RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
3April 1995
ORGANIZATION(95-0781)
Original: English Negotiating Group onMaritime Transport Services
COMMUNICATION FROM INDONESIA
Response toQuestionnaire onMaritime Transport Services
Thefollowing communication iscirculated attherequest ofIndonesia tomembers ofthe
Negotiating Group onMaritime Transport Services.
_______________S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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I. Market structure
Vessels
1. Structure ofthenationally-owned oroperated fleet1993.
STRUCTURE OFNATIONALLY-OWNED OROPERATED FLEET
Types ofVessel Number ofVessels Dead Weight Tonnage
National flag Foreign flag National flag2Foreign flag
OilTankers 13 1 33.704 6.550
Liquified GasCarriers - - - -
Chemical Tankers 1 7 3.990 32.660
Combination Carriers - - - -
Ore/Bulk Carriers 18 9 114.704 60.301
General Cargo 10 - 81.135 -
Container Ships 14 - 221.678 -
Refrigerated Carriers - - - -
Specialized Cargo - - - -
Ro-Ro - - - -
Ferries andPassenger - - - -
Other 2 - 23.378 -
AllVessels 58 17 478.589 99.511
1Vessels of1,000 Grtandabove, excluding fishing andother non-commercial vessels.
2Where applicable, separate datashould beprovided onvessels andtonnage registered under second orinternational registers.
Trade
2. (a) Total international trade in1993 isasfollows:
Total (inthousand tons) : 215.432
Value (inmillion US$) : 65.151 US$
(b) Carried bysea:
Total (inthousand tons) : 214.251 tons
Value (inmillion US$) : 61.902 US$
(c) Therespective percentage shares:
Total : 99.5%
Value : 95%S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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3. Total international trade carried byseain1993 isasfollows:
(a) Export (inthousand tons) : 176.424
Value (inmillion US$) : 35.243 US$
(b) Import (inthousand tons) : 37.827
Value (inmillion US$) : 26.659 US$
4. Total international trading carried bynational-flag vessels in1993 isasfollows:
(a) Liner : volume (inthousand tons) : 4.671
value (inmillion US$) : notavailable
(b) Bulk : volume (inthousand tons) : 2.548
value (inmillion US$) : notavailable
5. Dataconcerning cross-trading carried bynational flagvessels arenotavailable.
Organization ofCargo
6. International trade in1993 carried by:
Volume
(000tons)Value
(million US$)
(a) Liner shipping 20.739 notavailable
(b) Drybulkshipping 35.616 notavailable
(c) Liquid bulkshipping 106.590 notavailable
(d) General cargo byother vessels 51.306 notavailable
7. Share ofliner shipping which iscarried byconferences andconsortia in1993 isas
follows:
Volume
(000tons)Value
(million US$)
(a) Liner shipping 20.739 notavailable
(b) Conferences andConsortia 7.989 notavailable
Share ofConference andconsortia 38.5%
8. ShareofconferenceshippingtowhichtheUnitedNationsCodeofConductforLinerConferences
applies in1993 isasfollows:
(a) volume : 33.8%
(b) value : notavailable
9. Nil,because wehavenobilateral agreement withothercountries oncargo sharing arrangement.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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10. Share oflinerwhich wascontainerized cargo in1993 isapproximately 70percentofliner
cargo.
11. Dataisnotavailable.
Ports andAuxiliary Services
12. (a) Thetotalporttraffic forinternational trade cargoes is214,251,000 T/M3.
