode)  The vehicle shall equip ped  with a 
tire pressure monitoring system . 
The warning signal shall be sent 
to the ADS and the remote 
intervention operator (if 
applicable).  
 44.7  Any safety warning or statement 
provided with any vehicle parts shall 
be translated into Arabic  translating the labels, warning or 
statement to Arabic are 
voluntary in this stage    translating the labels, warning or 
statement to Arabic are voluntary 
in this stage    translating the labels, warning or 
statement to Arabic are voluntary 
in this stage     
 44.8  The information given in the 
navigation system shall as a minimum 
be available in Arabic or Arabic and 
English.  translating navigation system 
statement to Arabic are 
voluntary in this stage    translating the labels, warning or 
statement to Arabic are voluntary 
in this stage    translating navigation system 
statement to Arabic are voluntary 
in this stage      
Page 24 of 27 
 GSO  clause  Requirement  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2 and N3 without 
driver seat and without occupants  Fully automated vehicles of 
categories N1, N2, N3, M1, M2, M3 
without driver seat, with 
occupants  Dual mode vehicles: vehicles with 
a driver seat designed and 
constructed to be driven by the 
driver in the “manual driving 
mode” and to be driven by the 
automated driving system (ADS) 
without any driver supervision in 
the “fully automated driving  
mode”  Specific provisions to be applied if 
letter A is used (i.e. the approval is 
not possible under the regulatory 
act because it does not yet include 
specific requirements for fully 
automated vehicles) No provision 
shall apply if the vehicle category 
is not in the scope of the base 
regulatory act.  
 44.9  An All instructions indicated on the 
driver's monitor/display shall be 
available in Arabic and English  translating instructions indicated on 
the driver's monitor/display to 
Arabic are voluntary in this stage    translating instructions indicated 
on the driver's monitor/display to 
Arabic are voluntary in this stage    translating instructions indicated 
on th e driver's monitor/display to 
Arabic are voluntary in this stage     
 45.1  Arabic certification label  translating label to Arabic are 
voluntary in this stage    translating label to Arabic are 
voluntary in this stage    translating label to Arabic are 
voluntary in this stage     
 46 and 
related  Owner's manual in Arabic and 
English  translating Owner's manual to 
Arabic are voluntary in this stage    translating Owner's manual to 
Arabic are voluntary in this stage    translating Owner's manual to 
Arabic are voluntary in this stage     
 
 
 
 
Appendix 3   
Page 25 of 27 
 Mandatory Standards for Automated Driving Vehicles 
Page 26 of 27 
  
No.  Standard Number  Standard Title  
1 UN Regulation No. 155  Cyber security and cyber security management system  
2 UN Regulation No. 156  Software update and software update management system  
3 UN Regulation No. 158  Devices for means of rear visibility or detection  
(To be complied for dual mode vehicles driven in manual mode)  
4 UN Regulation No. 160  Event Data Recorder (EDR)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Page 27 of 27 
 Annex 2  
Reference d Standards  
 
▪ These documents and specifications are considered as references and guides  that can be used by 
manufacturers to demonstrate compliance with safety and performance requirements.  
▪ Manufacturers can use any methods that comply with international best practices  and worldwide 
references to verify the completion of these requirements.  
 
No.  Standard Number  Standard Title  
1 ISO/PAS 21448:2019  Road Vehicles – Safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF ) 
2 ISO 26262:2018  Road Vehicles – Functional safety  
3 ISO/SAE CD 21434  Road Vehicles – Cybersecurity engineering  
4 ISO 19157:2013  Geographic information – Data quality  
5 ISO/TS 19158:2012  Geographic information – Quality assurance of data supply  
6 ISO/TS 16949:2009  Quality   management   systems   –   Particular   requirements   for   the application of ISO 
9001:2008 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations  
7 ISO/IEC 2382 -1:1993  Information technology – Vocabulary – Part 1: Fundamental terms  
8 ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015  
Systems and software engineering – System life cycle processes  
9 IEC 61508 -1:2010  Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety -related systems - Part 
1: General requirements  
10 IEC 61508 -2:2010  Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety -related systems - Part 
2: Requirements for electrical /   electronic / programmable electronic safety -related systems  
11 IEC 61508 -3:2010  Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic   safety -related systems - 
Part 3: Software requirements  
12 IEC TS 61508 -3-1:2016      Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic  safety -related systems - 
Part 3 -1: Software requiremen ts - Reuse of pre -existing software elements to implement all or 
part of a safety function  
13 EC 61508 -4:2010  Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety -related systems - Part 
4: Definitions and abbreviations  
14 IEC 61508 -5:2010  Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic  safety -related systems - 
Part 5: Examples of methods for the determination  of safety integrity levels  
15 SAE J3016  Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Autom ation     Systems for On -Road 
Motor Vehicles . 
 