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TN/CTD/M/58  
 
16 May 2023 
(23-3414) Page: 1/20 
Committee on Trade and Development  
Fifty-Eighth Special Session    
 
NOTE ON THE MEETING OF 20 MARCH  2023 
Chairperson : Ambassador Kadra Ahmed Hassan (Djibouti ) 
A. ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA  ................................ ................................ ....................  1 
B. STATEMENT BY THE DIRECTOR -GENERAL  ................................ ................................  1 
C. G-90 DOCUMENT FOR THE SPECIAL SESSION OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND 
DEVELOPMENT (CTD -SS) ON 10 AGREEMENT -SPECIFIC SPECIAL AND DIFFERENTIAL 
TREATMENT PROPOS ALS - SUBMISSION BY  SOUTH AFRICA  ON BEHALF OF THE 
ORGANISATION OF AFRICAN, CARIBBEAN AND PACIFIC STATES (OACPS),  
THE AFRICAN GROUP AND THE LDC GROUP (JOB/TN/CTD/2 - JOB/TNC/106)  ................  3 
D. OTHER BUSINESS  ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 20 
 
A. ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA   
1. The Chairperson  said that t he draft agenda  for the 58th Special Session of the Committee on 
Trade and Development (CTD SS)  was contained in Airgram  WTO/AIR /TN/CTD/ 10 of 10 March 2023 . 
2. The agenda  was adopted .  
B. STATEMENT BY THE DIRECTOR -GENERAL  
3. The Chairperson  welcomed the Director -General to the meeting. She invited the 
Director -General to make a statement.  
4. The Director -General  delivered the following statement:   
5. It is a pleasure to join you here today at the CTD SS. Let me start by thanking the Chair  for 
inviting me to address this meeting. As you know, last month's informal General Council on the 
development dimension of WTO reform made clea r that Members attach great importance to the 
developmental aspects of this organization's work. A key issue highlighted at that meeting was 
special and differential treatment  (S&D) . S&D plays an important role in the multilateral trading 
system. There are  over 150 S&D provisions written into the WTO Agreements. Separate Ministerial 
or General Council Decisions add many more. A large number of these provisions accord developing 
countries and  least developed countries  (LDCs) longer implementation timeframes,  or modulated 
commitments. Members now generally accept that S&D must go further than that, to address 
technical assistance and capacity needs. After all, S&D provisions are not ends in themselves . They 
are, or should be, a means of enabling and empowering  developing countries and LDCs to use the 
opportunities created by the WTO to improve people's lives on the ground. A very positive 
development is that Members were able to move in precisely this direction in the two most recent 
WTO Agreements – the Trade Facilitation Agreement and the Fisheries Subsidies Agreement. Both 
allow Members to identify the assistance they need  and come with mechanisms to ensure that they 
get it.  Nevertheless, more still needs to be done to ensure that S&D is fit -for-purpose and r esponsive 
to the genuine needs of Members. This debate is not new. Back in 2001 in Doha, Ministers reaffirmed 
the centrality of S&D provisions to the WTO Agreements and instructed Members to look at how S&D 
could be made more responsive to developing count ry and LDC needs and constraints. In the 
language of the mandate that gave rise to this Special Session, S&D provisions should become "more 
precise, effective, and operational."  Over the past 20 -plus years, many proposals have been tabled, TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  but we all know how difficult the negotiations have been, and how few concrete outcomes have been 
delivered.  Beyond the challenges in achieving consensus on Agreement -specific proposals  (ASPs)  – 
including the ten G90 proposals that have been at the centre of recent discussions in the CTD SS – 
there are also different views on some broader aspects of S&D. For example, there are questions 
regarding which Members should benefit from S&D going forward, and about how M embers' own 
development advances should be reflected in their WTO obligations. These matters have been raised 
here in the CTD SS and in other WTO bodies, including the General Council, but we have not yet 
found a clear way forward.  This is not an easy subj ect. I hope that Members can have an honest 
conversation in the CTD SS  on this  that will enable us to move forward.  
6. Ministers at the Twelfth WTO Ministerial Conference ( MC12 ) reaffirmed that S&D for 
developing countries and LDCs remains an integral part of  the WTO and its Agreements, and 
confirmed that these provisions should be precise, effective and operational. They instructed officials 
to keep working to improve the application of S&D and report on progress to the General Council 
before the Thirteenth WTO Ministerial Conference ( MC13 ). I see this renewed mandate from 
Ministers as an opportunity  for Members to seize . For the CTD SS, the immediate matter to address 
relates to the ten ASPs  by the G90. In this regard, the G90 has made a new submission, which  you 
will be looking at today.  I thank the G90 for this initiative, and for its flexibility in seeking to 
accommodate others' views. I want to take this opportunity to stress how important it is to find a 
way forward on these G90 proposals. It may perhaps not be possible for all S&D -related questions 
to be addressed in the CTD SS but unblocking the negotiations in this body could permit other 
potential discussions on S&D to proceed in a more constructive and solutions -oriented manner.  From 
what I saw at the  last G eneral Council  when we discussed this, there seems to be a willingness to 
use the CTD SS to come to grips with some of these issues. Resolving matters relating to S&D is 
only one piece in the larger trade and development puzzle. The world has change d a great deal since 
the Doha Ministerial Conference. Over the past 21 years, many developing countries have 
significantly increased their footprint in global commerce. For others, however, the obstacles to 
increasing their participation in trade – and rea ping the development benefits that entails – seem 
higher than ever. The COVID -19 pandemic dealt a major setback to most developing economies. It 
has also accelerated some trends in cross -border trade – above all, the shift to digital. Exports of 
digitally -delivered services were growing faster than trade in goods and other services even before 
the pandemic – things like streaming video and games, remote learning, software development, and 
value chain services that contribute to the development of goods and services elsewhere. As the 
lockdowns pushed more people online, trade in these services went into overdrive, registering 
double -digit growth rates in both 2020 and 2021.  Between 2005 and 2021, WTO statisticians 
estimate that world exports of digitally delivered  services grew by 8.2% per year on aver age, 
compared to 5.1% for goods. Exports of other services had been growing marginally faster than 
goods until the pandemic but  have since been severely hit by the drop in travel and tourism which 
is now beginning to rebound.  When I say the future of trade  is digital, that's really grounded in 
statistical work and the data we have.  
7. The future of trade is green as well.  Trade in environmental goods accounts for a growing 
share of world trade. The market for environmental technologies is expected to increase  from 
USD 552 billion in 2021 to USD 690 billion in 2026. Alongside the ongoing push for supply chain 
diversification, these sectors present major opportunities for developing countries and LDCs. 
However , there is a lot of room to improve. Africa, for exam ple, accounted for less than 1% of world 
digitally delivered services exports in 2021 and yet I know that the potential for the continent to 
really do well in this area is huge given the way that the young people have adapted to technology. 
The share of lo w-income countries in world exports of environmental goods barely budged between 
2000 and 2020. And while the value of environmental goods exported by middle -income countries 
increased ten -fold over that time period, high -income countries still accounted f or over two -thirds 
of world exports of a list of 124 such products as of 2020. My point here is that, in a continuously 
evolving global economy, developing countries must adopt a forward -looking approach to finding 
solutions to harness trade to drive growt h and development. This means that , while existing 
mandates must be fulfilled, developing  countries should work at home, at the WTO, and with other 
multilateral agencies to address the challenges they face in tapping into new international market 
opportuni ties. This would also respond to some of the desires we have  seen to increase policy space 
for industrialization. I really feel that  there are some opportunities that should be seize d to enable 
industriali zation . Efforts are ultimately required from all si des to make trade work better for 
development. I hope your deliberations today will lead to progress on the G90 proposals and pave 
the way for addressing the full spectrum of trade and development issues.  TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  8. The Special Session took note  of the statement by the Director -General . 
