APPENDIX TABLESThailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 125
Table AI.1
Manufactured exports from Thailand byproduct category, 1989-94
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Total merchandise exports (US$ billion)a20.2 23.1 28.6 32.6 37.1 15.4
Percentage oftotal
Textiles andfootwear 24.7 23.8 24.1 21.7 19.3 18.7
Electrical apparatus, circuits, etc. 12.8 14.8 16.6 18.5 18.5 20.7
Machinery andmechanical appliances 8.7 10.3 10.4 11.1 12.1 12.8
Precious stones andjewelry 8.0 7.9 6.5 5.8 5.5 4.8
Basemetal products 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.7
Furniture andparts 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1
Plastic products 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 5.3 3.3
Canned food 7.9 7.1 7.0 6.1 5.3 5.0
Sugar andmolasses 5.6 4.3 2.9 3.2 1.7 2.0
Rubber products 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4
Vehicle parts andaccessories 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4 2.2 2.2
Optical appliances 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.2
Travel goods 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1
Clocks, watches andparts 0.7 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.1
Toys, games andsporting goods 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.0 1.7
Others 17.7 16.8 17.2 18.5 18.6 19.2
a Customs basis.
Source: Bank ofThailand.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 126
Table AI.2
Imports intoThailand byproduct category, 1989-94
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Total imports (US$ billion)a25.8 33.3 38.5 40.9 46.0 54.8
Percentage oftotal
Consumer goods 8.4 8.9 8.9 10.0 9.8 10.5
Capital goodsb36.5 39.4 40.6 40.8 42.7 44.9
Intermediate goods 35.4 32.9 33.0 31.8 29.9 28.5
Fuelandlubricants 9.0 9.2 8.9 8.0 7.4 6.7
Automotive andothersc10.7 9.6 8.6 9.4 10.2 9.5
a Customs basis.
b Includes commercial aircraft.
c Includes military imports andnon-monetary gold.
Source: Bank ofThailand.
Table AI.3
Thailand intra-industry trade withtheworld, 1985, 1990 and1993
NoofSITC linesIntra-industry trade (%)
1985 1990 1993
Allcategories 625 17.20 27.33 36.30
Textiles andclothing 64 20.54 21.78 25.88
Precious stones andprecious metals 11 34.06 68.53 68.99
Non-electrical machinery 36 24.35 37.49 48.85
Electrical machines andapparatus 16 58.78 57.03 64.46
Transport equipment 26 5.62 7.23 24.08
Footwear andtravel goods 3 5.69 6.23 7.19
Office andstationery supplies 2 28.68 90.81 93.68
Source: UNSTAT, Comtrade Database.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 127
Table AIII.1
Business activities andservices inThailand withrestrictions onforeign ownership ,May 1995
Annex A
Businesses where foreign nationals areprohibited tooperatea
Chapter 1 Agriculture Ricefarming
Saltfarming, including manufacture ofefflorescent saltbutexcluding rocksaltmining
Chapter 2 Commerce Internal trade concerning local agricultural products
Trade inrealproperty
Chapter 3 Services Accountancy
Attorneyship
Architecture
Advertisement
Brokerage oragency
Auction
Haircutting, hairdressing andbeauty treatment
Chapter 4 Other Building construction
Annex B
Businesses where foreign nationals arenotpermitted toengage asnewoperations, except astheyreceive promotional certificates from
theBoard ofInvestmenta
Chapter 1 Agriculture Farming
Gardening
Livestock farming, including cocoon raising
Forestry
Fisheries
Chapter 2 Industry andHandicrafts Ricemilling
Manufacture offlour from ricefieldcrops
Manufacture ofsugar
Manufacture ofbeverages, withorwithout alcoholic blending
Manufacture ofice
Manufacture ofdrugs
Cold storage
Wood proccessing
Manufacture ofcasting ofimages ofBuddha andmanufacture ofalmsbowls
Manufacture ofwood carvings
Manufacture oflacquerware
Manufacture ofalltypes ofmatches
Manufacture oflime, cement orcement by-products
Stone blasting orcrushing
Manufacture ofplywood, wood veneer, chipboard orhardboard
Manufacture ofgarments orshoes except forexport
Printing presses
Newspaper publication
Silkcombing, silkweaving orprinting ofpatterns onsilkmaterial
Manufacture ofproducts from silk,silkthreads orsilkcocoons
Chapter 3 Commerce Retailing ofallproducts except those specified inAnnex C
Saleofmining products except those specified inAnnex C
Saleofalltypes offoodandbeverages, except those specified inAnnex C
Saleofantiques, period antiques orworks ofart
Chapter 4 Services Tour agency
Hotel business except hotel management
Businesses under thelawonservice-providing establishments
Photograph, photographic developing andprinting
Laundry
Tailoring anddressmaking
Chapter 5 Other Internal transportation byland, water orair
Table AIII.1 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 128
Annex C
Businesses where foreign nationals mayoperate byapplying forpermission from theDepartment ofCommercial Registration. These
businesses relyoncapital andtechnology from abroad.a
Chapter 1 Commerce Wholesale sales ofalltypes ofproducts within thecountry, except those specified in
Annex A
Export ofalltypes ofproducts
Retail ofmachines, engines andtools
Saleoffoodandbeverages forthepromotion oftourism
Chapter 2 Industry andHandicrafts Manufacture ofanimal feeds
Extraction ofvegetable oil
Manufacture ofembroidering andknitting products, including weaving, dyeing and
pattern printing
Manufacture ofglass containers, including lightbulbs
Manufacture ofcrockery
Manufacture ofwriting andprinting paper
Rock saltmining
Mining
Chapter 3 Services Except forthose specified inAnnex AandAnnex B
Chapter 4 Other Other construction except those specified inAnnex A
a Foreign nationals arepermitted tooperate businesses inAnnexes A,BandCbyparticipating withThaipartners ina
proportion oflessthan50percentofregistered capital.
Source: TheAlien Business Lawof1972.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 129
Table AIV.1
Evolution since 1989 ofBoard ofInvestment (BOI) criteria forincentives
September 1987 January 1989aNovember 1990bApril 1993c
(A)Exemption/reduction ofimport dutyandbusiness taxonmachinery
Exemption forprojects in
Bangkok andSamut Prakarn
which export notlessthan
80percentoftotalsales or
arelocated inindustrial
estates orpromoted industrial
zones.
50percentreduction for
projects in4neighbouring
provinces (Nakorn Pathom,
Nonta Buri, Pathum Thani
andSamut Sakorn) which are
neither inindustrial estates
norexport-oriented.
Exemption forprojects inthe
remaining 67provinces.Zone 1
Exemption forexport-oriented
projects, allprojects in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones andprojects
which produce andsupply
rawmaterials orparts mainly
tomanufacturers ofengines,
machinery, andelectrical and
electronic products located in
thesame zone.
Zone 2
Exemption taxonmachinery
forprojects which export no
lessthan80percentor
manufacture engineering
products, orareagro-based,
orencourage theuseof
domestic agricultural
products, oruseagricultural
products astheirmain raw
materials, orusedomestic
supplies foratleast
60percentofthetotalvalue
ofrawmaterials, orproduce
andsupply rawmaterials or
parts mostly tomanufacturers
ofengines, machinery and
electrical andelectronic
products located inthesame
zone, orlocate factories in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones. 50percent
taxreduction incases ofall
other projects inZone 2.
Zone 3
Taxexemption onmachinery.Zone 1
Exemption ofbusiness tax
and50percentreduction of
import dutyonmachinery
which isnotincluded inthe
tariff reduction notification of
theMinistry ofFinance andis
subject totariff >10 percent.
Incentives provided onlyfor
export-oriented projects or
those inindustrial estates or
promoted industrial zones.
Zones 2and3
Business taxexemption and
50percentreduction of
import dutyonmachinery
which isnotincluded inthe
tariff reduction notification of
theMinistry ofFinance andis
subject totariff >10 percent.Noexemption ofbusiness
taxduetotheintroduction of
value-added taxinlieuof
business taxsince 1.1.93.
Zone 1
50percentreduction of
import duties onmachinery
ofwhich dutyrateisgreater
than10percentforprojects
which export nolessthan
80percentoftotalsales or
locate theirfactories in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones.
Zone 2
50percentreduction of
import duties onmachinery
ofwhich dutyrateis
>10 percent.
Zone 3
Exemption ofimport duties
onmachinery.
(B)Reduction ofimport dutyandbusiness taxonraworessential materials usedforproducing forthelocal market
General
Exemption ofimport duty
andbusiness taxonrawor
essential materials usedin
themanufacture ofexports
for1yearforprojects
exporting atleast30percent
ofproduction output.General
Exemption ofimport dutyand
business taxonrawor
essential materials usedinthe
manufacture ofexports for
oneyearforprojects
exporting atleast30percent
ofproduction output.Zones 1and2
Exemption ofimport dutyand
business taxonrawor
essential materials usedinthe
manufacture ofexports fora
period ofoneyear.Zones 1and2
Exemption ofimport dutyon
raworessential materials
usedinthemanufacture of
exports foraperiod of
oneyearforprojects
exporting atleast30percent
oftotalsales.
Table AIV.1 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 130
September 1987 January 1989aNovember 1990bApril 1993c
Target activities inthearea
covered bytheremaining
67provinces
50percentreduction for
1yearonmaterials usedfor
producing forthedomestic
market.
Exemption ofimport duty
andrawmaterials usedinthe
manufacture ofexports for
5years.Target activities inthearea
covered bytheremaining
67provinces
50percentreduction for
1yearonmaterials usedfor
producing forthedomestic
market.
Exemption ofimport dutyand
rawmaterials usedinthe
manufacture ofexports for
5years.Zone 3
Exemption ofimport dutyand
business taxonrawor
essential materials usedinthe
manufacture ofexports fora
period of5years.Zone 3
Exemption ofimport dutyon
raworessential materials
usedinthemanufacture of
exports foraperiod of
5years forprojects
exporting atleast30percent
oftotalsales.
75percentreduction of
import dutyonrawor
essential materials usedin
production forthedomestic
market for5years.
(C)Exemption ofcorporate income tax
Forprojects inBangkok and
Samut Prakarn, butnot
located inindustrial estates,
3-year exemption if2ofthe
following criteria aremet:
export notlessthan80per
centoftotalsales; saveor
earnatleastUS$1 million in
foreign exchange peryear;
employ atleast200persons
full-time.
Forprojects infour
neighbouring provinces and
inindustrial estates in
Bangkok andSamut Prakarn,
3yearexemption extendible
yearly toamaximum of
5years forprojects meeting
oneormore ofthefollowing
criteria: agro-based
activities orencourage the
useofdomestic agricultural
products; useagricultural
products asmain raw
materials; usedomestic
supplies foratleast60per
centofthetotalrawmaterial
value; saveorearnatleast
US$1 million inforeign
exchange peryear; employ
atleast200persons full-
time; projects arelocated in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones. (For
instance, aproject which met
onlyoneoftheabove-
mentioned criteria gota
4yearexemption).Zone 1
3-year exemption forprojects
inindustrial estates or
promoted industrial zones
provided theyexport atleast
80percentoftheiroutput, or
produce andsupply raw
materials orparts mainly for
manufacturers ofengines,
machinery, andelectrical and
electronic products located in
thesame zone.
Zone 2
Exemption for3years
extendible toamaximum of
5years ifoneormore ofthe
following criteria aremet:
saveorearnatleast
US$2 million inforeign
exchange peryear;
manufacture engineering
products; produce orsupply
rawmaterial orparts mainly
tomanufactures ofengines,
machinery, andelectrical and
electronic products located in
thesame zone; areagro-
based orencourage theuseof
domestic agricultural products
oruseagricultural products as
main rawmaterials, oruse
domestic supplies foratleast
60percentofrawmaterial
value; arelocated in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zone.Zone 1
3-year exemption forprojects
inindustrial estates or
promoted industrial zones and
export atleast80percentof
theiroutput.
Zone 2
3yearexemption forprojects
outside industrial estates or
promoted industrial zones,
and5years forprojects in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones.Zone 1
3-year exemption forprojects
inindustrial estates or
promoted industrial zones
andexport atleast80per
centoftotalsales.
Zone 2
3yearexemption forprojects
outside industrial estates or
promoted industrial zones,
and7years forprojects in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones.
Table AIV.1 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 131
September 1987 January 1989aNovember 1990bApril 1993c
Forprojects intheremaining
67provinces, exemption for
4years, extendible yearly up
toamaximum of8years for
target activities, and7years
forother activities. The
criteria forextension arethe
same asforthefour
neighbouring provinces.Zone 3
Exemption for5years for
target activities and4years
forother activities, extendible
toamaximum of8years if
oneormore ofthefollowing
criteria aremet: saveorearn
atleastUS$1 million in
foreign exchange peryear,
areagro-based orencourage
theuseofdomestic
agricultural products asthe
main rawmaterials, oruse
domestic supplies foratleast
50percentofrawmaterial
value; employ atleast200
full-time workers; arelocated
inindustrial estates or
promoted industrial zone; or
areconsidered bytheBoard
tobeofspecial importance.Zone 3
6yearexemption forprojects
outside industrial estates or
promoted industrial zones,
and8years forprojects in
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones.Zone 3
8yearcorporate income tax
exemption.
(D)Special privileges forprojects intheInvestment Promotion Zone
TheInvestment Promotion
Zone comprised allprovinces
other thanBangkok, Samut
Prakarn and4neighbouring
provinces. Thefollowing
additional incentives were
granted:
90percentreduction of
business taxonsales for
5years from thetimeincome
isfirstearned.
50percentreduction of
corporate income taxfor
5years aftertheexemption
period.