(b) Theinternational trade porttraffic inthemajor national ports isasfollows:S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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Port Export (000T) Import (000T)
1. Lhokseumawe 27.6 758.1
2. Arun - 18,711.4
3. Belawan 1,582.2 3,528.1
4. Padang 10.6 1,492.2
5. Dumai 169.3 17,884.6
6. P.Sambu 146.4 4,305.4
7. Tg.Balai Karimun - 4,759.8
8. Kijang - 1,823.0
9. Tg.Uban 300.8 2,709.8
10. BatuAmpar - 47,031.0
11. Pasir Panjang - 2,673.4
12. Palembang 126.7 745.8
13. Plaju 86.3 569.1
14. Cigading 3,557.9 259.2
15. Kota Agung 501.8 -
16. Panjang 6,362.7 1,288.0
17. Tg.Priok 12,577.8 10,463.2
18. Indramayu 2 818.3
19. Semarang 518.5 665.6
20. Cilacap 872.0 815.4
21. Surabaya 5,021.8 3,064.8
22. Pontianak 63.5 940.2
23. Banjarmasin 52.2 2,618.2
24. Kotabaru 32.5 2,611.3
25. Samarinda 57.8 3,995.3
26. Tg.Santan 2.9 2,466.1
27. Tg.Sangatta 13.3 8,587.5
28. Balikpapan 1,118.4 1,611.1
29. Bontang 7.4 13,203.5
30. Ujung Pandang 375.3 432.8
31. Malili 262 43.8
32. Ternate 4 1,202.1
33. Amamapare 228.8 881.0
TOTAL 34,083.5
(90.1%)162,959.1
(92.4%)
National 37,827
(100%)170,424
(100%)S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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(c) Share ofthroughput ofitem(a)which iscontainerized isasfollows
volume : 1,922.724 TEUs = 19.496 (000tons)
share : 9.1%
Note: Among 33ports mentioned above only21ports serve container traffic.
13. Indications whether foreign suppliers arepresent inthemarket ascompared tonational suppliers
intheportauxiliary services could beexplained asfollows:
Foreign Suppliers
(a) Container station anddepot services None
(b) Maritime Agency Services None
(c) Maritime Freight Forwarding Services None
(d) Maritime Cargo Handling Services None
(e) Storage andWarehousing Services None
(f) Customs Clearance Services None
(g) Maintenance andRepair ofVessels Yes
14. There arenowholly-owned foreign suppliers present inthemarket ascompared to
national suppliers operating intheinland movement bytruck, railorwater ofinternational waterborne
trade cargoes.
II. Regulatory structure
General
1. TheinstitutionalarrangementsapplyingtotheinternationalmaritimetransportsectorinIndonesia
istheMinistry ofCommunications c.q.Directorate General ofSeaCommunication.
Measures arespecific tomaritime transport sub-sector.
2. Theregulation applied tobulkshipping isActofNo.21Yearof1992onShipping, Article 76.
Article 76regulated thatinternational seaborne trade cargoes canbecarried byIndonesian Shipping
Companies aswellasForeign Shipping Companies.
3. Theregulations applied tolinershipping are:
(a) Similar topoint 2.above.
(b) Presidential Decree No.40Year of1976 onratification oftheUnited Nations
Convention onCode ofConduct forLiner Conferences.
4. (a) There isnospecific measures applied tomultimodal transport operation inIndonesia.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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(b) Inpractice, there arenorestrictions ontheability ofmultimodal transport operators,
general bulkshipping lines, shippers andintermediaries torentorleasetrucks, railways
carriages, orbarges andrelated equipment forthepurpose ofinland forwarding of
cargoes.
5. Theportmanagement ofpublic ports mustbeundertaken byPublic Corporate, according to
Shipping ActNo.21Year of1992, Article 26.Private company canundertake auxiliary services
activitiesintheportareassubjecttolicenceissuedbyGovernment.Regulatoryappliedtotheundertaking
ofauxiliary services activities byprivate persons inportareas isreferred totheActNo.21Year1992
onShipping (particularly Article 71paragraph 2).
6. Thenational definition ofwhatisunderstood by"international maritime transport" ismaritime
transportation activities transporting passenger, cargo andlivestock from/to Indonesian ports to/from
foreign ports, excluding itsauxiliary services inportarea.
7. Thenational definition ofwhatisunderstood by"national shipping enterprise" isashipping
enterprise owned byIndonesian legalentities established under theIndonesian lawsandregulations.
Market Access
8. (a) Nolimiting access forthisitem.
(b) Nolimiting access forthisitem.
(c) Nolimiting access forthisitem.
(d) According totherelevant measures, inprinciple, there isnolimitation onthetotal
number offoreign natural person thatmaybeemployed inthemaritime sector orthat
amaritime transport services suppliers mayemploy, intheform ofnumerical quota
ortherequirement ofaneconomic needs testprovided thattheKeyPersonnel employed
inrelation toacommercial presence ofthejointventure company.
KeyPersonnels aredirector andmanager.