C. G-90 DOCUMENT FOR THE SPECIAL SESSION OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND 
DEVELOPMENT (CTD -SS) ON 10 AGREEMENT -SPECIFIC SPECIAL AND DIFFERENTIAL 
TREATMENT PROPOSALS  - SUBMISSION BY  SOUTH AFRICA  ON BEHALF OF THE 
ORGAN ISATION OF AFRICAN, CARIBBEAN AND PACIFIC STATES (OACPS), THE AFRICAN 
GROUP AND THE LDC GROUP (JOB/TN/CTD/2 - JOB/TNC/106)  
9. The Chairperson  said that the present agenda item concerned the new submission by the G90  
(JOB/TN/CTD/2 - JOB/TNC/106 ). Before turnin g to the substance of the agenda item, she request ed 
all delegations that would speak at the  present  meeting to  email their statements to : 
ctdss@wto.org . As this was the first CTD SS meeting in which she was informing delegations of 
this method to submit statements, she wanted  her words on this matter to be reflected in the 
minutes of the meeting. Submitting statements to this email address would  allow a more efficient 
preparation of the minutes of the meeting  by the Secretariat . She thanked all delegation s for doing 
so in the context of the present  meeting, as well as in the context of future CTD SS meetings.  
10. She next tur ned to the submission by the G90. To provide some ba ckground, she recall ed 
that, at the last formal CTD SS meeting held on 23 September 2022, the G90 had indicated that it 
would be submitting a formal proposal on how the work of the CTD SS could be organized and 
structured in the post -MC12 period, including  on the substantive elements. She had reported to the 
Trade Negotiations Committee  (TNC)  on 30 November 2022 that she would convene a meeting of 
the CTD SS after the proposal by the G90 was circulated. Subsequently, at the TNC meeting of 
28 February 2023, she had announce d that the submission by the G90 had been circulated . The 
circulation of the document had made it possible to convene the present  meeting. She remind ed 
Members that, i n paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Document  (WT/MIN(22)/24  - WT/L/1135 ), 
Ministers had reaffirmed the S&D provisions for developing country Members and LDCs as an integral 
part of the WTO and its Agreements. They had stated that S&D in WTO Agreements should be 
precise, effective and operational. They had also instru cted officials to continue to work on improving 
the application of S&D  in the CTD SS and other relevant venues in the WTO, as agreed and report 
on progress to the General Council before MC13.  This renewed and reaffirmed mandate by Ministers 
require d a rene wed political will from Members. With less than a year until MC13, Members needed 
to work  quickly for good progress to be report ed to the General Council.  She invite d Members to 
build on the mandate in paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Document, as well as o n the positive 
discussions that took place in February 2023  at the informal General Council meeting on the 
development dimension of WTO reform. She also urged  Members  to engage constructively in the 
CTD SS, in the spirit of collaboration and with an open m ind, with the objective of finding solutions 
together.  She then invite d a representative of the  G90 to introduce the new submission.  
11. The representative of South Africa , on behalf of the G90 , delivered the following statement:   
12. We thank the Director -General for her statement , which we hope will give encouragement to 
Members to engage in a solution -oriented mode. We appreciate this opportunity to present our 
submission. We also thank those dele gations that made time to engage with us on our submission 
prior to this meeting. This document builds on previous submissions by the G90 and primarily seeks 
to succinctly highlight the salient areas that the G90 still believes can bring focus to the work of the 
CTD SS. As we mentioned at the last CTD  SS meeting in September 2022, the G90 welcomes 
Ministers’ reaffirmation in paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Document  that S&D remains an integral 
part of the WTO and its Agreements. We are also encouraged by the unanimous consensus among 
Members at the informal General Council meeting on WTO reform focused on development on 
2-3 February 2023 that reasserted S&D as a core pillar for existing and future Agreements. The G90 
believes that the political commitment and guidance of our Ministers at MC12 does indeed provide 
us the necessary impetus to propel the work of this Committee with urgency towards the review of 
S&D provisions . This is with a view to strengthening them and making them more precise, effective, 
and operational, in line with paragraph 44 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration.  The G90 takes 
seriously the instruction of Ministers at MC12 for Members to continue to work on  improving the 
application of S&D and remains committed to ensuring that Members  are able to report on positive 
progress  to the General Council before MC13 , as per the mandate . The global economy today faces 
multiple challenges . These include economies still suffering from the ravages of COVID -19, 
escalating food security and energy crises, rampant inflation, balance of payment s challenges, and 
the increasing regularity and scale of natural disasters due to climate change, among others. What 
is common , and should be an obvious lesson , from all these phenomena is the disproportionate TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  negative impact they have on developing countries, including LDCs , who lack the resources and 
capacities to cushion against or withstand such shocks. Strengthening t he carefully picked ten ASPs 
on S&D provisions identified in our submission to make them more precise, effective and operational 
thus remains not only relevant, but all the more urgent given this context. This is a significant 
rationali zation from an initi al 155 provisions. These proposals are carefully crafted to meet the 
mandate of paragraph 44 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration and provide clarification and precision 
to existing S &D provisions.  
13. The G90 believes that providing the necessary clarity and c ertainty to the policy space and 
flexibilities afforded in these provisions should be at the heart of the response of the multilateral 
trading system to achieve the developmental aspirations of developing countries, including LDCs, as 
a sustainable means o f enhancing the resilience of their economies and enhanc ing their integration 
in international trade. We would, therefore , like to restate the following key principles to our 
approach and proposals: (i) S&D for developing and least developed countries is an integral part of 
the multilateral trading system architecture and a treaty -embedded right; (ii) the mandate under 
paragr aph 44 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration and reaffirmed at MC12 is to review S&D provisions 
under existing covered Agreements with a view to strengthening them and making them more 
precise, effective and operational; (iii) the G90 is not seeking blanket exemptions from 
commitments, but rather, to operationalize the collective commitments of the WTO Membership in 
several WTO Agreements; and (iv) S&D is not confined to transitional periods and capacity building 
and technical assistance, but should be intrin sically embedded in the trade rules to allow policy 
flexibility to developing countries and LDCs to achieve their development objectives, and under 
conditions of certainty.  The G90 believes that all Members should be able to coalesce around these 
basic pri nciples in order to facilitate progress in the work before us. On process, we underscore that 
progress in our work will be possible if we address each of the ten ASPs on its own merits , as opposed 
to broad -sweeping generali zations. It is for this reason that we propose a structured work 
programme that will address each or a number of ASPs in turn . We propose at least two at a time, 
with a particular focus on the technical aspects and pro visions at hand based on textual proposals 
by Members. These structured discussions should take place within the formal CTD  SS, and as 
necessary through informal open -ended meetings to facilitate technical discussions. Where feasible 
and deemed necessary, the G90 also proposes workshops that can draw on the necessary expertise 
from the relevant Units within the WTO Secretariat  – similar to the Fisheries workshops . External 
institutions such as  the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development  (UNCTAD ), the 
South  Centre and the International Trade Centre ( ITC) can be called upon to assist the efforts of the 
Committee. It is our view that such activities will technically enrich our discussions, including by 
providing the necessary evidentiary elements of the challenges that our proposals seek to address.  
14. The G90 further proposes that the CTD  SS Chair develop a calendar of upcoming formal 
meetings in order to guide and inform the pace of our work. This will not only facilitate planning and 
provid e certainty towards the deadlines given by Ministers at MC12, but also ensure we avoid 
scheduling conflicts with other activities within the WTO.  The G90 will be submitting within the next 
few days textual proposals to facilitate the technical negotiations we envisage. As indicated in our 
submission, the first set of our textual proposals will be on ASP 4 on the Agreement on the 
Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures and ASP 5 on the Agreement on Technical 
Barriers to Trade  (TBT) . This does not aim to prioriti ze these two ASPs over others , as all ten ASPs 
remain important to the G90. It is a practical attempt to organi ze our work and assist Members to 
prepare for the discussions.  In conclusion, focusing on two ASPs per session will enabl e focused 
technical discussions to advance our work. The G90 reiterates its commitment to engage in good 
faith in these negotiations and is open and willing to benefit from the insights and reasoned inputs 
from other Members, as we move towards results -oriented and solutions -based discussions. An 
important benchmark against which S&D should be assessed is in how far it has enabled social and 
economic transformation to occur in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 
ensure that no country  is left behind.  