Privileges granted onacase-
by-case basis:
Double deduction ofwater,
electricity andtransportation
costs from taxable income
for10years from thedateof
firstsales.
Deduction of25percentof
theinstallation and
construction costs of
infrastructure facilities from
thecalculation ofnetprofit.Zone 3wasdesignated asthe
Investment Promotion Zone.
Thefollowing additional
incentives were granted:
90percentreduction of
business taxonsales for
5years from thetimeincome
isfirstearned.
50percentreduction of
corporate income taxfor
5years aftertheexemption
period.
Privileges granted onacase-
by-case basis:
Double deduction ofwater,
electricity andtransportation
costs from taxable income for
10years from thedateoffirst
sales.
Deduction of25percentof
theinstallation and
construction costs of
infrastructure facilities from
thecalculation ofnetprofit.Zone 3wasdesignated asthe
Investment Promotion Zone.
Thefollowing additional
incentives were granted:
90percentreduction of
business taxonsales for
5years from thetimeincome
isfirstearned.
50percentreduction of
corporate income taxfor
5years aftertheexemption
period.
Privileges granted onacase-
by-case basis:
Double deduction ofwater,
electricity andtransportation
costs from taxable income for
10years from thedateoffirst
sales.
Deduction of25percentof
theinstallation and
construction costs of
infrastructure facilities from
thecalculation ofnetprofit.Zone 3wasdesignated asthe
Investment Promotion Zone.
Thefollowing additional
incentives aregranted:
50percentreduction of
corporate income taxfor
5years aftertheexemption
period.
Double deduction ofwater,
electricity andtransportation
costs from taxable income
for10years from thedateof
firstsales.
Deduction of25percentof
theinstallation and
construction costs of
infrastructure facilities from
thecalculation ofnetprofit.
Table AIV.1 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 132
September 1987 January 1989aNovember 1990bApril 1993c
(E)Incentives forfactory relocation
None None None Incentives aregranted to
existing projects which
relocate from Zone 1to2or
3,orfrom Zone 2to3.
Forprojects relocating to
Zone 2
Corporate income tax
exemption for3years,
extendible to7years if
projects arerelocated to
industrial estates orpromoted
industrial zones.
Forprojects relocating to
Zone 3
8yearcorporate income tax
exemption.
50percentreduction of
corporate income taxfora
period of5years afterthe
exemption period.
Double deduction from
taxable income ofwater,
electricity andtransportation
costs foraperiod of
10years.
Deduction from netprofit of
25percentofthecosts of
installation orconstruction of
infrastructure facilities.
(F)Incentives forresearch anddevelopment activities
None None None Additional 3years of
corporate income tax
exemption willbegranted to
promoted projects which
invest inresearch and
development activities.
These projects canalso
import machinery and
equipment forresearch and
development activities with
taxreduction orexemption
foraperiod of8years
starting from thearrival date
ofthefirstshipment.
Table AIV.1 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 133
September 1987 January 1989aNovember 1990bApril 1993c
(G)Special additional taxanddutyreductions forexport-oriented projectsd
Forpromoted projects
exporting atleast30percent
oftotaloutput, exemption of
import dutyandbusiness tax
foroneyearforthe
proportion ofimported raw
andessential materials used
inproduction forexport.
Theexemption period could
beextended onacase-by-
casebasis.Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987.
Fortarget activities inthe
remaining 67provinces,
import dutyandbusiness tax
exemption onimported raw
materials andessential
materials for5years forthe
manufacture ofexports.Fortarget activities inZone 3
same incentives asin1987.Foractivities inZone 3same
incentives asin1987.Foractivities inZone 3same
incentives asin1987.
Exemption ofimport duty
andbusiness taxmaybe
granted forimported goods
which arere-exported.Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987.
Exemption ofexport duty
andbusiness taxonexports
maybegranted.Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987.
TheBoard would consider
approving thededuction
from taxable income of5per
centofincrement inexport
earnings overthepreceding
year.Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987. Same incentives asin1987.
a Zone 1comprised Bangkok, Samut Prakarn, Samut Sakorn, Nakorn Pathom, Nonta BuriandPathum Thani. Zone 2
covered Samut Songkhram, Ratchburi, Suphan Buri, AngThong, Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok, Chachoengsao,
Chon BuriandMapTaPhutIndustrial Estate. Zone 3included theother 57provinces.
b Forthecriteria announced inNovember 1990, thecoverage indifferent zones wasslightly modified. MapTaPhut
Industrial Estate andLaem Chabang Industrial Estate were included inZone 3.
c Forthecriteria announced inApril 1993, thezonecoverage isthesame asthatof1990.
d Inthiscontext, aproject manufacturing forexports isdefined asexporting atleast30percentoftotalproduction.
Source: Board ofInvestment, Government ofThailand.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 134
Table AIV.2
Thailand 's1995 AFTA exclusion list
Item No. Tariff No.Base rate
(percent)Item No. Tariff No.Base rate
(percent)
15.07 Soybean oilanditsfractions, whether ornotrefined, butnotchemically modified
1 1507.10.000 1.32B/L 3 1507.90.021 1.25B/L
2 1507.90.010 1.32B/L 4 1507.90.029 2.50B/L
15.11 Palm oilanditsfractions, whether ornotrefined, butnotchemically modified
5 1511.10.000 0.99B/L 7 1511.90.019 0.99B/L
6 1511.90.011 0.99B/L 8 1511.90.020 1.32B/L
15.13 Coconut (copra), palm kernel orbabassu oilandtheir fractions, whether ornot
refined, butnotchemically modified
9 1513.11.000 0.99B/L 13 1513.21.001 1.00B/L
10 1513.19.011 0.99B/L 14 1513.21.009 2.50B/L
11 1513.19.019 1.32B/L 15 1513.29.001 1.00B/L
12 1513.19.020 2.50B/L 16 1513.29.009 2.50B/L
22.03 Beer made from malt
17 2203.00.000 60.00
22.08 Spirits, liqueurs, etc
18 2208.20.010 60.00 19 2208.30.000 60.00
24.01 Unmanufactured tobacco
20 2401.10.009 60.00 22 2401.20.009 60.00
21 2401.20.004 45.00
24.02 Cigars, cheroots andcigarillos
23 2402.90.010 22.50 24 2402.90.090 60.00
24.03 Other manufactured tobacco
25 2403.91.000 60.00 27 2403.99.009 60.00
26 2403.99.001 60.00
74.11 Copper tubes andpipes
28 7411.10.000 17.00 30 7606.91.091 26.25
29 7606.12.001 26.25
85.04 Electrical transformers, static convertors, andinductors
31 8504.31.000 35.00 32 8504.32.001 35.00
85.18 Microphones, loudspeakers, headphones, etc.
33 8518.21.000 40.00 35 8518.29.000 40.00
34 8518.22.000 40.00 36 8518.50.000 40.00
85.27 Radio-broadcast receivers, etc
37 8527.11.000 30.00 42 8527.32.000 30.00
38 8527.19.000 30.00 43 8527.39.000 30.00
39 8527.21.000 30.00 44 8527.90.010 2.50
40 8527.29.000 30.00 45 8527.90.090 30.00
41 8527.31.000 30.00
85.28 Television receivers (including video monitors andvideo projectors)
46 8528.10.000 40.00 47 8528.20.000 40.00
Table AIV.2 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 135
Item No. Tariff No.Base rate
(percent)Item No. Tariff No.Base rate
(percent)
85.39 Electric filament ordischarge lamps
48 8539.31.000 40.00 52 8539.39.202 40.00
49 8539.39.101 40.00 53 8539.39.301 40.00
50 8539.39.102 40.00 54 8539.39.302 40.00
51 8539.39.201 40.00
87.01
55 8701.10.011 30.00 59 8701.90.011 22.50
56 8701.10.092 5.00 60 8701.90.019 30.00
57 8701.30.001 3.75 61 8701.90.091 3.75
58 8701.30.009 5.00 62 8701.90.099 5.00
87.02 Public-transport typepassenger motor vehicles
63 8702.10.111 10.00 68 8702.90.111 10.00
64 8702.10.119 20.00 69 8702.90.119 20.00
65 8702.10.190 40.00 70 8702.90.190 40.00
66 8702.10.911 10.00 71 8702.90.911 10.00
67 8702.10.913 20.00 72 8702.90.913 20.00
87.03 Motor carsandother motor vehicles principally designed forpassenger transport
73 8703.10.011 10.00 112 8703.32.221 31.50
74 8703.10.019 20.00 113 8703.32.229 29.40
75 8703.10.090 42.00 114 8703.32.291 51.40
76 8703.21.011 10.00 115 8703.32.299 48.00
77 8703.21.019 20.00 116 8703.32.911 10.00
78 8703.21.090 29.40 117 8703.32.919 20.00
79 8703.22.211 10.00 118 8703.32.920 29.40
80 8703.22.219 20.00 119 8703.32.990 48.00
81 8703.22.291 31.50 120 8703.33.221 10.00
82 8703.22.299 29.40 121 8703.33.219 20.00
83 8703.22.911 10.00 122 8703.33.291 51.40
84 8703.22.919 20.00 123 8703.33.299 48.00
85 8703.22.990 29.40 124 8703.33.911 10.00
86 8703.23.211 10.00 125 8703.33.919 20.00
87 8703.23.219 20.00 126 8703.33.990 48.00
88 8703.23.221 31.50 127 8703.90.011 10.00
89 8703.23.229 29.40 128 8703.90.019 20.00
90 8703.23.291 51.40 129 8703.90.021 31.50
91 8703.23.299 48.00 130 8703.90.029 29.40
92 8703.23.911 10.00 131 8703.90.091 51.40
93 8703.23.919 20.00 132 8703.90.099 48.00
94 8703.23.920 29.40 133 8703.21.111 10.00
95 8703.23.990 48.00 134 8704.21.112 10.00
96 8703.24.211 10.00 135 8704.21.119 20.00
97 8703.24.219 20.00 136 8704.21.190 60.00
98 8703.24.291 51.40 137 8704.22.910 40.00
99 8703.24.299 48.00 138 8704.22.010 40.00
100 8703.24.911 10.00 139 8704.23.010 40.00
101 8703.24.919 20.00 140 8704.31.111 10.00
102 8703.24.990 48.00 141 8704.31.112 10.00
103 8703.31.211 10.00 142 8704.31.119 20.00
104 8703.31.219 20.00 143 8704.31.190 60.00
105 8703.31.291 31.50 144 8704.31.910 40.00
106 8703.31.299 48.00 145 8704.32.010 40.00
107 8703.31.911 10.00 146 8704.90.111 10.00
108 8703.31.919 20.00 147 8704.90.112 10.00
109 8703.31.990 29.40 148 8704.90.119 20.00
110 8703.32.211 10.00 149 8704.90.190 60.00
111 8703.32.219 20.00
Table AIV.2 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 136
Item No. Tariff No.Base rate
(percent)Item No. Tariff No.Base rate
(percent)
87.06 Chassis fitted withengines, forthemotor vehicles ofheading nos.87.01 to87.05
151 8706.00.011 5.00 156 8706.00.022 10.00
152 8706.00.012 5.00 157 8706.00.023 10.00
153 8706.00.013 5.00 158 8706.00.024 10.00
154 8706.00.019 7.50 159 8706.00.029 15.00
155 8706.00.021 10.00
87.07 Bodies (including cabs), forthemotor vehicles ofheading nos.87.01 to87.05
160
1618707.10.001
8707.10.00140.00
80.00162 8707.90.000 80.00
87.08 Parts andaccessories ofthemotor vehicles ofheading nos.87.01 to87.05
163 8708.10.020 30.00 171 8708.70.020 30.00
164 8708.21.010 30.00 172 8708.80.010 30.00
165 8708.29.010 30.00 173 8708.91.010 30.00
166 8708.31.010 30.00 174 8708.92.010 30.00
167 8708.39.010 30.00 175 8708.93.010 30.00
168 8708.40.010 30.00 176 8708.94.010 30.00
169 8708.50.010 30.00 177 8708.99.010 30.00
170 8708.60.010 30.00
87.11 Motorcycles (including mopeds) andcycles fitted withanauxiliary motor
178 8711.10.009 72.00 181 8711.40.009 72.00
179 8711.20.009 72.00 182 8711.50.009 72.00
180 8711.30.009 72.00 183 8711.90.009 72.00
Source: Dataprovided bytheauthorities.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 137
Table AIV.3
Tariff preferences accorded toThai imports from Laos
(Percent)
Tariff No. Description Tariff rate Tariff No. Description Tariff rate
0502 Pighair,etc. 20 1207 Cotton seeds 20
0503 Horse hair,etc. 20 1207 Caster oilandsesamum seeds 20
0505 Feathers, etc. 20 1402 Kapok 20
0506 Bones andhorn-cores, etc. 20 4409 Shaped wood 20
0507 ex. Horns 20 4412 Plywood 30
0712 ex. Garlic 20 4418 Builders 'joinery &carpentry etc. 20
0801 Coconuts, brazil nuts&cashew nuts 20 5302 Hemp 20
0901 Coffee 20 5303 Jute 20
0908 Nutmeg, mace andcardamoms 20 5304 Sisal 20
1201 Soybeans 20 9403 Office furniture 20
Source: Dataprovided bytheauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 138
Table AIV.4
Excise taxes imposed inThailand, 1995
(PercentandBahtperdesignated unit)
ItemRatea
ItemRatea
Advalorem Specific Advalorem Specific
Distilled spirits Petroleum anditsproducts
Whiskey 24 B100/litrebGasoline withleadacid:
Brandy 20 B100/litreb-over0.15gr. perlitre 36 B3.35/litre
Absolute alcohol 10 B6/litreb-notover0.15gr. perlitre 32 B3.05/litre
Other spirits 28 B100/litrebUnleaded gasoline 25 B2.35/litre
Fermented spirits Kerosene 23 B3/litre
Beer 48 B100/litrebFuelforlocal jetaircraft 1 B0.2/litre
Wine &other fermented
liquors20 B100/litrebDiesel withsulphuric acid
Non-alcoholic beverages -over0.5% 28 B2.1/litre
Soda water 25 B0.77/440cc -notover0.5% 26 B2/litre
Softdrinks 18 B0.37/440cc Liquefied petroleum gas 23 B2.17/litre
Juices 18 B0.37/440cccNatural gasliquid 36 B3.15/litre
Tobacco Stove oil 17 -
Shredded tobacco 0.1 B0.01/10gr. Motor vehicles
Cigarettes 62 - Passenger cars, withengine
Cigars 0.1 B0.12/gr. -notover2400cc 32.5 -
Other rolled tobacco 0.1 B0.02/5gr. -2401-3000cc, <220 HP 38 -
Blended shredded tobacco 0.1 B0.09/gr. -over3000cc, >220 HP 45 -
Chewing tobacco 0.1 B0.09/gr. Off-road passenger vehicle 27 -
Perfume 12 - Public transport car,withengine
Services -notover2400cc 32.5 -
-horse racing 13 - -over2400cc 38 -
Playing cards Electrical appliances
Licence feeforselling cards Airconditioning systems 14 -
-wholesale - B100peryear Chandeliers 2 -
-retail - B20peryear
Feeforalicence substitute Yachts 5 -
-wholesale - B50percopy Lead crystal 2 -
-retail - B10percopy
Stamp feeforcards ofall
sizes- B30per
100cards
a Incases where bothanadvalorem andaspecific ratearegiven, thehigher ofthetwoisapplied.
b Perlitreofpurealcohol.
c Excise taxexemptions aregranted ifjuice content isinaccordance withspecified requirements.
