GENERAL AGREEMENT GATS/SC/19
15April 1994
ONTRADE INSERVICES (94-1017)
CHINA
Schedule ofSpecific Commitments
(This isauthentic inEnglish only)
____________________CHINA -SCHEDULE OFSPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
ALL SECTORS INCLUDED
INTHIS SCHEDULE
3) Theproportion oftheforeign joint
venturer 'sinvestment inanequity joint
venture shall be,ingeneral, nolessthan
25percentoftheregistered capital ofthe
equity joint venture
Theestablishment offoreign-capital
enterprises shall berestricted inthe
following sectors andsubsectors, and
application fortheestablishment ofa
foreign-capital enterprise inthese sectors
shall besubmitted totheMinistry of
Foreign Trade andEconomic Cooperation
(MOFTEC) forapproval:
a)public utilities,
b)communications andtransportation,
c)realestate,
d)trust investment, and
e)leasing.
Noestablishment offoreign-capital
enterprises shall bepermitted inthe
following sectors andsubsectors:
GATS/SC/19
Page1CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page2
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
a)thepress, publication, broadcasting,
television andmovies;
b)postandtelecommunications; and
c)other sectors inwhich the
establishment offoreign-capital
enterprises isforbidden, asprescribed
bytheChinese Government.
ThelandinthePeople 'sRepublic ofChina
isstate-owned. Useoflandbyenterprises
andindividuals issubject tothefollowing
maximum term limitations:
a)70years forresidential purposes;
b)50years forindustrial purposes;
c)50years forthepurpose ofeducation,
science, culture, public health and
physical education;
d)40years forcommercial, tourist and
recreational purposes;
e)50years forcomprehensive utilization
orother purposes.
4) Unbound except formeasures concerning
theentry andtemporary stayofanatural
person whofallintooneofthefollowing
categories:4) Unbound except forthecategories of
natural persons referred tounder market
accessCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
a)Managers, executives andspecialists
defined assenior employees ofa
corporation ofaMember totheGATS
thathasestablished abranch or
subsidiary intheterritory ofthe
People 'sRepublic ofChina,
temporarily moving asintracorporate
transferees, shall bepermitted entry
foraninitial period ofoneyear'sstay
without requiring compliance with
labour market test. Upon theexpiry,
thetemporary staymay, ifnecessary,
beextended toatotalperiod not
exceeding fiveyears.
b)Managers, executives andspecialists
ofnationalities ofother Members of
theGATS, being engaged inthe
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures
andforeign-capital enterprises inthe
territory ofthePeople 'sRepublic of
China, forconducting business within
thescope asstipulated inthecontracts
concerned, shall begranted entry and
aonetofiveyears long-term stay
permit.
GATS/SC/19
Page3CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page4
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
c)Service salespersons -persons not
based intheterritory ofthePeople 's
Republic ofChina andreceiving no
remuneration from asource located
within China, andwhoareengaged in
activities related torepresenting a
service provider forthepurpose of
negotiating forthesaleoftheservices
ofthatprovider where: a)such sales
arenotdirectly made tothegeneral
public; andb)thesalesperson isnot
engaged insupplying theservice.
Entry forsalespersons islimited toa
ninety-day period.
Allother requirements ofChinese
laws andregulations regarding entry
andtemporary stayofaliens shall
continue toapplyCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
II. SECTOR-SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
1. BUSINESS SERVICES
A. Professional Services
b) Accounting, auditing and
bookkeeping services
(CPC 862)1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) Foreign accounting firms which meet the
following conditions arepermitted to
establish branch offices orcontractual joint
venture accounting firms inthe
economically developed areas1ofChina:
a)withprofessional personnel noless
than200; and
b)withannual business income notless
thanUS$20million.1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) Foreign accountants 'auditing reports shall
bevalid forthecompetent authorities of
China providing thattheyobtain thetitles
ofChinese CPA
Theforeign professional staffmembers
employed byabranch office ora
contractual joint venture accounting firm
must holdtheCPA orequivalent titles of
their home countries
Thetotal number ofthiskindofforeign
accounting firms providing services in
China shall notexceed 15
1 Economically developed areas refers totheSpecial Economic Zones: Shenzhen, Xiamen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Hainan: andthefollowing cities: Shenyang,
Dalian, Dandong, Yingkou, Jinzhou, Anshan, Liaoyang, Panjin, Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Cangzhou, Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Weifang, Zibo,
Nangtong, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Huzhou,
Shaoxing, Jiaxing, Zhoushan, Fuzhou, Zhangzhou, Quanzhou, Putian, Beihai, Wuzhou, Guangzhou, Fuoshan, Jiangmen, Zhanjiang, Zhaoqing, Huizhou,
Maoming, Shanwei, Yangjiang, Zhongshan, Dongguan, Qingyuan.