15. The Chairperson  noted that Section B of the new G90 submission was titled "CTD SS Process 
and Roadmap Pre -MC13". The section suggest ed ways to move forward with the  work, includ ing the 
possibility of holding a series of formal CTD SS meeti ngs dedicated to focused, technical discussions 
on all the ten G90 proposals . The formal meetings would be complemented as necessary by informal 
open-ended meetings  and workshops. She said that  it would be useful to hear delegations' views on 
what was outlined in Section B of the G90 submission, as it would help her gain an understanding 
of how Members saw the work of the CTD SS proceeding in the lead -up to MC13.  TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  16. The representative of Angola  delivered the following statement:   
17. Angola firmly supports the ten G90 ASPs presented by the delegation of South Africa on behalf 
of the OACPS, the African Group and the LDC Group. As a member of these three groups, and the 
current president of the OACPS, Angola can only agree that it is tim e to start recognizing our failures, 
dysfunctions, and insufficient preparation. It is worth remembering that two-thirds of WTO Member s 
are developing countries and LDCs. As before, we are  once again unprepared to face the inter -cyclical 
financial crises that can suddenly emerge from a bank or financial institution . The impacts are always 
translated into greater problems, agon y, and severe economic and social difficulties in developing 
countries, particularly in LDCs.  Today, more than ever before, w e are witnessing an evident 
disengagement from developed countries on improving S&D mechanisms as an essential condition 
for realizing the development goals for countries from the South. Indeed, the constant postponement 
of a concretization and extension o f the S&D provisions needs an urgent solution, as th is is one of 
the most critical negotiation goals for the WTO. Given the well -known asymmetries of the WTO 
system, th is cannot be seen as a series of benevolent favors but as a fair and logical device to b e 
used by all 164 Members. This consideration is essential if we want trade to be genuinely considered 
as a means of development and not simply as a profitable end in a capitalistic world.  The delegation 
of Angola would therefore  like to reiterate its supp ort for the G90 proposal s for the clarification of 
Article 2 of the Trade -Related Investment Measures ( TRIMs ) Agreement; for the urgent update of 
GATT Article XVIII, Sections A, B, and C; for the revision of SPS measures that can become 
significant barrier s to developing countries and LDCs' access to key international markets, as well 
as some clauses in the TBT Agreement and some articles of the Agreements on Subsidies and 
Countervailing Measures and Customs Valuation. We also support a serious reflection on the most-
favoured -nation ( MFN) clause system and the Trade -Related Aspects of Intellectual Proper ty Rights 
(TRIPS ) Agreement section regarding technology transfer. Finally, the delegation of Angola is fully 
engaged in reviewing the S&D benefits for the accession process to the WTO. We still insist on a 
parallel decision for a smooth transition to grad uation from the LDC category. We reaffirm our 
proposal to develo p clear guidelines for LDC graduation , as was done in 2012 during  the LDC 
accession guidelines discussions.  
18. The representative of Antigua and Barbuda  delivered the following statement:  
19. At the outset, we thank South Africa for its submission on behalf of the G90 and we align with 
their presentation on the same. We are also aligned with the statement on behalf of the African, 
Caribbean and Pacific ( ACP) Group.  The Organization of Easter n Caribbean States ( OECS ) has 
previously called for constructive engagement on the ten G90 ASPs. G90 members have been open, 
constructive and flexible on their ideas. What started off as a conversation around 155 S&D 
provisions now revolves around ten ASPs . Therefore, there can not and should not be any suggestion 
that we have been unreasonable in our endeavours. S &D is an integral part of the WTO framework. 
The special problems of developing countries and LDCs must be seen as systemic . Appropriate, 
effective a nd adequate responses ought to be further institutionali zed within the WTO architecture.  
I feel compelled to clarify that we are not advocating for blanket carve -outs and exemptions. 
However, we believe that there is still scope for the WTO Membership to c onsider and agree on ways 
in which we can strengthen S &D provisions so as to make them more precise, effective and 
operational. We are currently in a multi -crisis environment . This is  demonstrated by the COVID -19 
pandemic, the war in Ukraine, global food i nsecurity, the climate crisis and , most recently, what 
appears to be major disruptions in the global financial markets. Developing countries typically suffer 
the biggest fallouts from these events and take an inordinate amount of time to recover. 
Furthermo re, developing Members c an afford less fiscal support than their developed counterparts. 
This reality sets developing Members back much further and for much longer. It is against this 
backdrop that we see scope for all Members, as per paragraph 44 of the Doha Ministerial Declaratio n, 
to review S &D provisions with a view to strengthening them. The OECS supports the request for a 
structured work programme to focus our deliberations in the CTD  SS, with the aim of addressing the 
respective G90 proposals on their own merit. Furthermore, we believe that the CTD  SS should  draw, 
as necessary,  on the expertise and resources of the WTO Secretariat  – in particular  the key Divisions 
with responsibility for the respective Agreements in the G90 proposals. We are also open to external 
expertise, su ch as from UNCTAD , which can play a very meaningful role in our deliberations. We 
suspect that all Members agree that development, and S&D for developing countries and LDCs, are 
central to the multilateral trading system. Now is the time to put beliefs and  words into action.  
20. The representative of Kenya , on behalf of the OACPS , delivered the following statement:   TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  21. As part of the G90, the ACP Group supports the statement made by South Africa on behalf of 
the G90  and wishes to stress a few points. In line  with the instructions from Ministers at MC12, we 
must make progress on paragraph 2 of MC12 Outcome Document, which reaffirmed the current 
mandate of the CTD  SS. This mandate remains in the CTD  SS, as is the case for all the  TNC bodies. 
On this dossier, a report on progress to the General Council is due before MC13 . Much work therefore 
lies ahead. The latest G90 submission follows through on the work programme proposed in  the G90 
room document of 22 September 2022 (RD/TN/CTD/ 1). The September 2022 submission was 
intended to help us to begin implementation of paragraph 2  of the MC12 Outcome document. Since 
2002 and o ver the duration of these negotiations, the G90 has rationalized and reduced its proposals 
to ten ASPs, drawn from around 155 S&D provisions across WTO Agreements. We thank the 
Secretariat for the release of the latest update of the compilation of provisions , found in document 
WT/COMTD/W/271 dated 1 6 March 2023. We have receiv ed updates of the compilation since 2001, 
then 2010 and onward s. The social and economic experience in the last three years has produced 
multiple challenges , especially for the developing world . These  includ e the effects of COVI D-19, 
rampant inflation, balance of payment s problems, and the increasing regularity and scale of natural 
and man -made disasters. Our fragile economies remain disproportionately impacted, without an 
adequate cushion against resulting shocks. Conclu ding the negotiations on the ten proposals is more 
relevant now to support our integration into the multilateral trading system, diversify our economies, 
and build resilience.   
22. A structured work programme focus ing our deliberations in the CTD  SS to address eac h of the 
ten ASPs on their respective merits, in multiple streams of discussions, will go a long way in meeting 
the objective of Ministers before MC13. We support commencing with SPS and TBT. We recall that 
these provisions underwent extensive discussion a t the Nairobi Ministerial Conference in 2015. 
However, t his does not confer higher priority among the ten. As we have said, the ten ASPs are 
already our minimum reduction and the G90 priority. TBT and SPS measures constitute the most 
severe non -tariff barr iers to exports from developing countries, including LDCs. The ACP Group has 
raised concerns about the increasing introduction of more complex measures, including under the 
name of environmental sustainability. These stand to further hinder our market acce ss and 
adaptation to address a host of issues arising from climate change and food security.  Along w ith the 
other G90 proponents, it is hoped that we can all build convergence. As the G90 Coordinator has 
conveyed, we are  not seeking blanket exemptions from commitments.  We only wish to operationalize 
the commitments in the WTO Agreements which we have identified. There is a difference between 
the outstanding proposals under the CTD  SS mandate, and th e mandate  of the Monitoring 
Mechanism, which has been explained by the G90 Coordinator. In that regard, we were encouraged 
by the useful and positive engagement at the informal General Council meeting held on 
2-3 February  2023 on WTO reform focused on development. All expressed the centrality of 
development as a fundamental objective of the multilateral trading system and confirmed  that S&D 
remains at the core of existing and future Agreements.  
23. The representative of Barbados  delivered the following statement :  
24. We align ourselves with the statement s by South Africa on behalf of the G90 and Kenya  on 
behalf of the ACP Group . We have four brief points. First, the G90 submission r esponds to 
instructions from MC12 and expectations for MC13 . Second, it shows a real willingness to engage 
and negotiate in good faith and translate the words of support for development into a solution based 
on a deman d-driven development request . Third, it r esponds to the actual concerns of our small 
businesses . Perhaps the ITC can elaborate a bit mo re on this at a future meeting , given the 
organization's  work on non -tariff measures . Fourth, it  is a specific deliverable with the inbuilt checks 
and balances around  transparency and notification . These four elements should be more than 
enough for us to find an outcome in the structured discussions in the CTD  SS. 