Source: Dataprovided bytheauthorities.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 139
Table AIV.5
Products subject toimport licensing inThailand, August 1995
CommodityRationale, according tothe
authoritiesMeasures andconditions Remarks
Agricultural products:
Yellow fintuna Forenvironmental conservation and
dolphin preservation.AL. Importer must show animport
certificate.
Wood andsawn wood
(from Myanmar)Tomaintain agood relationship with
aneighbouring nation.AL. Theoriginal certificate must be
shown forimport.
Coffee beansbToprotect domestic production as
requested bytheMinistry ofInterior
andtheCabinet decision of
January 1962.NAL. Tariff quota. Import
certificate isrequired. Allocation of
quotas ismade onlytothePublic
Warehouse Organization.
Instant coffeeaTocomply withtheInternational
Coffee Agreement.AL. Tariff quota. Under review
SugaraToprotect domestic industry. NAL. Tariff quota. Under review
PepperaToprotect local production. NAL. Tariff quota. Under review
Garlic, fresh ordriedaTosecure price stability oflocal
garlic production.NAL. Tariff quota. Under review
OnionsaTosecure price stability oflocal
products. Topromote thegrowth of
domestic production.NAL. Tariff quota. Under review
Onion seedsbToregulate demand andsupply in
themarket.Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations aremade tothe
Onion Growers 'Cooperation
Federation.
PotatoesbTostabilize theproduct price inthe
local market.Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations aremade only
forthePublic Warehouse
Organization.
Dried longansbTostabilize theproduct price and
farmers 'income.Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations aremade tothe
highest bidders.
Fishmeal withprotein
content lessthan60%Tohelplocal fishermen selltheir
products atareasonable price.NAL. Importation isnotgenerally
allowed.Under review
Coconut, shelled or
unshelledbToprotect local production. Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations ofquotas are
made tojuristic persons based on
historical performance.
Coconut, desiccatedbToprotect local production. Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations ofquotas are
made tojuristic persons based on
historical performance.
Coconut oilaToprotect local production and
stabilize farmers 'income.Tariff quota. Under review
SoybeansbToprotect local production and
secure theproduct price.Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations ofquotas are
made tojuristic persons based on
historical performance.
Soybean oilaToprotect local production. Tariff quota. Under review
Palm oilaTopromote palm planting inthe
southern partofthecountry.Tariff quota. Under review
CopraaToprotect local production. NAL. Importation isnotgenerally
allowed.
RicebToprotect local production. Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocation made tojuristic
persons based onprorata.Under review
Table AIV.5 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 140
CommodityRationale, according tothe
authoritiesMeasures andconditions Remarks
MaizebToprotect local production. Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required.
Tea,dustandleavesaToprotect domestic industry. Tariff quota. Under review
Skimmed milkpowderbTopromote anddevelop product
quality.Tariff quota. Import certificate is
required. Allocations ofquotas are
made tojuristic persons with
historical performance (1992-94), the
Dairy Farming Promotion
Organization ofThailand, the
Ministry ofAgriculture and
Cooperatives andmanufacturers of
condensed milk.
Fresh milkandbeverages
withmilkaTopromote anddevelop local
industry.Tariff quota. Under review
Gunny bag(alltypes) woven
ofjuteorkenafToprotect local industry. NAL. Importation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Juteandkenaf Tosecure farmers 'income. NAL. Imports permitted foruseas
rawmaterial inmanufacturing.
Non-agricultural products:
Marble, travertine, ecaussine
andother calcarlous
monumental, building stone
andalabasterInfant industry protection. Prohibition Under review
Worked monumental or
building stone, andarticles
thereofInfant industry protection. Prohibition Under review
Liquified petroleum gas
(LPG)Infant industry protection. Prohibition except ontheapproval of
theDepartment ofTrade Registration.Under review
6-wheeled buses, seating
over30Infant industry protection. Prohibition except fordefined
conditions.Under review
Motorcycles Infant industry protection. Prohibition except fordefined
conditions.Under review
RawsilkaInfant industry protection. Tariff quota
Silkyarn Infant industry protection. Local content
Unfinished garments ... ...
Vinyl chloride monomer
(1)inform ofgasorunder
pressure.
(2)mixed orcombined with
aerosol orairspray
containers (insecticides,
hairspray andair
fresheners).Forpublic health.
(1)Banonimports except for
limited quantities onlyforraw
material purpose.
(2)Prohibition
Ceramic foodcontainers
(coated withleadof
solubility >2ml/litre)Forpublic health Prohibition
Used motor vehicles Forpublic health Prohibition
Used 6-wheeled buses, over
30seatsForpublic health Prohibition
Used motorcycles Forpublic health Prohibition
Table AIV.5 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 141
CommodityRationale, according tothe
authoritiesMeasures andconditions Remarks
Used engines, parts and
accessories ofmotorcycle
displacement notover50cc.
andwheels withdiameters
notover10inchesForpublic health Prohibition
Used diesel engines with
displacement of331-1100 cc.Forpublic health Prohibition
Clenbuterol compounds orin
chemical name: 1-(4-
Amino-3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -
2-tert-butylaminoethanolForpublic health Prohibition except ontheapproval of
theFood andDrug Administration.
Electrical andmechanical
operated gamesForpublic morals Prohibition
Gold Fornational financial security Prohibition, except fordefined
conditions approved bytheMinistry
ofFinance.
Coins withsizeandweight
similar toofficial coinsToprevent counterfeiting ofofficial
coins.Prohibition except limited quantities
imported bytheMinistry ofFinance.
Intaglio printing machines
andcolour copier machinesToprevent banknote counterfeiting. AL
Benzine andother similar
fuelforenginesFornational economic security Prohibition except ontheapproval of
theDepartment ofTrade Registration.
Kerosene Fornational economic security Prohibition except ontheapproval of
theDepartment ofTrade Registration.
High-speed diesel oil Fornational economic security Prohibition except ontheapproval of
theDepartment ofTrade Registration.
Chainsaws andaccessories Conversion ofexhaustible national
resourcesProhibition, except fordefined
conditions.
Antique idols andparts
thereof, ancient monuments
from ororiginated inother
countriesToprevent thedestruction of
treasures ofartistic, historic and
archeological value toother
countries.Prohibition, except fordefined
conditions.
Hydrogen peroxide from
IndiaAnti-dumping Anti-dumping duty
Machinery andparts thereof
which canbeusedtoviolate
copyrights ofcassette tapes,
video tapes, andcompact
disksToprotect patents andcopyrights. Banonimports
Goods bydeceptive practice Toprevent trademarks andprevent
deceptive practice.Banonimports
Copyright-infringing cassette
tapes, audio, compact disks,
video tapes, computer
programmes andbooksToprotect patents andcopyrights. Banonimports
Allproducts from or
originating inYugoslavia
(Serbia andMontenegro)Conformity toUNresolution. Prohibition
Total: 53items
... Notavailable.
a Scheduled forconversion totariff ratequotas (TRQs) in1995.
b Already converted toTRQ.
Note: AL =Automatic licensing.
NAL =Non-automatic licensing
Source: Information provided bytheauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 142
Table AIV.6
State-trading enterprises inThailand, 1995
Organization
(affliated Ministry inparenthesis)aDate
est'd.No.of
employeesFunction andprivileges
Battery Organization (MoD) 1955 405 Production anddistribution ofbatteries. 10percentprice
advantage forgovernment sales.
Cold Storage Organization (MoA) 1958 352 Storage ofaquatic animals andagricultural products, and
production anddistribution ofice.
Dairy Farming Promotion Organization of
Thailand (MoA)1971 560 Promotion ofdairy farming including sales ofdomestic
output formeeting domestic content requirements.
FishMarketing Organization (MoA) 1953 399 Fishmarketing facilities.
Forest Industry Organization (MoA) 1956 2,907 Plantation management, reforestation, logging, sawmilling
andforest industries. Privileged access tothegovernment
market.
Glass Organization (MoD) 1955 1,470 Production ofglass andglass by-products.
Government Pharmaceutical Organization
(MoPH)1966 2,036 Procurement ofdrugs, anddrugmanufacture. Source for
government procurement.
Liquor Distillery Organization (MoF) 1963 658 Production andsupply ofalcohol (sole domestic producer),
andproduction ofliquor. Exclusive production rights for
95percentethyl alcohol.
Marketing Organization (MoI) 1953 44 Runs produce market inBangkok.
Marketing Organization forFarmers (MoA) 1974 528 Marketing ofagricultural products andsupply ofservices
Petroleum Authority ofThailand 1978 ... Oilandgasproduction anddistribution. Source for
government purchases, butprivileges tobelostupon
privatization.
Playing Cards Factory (MoF) 1938 175 Monopoly supply andproduction ofplaying cards.
Exclusive import rights (tobelostupon privatization).
Public Warehouse Organization (MoCM) 1955 420 Purchase anddistribution ofagricultural products.
Exclusive import rights forpotatoes andtea.
Lampoon Provincial Company Limited 1955 ... Provincial wholesale andretail trading companies.
Prajinburi Provincial Company Limited 1955 ... Provincial wholesale andretail trading companies.
Surin Provincial Company Limited 1955 ... Provincial wholesale andretail trading companies.
Rubber Estate Organization (MoA) 1961 1,915 Production, purchase anddistribution ofrubber andrubber
by-products.
Sugar Factory, Department ofIndustrial
Work (MoID)1965 1,351 Production anddistribution ofsugar andby-products of
sugar.
Tanning Organization (MoD) 1955 835 Engaged intanning activities onbehalf oftheGovernment.
10percentprice advantages forgovernment sales.
ThaiPlywood Company Limited (MoA) 1952 1,477 Production ofplywood, import andexport ofwoods, and
forest planting andconservation.
ThaiTextile Organization (MoD) 1955 1,875 Production anddistribution oftextiles. 10percentprice
advantage forgovernment sales.
Thailand Tobacco Monopoly (MoF) 1953 7,163 Supply andproduction ofcigarettes (domestic monopoly).
a MoA =Ministry ofAgriculture andCo-operatives MoCM =Ministry ofCommerce
MoD =Ministry ofDefence MoPH =Ministry ofPublic Health
MoF =Ministry ofFinance MoID =Ministry ofIndustry
MoI=Ministry oftheInterior
... Notavailable.
Source: Information provided bytheGovernment ofThailand; andGATT (1991).Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 143
Table AIV.7
"Specific controlled" foodproducts inThailand administered bytheMinistry ofPublic Health, 1995
Type offood Notification No.(year) Remarks
1.Food colouring 21(1979) and66(1982) Organic colours:- Red: Ponceau 4R,Carmoisine or
Azourbine, Erythrosine; Yellow: Tartrazine, Sunset
Yellow FCF, Riboflavin; Green: FastGreen FCF;
Blue: Indigo Carmine orIndigotine, Brilliant Blue
FCF
Inorganic colours:- Vegetable charcoal, Titanium
dioxide
Natural foodcolours:- e.g.Cochineal, Carotenoids,
Chlorophylls, Copper complex
2.Fatsandoils 22(1979) and134(1991)
3.Peanut oil 23(1979)
4.Milk 26(1979)
5.Butter 30(1979)
6.Cheese 31(1979)
7.Ghee 32(1979) and53(1980)
8.Icecream 33(1979) and101(1986)
9.Flavoured milk 35(1979) and109(1987)
10.Other milkproducts 36(1979)
11.Food enhancers 38(1979)
12.Semi-processed foods 39(1979) and88(1985)
13.Sauces 42(1979) Chilli sauce, tomato sauce, papaya sauce, etc.