GATS/SC/19
Page5CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page6
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound excepted asindicated in
Horizontal Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
c) Taxation services
(CPC 8630)1) None
2) Unbound
3) Foreign accounting firms which meet the
following conditions maybepermitted to
establish branch offices intheeconomically
developed areas ofChina:
a)withprofessional personnel noless
than200; and
b)withannual business income notless
thanUS$20million1) None
2) Unbound
3) Thequalifications offoreign professionals
employed byarepresentative office shall
beexamined andrecognized bythe
Ministry ofFinance ofChina
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
d) Architectural services
(CPC 8671)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture or
contractual joint venture. Theforeign
venturers shall have tobecompetitive and
registered institutions intheir own
countries.1) Unbound
2) None
3) Registered architect inhisowncountryCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
e) Engineering services
(CPC 8672)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture or
contractual joint venture. Theforeign
venturers shall have tobecompetitive and
registered institutions intheir own
countries.
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) Registered engineer inhisowncountry
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
g) Urban planning
(excluding general urban
planning)
(CPC 8674)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
h) Medical anddental
services
(CPC 9312)1) Unbound
2) Unbound1) Unbound
2) Unbound
GATS/SC/19
Page7CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page8
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3) Foreign solely-owned hospital orclinics
(i.e.foreign-capital enterprises) arenot
permitted, butforeigners arepermitted to
establish equity joint venture orcontractual
joint venture hospitals orclinics with
Chinese partners withaquantitative
limitation inlinewithChina 'sneeds. Such
establishments must beapproved bythe
Ministry ofPublic Health andthe
MOFTEC3) Thetrialequity orcontractual joint venture
hospitals andclinics shall assume sole
responsibility forforeign exchange balance
ofpayments andforitsprofits orlosses.
Themajority ofthedoctors andmedical
personnel ofthejoint venture hospitals and
clinics shall beofChinese nationality.
4) Foreign doctors withprofessional
certificates issued byhome state shall be
permitted toprovide short-term medical
services inChina. Thelicence shall be
obtained from thehealth authorities at
provincial level. Theterm ofservice issix
months andmaybeextended tooneyear.
Formedical services, foreign doctors shall
submit thefollowing documents tothe
competent authorities: a)anapplication;
b)notarized educational résumé,
professional certificate andmore thanfive
years ofmedical experience asadoctor;
c)contracts withChinese medical
institutions.4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
CommitmentsCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B. Computer andRelated
Services
a) Consultancy services
related totheinstallation
ofcomputer hardware
(CPC 841)1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Qualifications required from thecertified
engineer areasfollows: Bachelor 'sdegree
orabove and5years ofexperience inthese
fields
b) Software implementation
services
(CPC 842)
- Systems andsoftware
consulting services
(CPC 8421)
- Systems analysis services
(CPC 8422)1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Qualifications required from thecertified
engineer areasfollows: Bachelor 'sdegree
orabove and5years ofexperience inthese
fields
GATS/SC/19
Page9CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page10
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Systems design services
(CPC 8423)
- Programming services
(CPC 8424)
- Systems maintenance
(CPC 8425)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Qualifications required from thecertified
engineer areasfollows: Bachelor 'sdegree
orabove and5years ofexperience inthese
fields
c) Data processing services
(CPC 843)
- Input preparation
services
(CPC 8431)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Qualifications required from thecertified
engineer areasfollows: Bachelor 'sdegree
orabove and3years ofexperience inthese
fields. Data entry operator shall beof
Chinese nationality.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Data processing and
tabulation services
(CPC 8432)
- Time-sharing services
(CPC 8433)1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Qualifications required from thecertified
engineer areasfollows: Bachelor 'sdegree
orabove and5years ofexperience inthese
fields
e) Maintenance andrepair
services ofoffice
machinery andequipment
including computers
(CPC 845)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture only1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Qualifications required from thecertified
engineer areasfollows: Bachelor 'sdegree
orabove and5years ofexperience inthese
fields
* Unbound duetolackoftechnical feasibility.