25. The representative of The Gambia , on behalf of the LDC Group,  delivered the following 
statement:  
26. We associate ourselves with the statement made by S outh Africa on behalf of the G90. We 
welcome the constructive discussions held at the informal General Council meeting on 
2-3 February  2023 on WTO reform focusing on development . We also welcome  the consensus that 
emerged among WTO Members on the centrality of development as a fundamental objective of the 
multilateral trading system, including that S&D remains at the core of existing and future 
Agreements. In paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Docum ent, Ministers instructed us to continue to 
work on improving the application of S&D in the CTD  SS and report to the G eneral Council  before TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  MC13. We look forward to working with Members in fulfilling this Ministerial instruction. The latest 
G90 submission compl ements previous submissions and highlights the principles that inform and 
rationalize the proposals on the ten S&D provisions. It also proposes a structured work programme 
for the CTD  SS, including formal and informal meetings or workshops as necessar y. A substantive 
focused engagement in a work programme under the CTD  SS, on each of the ASPs, would draw on 
the resources of the relevant WTO Secretariat Divisions as well as external resources, for example 
UNCTAD. This would help to bring forward more data and practical information, thus responding to 
a call we have heard from some Members about how they would like to see the nature of the 
discussions in the CTD  SS. We support the proposed work p rogramme to address each of the ten 
ASPs on their individual or respective merits. We note that the basis for some of the proposals also 
stems from the difficulties to utilize the provisions that must be made more precise, effective and 
operational. This i s particularly relevant in the case of LDCs. The LDC Group, as part of the G90, 
looks forward to positive and constructive engagement on th e way forward.  
27. The representative of Tunisia  delivered the following statement:   
28. We appreciate your ongoing efforts to guide this process towards mutual understanding 
among Members with regard to these key proposals  by the G90 . We thank South Africa for the 
presentation of the document on behalf of the G90 and we welcome the presence of the 
Director -General, who once again testifie d that development issue s remain vital for unblocking many 
other areas of our negotiations, particularly in preparations for MC13.  Exactly 2,479 days remain at 
the disposal of the global community to achieve together the 17 agreed SDGs . The countdown is 
relentless and the current state of affairs leaves a lot to be desired . This is in view of persistent 
inequalities in terms of national development and the attacks on the peace, prosperity and 
sustainability of our planet.  In 2,479 days, the representative of the WTO, in similar fashion to  all 
the heads of international institutions, will have to give an account in New York of the WTO's 
contribution to achieving one of the most important global commitments of the 21st century.  The 
WTO representative might announce that, since the early days of the GATT and particularly with the 
establishment of the WTO, the multilateral trading system has taken account of the gaps in economic 
development and ensured that S&D is one of its fundam ental principles. However, we hope that the 
representative  will also say that WTO Members have responded to the urgent situation and taken 
the necessary steps  to ensure that S&D provisions in WTO Agreements are reviewed and 
strengthened to make them more p recise, effective and operational . Members will therefore have 
made it possible to ensure equitable conditions for developing countries and LDCs while provid ing 
them with the necessary assistance to catch up in achieving the SDGs.  The ten proposals outlined 
in the G90 submission  focus on some key WTO Agreements . The  ten proposals  are the result of 
prolonged and detailed discussions and sustained efforts to achieve synthesis and constructive 
interaction within the group – and with other grou ps and Members  - which led to a  streamlining of 
the 150 initial pro visions . The ten proposals are key tool s, but by no means the only one s, for 
addressing the real and practical difficulties that developing countries  and LDCs face . Such difficulties 
contin ue to hamper these countries' integration into global trade and their ability to implement 
development policies to advance their economies.  
29. Providing the necessary clarity and certainty regarding the policy space and flexibilities 
theoretically provided in the WTO Agreements will positively contribute to achieving this objective. 
The political will expressed at MC12 and the reaffirmation of th e mandate in paragraph 44 of the 
Doha Ministerial Declaration suggest that Members are committed to adopting positive momentum 
to enable development to permeate the work of the WTO . This will allow us to move forward in this 
and other areas.  Today is a spe cial day for Tunisia, which celebrates the 67th anniversary of its 
independence. I would like to take the opportunity in this forum to wish my beloved country a happy 
national holiday and to wish the Tunisian people prosperity and development.  It is also a  special day 
for the 321 million French speakers in the world who are celebrating International Francophonie Day. 
The fact that these dates coincide goes some way towards explaining our attachment to the beautiful 
language of Molière. Tunisia currently cha irs the International Organization of La Francophonie and 
would like to convey its best wishes to all French speakers.  At this point I would like to congratulate 
the Director -General  on the prize awarded by the Group of Francophone Ambassadors for her 
comm itment to multilingualism in international trade. On this day of celebration, I would also have 
liked to announce that Tunisia  – ranked as the second African country after Mauritius as regards the 
achiev ement of the SDGs  – is on track to achieve its goals in 2030 . Unfortunately , this looks like an 
increasingly remote prospect, particularly after the impacts of the polycrisis. Tunisia is more than 
ever dependent on a conducive business environment, including through effective flexibilities, as 
described in t he G90 document under consideration.  Tunisian small and medium -sized enterprises TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  (SMEs ), which are the core of the Tunisian productive system, are increasingly suffering from non -
tariff barriers imposed by our main partners . These hinder trade flows and re duce our SMEs' 
competitiveness.  It is unfortunate to note that , in recent years , Tunisia has been experiencing one 
of the worst brain drain s in the world. Thousands of doctors, engineers and health personnel, who 
have cost the country billions of dollars, are leaving the country . This is,  inter alia , because all 
barriers facing them are being removed while Tunisian goods remain blocked at port s because of 
requirements that are baseless or at best inflexible in view of the real difficulties of lack of capacity.  
I would conclude by emphasizing that many of the ten proposals under consideration are simple 
procedural elements with no binding effect . They call for an obligation with regard to resources, not 
with regard to outcomes. An appropriate schedule to discuss them separately would be an option 
for moving forward.  
30. The representative of Vanuatu , on behalf of the Pacific Group, delivered the foll owing 
statement:  
31. I wish to acknowledge the statement made by the D irector -General . We align with the 
statemen t by South Africa  on behalf of the G90, as well as the statement s by the ACP  Group  and 
the LDC Group. As proponents of the submission tabled at this meeting, as well as the previous G90 
submissions, we hope that we can advance and progress on the work on the ten ASPs in the CTD  SS, 
with the aim of preparing substantive recommendations to Ministers by MC13. It is imperativ e that 
we deliver on longstanding mandates that have been reaffirmed by paragraph 2 of the MC12 
Outcome Document. To advance discussions, the G90 submission proposes next steps in terms of 
the process. We strongly endorse a structured work programme of fou r to five meetings  that would 
start with a first dedicated meeting focusing on the TBT and SPS proposals. We implore 
non-proponents to possibly respond to this way forward, with the proposed sequencing of work on 
the ASPs.  S&D is a fundamental principle of  the multilateral trading system. It is an integral part of 
the WTO negotiations. This was reinforced at the informal meeting on the development dimension 
of WTO reform held last month. The S&D provisions in the WTO Agreements must provide developing 
count ries with specific tools to overcome any crisis and be able to build resilience. The realization of 
the ten ASPs would, therefore, provide the trade tools necessary to diversify our small and vulnerable 
economies. This is to ensure sustainable development,  as well as resilience and inclusive recovery. 
It is especially important in the context of the polycrisis that we are facing today, with the evolving 
global challenges that have further exacerbated our existing vulnerabilities and dependences. The 
Pacific  Group accounts for approximately 0.04 % of global trade  and, like many developing countries, 
remains in the margins of the global trading system. We  therefore look to flexible and equitable 
trade rules to enhance our trad e and facilitate our integration. To this end, the Pacific Group urges 
Members to support the proposed work plan put forward by the G90 at this meeting. The Pacific 
Group remains committed to engage constructively in the CTD  SS discussions to address and 
advance the G90 ASPs t hrough this way forward. I would like to make a final point on the process. 