14.Butter oil 45(1980)
15.Cultured milk 46(1980) and99(1986)
16.Vinegar 48(1980)
17.Cream 49(1980)
18.Palm oil 56(1981)
19.Coconut oil 57(1981)
20.Tea 58(1984)
21.Drinking water insealed containers 61(1982) and135(1991)
22.Beverages insealed containers 62(1982) Only non-alcoholic beverages
23.Soybean milkinsealed containers 70(1982)
24.Coffee 77(1984) &132(1990)
25.Ice 78(1984) &137(1991)
26.Food additives 84(1984)
27.Modified milkforinfants andyoung
children156(1994)
28.Modified food(other thanmilk) for
infants andyoung children157(1994)
29.Supplementary foodforinfants and
young children158(1994)
30.Jam, jellyandmarmalade insealed
containers89(1985)
31.Mineral drinks 108(1987)
32.Fishsauces 118(1989)
33.Food forweight control 121(1989)
34.Margarine 129(1990)
35.Royal jelly&royal jellyproducts 133(1990)
36.Honey 139(1991)
37.Food insealed containers 144(1992)
38.Mineral water 146(1992)
39.Sodium cyclamate andfoodcontaining
cyclamates113(1988)
Source: Ministry ofPublic Health, Government ofThailand.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 144
Table AIV.8
Products subject toexport licensing inThailand, May 1995
Commodity Reasoning Measures andconditions Remarks
Agricultural products:
Longans, fresh Toregulate theexport system. AL. TheDept. ofCustoms,
empowered bytheMinistry of
Commerce, shallrelease goods subject
tospecific conditions.
Durians Toregulate theexport system. AL. Exported products must havea
label showing thename ofthe
exporter, thekindofdurian andthe
expiry date. TheDept. ofCustoms,
empowered bytheMinistry of
Commerce, shallrelease goods subject
tospecific conditions.
Canned tuna Toregulate theexport system. AL. Exporters must bemembers of
theThaiFood Processors Association.
Canned pineapple and
concentrated pineapple juiceToregulate theexport system. AL. Exporters must bemembers of
theThaiFood Processors Association.
Shrimps, prawns, lobsters,
cuttle fish,ageso squids,
octopus fresh, chilled or
frozen (forexport tothe
European Union and
United States.)According tobilateral agreements. AL. Exported products must have
health certificates according to
requirements oftheimporting nation.
Exporters must bemembers ofthe
ThaiFood Processors Association.
Coffee beans andextracts,
essences andconcentrates of
coffee.Tocomply withtheInternational
Coffee Agreement.AL
Sugar Tostabilize thedomestic sugar
market andcomply withthe
International Sugar Organization
agreement.AL Previous quota
andmonopoly
export
arrangements
were cancelled
in1994.
Tapioca products Tohonour bilateral agreements. Quota (EU)
AL(non-EU)Exportation
allowed under
specified
conditions.
Wood andarticles ofwood Toprevent domestic shortages. NAL. Exportation ispermitted under
special conditions.
Rattan Toreserve fordomestic use. NAL. Exportation ispermitted under
special conditions.
Wood charcoal Toprevent domestic shortages of
charcoal forhousehold use.NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
JuteandKenaf seeds Topreserve fordomestic culture. NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Soybean cake Toensure sufficient supplies foruse
asarawmaterial inthelivestock
industry.NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Elephants, horses, mules
anddonkeysAnimal conservation Elephants
NAL. Exportation ispermitted under
special conditions.
Horses, mules anddonkeys
NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Livebovine animals Toensure sufficient domestic
consumption.NAL. Exportation ispermitted under
special conditions.
Table AIV.8 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 145
Commodity Reasoning Measures andconditions Remarks
Treeshrews Conservation ofrareanimal species. NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Wild animals (277kinds) Animal conservation NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Wild animal carcasses
(292kinds)Animal conservation NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
Coral
Geoemyda spinosa
Black tigershrimp (live)Conservation ofseacoast anddeep-
seaenvironments.
Animal conservation
Topreserve theoriginal species.NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
NAL. Exportation isnotgenerally
allowed.
NAL. Exportation canbedone only
withpermission from theAuthorities.
Pearls Topromote domestic pearl
cultivation.NAL. Exportation canbedone only
withpermission from theAuthorities.
Ornamental fish(400kinds) Animal conservation NAL. Exportation canbedone only
withpermission from theAuthorities.
Rareseaanimals
(258kinds)Animal conservation NAL. Exportation canbedone only
withpermission from theAuthorities.
Non-agricultural products :
Coal, alltypes except
briquette from Hongai
Anthracite Coal.Toprevent domestic shortages. Prohibition except under conditions
approved bytheNational Energy
Administration.
Fertilizers (excluding
chemical fertilizers).Toprevent domestic shortages. Prohibition except under conditions
approved bytheDepartment of
Agriculture.
Gold Fornational financial security. Prohibition except under conditions
approved bytheMinistry ofFinance.
Sacred andBuddha images
andparts thereof.Toprotect national treasures of
artistic, historic andarchaeological
value.Prohibition except fornewreplica
products under verification ofthe
Department ofFineArts.
Goods bydeceptive
practice.Toprotect trademarks andprevent
deceptive practices.Banonexports.
Copyright-infringing
cassette tapes, audio,
compact disks, video tapes,
computer programmes and
books.Toprotect patents andcopyrights. Banonexports.
Natural sand Conservation ofexhaustible national
resources.Banonexports.
Mineral composed with
natural sand.Conservation ofexhaustible national
resources.Prohibition except under theapproval
oftheDepartment ofMineral
Resources.
Fueloilandproducts
thereof exported through
customs borders ofthe
eastern provinces.Conformity toUNresolution. Banonexports.
Products under certification,
withtheoriginating
countries, nottore-export
tothirdcountries.Conformity tobilateral agreements. Prohibition
Allproducts toYugoslavia
(Serbia andMontenegro).Conformity toUNresolution. Prohibition
Note: AL=Automatic licensing; NAL =Non-automatic licensing
Source: Information provided bytheauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 146
Table AIV.9
Activities eligible forinvestment promotion inThailand
Agriculture andagricultural products Light industry
Plant propagation Yarn spinningc
Production ofsilkworm eggsandsilkworm farming Weaving orknittingc
Silkproduction Textile printing
Livestock propagation Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing andfinishing
Livestock raising Manufacture ofhousehold textiles ortextile productsc
SlaughteringabManufacture ofgarmentsc
Tanneries, leather finishing, furdressing orhairprocessingabManufacture oflabelsc
Food manufacturing except carbonated drinkscManufacture ofcarpetsa
Production ofmilkordairy productsabManufacture offishing netsc
Manufacture ofoilsorfatsfrom plants oranimalscManufacture ofproducts ofleather orartificial leatherab
Manufacture ofmargarinecManufacture offurniture orfixtures, except primarily ofwood
ormetalc
Manufacture ofmodified starchcManufacture offootwear orpartsab
Manufacture ofcocoa orchocolatecCutting orpolishing ofgemstonesab
Manufacture ofL-Lysine from tapiocacManufacture ofjewelryab
Manufacture ofmonosodium glutamate monohydratecManufacture ofmusical instrumentsa
Manufacture ofanimal feedscManufacture ofsports equipmenta
Manufacture ofboard from wood by-products orplantsaManufacture ofsandpaperc
Manufacture oftyres andtubes forautomobilesaManufacture ofwaxpaperc
Manufacture ofrubber productsaManufacture ofsanitary napkinsc
Manuf. offurniture, fixtures, orflooring from rubber woodcManufacture oftoysbc
Modern packaging andstorage offresh plants, vegetables, fruit
orflowersManufacture ofjewelry boxes orpackagingc
Crop drying andsilofacilities Zipper manufacturea
Grading facility foragricultural products Glove manufacture except rubber glovesbc
Deep seafishing Manufacture ofsocks orstockingsc
Minerals, metals andceramics Artificial flowers, treesorother artificial goodsc
Mineral oreprospecting Production oflenses orspectacles orpartsa
SmeltingaManufacture ofmedical supplies ormedical equipment
Mining ororedressing, excluding tinbManufacture ofscientific equipment
Marble orgranite miningbManufacture ofstationery oreducational equipment orpartsc
Processing ofmarble orgraniteaUmbrella manufacture except those made from parchment
("SA" paper)a
Manufacture ofceramic productsbcManufacture ofmetal products, machinery, andtransport
equipment
Manufacture ofglass orglass productsabManufacture ofhand toolsa
Manufacture ofhotorcoldrolled stainless steelsheets orcoils Manufacture ofrazor blades orhandlesa
Manufacture ofsteelplates Manufacture offurniture andparts primarily ofmetala
Manufacture ofsteelstructuresbManufacture ofstructural metal productsa
Manufacture ofseamless steeltubes orpipes Manufacture ofboilersa
Manufacture ofseamless orsemi-seamless (inside bleed)
stainless steeltubes orpipesManufacture ofmetal containersa
Manufacture ofsteeltubes orpipesbcManufacture ofmetal wireorwireproductsa
Manufacture ofcoated steelsheets orcoils, excluding electro-
galvanized steelsheets orcoilscManufacture offabricated metal products, including metal
parts forautomotive andelectronic productsa
Manufacture ofsteelwirerods, steelwire, round bars, shafting
barsorsteelbilletsbcManufacture ofagricultural machinery orequipmenta
Manufacture ofsteelround barsordeformed barsbcManufacture ofwood ormetalworking machinery ortools
(machine tools)a
Manufacture ofironandsteelcastingaManufacture ofindustrial machinery orequipmenta
Manufactured offorged steelparts Production ofoildrilling platformsa
Manufactured ofsintered products Manufacture ofoffice, computing oraccounting machinery
(non-electronic)a
Non-ferrous metal smeltingaManufacture ofwater pumpsa
Manufacture offerro-alloy productsaManufacture ofairorgascompressorsab
Rolling, drawing, casting, cutting orforging ofnon-ferrous
metalsaManufacture offireextinguishing apparatus, equipment or
partsa
Table AIV.9 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 147
Prefabricated housing orpartsaBuilding orrepairing ofsteelships ofnotlessthan500gross
tonsb
Manufacture offirematerial protection orheatinsulatorcBuilding ofother ships except wooden orsteelshipsb
Manufacture ofrailroad equipment andelectric trains Manufacture ofpulpa
Manufacture orrepair ofaircraftbManufacture ofpaper containers orboxesa
Manufacture orrepair ofaircraft parts Manufacture ofarticles made offibre, pulp, paper or
paperboardc
Manufacture, repair, maintenance andrefurbishing of
containersaManufacture ofPetResinb
Manufacture ofengine parts, transmissions, brakes, steering or
suspension systemsOff-set printinga
Manufacture ofvehicle parts (specified)aPlastic filmprintinga
Manufacture ofother vehicle partsaServices andpublic utilities
Manufacture ofmotor-cyclesbProduction ofelectric orsteam powerb
Manufacture ofcarassembliesbWater works orsupply forindustrial usesb
Electronics andelectrical industry Concession roadsb
Manufacture ofelectrical industrial machinery orapparatusabMass transit systemsb
Manufacture ofelectrical productscCommunication services viasatelliteb
Manufacture ofelectric lampsbcTelephone servicesb
Manufacture ofbatteries orcellsabPipeline transportb
Manufacture ofelectrical equipmentaCable carservicesb
Manufacture ofelectronic products: International maritime transportationb
Manufacture ofoffice, computing oraccounting machineryaLoading/unloading facilities forseatransport
Manufacture ofhousehold machinery andappliancescContainer yardsb
Manufacture ofindustrial automation equipmentaFerryboat orhigh-powered shipservicesb
Manufacture ofradio, television ortelecommunication
equipment andapparatusabTourist promotion servicesb
Manufacture ofprofessional andscientific measuring and
controlling equipment notelsewhere classified, andof
photographic andoptical goodsabAirtransportation servicesb
Manufacture ofelectronic musical instrumentsaCommercial airportsb
Manufacture ofparts orsupplies usedforelectronic apparatusbHotelsb
Manufacture ofinsulated wires andcablescMedium orlow-income housingb
Manufacture offlat,shielded, coaxial orsignal cables Industrial zonesb
Chemical industry, paper andplasticsAgricultural export zoneb
Manufacture ofbasic chemicalsbcGemstone orjewelry industrial centreb
Manufacture ofother basic industrial chemicals Flatted factoryb
Manufacture ofsoftgelatin capsulesaConvention hallb
Manufacture offertilizers International trade exhibition centreb
Manufacture ofpetrochemical productsbWarehousing
Manufacture ofpetroleum productsbCold storage
Manufacture ofartificial orsynthetic fibresaDisinfection services forproducts orproduce
Manufacture ofpigments orsimilar productscInfrastructure andservices foraquaculture
Manufacture ofpharmaceutical product ingredientsaResearch anddevelopmentb
Manufacture ofpesticides, herbicides, fungicides or
insecticidescRefuse, industrial waste, orwater disposal servicesb
Manufacture ofother chemical productsaTransportation ofhazardous chemicalsb
Manufacture ofplastic orplastic-coated productscEducational institutes orvocational training centresb
Manufacture ofpapercHospitalsb
Thaimotion picture production orrelated servicesb
a Must belocated inZone 2or3.
b Additional conditions imposed.
c Must belocated inZone 3.
Source: Board ofInvestment, Government ofThailand.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 148
Table AIV.10
Machinery andequipment ineligible forBOItariff concessionsa
Construction materials
Tempered safety glass, transparent andcoloured glass. Stainless steelpipeandsteelpipeofcertain sizes, withand
without seams.
Floor, wall, andasbestos cement; baked clayandplastic tiles. High density polyethylene pipeandpolybucylene pipefor
useasdrinking water pipes, andpolypropylene pipe.
Hot-rolled andcold-rolled structural steel, highvoltage structural
steel, flatsteelandsquare steel, deformed bars, re-rolled steeland
round steelbars.Padlocks anddoorlocks, ordinary type.
Brass bolts andaluminium bolts, bothpressed androlled type. Door hinges.
Faucets. Plain wood doors andwindows, andmanual rolldoors.