GATS/SC/19
Page11CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page12
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
D. Real Estate Services
a) Real estate services
involving ownorleased
property
(CPC 821)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture or
contractual joint venture only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
b) Real estate services ona
feeorcontract basis
(CPC 822)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Intheform ofequity joint venture
appraising company
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
F. Other Business Services
a) Advertising services
(CPC 871)1) Foreign enterprises orbusinessmen that
need release advertisement inChina shall
entrust their advertisement totheChinese
advertising agents possessing theright to
operate foreign advertisement1) UnboundCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
2) Foreign service providers whowant to
solicit advertisement from China shall
conduct advertising business through the
Chinese advertising agents possessing the
right tooperate foreign advertisement2) Unbound
3) Foreign service providers mayestablish
advertising companies inChina bywayof
Chinese-foreign equity joint venture or
contractual joint venture, subject tothe
following conditions: a)foreign partner
shall have thecapacity inproviding
advanced technology andequipment and
managerial experience; b)theforeign
partner must beanenterprise interms of
juridical person whose business ismainly
involved inadvertising services.
Foreign-capital advertising enterprises are
notpermitted.3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
GATS/SC/19
Page13CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page14
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
c) General management
consulting services
(CPC 86501)
Financial Management
Consulting Services
(CPC 86502)1) None
2) Unbound
3) Foreign accounting firms which meet the
following conditions maybepermitted to
establish branch offices intheeconomically
developed areas1ofChina andprovide
management consulting services:
a)withprofessional personnel noless
than200; and
b)withannual business income notless
thanUS$20 million1) None
2) Unbound
3) Thequalifications offoreign professionals
employed byarepresentative office shall
beexamined andrecognized bythe
Ministry ofFinance ofChina
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
1 Seefootnote onpage 5.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
e) Technical testing and
analysis services
(CPC 8676)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Foreign service providers arepermitted to
establish technical testing andanalysis
institutions orcompanies withChinese
partners intheform ofequity joint
ventures subject toapproval jointly bythe
MOFTEC andother competent authorities
inaccordance withtheChinese-foreign
equity joint venture law
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
f) Services incidental to
agriculture, forestry,
hunting andfishing
(CPC 881)1) None
2) None
3) Foreign service providers arepermitted to
establish service companies withChinese
partners intheform ofequity joint venture
subject toapproval jointly bytheMOFTEC
andother competent authorities in
accordance withtheprovisions ofthe
Chinese-foreign equity joint venture law1) None
2) Unbound
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
GATS/SC/19
Page15CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page16
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
m) Related scientific
technical consulting
services
(CPC 8675)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Foreign service providers arepermitted to
establish scientific andtechnical consulting
institutions orcompanies intheform of
equity joint venture subject toapproval
jointly bytheMOFTEC andother
competent authorities inaccordance with
theprovisions oftheChinese-foreign equity
joint venture law
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
- Offshore oilfield services
Geological, Geophysical
andother scientific
prospecting services
(CPC 86751)
Sub-surface surveying
services
(CPC 86752)1) None
2) None
3) Foreign contractors shall beregistered at
China 'sNational Administration of
Industry andCommerce. Forregistration,
thefollowing documents shall beproduced:1) Unbound
2) None
3) NoneCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
1)thedocument ofapproval issued by
theState Council orbyadepartment
authorized bytheState Council;
2)thecontract signed bytheforeign
contractor andChina 'sNational
corporation;
3)theforeign contractor 'scertificate for
legitimate business operation and
capital credit;
4)application signed bytheboard
chairman oftheforeign contractor (the
content oftheapplication includes
business range, name list,posts and
biographical notes ofmain resident
personnel inChina);
5)thelistofforeign undertakers, items
andcontent ofcontracted projects and
thelistofmain resident personnel in
China.
After verification andapproval ofthe
registration byChina 'sNational
Administration ofIndustry andCommerce,
abusiness licence shall beissued tothe
foreign contractor.