As a small delegation, we kindly request that the schedule of meetings should avoid clashes with 
other major meetings in the WTO, like the clash with the meetings of the Negotiatin g Group on Rules 
that we have this week.  
32. The representative of  the United Kingdom  delivered the following statement:  
33. Happy national day to Tunisi a and congratulations to the Francophones . It was nice to have 
the D irector -General  with us. It is affirmation of the importance of these discussions, and the 
importance of having a development prism to all of our work. Listening to colleagues, I recogni ze 
the extraordinary challenges that countries face  – whether it is climate change, food insecurity 
sparked by the war against Ukraine, or the recent  financial  market turbulence. It is also affirming to 
hear the D irector -General ’s positive vision. There are opportunities – on digital and greening trade 
– and it is importan t to reflect on the se opportunities  as well . On the issue we are discussing today, 
I thank the G90 for their paper. We recogni ze the mandate set at MC12 and we want to move 
forward on that. We have previously said that a more evidence -based approach to dis cussing these 
proposals is needed. We therefore welcome the latest proposal to focus on two of the ASPs, and to 
hold evidence sessions with internal and external experts. We would be keen to work with the G90 
to identify how best to facilitate this and how  to ensure the forthcoming sessions have the necessary 
analysis and expertise to provoke a meaningful conversation. We believe that the most attainable 
route to reaching consensus around strengthening S&D will be through finding a way to make it 
more tailo red to address the specific and genuine needs of developing countries . It should  be 
targeted at those most in need and the most vulnerable  – including LDCs and small island developing 
states ( SIDS). We would note, as others have, that a number of mechanism s already exist across TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  the organi zation,  and we need to better understand how they can be operationali zed and revitali zed 
in order to provide tailored support to the specific needs of the countries that are most vulnerable . 
We do not propose to get into te chnical discussions o n SPS and TBT today. However, w e welcome 
the process set out by the G90 in Section B of their paper and  we are ready to work closely with 
them and other Members on next steps.  
34. The representative of  Cuba delivered the following statement:  
35. It seems to be a day of celebrations, with Francophonie day  and Tunisia's national day . My 
country is also celebrating the fourth place in the World Baseball Classic. We went down last night , 
but congratulations to the United States.  My delegati on aligns itself with the statements by 
South  Africa on behalf of the G90 and by Kenya on behalf of the ACP Group. We do not wish to 
repeat the arguments that have already been expressed by delegations that have spoken and simply 
wish to highlight certain facts . First, MC12  reaffirmed that S&D provisions are an integral part of the 
WTO and its Agreements. Mandates and instructions that do not give rise to questions concerning 
the improved implementation of S&D were established.  Second,  the exchanges  that took place at 
the informal General Council meeting on WTO reform focused on development, which was held last 
February,  revealed consensus among WTO Members on the centrality of development as a 
fundamental objective of the  multilateral trading system . Third, w e are encouraged that all Members 
reaffirmed their commitment to the founding principles and objectives of the WTO.  Fourth, i mproving 
the development prospects of developing countries, including LDCs, and narrowing the development 
divide is in th e interest of all Members, including developed countries.  Fifth, with a view to 
convergence, the G90 has drafted a new submission  by painstakingly refining the more than 150  
ASPs, which are not the only instruments that can boost developing countries' trad e potential and 
meaningful integration into world trade.  Sixth, t his submission  is accompanied by a roadmap in the 
lead-up to MC13 so that we can all examine not only the "what", but also the "how".  In our view, 
there are no arguments for not engaging constructively in the discussions seeking convergence.  
36. The representative of Fiji delivered the following statement:  
37. Fiji wishes to add its voice in support of th e G90 submission  and align s itself with the ACP 
Group statement delivered by Kenya an d the Pacific Group statement by Vanuatu. We would like to 
thank South Africa for the introduction of the G90 proposal . We also acknowledge the presence of 
the Director -General and thank her for her remarks. May I also at the outset wish Tunisia well with 
its national day today . Our best wishes for this auspicious occasion. Speaking of national days, may 
I also convey our best wishes to Namibia, Pakistan, Greece and Bangladesh whose national days will 
be commemorated this week. In paragraph 2 of MC12 Outcom e Document , our Ministers instructed 
us to continue to work on improving the application of S&D in the CTD  SS and other relevant venues 
in the WTO , which is the reason for this submission  by the G90 . In view of the MC12 mandate, it 
will not be sufficient for the General Council to merely report on progress in the S&D discussion s. 
We need to be aware that we should move to tangible outcomes . Discussions need to lead to 
agreements at MC13 that are impl ementable and measurable, and which could practically enhance 
the living standards, employment and sustainable development of our people at the national level. 
This require s Members  to work together to materialize the elements of the ten ASPs . The General 
Council meeting focused on development held in  February 2023 revealed consensus among Members 
on the centrality of development as a fundamental objective of the multilateral trading system . We 
have faith that this momentum w ill be materialized through our commitment to work together to 
shape agreements that better reflect Members ' development aspirations through trade rules . This 
was clearly mentioned by the Director -General  in her opening remarks. The WTO should work with 
other relevant organizations  such as the ITC , UNCTAD and others to assist in this regard . Fiji 
continues to encounter varying degree s of challenges which are particular  to SIDS . These  
disproportionately affect our economy and require p roportionality in the application of rules. We look 
forward to discussions showcasing our unique vulnerabilities , consistent with  paragraph 44 of the 
Doha Ministerial Declaration . S&D should not be confined to transitional periods and capacity building 
and technical assistance . It should be intrinsically embedded in the WTO rules to allow policy 
flexibility to developing countries and LDCs  to achieve their development objectives, under 
conditions of certainty. The process and roadmap laid out in paragraph 13 of Section  B of the 
submission  is supported by my delegation as a guideline to pursue this work. Predictable meeting 
schedules would b e useful to allow small delegations in particular  to prepare and engage  
meaningfully  on the  ASPs. We look forward to engaging with all Members.  
38. The representative of Nepal  delivered the following statement:  TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  39. I thank South Africa for its submission on behalf of the G90 and align  my delegation  with the 
presentation made.  I also associate my delegation with the statement delivered by The Gambia on 
behalf of the LDC Group and wish to add a few points . LDCs have been actively participating in WTO 
mechanisms and fulfilling their commitments and obligations . However, they have not been able to 
enhance their international trade due to the lack of policy space and supply -side constraints.  
Levelling the playing field for developing countries and LDC s through different kinds of support and 
flexibilities is therefore necessary. S&D was embedded in the WTO Agreements precisely as an 
acknowledgement of the different levels of development of Members.  The mandate under paragraph 
44 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration , which  was reaffirmed by Ministers at MC12 , is to review S&D 
provisions under existing Agreements with a view to making them more precise, effective and 
operational . This gives us a clear pathway to expedite the G90 proposal s. The G90 has submitted 
ten ASPs for discussion and a necessary decision. My delegation urges all Members to engage 
constructively on this submission in the CTD SS. We believe  that S&D should not be confined to 
transitional periods and capacity building and tec hnical assistance . It should be embedded in trade 
rules to allow policy flexibility for developing countries and LDCs to achieve their development 
objectives, and under conditions of certainty.  We support the proposed process in advancing the 
proposals. It would be better to prioritize our work while discussing. I would like to underscore that 
TBT and SPS measures constitute the most dominant non -tariff barriers to the exports of developing 
countries, including LDCs.  The increasing introduction of more comp lex measures, including under 
the name of environmental sustainability , have been hindering our small basket of exports . 
Therefore, we urge all Members to start discussion s on issues relating to SPS and TBT. Nepal stands 
ready to engage constructively.  