Allkinds ofsanitary wares, except bathtubs. Refractory bricks.
Frame setsforadjustable louvre windows. Glass fibreinsulator.
Sling steelwirerope. Finished insulator forbuilding walls andcoldrooms.
Adjustable bases forsteelscaffolding andcomplete-set steel
scaffolding.Formica, gypsum board andplywood.
Reinforced concrete pipe, highprestressed concrete pipe, asbestos
cement pipe, baked claypipe, hardPVC pipe, fibreglass pipe,
concrete water pipe, steelscrew coupling, ISOmetric screw
coupling, asbestos cement jointandhardPVC joints.
Machinery andelectrical equipment
Ballast, ordinary lamps, fluorescent lamps, electric bulbs, starters. Personal computers.
Ordinary fans. Generator sets,notmore than240kilowatts.
Electric motors ofcertain sizes, motor compressors, single phase
andthree-phase induction motors.Refrigerators andfreezers.
Straight shank, suspension, strain andwheel insulators. Water coolers ofallkinds.
Electric switches. Condensing units orchillers ofnotmore than40tons.
Telephone cable, electrical cable andelectric wires. Airhandling units withafancoilunitof<18,000 cfm.
Power, safety isolating, andelectric transformers. TV,radio andtelephone receivers.
Capacitors oflowvoltage. Arc,spotandseam welders.
Electric ricecookers. Air-conditioners ofnotmore than40tons
UPS(uninterruptible power supply).
Machinery, equipment, parts andaccessories
Water filters. Copper, caststeelandsteelwater gates.
Icecubeandiceflake makers. Blankets.
Micro-organism incubators andautoclaves. Invalid chairs andstretchers forgeneral use.
Liquified petroleum gaspressure regulators. Graters.
Manual typestaplers. Concrete mixer vehicles.
Passenger andloading elevators, other thanthose usedinhospitals
forloading patient beds, andelevators with3-car group control
systems foruseinhigh-rise buildings of9floors orhigher.Kitchen utensils, ordinary type.
Conveyor beltsmade ofrubber andcanvas. Safety hatsforindustrial plants andfieldwork.
Boilers. Stainless steelsinks forwashing.
Canteens, vacuum glass products andrubber hot-water bottles. Tableware andcutlery ofallkinds.
Disposable sterilized syringes. Carpets, curtains, andrelated accessories.
Safety ventilation mechanisms forgascylinders. Sedans, trucks andcertain kinds ofambulances.
Tooth scalers anddental units. Cooling towers ofnotmore than1,000 tons.
Industrial goods shelves. Water pump usedwithengines andwithmotors, and
various pumps usedwithliquid andchemicals.
Drychemical andportable fireextinguishers. Vibro-separators &filters.
Steel andwooden furniture. Hand pallet-trucks, hydraulic stackers, mobile cranes,
cranes, high-lift pallet trucks andpower electronic stackers.
Table AIV.10 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 149
Machinery, equipment, parts andaccessories (cont'd)
Lawn mowers. Hydraulic presses of100,200,400,500and1,000 tons.
Airpumps, 1HP. Hydraulic press brakes of80and150tons.
Clothes dryers. Hydraulic guillotine shears.
X-ray 100MA, 100KV,other thanmobile type. Crank presses of10,20,25,35,40,60,80,100,150and
250tons.
Fire-proof safety doors andelectronic safety vaults. Plastic grinding machines.
Liquified petroleum gascylinders. Drawer cabinets fortools andequipment.
Safety leather shoes. Blow-molding machines.
Electrode, stranded wire, copper wire, metal wire, steelwirerope
andsteelstranded wire.Shot-blasting machines.
Plastic tanks andsteeltanks forstoring water ofallkinds. Lathes.
Leather gloves, rubber gloves andordinary cloth gloves. Plastic bagblowers andplastic cutting andsealing machines
ofnon-photocell type.
Fireextinguishing pipes. Airjetwater churning machines, PEbuoy and4-blade PE
buoy plastic blades.
a These items areabletobemanufactured orassembed inThailand, andaretherefore ineligible fortariff concessions from the
Board ofInvestment (BOI).
Note: Certain sizes andspecial types ofthemachinery, equipment, parts andequipment listed above arenotmanufactured or
assembled inThailand.
Source: Board ofInvestment, Government ofThailand.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 150
Table AIV.11
Time-frames forproject consideration andrelated procedures bytheBoard ofInvestment
No.of
working days
Initial project analysis
60BytheOBOI orSub-Committee (investment ofB40-200 million)
BytheBoard ofInvestment (investment ofmore thanB200million) 90
Project modifications
Changes inlocation, rawmaterial import schedule, registered capital, foreign equity share, orreduction in
production capacity 5
Additional privileges, product withdrawal, saleofby-products 15
Increase inproduction capacity, change intypeofproducts, change inmethod ofproduction, change in
exporting condition, ortransferring ofpromoted activities 30
Promotion certificate issuance
Extension ofpromotion acceptance period 7
Issuing promotion certificate 10
Clearance ofmachinery imports
Approval ofuseofbank guarantee 3
Approval ofmachinery clearance 7
Approval ofbank guarantee withdrawal 7
Clearance ofrawmaterial/input imports
Approval ofrawmaterial/input clearance 3
Approval ofuseofbank guarantee 3
Approval ofbank guarantee withdrawal 3
Approval ofrawmaterial/input deduction 9-15
Approval ofinput formulae andmaximum stocks 30
Other investment services
Changes infactory construction schedule 36
Changes inmachinery import schedule 45
Issuing factory establishment permits: inBangkok 15
intheregions 45
Issuing factory operating permits: inBangkok 15
intheregions 30
Granting permission forforeigners: toconduct feasibility studies 15
towork inpromoted activities 45
toownland 5
tomortgage land 3
toownacondominium unit 5
Source: Board ofInvestment, Government ofThailand.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 151
Table AIV.12
Number oftrademark applications inThailand bycountry, 1983-94
Year Thailand United
StatesEuropean
UnionJapan ASEAN Others Total
1983 4,609 1,002 1,055 667 86 577 7,996
1984 4,587 848 1,473 666 63 617 8,254
1985 4,910 798 1,131 441 42 556 7,878
1986 5,546 1,222 1,445 428 81 548 9,270
1987 6,557 1,185 1,395 658 89 726 10,610
1988 7,543 1,390 1,759 766 124 923 12,505
1989 7,565 1,454 1,758 905 139 892 12,713
1990 7,024 1,659 2,107 860 195 1,018 12,863
1991 7,190 1,566 1,741 679 236 926 12,338
1992 7,212 2,136 1,761 826 230 1,213 13,378
1993 9,190 1,938 1,903 847 290 1,295 15,463
1994 8,962 2,057 2,185 931 428 1,306 15,869
Total 80,895 17,255 19,713 8,674 2,003 10,597 139,137
Source: Dataprovided bytheauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 152
Table AIV.13
Patent applications inThailand bytrading partner, 1980-94
Year Thailand United
StatesJapan European
UnionASEAN Others Total
1980 Design
Inventions9
1325
694
386
710
117
2361
215
1981 Design
Inventions24
2621
12325
5714
951
64
2589
332
1982 Design
Inventions87
4048
12213
6021
1030
218
44187
371
1983 Design
Inventions152
4844
22228
11017
1293
228
49272
560
1984 Design
Inventions182
4931
23344
13831
1822
321
63311
668
1985 Design
Inventions131
5543
24630
11239
1736
1133
110282
707
1986 Design
Inventions182
6046
21230
11846
2251
136
78341
694
1987 Design
Inventions193
6836
30582
17244
2450
428
88383
882
1988 Design
Inventions111
7859
33479
299122
3025
553
101429
1,119
1989 Design
Inventions172
43118
519158
351118
3691
0100
142667
1,424
1990 Design
Inventions193
73130
81298
340112
3582
1180
346615
1,940
1991 Design
Inventions263
80103
81668
37195
4743
367
243599
1,987
1992 Design
Inventions241
67129
76679
339110
4268
893
367660
1,973
1993 Design
Inventions415
110164
933133
45393
5086
1671
443882
2,463
1994aDesign
Inventions402
108126
73581
421106
4715
946
379766
2,123
Total 3,675 7,570 4,331 5,105 125 3,196 24,002
a Through September 1994.
Source: Dataprovided bytheauthorities.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 153
Table AIV.14
Patents granted inThailand bycountry, 1980-94
Year Thailand United
StatesJapan European
UnionASEAN Others Total
1980 Design
Inventions0
00
00
00
00
00
00
0
1981 Design
Inventions4
016
01
04
00
00
025
0
1982 Design
Inventions5
117
32
08
01
012
045
4
1983 Design
Inventions20
87
83
12
30
06
138
21
1984 Design
Inventions23
812
60
45
20
04
044
20
1985 Design
Inventions79
58
222
102
50
02
393
45
1986 Design
Inventions46
165
1310
75
101
06
673
52
1987 Design
Inventions62
1284
2581
1362
139
023
8321
71
1988 Design
Inventions45
149
3829
1416
240
069
9208
86
1989 Design
Inventions114
1933
6467
3757
140
031
30302
164
1990 Design
Inventions79
754
5495
4656
230
049
11333
141
1991 Design
Inventions101
12100
44113
48105
363
051
13473
153
1992 Design
Inventions72
1135
6914
4554
460
012
28187
199
1993 Design
Inventions83
938
10813
9216
510
112
28162
289
1994aDesign
Inventions40
742
13029
6743
522
117
32173
289
Total 889 1,084 843 714 18 463 4,011
a Through September 1994.
Source: Dataprovided bytheauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 154
Table AIV.15
Conditions forcompulsory licensing ofpharmaceutical products inThailand, 1995
Conditions: Pharmaceutical products willbesubject tocompulsory licensing afterthree years from thegranting ofthepatent,
orfouryears from thedateofpatent application, ifwhen anapplication ismade foralicence itappears that:
(i)without sufficient reason, thepatented product isnotbeing produced orthepatented process isnotbeing used
inThailand; or
(ii)without sufficient reason, thepatented product orproducts produced bythepatented process arenotbeing sold
inThailand; or,ifsold, arebeing soldatunreasonably highprices orinquantities insufficient tomeet
domestic public demand.
Inaddition, theapplicant forthelicence must show thataneffort toobtain alicence from thepatentee hasbeen
made, andthatreasonable conditions andcompensation were proposed, butthattheparties were notabletocome
toterms within areasonable period.
"Sufficient reason" under (i)and(ii)includes that:
-theproducts arenotallowed under Thailawtobeproduced orsoldinThailand; theinputs tobeusedinsuch
production arenotallowed tobeimported; production facilities areeither notallowed under Thailawortheir
establishment hasbeendelayed forreasons beyond thefaultofthepatentee orlicensee;
-thefailure toproduce inThailand isduetoforce majeure; insufficient domestic demand; theThaicostofthe
product would behigher thantheimport price, duetoaninfrastructural constraint; thepatentee orlicensee
hasbeendeclared bankrupt; oralackofexperts, tools orequipment needed forproduction.
"Reasonably highprices" under (ii)includes thecasewhere thecostofproduction isveryhigh.
"Quantity sufficient tomeet domestic public demand" includes thecasewhere supply isinsufficient duetoforce
majeure.
Source: Thaiauthorities.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 155
Table AV.1
Index ofagricultural production inThailand, 1988-94
(1988 =100)
Weights 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994a
Crops: 68.42 100.00 110.40 106.02 115.05 120.31 118.89 122.67
Paddy 30.61 100.00 108.21 88.71 95.79 100.76 96.01 97.56
Rubber 7.80 100.00 121.03 128.50 140.00 153.00 157.00 171.80
Tapioca roots 4.75 100.00 100.13 88.53 86.71 87.66 85.56 84.18
Maize 4.37 100.00 91.11 84.44 80.00 75.56 73.33 86.67
Sugar cane 3.39 100.00 129.17 123.13 148.02 162.28 125.78 136.63
Sorghum 2.94 100.00 107.44 110.23 116.28 115.81 126.05 121.40
Soybean 1.73 100.00 119.61 98.04 85.49 85.29 103.92 113.73
Coconuts 1.37 100.00 104.36 103.54 100.09 102.45 106.17 107.08
Mungbean 1.16 100.00 106.91 90.99 91.29 78.38 72.67 78.68
Oilpalm 0.92 100.00 124.07 134.67 148.68 152.74 172.41 180.77
Coffee 0.81 100.00 119.98 79.44 134.92 118.32 120.85 115.81
Garlic 0.64 100.00 83.06 77.90 80.73 86.81 85.24 83.81
Dried chili 0.55 100.00 39.95 56.14 46.15 48.58 56.68 53.98
Tobacco leaves 0.54 100.00 124.91 153.22 152.57 195.09 213.92 111.93
Other cropsb6.84 100.00 119.17 157.89 183.62 198.41 194.52 202.91
Forest productsc3.03 100.00 47.90 33.29 19.84 9.23 7.75 7.22
Animal productsd16.77 100.00 104.60 109.41 114.01 119.48 124.86 129.73
Fishcatch 11.78 100.00 113.10 127.12 140.47 141.60 147.40 151.23
Total 100.00 100.00 107.93 106.85 114.99 119.34 119.86 123.69
Note: Coverage accounts forabout 90percentoftotalagricultural production.
Weights based on1988 values ofagricultural production oftheMinistry ofAgriculture andCo-operatives.
Total paddy production volume allocated tothecalendar yearinwhich thesecond cropseason starts.
Laspeyres fixed baseyearformula usedincompilation.
a Provisional.
b Consists ofjuteandkenaf, kapok andbombax fibre, groundnuts, castor seeds, sesames, shallots andonions, fruitand
vegetables.
c Consists ofteak, yang, firewood, charcoal, other timber andbamboo.
d Consists ofbuffaloes, cattle, swine, poultry, eggsandanimal products.