GATS/SC/19
Page17CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page18
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
- Onshore oilfield services 1) Unbound
2) Unbound1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) Inthedesignated areas approved bythe
Chinese Government2
Intheform ofpetroleum exploitation in
corporation withChina National Oiland
GasExploration &Development Corp.
(CNODC)3) Theforeign service provider shall furnish
CNODC accurately andpromptly withthe
report onthepetroleum operations, and
shall submit toCNODC thedataand
samples aswellasvarious technological,
economic, accounting andadministrative
reports related topetroleum operations.
2 Among these areas, theoiland/or gasfields being operated bytheChinese corporations shall beexcluded. Theeleven provinces andautonomous regions are
asfollows: Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province, Jiangxi Province, Hunan Province, Anhui Province, Guangdong Province, Fujian Province, Yunan Province,
Hubei Province, Hainan Province andGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Inorder tocarry outthepetroleum
contract, theforeign service provider shall
establish abranch orsubsidiary or
representative office within theterritory of
thePeople 'sRepublic ofChina andgo
through registration formalities in
accordance withthelaws. Thedomiciles of
thesaidoffices shall bedetermined through
consultation withCNODC.
Theforeign service provider shall open its
bank account withabank approved bythe
Chinese government authorities toengage
inforeign exchange business within the
Chinese territory.
Tomeet therequirements oftheBidding
Documents andModel Contract from the
Chinese side.
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
CommitmentsCNODC shall have theownership ofallof
thedatarecords, samples, vouchers and
other original information acquired during
theimplementation ofthepetroleum
operations.
Theforeign service provider shall use
appropriate andadvanced technology and
managerial experience, andshall have the
obligation totransfer itstechnology and
passonitsexperience totheChinese
personnel.
Theinvestment offoreign service provider
shall bemade inUSdollar orother hard
currency.
With regard topersonnel, materials,
equipment, facilities andservices required
inthepetroleum operations, priority shall
begiven totheemployment oftheChinese
subcontractors, provided thattheyare
competitive indelivery, time, price and
quality.
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
GATS/SC/19
Page19CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page20
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
n) Maintenance andrepair
ofequipment services
(CPC 886)1) None
2) None1) None
2) Unbound
3) Foreign service providers arepermitted to
establish maintenance companies with
Chinese partners intheform ofequity joint
venture subject toapproval jointly bythe
MOFTEC andother competent authorities
inaccordance oftheprovisions ofthe
Chinese-foreign equity joint venture law
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
t) Translation and
interpretation services
(CPC 87905)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Licence shall beobtained from theState
Bureau ofForeign Experts oftheP.R.C.
(SBFE) andother competent authorities
concerned1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Qualifications areasfollows: specified
years ofexperience intranslation or
interpretation andagood command ofthe
working language(s)CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3. CONSTRUCTION AND
RELATED
ENGINEERING
SERVICES
(CPC 511-518)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound1) Unbound
2) None
3) Subject toProvisional Measures onthe
Qualification ofForeign Enterprises in
Project Contraction inChina
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
5. EDUCATIONAL
SERVICES
(CPC 921)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Licence shall beobtained from theSBFE
andtheState Education Commission ofthe
P.R.C. (SEC)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Qualifications areasfollows: possession of
Master 'sdegree orabove, andan
appropriate professional title
(e.g. professor, senior engineer orlecturer
orabove, etc.)
GATS/SC/19
Page21CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page22
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
A. AllInsurance and
Insurance-Related
Services
(CPC 812)
a) Lifeinsurance3
b) Non-life insurance4
c) Reinsurance5
d) Services auxiliary to
insurance61) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) A.Two types offoreign insurance
institutions arepermitted inthecityof
Shanghai, China: thebranch ofa
foreign insurance company andthe
Chinese-foreign joint insurance
company1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) A.Requirements ofregistered capital and
guarantee funds:
-abranch ofaforeign insurance
company underwriting either life
insurance ornon-life insurance
shall payinasitsguarantee funds
US$4million orequivalent in
other convertible currencies tothe
branch ofthePeople 'sBank of
China inShanghai;
3 Thelifeinsurance service refers totheservice provided toforeign andChinese citizens whobearpayment ofpremiums bythemselves.