40. The representative of Senegal  delivered the following statement:  
41. I thank South Africa for the submission made on behalf of the G90.  I associate myself with 
the statements made on behalf of the ACP Group, the African Group and the LDC Group.  I wish 
Tunisia a happy Independence Day. My delegation supports the proposals contained in document 
JOB/TN/CTD/2, in particular those regarding the  need for support to prevent SPS and TBT measures 
becoming significant barriers to access to major international markets for developing countries and 
LDCs.  Indeed, the main problem for developing countries and LDCs is not so much to comply with 
the provisi ons of the SPS and TBT Agreements as such . Rather , the problem is  to meet the SPS 
requirements imposed by importing countries  – in particular developed countries  – in terms of 
conformity, inspection or approval procedures. When these standards vary between  jurisdictions, 
this imposes an additional cost for developing countries and LDCs.  To prevent SPS standards 
affecting the exports  of developing countries and LDCs , the best approach remains the one 
advocated by the SPS Agreement itself . This includes comply ing with the conditions imposed by the 
Agreement for measures necessary to protect health, based on scientific evidence; no arbitrary or 
unjustifiable discrimination between countries where identical or similar conditions exist; promot ing 
the harmoniz ation of standards or at least a recognition of equivalence; basing rules on standards, 
guidelines and recommendations of standard -setting organizations; transparency; and p roviding 
appropriate technical assistance to developing countries and LDCs.  To this  end, it is necessary to 
strengthen the capacity of the Standards and Trade Development Facility (STDF) to enable it to fully 
play its role in helping developing countries and LDCs meet SPS standards.  
42. The representative of Norway  delivered the following st atement:  
43. I thank South Africa for  presenting the new proposal on behalf of the G90 . I congratulate 
Tunisia. It seems we have many things to celebrate. Today is International  Happiness  Day, a 
United  Nations -organized event.  In the words of the Director -General, the discussion on S&D is not 
new. It has  been 20 years since Doha was launched. In those 20 years, the world has changed. It 
has changed in terms of the challenges that developing countries are facing, and it has chan ged in 
terms of the opportunities  they have . At the development retreat  held in February , we all agreed 
that d evelopment  is at the core of the WTO. Trade is a mean s for development. Ensuring 
development and better integration in the  multilateral trading system for developing and LDC 
Members alike  is beneficial for all . This is  not only in terms of solidarity and bettering the trust levels 
in this organization, but also in economic terms  and for long-term profits.  We welcome the G90's 
new submission . It is in line with the mandate our Ministers gave us in paragraph  2 of the MC12 
Outcome D ocument. It is well-known that Norway is a long -term advocate for needs -based S&D as 
an integral part of the  multilateral trading system . We believe  that S&D can make trade an engine 
for development. S&D is an important element in a negotiated balance of rights and obligations. 
What matters is what  commitments Members are ready to take on  and how S&D could be designed TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  to address the development challe nges Members are facing in each area under negotiation. We look 
forward  to hearing the rationale for the new G90 paper. We are happy  with the proposed structure 
for addressing the ten ASPs, two at a time. I assure you that we will engage constructively, with a 
view to exploring the potential for  hopefully achiev ing concrete results.  
44. The representative of Namibia , on behalf of the African Group, delivered the following 
statement:  
45. We thank the Director -General for her insightful remarks. We express our support and 
appreciation to the Chair for the tireless efforts and hard work to ensure that we deliver on the 
paragraph 2 mandate, which is to continu e to work on improving the applica tion of S&D in the 
CTD SS and other relevant bodies in the WTO, as agreed by all Ministers and report to the General 
Council before MC13. Paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Document reaffirms the provisions of S&D 
for developing country Members and L DCs as an  integral part of the WTO and its Agreements. In 
our view , this serves as impetus to reinvigorate our efforts towards a positive outcome in our work. 
While noting with appreciation the progress achieved during MC12, we also trust that the goodwill 
and disc ussions from the informal meeting on development held in February this year will spur us 
towards negotiating in good faith and delivering on th e longstanding mandate of ensuring that S&D 
provisions are made more precise, effective and operational. Paragraph 44 of the Doha Ministerial 
Declaration  is still very much relevant . As such , S&D should be an embedded right for developing 
country Members and LDCs in all WTO Agreements. We need to b e mindful of the unfinished business 
of Doha that could yield specific development milestones for LDCs and developing countries. In so 
doing, we reassert the need to ensure that negotiating outcomes and rules at the WTO support 
development objectives in ou r continental ambitions  – including industrialization, structural 
transformation and integration into  the multilateral trading system . This would address the call by 
our Ministers that trade be conducted with a view to raising standards of living, ensuring  full 
employment, pursuing the sustainable development of Members, and enhancing the means for doing 
so in a manner consistent with Members' respective needs and concerns at different levels of 
economic development. Due to the unprecedented challenges faci ng African countries, the existing 
rules must address the structural deficiencies in the system , while re -enforcing the principles of 
fairness, transparency, and equity. This would guarantee access to the requisite policy tools to assist 
developing countri es and LDCs in developing capacities and capabilities to respond more effectively 
to global shocks. In addition to the submission we are discussing here today, the African Group 
would like to recall the G90 room document contained in  document  RD/TN/CTD/1. As a member of 
the G90, the African Group would like to stress the need for WTO Members to pursue and support 
policy tools , measures  and initiatives that will contribute to the industrialization, economic 
diversification, and structural transformation of developing countries and ensur e their integration 
into the  multilateral trading system . Therefore, we support the call for a structured wo rk programme 
to focus our discussions on each of the ten ASPs. Each should be addressed on its own merit with a 
view to achieving  the objective or mandate set by  our Ministers  before MC13 . In closing, let me say 
that tomorrow is Namibia's Independence Day . I thank those who have wished us happy 
Independence Day . 
46. The representative of Egypt  delivered the following statement:  
47. We want to extend our special thanks to the Chair  for the tireless efforts in chairing the 
CTD SS. We would like to congratulate Tunisia on its national day. Congratulations also to Namibia 
on its Independence Day  tomorrow , and to all Francophones around the world for International 
Francophonie Day.  We associate ourselves with the statement made by South Africa on behalf of 
the G90 . We reiterate that S&D is important in the context of development , as much as it is in the 
context of addressing the current frequent and rapid challenges and cris es. All of this has made it 
quite clear that the time is more th an ripe for us to agree on tangible outcome on th e ASPs. Without 
effective and operational S&D, many developing countries will remain unable to compete with more 
advanced economies and may not be able to fully realize the potential benefits of trade. Regar ding 
the process, we are of the view that our business should be structured and result s-oriented , as 
emphasized by many other Members. The G90 has submitted their view in that regard , and in this 
context,  we would underscore the importance of the following  points . The first step would be to set 
the agenda for our discussions in the CTD  SS over the period before MC13. This agenda should  be 
designed in a way that would enable us to address the specific items of the ten ASPs on S&D, with 
clear objectives and expected outcomes.  When practical, the Secretariat could be asked to provide 
updated background information documents on the implementation of the ten ASPs. This information 
may include a summary of each ASP, its objectives, and the potentia l economic and development TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  impact it could have on developing countries in the overall context of their development plans.  The 
discussions should be structured around the ten ASPs, with each ASP being discussed separately 
through a facilitator to be appoin ted by the Committee.  After each ASP has been discussed, the 
facilitator should summarize the key points made by the participants and report to the CTD  SS. This 
will ensure that all Members have a clear understanding of the issues and will enable them to m ake 
informed decisions.  Finally, based on the discussions, the Committee should develop 
recommendations on how to address the challenges faced by developing countries in implementing 
the ten ASPs. These recommendations should be presented to MC13 for adopt ion. We urge all 
Members to engage constructively based on the G90 document , and in line with the proposed ideas 
to have a structured discussion , with a view to reaching tangible outcome s by MC13.  