Source: Bank ofThailand.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 156
Table AV.2
Farm, wholesale andexport prices formajor agricultural commodities inThailand, 1993-94
(Value andannual percentage change)
1993 1994
ValueAnnual
percentage changeValueAnnual
percentage change
Domestic farm prices (Bhat/tonne)
Main cropprice index (1984 =100) 116.8 (-12.4) 135.4 (15.9)
Paddy No.1 3,216 (-16.5) 3,848 (19.7)
Rubber No.3 16,040 (-5.2) 22,120 (37.9)
Maize 2,752 (-5.8) 2,960 (7.5)
Cassava roots 570 (-26.4) 730 (28.8)
Domestic wholesale prices (Bhat/tonne)
Main cropprice index (1984 =100) 114.9 (-9.3) 131.7 (14.6)
Paddy No.1:Bangkok 3,146 (-13.6) 3,809 (21.1)
Rice100percentNo.2:Bangkok 5,701 (-12.5) 6,456 (13.2)
Rubber No.3:HatYai 17,118 (-5.2) 24,563 (43.5)
Maize: Bangkok 3,130 (-10.8) 3,483 (11.3)
Tapioca pellets: Bangkok 2,170 (15.6) 2,438 (12.3)
Export market (US$/tonne)
Main cropprice index (1984 =100) 102.2 (-6.9) 123.9 (21.2)
Rice100percentNo.2 260.7 (-10.3) 323.9 (24.2)
Rubber No.3 762.1 (-2.5) 956.5 (25.5)
Maize 125.2 (-8.9) 141.7 (13.2)
Tapioca products 119.3 (-6.2) 138 (15.7)
Sugar 211.2 (4.1) 269 (27.4)
Source: Government ofThailand, National Economic andSocial Development Board.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 157
Table AV.3
Thailand tariff rates byISIC category, 1995 and2004
(Percent)
ISIC
CodeDescriptionM.f.n. applied rate(1995)AFTA
rate
(1995)
Simple
averagebUruguay
Round
final rate
(2004)
Simple
averagecNumber
oflinesaSimple
averageRange
Total 6,287 23.1 0-100 18.9 28.8
1 Agriculture, hunting, forestry &fishing 297 38.6 0-65 38.3 28.0
111 Agricultural andlivestock production 216 38.3 0-65 38.3 34.7
Liveanimals 15.2 0-40 ... 16.6
Dairy prod.; birds'eggs; natural honey; edible
prods. n.e.s.46.3 40-65 ... 38.3
Edible vegetables andcertain roots andtubers 60.0 60-60 ... 49.6
Edible fruitandnuts; peelofcitrus fruitormelons 57.7 10-60 ... 39.1
Coffee, tea,mat.andspices 33.1 30-60 ... 35.6
Cereals ... ... ... 41.2
Oilseed, oleagi fruit; miscell. grain, seed, fruitetc. 36.8 5-65 ... 34.8
Tobacco andmanufactured tobacco substitutes 60.0 60-60 ... 72.0
Rubber andarticles thereof 10.0 0-50 ... 17.9
12 Forestry andlogging 32 15.3 0-50 15.0 15.7
121 Forestry 21 22.9 0-50 22.4 21.8
122 Logging 11 1.0 1-1 1.0 5.0
130 Fishing 49 54.9 1-60 53.1 12.3
1301 Ocean andcoastal fishing 39 56.6 1-60 56.5 13.1
1302 Fishing notelsewhere classified 10 48.2 1-60 41.7 10.2
2 Mining &quarrying 107 8.2 0-35 8.3 19.6
210 Coalmining 4 1.0 1-1 19.7 21.8
220 Crude petroleum andnatural gasproduction 1 0.0 0 13.3 25.0
230 Metal oremining 23 6.5 1-10 1.0 28.5
2301 Ironoremining 2 1.0 1-1 1.0 30.0
2302 Non-ferrous oremining 21 7.0 1-10 1.0 28.4
290 Other mining 79 9.2 0-35 10.8 17.0
2901 Stone quarrying,clay andsandpits 35 13.7 5-35 13.9 23.9
2902 Chemical andfertilizer mineral mining 13 7.0 5-12 9.9 15.5
2903 Saltmining 2 11.0 10-12 8.2 21.0
2909 Mining andquarrying notelsewhere classified 29 4.7 0-12 7.2 9.8
3 Manufacturing 5,882 22.6 0-100 18.5 29.1
31 Manufacture offood, beverages andtobacco 466 42.4 0-65 36.9 35.3
311 Food products 371 43.5 0-65 37.8 34.3
3111 Slaughtering, preparing, preserving meat 78 47.7 0-60 37.2 32.7
3112 Manufacture ofdairy products 25 28.0 5-60 20.3 32.1
3113 Canning, preserving fruitandvegetables 91 51.3 45-60 49.5 36.6
3114 Canning, preserving fish,crustacea etc. 63 54.6 8-60 52.4 14.7
3115 Manufacture ofvegetable andanimal oils&fats 53 24.8 6-60 19.8 36.5
3116 Grain millproducts 34 38.4 10-60 31.6 41.5
3117 Manufacture ofbakery products 10 44.0 35-45 36.3 33.3
3118 Sugar factories andrefineries 4 36.5 6-65 27.1 79.2
3119 Manuf. ofcocoa, chocolate, sugar confectionery 13 30.4 20-45 29.5 33.3
312 Other foodproducts andanimal feeds 70 33.2 0-60 29.6 34.6
3121 Food products n.e.s. 60 36.1 0-60 31.0 38.1
3122 Manufacture ofprepared animal feeds 10 15.5 0-60 18.5 14.5
Table AV.3 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 158
ISIC
CodeDescriptionM.f.n. applied rate(1995)AFTA
rate
(1995)
Simple
averagebUruguay
Round
final rate
(2004)
Simple
averagecNumber
oflinesaSimple
averageRange
313 Beverages 18 53.1 0-60 39.6 50.5
3131 Distilling, rectifying, blending spirits 6 60.0 60-60 43.0 59.3
3132 Wine industries 8 53.8 10-60 42.2 52.5
3133 Maltliquors andmalt 1 60.0 60-60 33.3 60.0
3134 Softdrinks, carbonated water industries 3 35.0 0-60 26.0 28.8
3140 Tobacco manufacturing 7 51.4 30-60 47.8 60.0
32 Textile, wearing apparel andleather industries 1,368 31.2 1-100 22.2 29.1
321 Textiles 1,128 30.0 1-100 22.2 28.5
3211 Spinning, weaving, finalising textiles 764 26.3 1-45 21.2 27.5
3212 Manufacture oftextile goods excl. weaving apparel 70 37.9 5-45 24.9 29.2
3213 Knitting mills 168 42.0 20-100 24.6 30.0
3214 Manufacture ofcarpets andrugs 55 40.5 30-45 34.7 30.0
3215 Cordage, ropeandtwine industries 16 28.0 10-40 24.3 30.0
3219 Manufacture oftextiles n.e.s. 55 25.9 10-45 20.8 30.2
322 Manufacture ofwearing apparel 156 41.3 10-65 24.8 31.0
323 Leather products 63 24.5 1-65 14.3 30.4
3231 Tanneries andleather finishing 32 7.4 1-10 4.3 27.0
3232 Furdressing anddyeing industries 10 26.5 10-65 27.5 44.0
3233 Manufacture ofleather products excl. footwear 21 49.5 10-65 22.4 30.0
324 Manufacture offootwear 21 38.6 10-100 27.1 30.0
33 Wood andwood products, including furniture 91 22.4 1-40 20.2 20.4
331 Wood andwood products, except furniture 69 16.8 1-40 19.2 19.4
3311 Sawmills andwoodmills 43 12.6 1-40 18.2 12.8
3312 Wooden casecontainers andcan... 8 30.0 30-30 27.1 51.0
3319 Wood andcorkproducts 18 20.9 1-30 18.8 24.3
332 Manuf. offurniture &fixtures except ofmetal 22 40.0 40-40 26.4 23.8
34 Paper, paper products,printing andpublishing 179 18.8 0-45 18.3 26.0
341 Paper products 144 18.5 3-45 18.1 27.1
3411 Manufacture ofpulp, paper, paperboard 95 15.1 3-45 15.7 24.6
3412 Manuf. ofcontainers &boxes ofpaper &board 9 23.3 10-30 23.0 31.1
3419 Manufacture ofpulp, paper, paperboard n.e.s. 40 25.4 10-45 25.1 31.4
342 Printing, publishing &allied industries 35 20.0 0-30 19.5 22.6
35 Chemicals, petroleum, coal, rubber, plastics 1,376 17.4 0-100 16.3 30.2
351 Industrial chemicals 880 15.9 0-45 16.4 29.6
3511 Manuf. ofbasic indus. chemicals excl. fertilizer 562 10.5 0-25 9.7 29.4
3512 Manufacture offertilizer &pesticides 44 9.3 0-25 8.9 25.1
3513 Manuf. ofresins, plastics &man-made fibres 274 27.8 0-45 26.9 31.5
352 Other chemicals, incl.pharm. 349 15.7 0-60 13.3 28.9
3521 Manufacture ofpaints, varnishes, lacquers 22 19.5 10-25 17.3 30.0
3522 Manufacture ofdrugs andmedicines 124 10.5 0-40 9.6 27.1
3523 Manuf. ofsoap, cleaning agents, perfumes etc. 46 27.3 0-40 21.7 30.0
3529 Manufacture ofchemical products n.e.s. 157 15.8 0-60 13.7 29.6
353 Petroleum refineries 9 7.4 1-20 17.7 25.4
354 Manuf. ofmiscell. petroleum &coalproducts 11 9.1 1-30 14.6 23.1
355 Rubber products 97 33.3 0-100 21.8 40.7
3551 Tyre andtubeindustries 26 27.4 0-40 17.4 31.4
3559 Manufacture ofrubber products n.e.s. 71 35.5 10-100 23.5 44.2
356 Manufacture ofplastic products n.e.s. 30 35.7 0-45 38.1 32.0
Table AV.3 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 159
ISIC
CodeDescriptionM.f.n. applied rate(1995)AFTA
rate
(1995)
Simple
averagebUruguay
Round
final rate
(2004)
Simple
averagecNumber
oflinesaSimple
averageRange
36 Non-metallic mineral prods. exc.petrol andcoal 193 24.5 0-55 18.3 30.4
361 Pottery andchina 17 36.5 5-55 18.3 31.2
362 Manufacture ofglass andglass products 75 27.5 5-55 18.1 30.2
369 Other non-metallic mineral products 101 20.2 0-55 18.4 30.4
3691 Manufacture ofstructural clayproducts 21 24.3 5-55 13.9 32.1
3692 Manufacture ofcement, lime&plaster 8 8.1 5-10 8.4 27.5
3699 Manuf. ofnon-metallic mineral products n.e.s. 72 20.4 0-55 20.6 30.2
37 Basic metal industries 383 11.5 0-35 11.8 22.0
371 Ironandsteelbasic industries 196 10.9 1-27 13.0 25.4
372 Non-ferrous metal basic industries 187 12.1 0-35 8.8 18.5
38 Fabricated metal products, mach.& equipment 1,594 16.1 0-80 14.1 28.4
381 Fabricated metal products 231 23.0 0-40 19.2 31.2
3811 Manuf. ofcutlery, hand tools, general hardware 70 21.0 20-40 18.1 33.4
3812 Manufacture ofmetal furniture andfixtures 10 28.0 20-40 19.6 24.2
3813 Manufacture ofstructural metal products 27 16.6 5-27 12.8 25.6
3819 Manufacture offabricated metal products n.e.s. 124 25.1 0-40 21.2 31.4
382 Non-electrical machinery incl.computers 550 10.1 0-45 8.8 23.1
3821 Manufacture ofengines andturbines 13 7.3 5-20 7.0 22.3
3822 Manuf. ofagricultural machinery andequipment 16 10.3 5-40 9.1 20.7
3823 Manuf. ofmetal &wood working machinery 109 7.5 5-30 5.1 21.2
3824 Manuf. ofspecial industrial mach. &equipment 144 5.3 1-30 3.9 20.7
3825 Manuf. office, computing, accounting machinery 34 13.8 5-20 10.4 26.3
3829 Machinery &equipment excl. electrical n.e.s. 234 13.8 0-45 12.1 25.4
383 Electrical machinery 347 16.2 0-50 13.5 30.6
3831 Manuf. ofelectrical indus. machi. &apparatus 82 13.7 5-27 12.0 31.4
3832 Manuf. ofradio, T.V. &communications equip. 158 13.7 0-40 10.4 29.5
3833 Manuf. ofelectrical appliances &housewares 24 26.3 20-45 22.9 30.0
3839 Manuf. ofelectrical apparatus &supplies n.e.s. 83 20.6 5-50 19.3 31.8
384 Transport equipment 232 26.2 0-80 23.9 35.6
3841 Shipbuilding &repairing 30 10.0 1-30 8.3 29.9
3842 Manufacture ofrailroad equipment 26 3.2 0-20 4.1 6.0
3843 Manufacture ofmotor vehicles 122 38.4 5-80 31.2 50.9
3844 Manufacture ofmotorcycles andbicycles 25 33.6 0-60 33.2 45.9
3845 Manufacture ofaircraft 24 4.0 0-20 3.5 11.0
3849 Manufacture oftransport equipment n.e.s. 5 14.0 0-40 10.5 23.3
385 Professional andscientific equipment 234 13.4 0-40 11.2 29.3
3851 Professional scientific &measuring equip,. n.e.s. 105 6.2 0-30 6.4 27.2
3852 Manufacture ofphotographic &optical goods 74 15.8 5-40 12.4 34.6
3853 Manufacture ofwatches andclocks 55 23.7 12-35 20.9 28.2
39 Other manufacturing industries 232 27.1 0-65 21.9 30.0
3901 Manufacture ofjewellery andrelated articles 18 35.3 0-60 15.4 32.6
3902 Manufacture ofmusical instruments 23 10.9 10-20 7.0 38.1
3903 Manufacture ofsporting andathletic goods 31 20.0 5-50 16.3 17.0
3909 Manufacturing industries n.e.s. 160 29.8 0-65 25.6 30.4
4 Electrical energy 1 0.0 0-0 0.0 0.0
... Notavailable.
a Does notinclude theestimated 161specific rates.
b Incases where preferential ratesarenotoffered, thecurrent applied ratewasusedforcalculation purposes.
c Fortheapproximately 90percentofindustrial tariff linesremaining unbound, applied 1988 tariffs were used.