4 Thenon-lifeinsuranceservicereferstoanytypeofnon-lifeinsuranceofforeignenterprisesabroad,andpropertyinsurance,liabilityinsuranceofforeign-capitalenterprises
inChina.
5 Thereinsurance service refers tothatservice related tolifeinsurance andnon-life insurance.
6 Theinsurance brokerage andagency arenotincluded.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-abranch ofaforeign insurance
company underwriting bothlife
insurance andnon-life insurance
shall payinasitsguarantee funds
US$8million orequivalent in
other convertible currencies tothe
Branch ofthePeople 'sBank of
China inShanghai;
-theregistered capital ofa
Chinese-foreign joint insurance
company underwriting either life
ornon-life insurance shall be
US$20 million orequivalent in
other convertible currencies;
-theregistered capital ofa
Chinese-foreign joint insurance
company underwriting bothlife
insurance andnon-life insurance
shall beUS$40 million or
equivalent inother convertible
currencies;
-paid-in capital ofa
Chinese-foreign joint insurance
company shall benolessthan
50percentofitsregistered
capital;
GATS/SC/19
Page23CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page24
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-aChinese-foreign joint insurance
company must draw 25percent
ofthenetprofit after taxeach
yearasreserve funds until the
totalamount ofitspaid-in capital
plusreserve funds istwice asits
registered capital;
-aChinese-foreign joint insurance
company shall payin20percent
ofitspaid-in capital asits
guarantee funds tothebranch of
thePeople 'sBank ofChina in
Shanghai.
B. Qualifications forestablishing aforeign
insurance institution areasfollows:
-theinvestor shall beaforeign
insurance company withmore than30
years ofestablishment;
-itshall have arepresentative office of
over three consecutive years inChina;
-itshall have totalassets ofmore than
US$5billion attheendoftheyear
prior toapplicationB. Other regulations oninsurance business:
-requirement ofreinsurance: aforeign
insurance institution shall transact
30percentofitstotal insurance
business asreinsurance tothePeople 's
Insurance Company ofChina. The
responsibility foreach perilous unitin
non-life insurance underwritten bya
foreign insurance institution shall not
exceed 10percentofitstotal net
assets, theexceeded portion shall be
transacted asreinsurance toother
insurance institutions;CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-thebranch ofaforeign insurance
company andtheChinese-foreign joint
insurance company toengage inpart
orallofthefollowing investment
operations inChina:
-deposit inChinese financial
institutions;
-purchasing bonds issued bythe
government;
-purchasing bonds issued by
enterprises (notexceeding 10per
centofitstotal investment);
-purchasing financial bonds;
-trustlending inforeign currencies
(itshall have collateral or
guarantee bythefinancial
institutions, each unitofits
lending shall notexceed 5per
centofitstotal investment, the
whole sumofitslending shall not
exceed 30percentofitstotal
investments);
-equity investment (notexceeding
15percentofitstotal
investment);
GATS/SC/19
Page25CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page26
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-other business operations ratified
bythePeople 'sBank ofChina;
-senior managerial personnel ina
foreign insurance institutions shall
notconcurrently holdimportant
positions inother economic
organizations;
-aforeign insurance institution
shall appoint aregular accountant
andactuary, such appointment is
subject totheapproval bythe
branch ofthePeople 'sBank of
China inShanghai;
-theforeign insurance institution
shall notconduct thestatutory
insurance business
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
CommitmentsCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B. Banking andOther
Financial Services
(excluding insurance)
Banking services
- Acceptance ofnon-
resident deposit in
foreign currencies7
(CPC 81115-81119)
- Payment andmoney
transmission service
including credit, charge
anddebit cards,
travellers 'cheques and
banking drafts
(CPC 81339)1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) A.Resident representative office:
Theestablishment ofResident
Representative Offices inChina byforeign
financial institutions, including banks,
security companies, investment companies,
insurance companies, finance companies,
credit cardcompanies, andfinancial leasing
companies, shall beapproved bythe
People 'sBank ofChina1) Unbound
2) Unbound
3) A.Requirements ofregistered capital and
operating funds:
Theminimum registered capital ofa
foreign bank andaChinese-foreign joint
bank shall beUS$30million orequivalent
inother freely convertible currencies. The
minimum registered capital ofa
Chinese-foreign jointly owned finance
company andtotally foreign-owned finance
company shall beUS$20million or
equivalent inother convertible currencies.