9. Thecommercial presence foracompany supplying maritime transport services arerequired
toestablish jointventure company.
10. Yes,GovernmentRegulationNo.20,Yearof1994onForeignInvestmentstatingthatmaximum
shares offoreign capital is95percent.
11. (a) Therighttoflynational flagisgranted onlytovessels owned byIndonesian Citizens
orIndonesian Legal entities.
(b) None
(c) Yes,theyinvolve licensing permit requirement relating totypeofcommercial presence
intermofjointventure company.
National Treatment
12. (a) None
(b) NoneS/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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Access toandUseofPortFacilities
13. - Pilotage isavailable onlyin44compulsory pilotage ports.
- Towing andtugassistance, isalsoavailable in44compulsory pilotage ports.
- Provisioning, fuelling andwatering areavailable inmost ofmajor ports.
- Garbage collecting andballast waste disposal areavailable inseveral ports provided
bypublic portcorporation orprivate sector.
- Navigation Aidsareavailable inseveral ports.
- Shore based operational services essential toshipoperations including communications,
water andelectrical supplies areavailable inmajor ports provided bypublic port
corporation.
- Emergency repair facilities areavailable inmajor ports arranged byprivate sector.
- Anchorage berthandberthing services areavailable inthemajority ofIndonesian ports.
14. Pilotage ismandatory forsome ports listed asmandatory pilotage ports.
15. Allservices listed above areavailable onanon-discrimination basis.
16. (a) None.
(b) None.
17. No.
18. (a) Nil.
(b) Nil.
19. None.
Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment
20. None.
21. None (seeanswer number 20).
22. (a) Yes.
(b) None, theCode'scargo sharing provisions areapplied onthebasisofnegotiation among
members oftheconference.
23. Nothing.
24. Nothing.
25. Nothing.
26. Nothing.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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Government Procurement
27. (a) Wedohavemeasures relating toaccess togovernment cargoes.
(b) Theregulations arePresidential Decree No.18ofYear 1982 regarding thecarriage
ofcargoes owned bygovernment andJoint Decree Minister ofTrade andMinister
ofFinance No.775/KPB/V/85 andNo.516/KMK.01/1985.
Themain contents oftheregulations mentioned above statethatcargo owned by
government from foreign toIndonesia vv.must becarried byvessels operated by
National Shipping Company. Thedefinition ofcargo owned bygovernment isas
follows:
- ProjectcargoesfinancedbyGovernmentBudgetwhethercentrallyorregionally.
- Cargoes financed byGovernment Loan from abroad.
- Cargoes owned bystateOwned Company orRegional Owned company for
investment purposes.
ExamplesofcargoownedbyGovernmentsuchasfertilizerfinancebyloan,locomotives
imported forState Owned Railways Company, cargo project forthedevelopment of
anairport, etc.
Note: Those measures willbeadjusted according toGATS provision related to
government procurement.
28. Yes,theprocurement ofmaritime transport auxiliary services isregulated inActNo.21Year
of1992 onShipping.
According toArticle 71,paragraph 2oftheActmentioned above, maritime transport auxiliary
services must beheldbyIndonesian Company orcitizen byhaving licence issued byGovernment.
Competition Law
29. Wehavenoanti-trust lawsinmaritime sector.
Shipping Conferences
30. (a) Conferences areclosed conferences. Thismeans thatadmission ofnewmembers must
havetheapproval oftheexisting members.
(b) Anymember linemaywithdraw from theConference bygiving sixcalendar month
written intention towithdraw totheother member lines. Nopenalty isincurred for
withdrawing from theConference.
31. (a) Conferences agreements arerequired tobenotified toDirectorate General ofSea
Communications.
(b) Theentity (Directorate General ofSeaCommunications) isnotinvolved inopposing
agreements orwithdrawing anexemption.
32. Tariffs applied byconferences arerequired tobenotified butthemonitoring entity doesnot
havepower toensure orenforce thetariffs which havebeennotified.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.14
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33. No.
34. No.
Shipper/Carrier Relations
35. Therelation between shippers andcarriers isarranged directly bybothparties.
36. Consultation between shippers andcarriers onmatters ofcommon interest areundertaken on
acase-by-case basis between thetwoparties without anyGovernment involvement.