48. The representative of Uganda  delivered the following statement:  
49. We thank South Africa for the statement made on behalf of the G90 and support the 
submission . We align ourselves with  statements made by the ACP Group , the African Group and the  
LDC Group  and join others in thank ing the Director -General for her insightful remarks. We too were 
encouraged by the constructive discussions held at the informal General Council meeting on 
2-3 February 2023 on WTO reform focusing on development . We were in particular encouraged by 
the revealed co nsensus among Members on the centrality of development as a fundamental 
objective of the  multilateral trading system  – including that S&D remains at the core of existing and 
future Agreements. We hope that this body will build on that momentum to move forward in good 
faith, in a process that will contribute to the  structural transformation of our  economies that have 
remained  largely undiversified, highly dependent on commodities and at the bottom of regional and 
global value chains. The submission  is relevant because it addresses several aspects related to our 
development aspirations  – including those related to industrialization,  which the United Nations 
Industrial Development Organization ( UNIDO ) has observed is one of the main engines of sustained 
economic growth . A thriving industrial sector  is almost always  at the core of the transformation of 
any predominantly rural and highly informal economy into a modern one. Yet, the  current framework  
of policy tools available to developing countries and LDCs has not helped them much in their quest 
for industrial development and structural transformation. For example, i n 36 of the  46 LDCs , 
manufacturing accounts for less than 12% of gross domestic prod uct ( GDP). For 35 LDCs, 
manufactures account for less than 30% of exports , and 85% of LDCs continue to be commodity  
dependent.  Empirical calculations  by UNCTAD  show that if commodity -dependent developing 
countrie s (CDDCs) stay on the same trajectory that t hey have been on since  1995, it will take them 
on average 190 years to fill half of the development gap separating them from non -CDDCs . A truly 
pro-developmental multilateral trading system  will thus need to allow developing countries to use 
more proactive ly those policy measures that help the development of productive capabilities . These 
include infant industry protection, regulation of foreign direct investment (FDI)  and an intellectual 
property rights regime that makes technological transfer  easier . With the long history of discussion 
and debate on th e issues raised by the G90 , and the devastating cost of inaction  and lack of progress , 
we hope  that there is enough evidence to allow Members to move forward in good faith  in order to  
have an outcome b efore MC13 . For its part, the G90 has rationalized and reduced the number of its 
proposals  – drawn  from around 155 S&D provisions  – to 10 ASPs. These carefully selected ASPs  
remain the bare minimum demand of the G90.  We therefore call on Members to support the proposed 
work programme to address each of the ten ASPs on their individual merit s, as well as the idea to 
draw on internal and external expertise and resources to enrich the debate.  We look forward to a 
constructive engagement.  
50. The representative of India delivered the following statement:  
51. Thank  you for convening this meeting on International Happiness Day. This is a good sign for 
the proposal. Congratulation s to Tunisia , Namibia, the Francophones , Bangladesh  and the 
United  States . An almost full house is another encouraging sign.  Thank you to the Director -General 
for setting the tone of the meeting. India welcomes the revised submission by the G90. The 
continu ed and sustained effort s of the G90 over the years  to explore the way forward is 
commendable. India would also like to thank South Africa for introducing the submission . The G90 
proposal s have been under  discussion for a long time. The G90 has made sincere efforts to elaborate 
on the proposals and provide clarity on numerous occasions and in different  formats , in order  to 
bridge the gaps in appreciation of these proposals and allow Members to  engage constructively. For 
example, the G90 provided detailed replies in document JOB/D EV/61 to several questions that 
Members had on an earlier version of their submission and have made continuous effort s to engage 
Members over several meetings and several years. However, it is unfortunate that the Committee TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  has not been able to secure any tangible progress. The Committee should reflect on this seriously 
while moving forward with the revised submission. In the development retreat held in February, 
Members demonstrated renewed willingness to engage on the development agenda in general , and 
the G90 proposal s in particular , among certain other specific issues. This is reassuring. India 
sincerely hopes that all Members will engage in the CTD SS with the same positive renewed 
willingness on the G90 proposal s and fulfil the Ministerial mandate in p aragraph 2 of the MC12 
Outcome Document in order to have  a tangible outcome by MC13.  
52. The ten ASPs in the G90 submission are specific and well explained. The rationale behind the 
ASPs is explained in paragraphs  17 to 20 of the submission. There is  a good enough justification to 
look at these proposal s seriously and with constructive engagement.  India agrees with the G90 
assertion that strengthening the ten carefully picked S&D provisions and  ensuring  their effective 
operationali zation should be at th e heart of the response of the multilateral trading system  to achieve 
the developmental aspirations of developing countries and LDCs. As regards the process and 
roadmap in Section  B of the proposal, India agrees with the approach suggested in para graphs  13 
and 14 . This consists of formal  and informal  meetings for technical discussions on each of the ten 
ASPs on their individual merit . Use will also be made of external expert ise from agencies  like 
UNCTAD , as well as WTO Secretariat staff  responsible for the Agreements under which the ASPs fall. 
India also agrees with the G90 suggestion that  the first discussion be dedicated to substantive 
discussions on ASP 4 relating to the SPS Agreement and ASP 5 relating to the TBT Agreement . As is 
highlight ed with illustrative examples, environmental and related health requirements are becoming 
increasingly numerous, complex and wide -ranging . Standards are becoming so stringent or 
technically advanced that developing countries may not have access to th e equipment or 
technologies and expertise needed to implement them and demonstrate compliance. The proposals 
therefore  merit  favourable consideration by the Committee. Further, this effort needs to be 
supplemented with efforts to identify the trade -restricting potential of non-tariff measures  in specific 
sectors , to measure the impact of new and existing non-tariff measures  on trade , and to provide 
exporters in developing countr ies and LDCs with requisite information and guidance to ensure that 
their trade is not adversely impacted.  India looks forward to constructively enga ging in these 
discussions.  
53. The representative of Nicaragua  delivered the following statement:   
54. Nicaragua welcomes the communication from South Africa on behalf of the OACPS, the African 
Group and the LDC Group which submit s the ten G90 proposals on specific WTO Agreements. We 
are in agreement in recognizing the importance of development as a key obj ective of the multilateral 
trading system . We also highlight the importance of multilateral rules to contribute to 
industrialization, economic diversification and structural transformation in pursuit of sustainable 
development in its three dimensions – environmental, social and economic – and favouring the most 
vulnerable populations.  However, the commitments undertaken by Members have not led to the 
equitable development of all.  The development dimension is cross -cutting in all WTO negotiation 
topics and calls for political will on the part of all Members to achieve full results. This dimension has 
evolved over time and account should therefore be taken of current realities such as environmental 
degradation, climate change and food security issues, amo ng other aspects directly affecting world 
trade . Significant effects have been felt in countries with development limitations such as small, 
vulnerable economies (SVEs) and LDCs. S&D provisions should include longer periods for the 
implementation of commit ments and tools for capacity building in countries facing specific 
constraints and development needs.  Nicaragua considers that, as a result of the WTO reform 
process, new legitimate  and effective commitments should be established . These need to  take 
accoun t of the asymmetries between the interests and needs of Members . They also need to ensur e 
sustainability, through the transformation and development of SVEs, under a more equitable and 
transparent system. The aim would be to enable developing countries, an d especially the least 
developed among them, to secure a share in the growth in international trade commensurate with 
their economic development needs as referred to in the Preamble of the Agreement Establishing the 
WTO. 
55. The representative of Zimbabwe  delivered the following statement:  
56. Let me start my intervention by warmly congratulating Tunisia on its national day and Namibia 
for its  national day tomorrow. Warm salutations to all falling under the umbrella of the Francophon ie 
and happy Happiness Day to all. Thank you to South Africa  for introducing the G90 paper. S&D was 
embedded in the WTO Agreements to acknowledge that countries are at different levels of economic TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  development and have different levels of capacity to i mplement  those Agreements . It was also to 
acknowledge the critical role of trade in helping countries  to bridge the development divide in all its 
manifestations. The informal General Council meeting of 2 -3 February  2023, which focused on WTO 
reform, overwhelmingly confirmed the centrality of development as a fundamental objective of the 
multilateral trading system , and the centrality of S&D  provisions. The meeting also acknowledged 
that whatever opportunities, flexibilities and support measures  may already be  embedded in the 
existing rules and disciplines, they have  failed to deliver either to the degree or at the pace of 
development anticipated  and expected when Ministers ended their meeting in Doha some 20 years 
ago. Focusing for a moment just  on Africa, the Director -General  recently reminded us that 63% of 
exports from Africa are primary commodities ; that Africa enjoys less than 3% of total global trade ; 
and, at 18% intra -Africa trade, Africa has the lowest level of intra -regional trade of all  the regions. 
During the informal meeting, the unacceptability  – and even the potential risks – of allowing this 
situation to continue were repeatedly stressed . This h ighlight s even more the urgency of prioriti zing 
the developmental dimension of trade and the critical role of the WTO in this regard. The  ten G90 
proposals , which were significantly reduced from the more than 150 with which we started, 
constitute a serious , well-reasoned and logic basis on which to reinject life into the developmental 
dimension . They can generate more meaningful impetus  and traction towards unlocking the trade 
potential for developing countries and LDCs , and a more meaningful integration into global trade.  