Their paid-in capital shall benolessthan
50percentoftheir registered capital
7 a)Atthepresent stage, thefivetypes offoreign financial institutions arenotallowed totakedeposit from citizens residing inChina; buttheyonlytakedeposits
from "foreign-capital enterprises, equity jointventures andcontractual jointventures" andtheycanalsotakedeposits ofloans proceeds from Chinese enterprises
from which theyhave granted theloans.
b)Each deposit which aChinese-foreign joint finance company cantakeshall benolessthanUS$100,000 oritsequivalent inother convertible currencies fora
period ofatleast three months.
GATS/SC/19
Page27CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page28
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Lending inforeign
currencies8
(CPC 8113)
- Guarantees
(CPC 81199)Thescope ofwork ofarepresentative
office shall include consultancy, liaison,
market survey andother non-profit making
activities. Arepresentative office shall be
prohibited from undertaking, inthecourse
ofitswork, anyprofit-making activities.Aforeign bank branch shall beallocated by
itshead office asumofnolessthan
US$10million orequivalent inother
convertible currencies asitsoperating
funds
- Trading foraccount of
customers9
(CPC 81339, 81333)
- Custodial depository and
trustservice10
(CPC 8119 or81319)Within 30days from receipt ofthe
approval certificate issued bythePeople 's
Bank ofChina, afinancial institution ofthe
fivetypes must raise infullitspaid-in
capital oroperating funds tobeverified by
aChinese registered accountant whoshall
issue acertificate ofcapital verification
8 a)Loans toChinese citizens areexcluded.
b)Thefivetypes offoreign financial institutions arefreetogrant loans toforeign-capital enterprises, equity jointventures andcontractual jointventures, andtheir
lending toChinese enterprises aresubject totherules andregulations issued bytheState Administration ofExchange Control.
9 Excluding transferable securities andother negotiable instrument andfinancial assets inclusive ofbullion.
10 Custodial depository services areapplicable toforeign banks/branches offoreign banks/Chinese-foreign jointbanks; trustservices areapplicable toChinese-foreign
joint finance companies.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Aforeign bank, aChinese-foreign joint
bank, aChinese-foreign joint finance
company oratotally foreign-owned finance
company must draw 25percentofthenet
profit after taxeach yearasreserve until
thetotalamount ofitspaid-in capital plus
reserve funds istwice asitsregistered
capital
Aforeign branch bank must keep
25percentofitsafter-tax profit inChina
tosupplement itsoperating funds until the
keptprofit isequal toitsoperating funds
- Advisory andother
auxiliary financial
services (including credit
reference andanalysis
(CPC 8133, excluding
8131)B. Five types offoreign financial institutions
arepermitted toprovide services inChina.
They are:subsidiary ofaforeign bank,
branch ofaforeign bank, Chinese-foreign
joint bank, Chinese-foreign joint finance
company andtotally foreign-owned finance
company. Establishment ofthefivetypes
offoreign financial institutions arelimited
tothefollowing regions: Shanghai,
Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Hainan, Xiamen,
Shantou, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Tianjin,
Nanjing, Qingdao, Dalian andNingpoB. Other regulation onbanking business:
Thetotalamount ofloans andother
facilities granted byafinancial institution
ofthefivetypes toanyenterprise andits
related enterprise shall notbemore than
30percentofitspaid-in capital plustotal
reserves, unless otherwise specially
approved bythePeople 'sBank ofChina.
GATS/SC/19
Page29CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page30
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Provision andtransfer of
financial information data
processing andrelated
software byprovider of
financial services
(CPC 8131)Thetotalamount ofinvestment bya
financial institution ofthefivetypes shall
notbemore than30percentofitspaid-in
capital plusitstotal reserves. The
preceding sentence does notapply tothe
investments infinancial enterprises
approved bythePeople 'sBank ofChina.
Thetotalassets ofafinancial institution of
thefivetypes shall notbemore than
20times ofitspaid-in capital plustotal
reserves.