Source: WTO Secretariat calculations, based ondatasupplied bytheThaiauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 160
Table AV.4
Agricultural support measures inThailand exempt from Uruguay Round reduction commitments, 1991
(Baht million, fiscal year)
Measure
(andtype) DescriptionMonetary
value of
measure
Total 29,953.77
Agricultural
Research and
Development
Plan(Research)Research programmes undertaken byvarious departments oftheMinistry ofAgriculture and
Co-operatives areaimed atdevelopment ofseeds, livestock, fisheries, rural development, and
reformation oflanduse. Programmes arefunded bybudget outlays, andinformation taken
from theresearch results aredisseminated tofarmers viatherelevant government agencies.1,204.74
PestandDisease
Control Project
(Pest anddisease
control)Administered bytheMinistry ofAgriculture andCo-operatives, theproject provides three
kinds ofservices:
1.Preventive measures ofplant andanimal diseases.
2.Eradication ofplant andanimal diseases.
3.Control andadvisory services fortoxic andpotentially hazardous substances thatare
related tocultural method.413.18
Theaimistoprevent thespread ofdiseases atthenational andregional levels.
National
Extension and
Advisory
Services
(Extension and
advisory services)Services include: transfer ofknowledge from research activities tofarmers, advice onviable
options forfarmers toincrease income, provision ofknow-how concerning seeds, plants,
animals, provision ofnecessary assistance toregional areas where equality ofincome
distribution isdesirable.2,513.31
Agricultural
Training
Services
(Training
services)Training services areprovided tofarmers toenable them toparticipate efficiently inthe
competitive market system.17.11
Irrigation for
Economic
Development
(Infrastructure
services)Included under thiscategory are:construction ofdamanddrainage systems andthe
maintenance ofthese facilities. Theagricultural sector andrural communities benefit interms
ofwater sources, although themain aimsaretogenerate electricity andtoprevent floods.10,414.23
116.99
Land andWater
Conservation
System
(General services
(environment))Thiscategory includes construction andmaintenance costs ofsmall dams, drainage systems,
andriver-bank walls toprevent landslides inareas close totheriver network invarious parts
ofthecountry.287.49
130.93
Land Reform
Programme
(Structural
adjustment)Theprogramme assists farmhouseholds inlandprocurement andlandownership
arrangements.791.28
157.24
Inspection
Services
(Inspection
services)Inspection services areprovided toassure compliance withworld market standards. 31.85
Promotion of
Farmers '
Organizations
(Marketing and
promotion
services)Provision ofassistance interms ofadvice onmanagement andfinance offarmers '
organizations tohelpfarmers inthemarketing oftheirproducts.87.42
Table AV.4 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 161
Measure
(andtype) DescriptionMonetary
value of
measure
Natural Disaster
Relief
(Natural disaster
relief)Government assistance tofarm households which areaffected byfloods andother natural
disasters.400.18
Regional
Assistance
Programmes
(Regional
assistance)Regional Assistance Programmes areundertaken byvarious ministries which operated under
thePrime Minister 'sOffice Regulation onRural Development Administration B.E.2532
(No.10)according totheNational Rural Development Committee.
Theaimofallprogrammes istodevelop andencourage people indisadvantaged regions who
facepermanent drought andpoverty, inorder toincrease well-being andtoreach self-
sufficiency.
Those programmes arefunded through government budget which classified intotheprinciple
planabout development andrehabilitated environment from poornatural resources onwater,
forestry andfertilized landaswellasincreasing income.8,691.69
2,933.47
(Crop
diversification
programme to
eradicate the
planting ofillicit
crops)Thissupport measure involves theprovision ofassistance tocertain minority groups in
disadvantaged remote areas inaneffort tochange theirlongtradition ofgrowing illicit crops.
Considering theglobal implications ofthespread ofthecultivation ofnarcotic crops, the
Government ofThailand hasattempted topromote diversification away from thegrowing of
thecrops. Inmost cases, theeffort involves international co-operation interms ofboth
financial andtechnical assistance.190.06
Since theyhavenoother commercially viable professional skills, government measures and
programmes necessarily involve thepromotion ofother high-value cashcrops. Marketing
assistance bygovernmental bodies provides assurance ofcomparable incomes tothegroups.
Many countries inthepasthavecommitted tohelptheGovernment ofThailand inthis
diversification effort andhaveprovided counterpart funds fortheprogrammes. They include:
Germany, Italy, Norway, Canada, Sweden, theNetherlands, andother international
organizations suchasUNDP, UNFDAC, UNFPA, UNICEP. Thefinancial assistance from
foreign sources during thepast5-6years wasabout US$6.5 million.
(Investment
subsidies
generally
available to
agriculture)These support measures provide medium- andlong-term investment subsidies inareas with
suitable resources where participating farmers would receive low-interest loans from the
BAAC inco-operation withrelevant government andprivate sector agencies whoundertake to
provide technical ormarketing services.
Theaimofthemeasure istoreduce therisksoflending andhastherefore enabled theBank
torelax some ofitsnormal loansecurity criteria andextend itsservices tofarmers whomight
nototherwise beconsidered eligible forlong-term loans.
Medium- andlong-term loans foractivities suchasthepurchase oflivestock andfarm
machinery, theplanting ofperennial crops andthedevelopment ofsmall scale irrigation
systems.1,020.84
(Input subsidies to
low-income
resource poor
producers)Poor farmers faced theproblem thattheycould notincrease farmproductivity andbuyinputs
attherightprice orquality. Theassistance, byproviding short-term production loans and
co-ordinating good quality input supplies, takes thenecessary steps toensure thatinputs are
available totheclient farmers atafairprice andattherightquality.51.76
These loans havebeendesigned tomeet seasonal farming expenses, suchasthepurchase of
seeds, fertilizers, labour hiring andsoon.
Source: Government ofThailand, Uruguay Round Schedules.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 162
Table AV.5
Gross output andvalue added inmanufacturing inThailand, 1990-93
(US$ billion, percent)
Gross output Value addedValue added asapercentage
ofgross output
1990 1991 1992 1993 1990 1991 1992 1993 1990 1991 1992 1993
Food 10.3 11.7 12.9 12.1 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.9 22.2 22.5 20.5 23.7
Beverages 2.4 2.9 3.3 4.0 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.5 66.2 66.0 63.0 62.0
Tobacco 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 74.8 76.6 73.9 73.5
Textiles 8.6 10.8 12.9 14.0 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.2 30.3 30.2 30.1 30.3
Wearing apparel
except footwear5.1 6.5 7.2 8.2 2.5 3.2 3.6 4.0 48.3 49.0 49.7 49.6
Leather, leather
products andfootwear2.7 3.1 3.4 3.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 37.1 36.8 37.1 36.9
Wood andwood
products1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 36.1 36.3 36.2 36.3
Furniture andfixtures 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.4 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 48.2 48.2 48.2 48.2
Paper andpaper
products0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 33.5 33.4 33.6 33.3
Printing, publishing
andallied industries0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 35.7 35.5 35.3 35.2
Chemicals and
chemical products1.7 2.0 2.2 2.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 31.8 31.9 34.3 34.8
Petroleum refineries
andpetroleum products3.0 3.6 4.0 4.2 1.0 1.7 1.8 1.9 34.4 48.1 45.5 44.4
Rubber andplastic
products1.8 2.1 2.4 2.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 33.4 32.9 33.1 33.4
Non-metallic mineral
products3.5 4.3 4.4 4.8 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.0 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.6
Basic metal industries 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.8
Fabricated metal
products1.7 2.0 2.2 2.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.3
Machinery 3.8 5.0 5.6 6.5 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.1 33.0 33.2 33.1 33.0
Electrical machinery
andsupplies3.4 4.5 6.2 7.8 1.4 1.8 2.6 3.3 40.4 41.0 41.6 41.8
Transport equipment 6.6 5.9 6.3 8.4 2.4 2.2 2.4 3.4 36.1 37.1 38.3 39.9
Other manufacturing
industries3.8 5.0 5.8 6.7 1.9 2.4 2.7 3.2 50.8 48.2 47.3 47.7
TOTAL 65.1 76.7 86.8 96.5 24.2 29.2 32.6 37.2 37.1 38.0 37.5 38.6
Source: Government ofThailand, National Economic andSocial Development Board.Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 163
Table AV.6
Merchandise imports andexports ofThailand by4-digit ISIC category, 1991-94
(US$ million)