Afinancial institution ofthefivetypes
shall engage atlease oneChinese citizen as
itssenior managerial personnel. Senior
managerial personnel inafinancial
institution ofthefivetypes shall not
concurrently holdimportant positions in
other economic organizations.
Afinancial institution ofthefivetypes
shall appoint aregular registered
accountant andsuch appointment issubject
totheapproval bythePeople 'sBank of
China oritsbranches.
Thechief representative ofarepresentative
office from foreign financial institutions
shall berequired toreside inChina.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
C. Qualifications forestablishing aforeign
bank areasfollows:
-theinvestor shall beafinancial
institution;
-itshall have arepresentative office of
over three years'standing inChina;
-itshall have totalassets ofmore than
US$20billion attheendoftheyear
prior totheapplication
D. Qualifications forestablishing abranch ofa
foreign bank areasfollows:
-itshall have hadarepresentative
office ofover three years'standing in
China;
-itshall have totalassets ofmore than
US$20billion attheendoftheyear
prior totheapplication;
-itshome country orregion shall have
asound financial supervisory system
GATS/SC/19
Page31CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page32
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
E. Qualifications forestablishing a
Chinese-foreign joint bank, a
Chinese-foreign joint finance company ora
totally foreign-owned finance company are
asfollows;
-each investing party shall bea
financial institution;
-theforeign investor shall have a
representative office inChina
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
CommitmentsCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
9. TOURISM AND
TRAVEL RELATED
SERVICES
A. Hotels (including
apartment buildings) and
restaurants
(CPC 6411, 64193,
64201)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Foreign service providers mayconstruct,
renovate andoperate hotel andrestaurant
establishments inChina bywayof
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures or
contractual joint ventures. Such joint
venture hotels aresubject toapproval by
theState Planning Commission, MOFTEC
andNational Tourism Administration in
linewitheconomic needs. Such joint
venture restaurants aresubject toapproval
bylocal competent authorities inlinewith
economic needs.
4) Foreign managers, specialists andsenior
executives whohave signed contracts with
joint venture hotels andrestaurants in
China shall bepermitted toprovide
services inChina1) Unbound
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
GATS/SC/19
Page33CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page34
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
11. TRANSPORT
SERVICES
A. Maritime Transport
Services
- International transport
(freight andpassengers)
(CPC 7211 and7212 less
cabotage transport)1) a)Liner shipping (including passenger
transportation): none
b)Bulk, tramp andother international
shipping including passenger
transportation: none
2) None
3) a)Establishment ofregistered company
forthepurpose ofoperating afleet
under thenational flagoftheState of
establishment: unbound
b)Other forms ofcommercial presence
forthesupply ofinternational
maritime transport services: unbound1) a)None
b)None
2) None
3) a)Unbound
b)Unbound
4) a)Ship'screws: unbound except as
indicated inPartICommitments
b)Keypersonnel employed inrelation to
acommercial presence asdefined
under mode 3)b)above: unbound
except asindicated inPartI
Commitments4) a)Unbound except asindicated in
Horizontal Commitments
b)Unbound except asindicated in
Horizontal CommitmentsCHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B. Internal Waterway
Transport Services
b) Freight transportation
(CPC 7222)1) Only international shipping inports open to
foreign vessels shall bepermitted
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Limitations asindicated under market
access
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
F. Road Transport Services
b) Freight transport
(CPC 7123, including
71231 to71233)1) Unbound
2) None
3) Foreigners mayprovide roadfreight
transport services bywayofjoint ventures
subject toaneconomic needs test
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound
2) None
3) Unbound
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
GATS/SC/19
Page35CHINA (continued)GATS/SC/19
Page36
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
H. Maritime Auxiliary
Services
a) Maritime cargo-handling
services
(CPC 741)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofjoint ventures only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
b) Storage andwarehousing
services
(CPC 742)1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofjoint ventures only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
Customs clearance
services1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofjoint ventures only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
* Unbound duetolackoftechnical feasibility.CHINA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Container station and
depot services1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofjoint ventures only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
Maritime agency services 1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofjoint ventures only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
Maritime freight
forwarding services1) Unbound*
2) None
3) Intheform ofjoint ventures only
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments1) Unbound*
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inHorizontal
Commitments
* Unbound duetolackoftechnical feasibility.
GATS/SC/19
Page37