ISIC
CodeDescription1991 1992 1993 1994
Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports
TOTAL 34,232 25,828 37,306 29,781 42,578 34,438 51,056 42,111
1 Agriculture, hunting, forestry
&fishing1,122 1,671 1,159 1,942 1,002 1,938 1,269 2,564
1110 Agricultural andlivestock
production807 1,292 800 1,539 694 1,512 855 2,081
1210 Forestry 10 24 10 27 12 30 13 33
1220 Logging 267 0 285 0 233 0 294 0
1301 Ocean andcoastal fishing 30 324 53 350 51 372 93 419
1302 Fishing notelsewhere classified 8 30 11 26 11 24 15 31
2 Mining &quarrying 2,516 529 2,446 487 2,704 604 3,161 727
2100 Coalmining 19 0 19 0 37 0 54 0
2200 Crude petroleum andnatural
gasproduction1,480 0 1,745 0 1,805 0 2,136 0
2301 Ironoremining 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
2302 Non-ferrous oremining 16 16 22 5 30 4 38 6
2901 Stone quarrying, clayandsand
pits27 13 38 15 39 18 45 17
2902 Chemical andfertilizer mineral
mining4 10 6 8 9 7 7 5
2903 Saltmining 1 4 0 5 0 6 2 6
2909 Mining andquarrying not
elsewhere classified971 488 617 454 784 569 876 693
3 Manufacturing 30,594 23,628 33,700 27,352 38,872 31,896 46,626 38,821
3111 Slaughtering, preparing,
preserving meat168 439 176 471 202 438 180 503
3112 Manufacture ofdairy products 162 12 226 15 210 20 253 34
3113 Canning, preserving fruitand
vegetables17 1,569 26 1,766 27 1,470 35 1,296
3114 Canning, preserving fish,
crustacea etc.985 2,548 840 2,702 684 3,012 598 3,736
3115 Manufacture ofvegetable and
animal oilsandfats205 14 281 10 345 10 419 16
3116 Grain millproducts 27 112 33 132 33 126 33 156
3117 Manufacture ofbakery products 1 41 2 53 3 69 4 90
3118 Sugar factories andrefineries 0 29 0 23 0 11 0 22
3119 Manuf. ofcocoa, chocolate,
sugar confectionery12 51 16 61 17 67 26 82
3121 Food products n.e.s. 99 223 125 259 145 260 172 363
3122 Manuf. ofprepd. animal feeds 40 178 54 182 74 197 80 200
3131 Distilling, rectifying, blending
spirits146 7 123 5 142 6 138 7
3132 Wine industries 6 2 7 2 8 3 9 4
3133 Maltliquors andmalt 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7
3134 Softdrinks, carbonated water
industries0 6 0 13 0 30 0 54
3140 Tobacco manufacturing 17 1 28 3 38 2 31 4
3211 Spinning, weaving, finalising
textiles761 893 893 1,002 957 1,073 1,002 1,295
Table AV.6 (cont'd)WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 164
ISIC
CodeDescription1991 1992 1993 1994
Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports
3212 Manufacture oftextile goods
excl. weaving apparel14 181 23 204 25 214 30 216
3213 Knitting mills 131 1,295 169 1,361 187 1,345 203 1,355
3214 Manuf. ofcarpets andrugs 3 17 3 20 4 27 6 28
3215 Cordage, ropeandtwine
industries7 42 9 47 8 55 10 65
3219 Manufacture oftextiles n.e.s. 160 17 185 25 197 39 190 82
3220 Manufacture ofwearing apparel 40 2,313 31 2,325 33 2,727 42 3,018
3231 Tanneries andleather finishing 180 106 240 138 244 170 273 228
3232 Furdressing anddyeing
industries3 0 8 1 10 1 11 2
3233 Manufacture ofleather products
excl. footwear10 375 15 417 13 458 15 532
3240 Manufacture offootwear 32 368 38 397 40 403 50 381
3311 Sawmills andwoodmills 388 88 472 93 538 116 687 141
3312 Wooden casecontainers and
can...1 8 1 7 1 7 2 8
3319 Wood andcorkproducts 3 112 4 131 4 147 5 172
3320 Manuf. offurniture &fixtures
except ofmetal11 390 12 455 15 559 20 668
3411 Manuf. ofpulp, paper,
paperboard347 33 365 41 413 50 467 95
3412 Manuf. ofcontainers &boxes
ofpaper &board13 5 16 7 15 11 20 15
3419 Manuf. ofpulp, paper,
paperboard n.e.s.131 18 187 25 207 25 266 44
3420 Printing, publishing &allied
industries77 21 74 27 83 50 98 116
3511 Manuf. ofbasic indus.
chemicals excl. fertilizer1,552 119 1,778 150 1,990 154 2,438 148
3512 Manuf. offertilizer &
pesticides515 15 625 12 661 12 667 16
3513 Manuf. ofresins, plastics &
man-made fibres959 315 1,196 307 1,227 401 1,564 549
3521 Manuf. ofpaints, varnishes,
lacquers115 9 150 27 143 91 163 130
3522 Manuf. ofdrugs andmedicines 316 79 400 102 415 135 477 150
3523 Manuf. ofsoap, cleaning
agents, perfumes etc.101 66 123 57 144 67 162 88
3529 Manuf. ofchemical prods n.e.s. 437 114 496 142 705 174 977 257
3530 Petroleum refineries 826 52 657 77 667 122 608 94
3540 Manuf. ofmiscell. petroleum &
coalproducts17 0 17 0 19 0 26 0
3551 Tyre andtubeindustries 27 104 32 141 40 166 49 192
3559 Manuf. ofrubber prods n.e.s. 107 332 148 375 180 471 224 890
3560 Manuf. ofplastic prods n.e.s. 298 273 426 341 467 980 617 721
3610 Pottery andchina 29 138 36 176 64 224 45 269
3620 Manuf. ofglass andglass prods 116 84 139 313 165 154 216 174
3691 Manuf. ofstructural clayprods 32 41 29 52 36 45 38 47
3692 Manuf. ofcement, lime&
plaster370 2 167 5 1 85 6 113
3699 Manuf. ofnon-metallic mineral
products n.e.s.84 20 104 23 118 35 138 46
Table AV.6 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 165
ISIC
CodeDescription1991 1992 1993 1994
Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports
3710 Ironandsteelbasic industries 1,838 114 2,187 112 2,273 174 2,580 201
3720 Non-ferrous metal basic
industries944 86 1,035 99 1,216 86 1,586 128
3811 Manuf. ofcutlery, hand tools,
general hardware146 53 172 65 192 79 232 102
3812 Manuf. ofmetal furniture and
fixtures11 28 13 34 15 37 19 40
3813 Manuf. ofstructural metal
products150 100 144 88 110 79 111 119
3819 Manuf. offabricated metal
products n.e.s.320 211 375 252 506 605 659 428
3821 Manuf. ofengines andturbines 33 1 56 6 69 6 75 7
3822 Manuf. ofagricultural
machinery andequipment114 5 115 4 129 7 156 6
3823 Manuf. ofmetal &wood
working machinery930 64 865 69 1,212 87 1,378 113
3824 Manuf. ofspecial industrial
mach. &equipment2,378 121 2,209 108 2,334 156 2,865 175
3825 Manuf. office, computing,
accounting machinery1,279 1,952 1,577 2,358 1,684 2,703 2,299 3,952
3829 Machinery &equipment excl.
electrical n.e.s.2,427 753 2,400 924 2,817 1,091 3,287 1,434
3831 Manuf. ofelectrical indus.
machi. &apparatus1,322 248 1,331 341 2,063 690 2,134 1,022
3832 Manuf. ofradio, T.V. &
communications equip.3,197 2,857 3,827 3,631 4,665 4,115 6,508 5,620
3833 Manuf. ofelectrical appliances
&housewares56 189 68 226 75 225 89 242
3839 Manuf. ofelectrical apparatus
&supplies n.e.s.480 427 567 521 698 678 953 874
3841 Shipbuilding &repairing 119 11 99 29 133 22 210 46
3842 Manuf. ofrailroad equipment 30 125 25 135 100 131 13 86
3843 Manufacture ofmotor vehicles 2,324 141 2,693 119 3,707 345 4,292 531
3844 Manuf. ofmotorcycles and
bicycles165 56 192 110 246 205 290 289
3845 Manufacture ofaircraft 52 5 993 81 836 231 857 416
3849 Manuf. oftransport equip.
n.e.s.4 6 14 11 14 23 12 19
3851 Professional scientific &
measuring equip. n.e.s.439 105 477 142 567 234 762 221
3852 Manuf. ofphotographic &
optical goods97 113 144 217 206 303 272 424
3853 Manuf. ofwatches andclocks 268 297 270 336 280 288 261 391
3901 Manufacture ofjewellery and
related articles1,010 1,019 159 1,097 172 1,172 144 1,209
3902 Manuf. ofmusical instruments 17 6 20 10 22 13 25 40
3903 Manuf. ofsporting &athletic
goods32 529 36 627 40 697 49 823
3909 Manufacturing industries n.e.s. 316 725 438 878 525 899 719 946
4000 Electrical energy ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 0
Source: Thaiauthorities.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 166
Table AV.7
Quantitative restraints imposed onThai textile exports, 1995
(Volume, percentage increase, percentage quota utilization)
Category Description Unit 1994 Limit Growth
United States
Group II Allapparel excat.239 sme 220,382,880 6
200 Yarn forretail sale,sewing thread kg. 893,262 6
218 Fabrics ofyarns ofdifferent colours m2 15,000,000 5
219 Duck fabric m2 4,764,064 6
239 Babies 'garm. andcloth. access. kg. 4,700,000 6
300 Carded cotton yarn kg. 3,575,048 6
301 Combed yarn<85%cotton kg. 3,575,048 6
301 Combed yarn>85%cotton kg. 714,610 6
313 Cotton sheeting fabric m2 16,674,224 6
314 Cotton poplin andbroadcloth fabric m2 38,112,512 6
315 Cotton printcloth fabric m2 23,820,320 6
317/326 Cotton twills andsateens m2 10,000,000 6
331/631 Cotton andMMF gloves andmittens dpr 1,300,130 6
334/634 MandBcotton andMMF othcoats doz 464,496 6
335/635/835 WandGcotton, MMF andSBOV coats doz 369,215 6
336/636 Cotton andMMF dresses doz 238,203 6
338/339 Cotton knitshirts andblouses doz 1,574,810 4
340 MandBcotton shirts, notknit doz 214,383 6
341/641 WandGcotandMMF bls/shirts notknit doz 506,182 6
342/642 Cotton andMMF skirts doz 440,676 6
345 Cotton sweaters doz 226,293 6
347/348/847 Cot/s/veg trousers/slacks andshorts doz 622,306 6
351/651 CotandMMF nightwear andpyjamas doz 178,652 6
359/659 --Headwear only, cotton andMMF kg. 1,045,016 6
363 Cotton terry andother piletowels nos 15,483,208 6
369 --Cotton shoptowels only kg. 238,203 6
369 --Cotton dishtowels kg. 170,316 6
433 MandBsuit-type coats, wool doz 9,181 1
434 Other MandBwool coats doz 11,333 1
435 WandGwool coats doz 51,500 1
438 Wool knitshirts/blouses doz 17,000 1
442 Wool skirts doz 19,741 1
604 Yarn >85% synthetic staple fibre kg. 557,315 6
604 --Plied acrylic spunyarnonly kg. 357,305 6
607 Other staple fibreyarn kg. 2,382,032 6
611 Woven fabric >85% Artif. stple. m2 12,363,612 1
613/614/615 MMF sheet/poplin andbrdcloth/prtclth m2 36,000,000 6
613/615 MMF sheeting /printcloth m2 20,961,882 6
614 MMF poplin andbroadcloth fabric m2 20,961,882 6
617 MMF twillandsateen fabric m2 13,00,000 6
619 Polyester filament fabric m2 5,359,572 6
620 Other synthetic filament fabric m2 5,359,572 6
625/6/7/8/9 MMF stap/fil combination fabric m2 10,500,000 6
625 MMF poplin andbroadclth stapl/fil m2 8,337,112 6
638/639 MMF knitshirts andblouses doz 1,856,026 4
640 MandBMMF shirts notknit doz 393,035 6
645/646 MMF sweaters doz 238,203 6
647/648 MMF trousers/slacks andshorts doz 848,003 6
669 --Woven M-MF bagsonly kg. 5,023,900 6
European Uniona
Group IA
1 Cotton yarn, notputupforretail sale tonnes 16,274 3
2 Woven fabrics ofcotton tonnes 11,981 3
Table AV.7 (cont'd)Thailand WT/TPR/S/9
Page 167
Category Description Unit 1994 Limit Growth
European Union (cont'd)
ofwhich 2A Other thanunbleached orbleached tonnes 3,127 3
3bWoven fabrics ofsynthetic fibres tonnes 21,672 3
ofwhich 3AcOther thanunbleached orbleached tonnes 5,972 3
Group IB
4 Shirts, T-shirts, etc. 1,000 pieces 26,762 5
5 Jerseys, pullovers, etc. 1,000 pieces 18,879 5
6 Men'sorboy'swoven breeches, etc. 1,000 pieces 6,804 5
7
8Women 'sorgirl'sblouses, etc.
Menorboy'sshirts, etc.1,000 pieces
1,000 pieces6,369
4,0605
3.5
20 Bedlinen, other thanknitted orcrocheted tonnes 6,593 6
22 Yarn orstaple orwaste synthetic fibres tonnes 3,133 6
Group IIB
12 Panty-hose andtights, etc. 1,000 pairs 20,867 6
21 Parkas, anoraks, windcheaters, etc. 1,000 pieces 8,370 6
24dNight shirts, pyjamas, etc. 1,000 pieces 4,615 6
26 Women 'sorgirl'sdresses 1,000 pieces 4,864 6
73 Track suits 1,000 pieces 2,756 6
Group IIIB
10 Gloves andmittens, knitted orcrocheted 1,000 pairs 17,138 7
97 Netsandnetting, etc. tonnes 1,453 6
ofwhich 97AeFinenets tonnes 1,233 6
Canada
1.1 Coats 121,080 6
1.1,1.2 Coats, jackets 1,069,571 6
2.0 Winter outerwear 120,732 6
3.2 Male'scasual andfinewear, ensembles 259,296 6
4.0 Female casual andfinewear 1,133,340 6
5.0 Trousers, overalls andshorts 1,876,342 6
6.0 Tailored collar shirts, MBC 804,878 6
7.0,8.0 Woven shirts, blouses andsimilar articles; athletic
wear, etc.2,384,958 6
7.0,8.1 Woven shirts, etc.; k/cshirts, blouses andsimilar
articles1,207,353 6
8.4 Athletic wear 135,811 6
9.0 Underwear 1,475,710 6
10.0 Sleepwear andbathrobes 645,224 6
11.0 Sweaters 1,326,294 6
12.0 Swimwear 866,158 6
14.0 Babies 'garments 896,848 6
34.0 Nylon fabric 132,986 6
34.2 Nylon fabric, finished 51,066 6
42.1 Toilet andkitchen linen 434,825 6
43.0 Hosiery 3,724,962 6
Norway
1 Outer garments ofwoven materialfpieces 95,000 4.5
2 Outer garments ofwoven materialgpieces 205,000 4.5
7 Bedlinen kg. 25,000 4.5
70 Knotted netting, fishing nets, etc. kg. 142,000 2.0
a Adjusted amount agreed between theParties intheamended bilateral agreement for1994 totakeintoaccount the
enlargement oftheEuropean Community.
b Includes cotton fabric falling within category 2.
c Includes cotton fabric other thanunbleached orbleached falling within category 2a.
d Thequantitative limits donotcover products falling within CN-codes 61072100 and61072200.
e Finenets(CN-codes 5608 1119 and5608 1199).
f Jackets, tailored jackets, blazers, waistcoats, sports jackets (including parts ofskisuits), anoraks andsimilar garments,
parkas, one-piece suitsandthelike,alsoasparts ofsuits, setsandcostumes (boys andgirlswithheight above 152cm).
g Trousers, slacks, jeans, breeches, andthelike(including bibandbrace overalls), other thanswimwear andshorts, alsoas
parts ofsuitsandsets(boys andgirlswithheight above 152cm).
Source: WTO documents G/TMB/N/60, 61,62,and63,dated 19April, 1995, and62a1, dated 27June1995.WT/TPR/S/9 Trade Policy Review
Page 168
Table AV.8
Occupations closed toaliens under theRoyal Decree of1979
1. Labour
2. Work inagriculture, animal breeding, forestry orfishery, orfarmsupervision (excluding specialized work)
3. Masonry, carpentry orother construction work
4. Wood carving
5. Driving ofmotor vehicles ornon-motorized carriers, except piloting international aircraft
6. Shop attendant
7. Auctioneering
8. Supervising, auditing orgiving services inaccountancy except occasional internal auditing
9. Haircutting, hairdressing, andbeautician work
11. Hand weaving
12. Matweaving orfabrication ofwares from reed, rattan, kenaf, straw orbamboo pulp
13. Manual fibrous paper fabrication
14. Lacquerware fabrication
15. Thaimusical instrument fabrication
16. Nielloware fabrication
17. Goldsmith, silversmith, orother precious metalwork
18. Bronzeware fabrication
19. Thaidollfabrication
20. Mattress orpadded blanket fabrication
21. Alms bowl fabrication
22. Manual silkproduct fabrication
23. Buddha image fabrication
24. Knife fabrication
25. Paper forumbrella fabrication
26. Shoemaking
27. Hatmaking
28. Brokerage oragency work, except ininternational businesses
29. Civil engineering work involving designing, drawing orestimating, andconstruction supervision oradvisory work, except
work requiring specialized skills
30. Architectural work involving designing, drawing orestimating, andconstruction supervision oradvisory work
31. Dressmaking
32. Pottery orceramics
33. Manual cigarette rolling
34. Tourist guide ortourorganizing agency
35. Hawking business
36. Thaicharacter type-setting
37. Manual silkreeling andweaving
38. Clerical orsecretarial work
39. Legal orlitigation services.
Source: Thaiauthorities.