57. The quest for more clarity  and flexibility convey ed in the ten ASPs is neither new , nor is it an 
impossible task. Our Ministers tasked us with these objectives over 20 years ago , and again as 
recently as June 2022 at MC12. So far, we have largely failed to deliver.  All ten ASPs are important 
and merit ur gent, serious attention. As Zimbabwe, we fully support the suggestion  that we begin 
with the SPS and TBT Agreements. Experience show s that environmental and related health 
requirements , amongst others, are multiplying today . They are  becoming more complica ted in 
nature and are often beyond the technical and financial capacity  of developing countries and LDC s 
in terms of easy compliance or rapid resolution  – embedded S&D  flexibilities and opportunities 
notwithstanding. Critical export markets are at risk , with significantly  negative imp lications  for 
revenue generation, employment and livelihoods in our countries . This is especially the case in the 
agricultural sector, whi ch is the bedrock of the majority of developing  countries'  and LDCs ' 
economies. If we are to recover from the impact of COVID -19, from the food security impact of the 
ongoing European conflict and from the intensifying impact of climate change, and if we a re to 
mitigate against what is building towards a very significant migration crisis driven largely by climate 
change,  then it would be largely on the basis of agricultu ral and related development , which provide 
the engine for recovery . I hope that our c olleagues on the other side of development divide  will 
acknowledge the need for new approaches,  and the need for open, transparent engagement in order 
to deliver progress on this critical aspect  of trade and development. I am encouraged by what I have 
heard in th e room this afternoon . There seems to be genuine willingness to engage transparently 
towards acceptable, practicable  and workable solution s as mandated by our Ministers . We should 
strive for th is before , or at least no later than , MC13. The paper before us provides a practical, 
workable roadmap with a clear work programme and structure for discussion , and with a clear 
destination in sight . I believe that we should all commit to following it.  
58. The representative of Niger  delivered the following stateme nt:  
59. My delegation associates itself with the statements delivered by South Africa on behalf of the 
G90, Kenya on behalf of the ACP  Group , Namibia  on behalf of the African Group, and The Gambia 
on behalf of the LDC Group. We thank the Director -General for her intervention at the opening of 
today's meeting. We would like to recall the mandate given by our Ministers at MC12  to continue 
seeking improvements in the application of S&D in the CTD SS and to report on progress to the 
General Co uncil before MC13. This  outcome  is the reaffirmation of the longstanding mandate of the 
CTD SS to fulfil the objective of paragraph 44 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration, which is to make 
S&D provisions more precise, effective and operational.  We also wel come the informal General 
Council meeting on the development  dimension of WTO reform  held on 2-3 February 2023 . This 
meeting was successful in revealing a consensus among Members on the centrality of development 
as a fundamental objective of the multilater al trading system , including the fact that S&D remains 
at the heart of existing and future Agreements.  The new submission by the G90 does not replace 
previous submissions but rather serves as a synthesis of them. It highlights the principles underlying 
the proposals on the respective S&D provisions in the ten specific Agreements identified . The aim is 
to address the imbalances that limit the development prospects of developing countries, including 
the least developed among them. My delegation supports the proposed work programme and calls 
on all Members to engage constructively in this programme to effectively addre ss the ten ASPs . TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  60. The representative of Jamaica  delivered the following statement:  
61. Our renewed mandate in paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Document is to continue to work 
on improving the application of S&D in the CTD SS, and other relevant venues in the WT O, and to 
report on progress to the General Council before MC13.  As the Director -General has rightly indicated, 
S&D is an important part of the WTO’s work. It is particularly  critical at this moment, as we see it 
as complementary to the discussions underway on WTO reform  and the work on development more 
generally. Jamaica, as part of the G90, is therefore grateful for your convening of this meeting to 
discuss the document circ ulated by the G90. We hope that delegations find the document useful and 
adequate to serve as a basis for the implementation of paragraph 2 of the MC12 Outcome Document. 
G90 members have shown adequate flexibility over the decades with the reduction of the proposals 
from over 150 to ten ASPs. There is no doubt that the ability of developing countries to use S&D 
provisions in the WTO relates to the need to make these provisions more precise, effective and 
operational. It is important for us to have structure d work around the ten ASPs with a view to 
narrowing the differences as soon as possible , given that MC13 is less than one year away. We 
should explore all avenues in this regard  – including collaboration with external stakeholders, invit ing 
experts to cont ribute to the discussions and the convening of seminars, workshops and other for ums 
for dedicated discussions as deemed necessary. Given the issues we face with non -tariff barriers, 
including those trade restrictive policies disguised as necessary environm ental measures, we support 
commencing with SPS and TBT.  However, we must keep in mind the need to make progress on all 
ten ASPs. We invite  Members to engage constructively with a view to finding convergence on the 
way forward. We stand ready to engage with  our fellow WTO partners on these proposals. In closing , 
we align ourselves with the introduction by South Africa on behalf of the G90 and the statement by 
Kenya on behalf of the ACP Group.  
62. The representative of Japan  delivered the following statement:  
63. First and foremost, we note the importance of following para graph  2 of the MC12 Outcome 
Document in good faith . We would like to express our sincere appreciation for the explanation by 
the G90 proponents of their latest proposal.  After listening carefully to the statement by South Africa, 
we understand that the G90 has withdrawn the original text of  the proposal s in document 
JOB/DEV/60 . As South Africa explained , the G90 's intention is to provide text -based proposals in the 
near future.  SPS and TB T have been identified as the ASPs to be discussed as a priority in the most 
recent paper . However , before the text -based discussions , we would like to properly understand the 
actual problems that developing countries and LDCs are having when operating wit hin the framework 
of the current regulations.  Regarding the argument s put forth by develop ing countries to further 
expand the provisions in existing Agreements – for example, regarding  prior notification, technical 
assistance, or compensatory adjustment measures – we believe that it is important to engage in 
evidence -based discussions on the problems that have arisen under the current provisions with a 
view to strengthening S&D provisio ns and making them more precise, effective and operational.  In 
this regard, it is necessary to make appropriate use of monitoring mechanisms that are not 
functioning in the CTD. As such, we  must redouble our efforts to uncover specific problems under 
the c urrent regulations.  Keeping these perspectives in mind, we would like to engage in the 
discussions constructively.  
64. The representative of China  delivered the following statement:  
65. I would like to thank South Africa for presenting the submission on behalf of the G90. I would  
also like to thank the Director -General for her remarks. As the D irector -General  and the C hair 
mentioned, we have to work quickly to achieve concrete outcomes at MC13 . China welcomes the 
renewed propo sal regarding S&D. The new submission  updates the ten ASPs to make Members focus 
on the development dimension, and to solve the difficulties faced by developing Members and LDCs 
in terms of the implementation of S&D provisions. As a fundamental principle o f the WTO, S&D helps 
bridge the development divide between Members and helps developing Members and LDCs better 
integrate into the  multilateral trading system . It is encouraging that , at the informal meeting on 
WTO reform focused on development held last m onth, Members recognize d that development is the 
core of  the WTO. What we need to do is translate the consensus into concrete actions. As for the 
proposal s by the G90, some address the shortcomings of the existing S&D provisions ; some are 
target ed at restoring certain good practices in  multilateral rules ; some urge developed Members to 
fulfill their commitments ; and  some call for speeding up the accession process. Overall, t hese 
proposals are reasonable demands. Regarding Section B of the submissio n, China agree s to conduct 
focused discussion s on the current ASPs. We also support an increase in the frequency of CTD  SS TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  meetings and to have necessary informal discussions to maintain the momentum and visibility. China 
urges developed Members to substan tively engage in the discussions within the framework of the 
CTD SS, and  to actively interact with the G90 to implement the mandate contained in paragraph 2 
of the MC12 Outcome Document.  As the largest developing country in the world, China is willing to 
work with all Members to implement the global development initiative and carry out the priority of 
development. China would like to promote tangible  outcomes in this area  at MC13 . 
66. The representative of Switzerland  delivered the following statement:  
67. In line with the mandate contained in the MC12 Outcome Document, Switzerland is ready to 
engage in this discussion. We are very supportive of finding ways to better include developing 
countries and LDCs in global trade , as evidence d for instance by our significant engagement in the 
Aid for Trade area. Switzerland notes that the discussion in this group has a long history  and has 
provided very few results , despite many efforts over the years.  We note that the proponents ha ve 
decided to reintroduce proposals that did not attract consensus in the past. We are curious whether 
that is the best way to unlock convergence.  As a matter of principle, Switzerland is of the view that 
strong and resilient multilateral rules create the best environment for the inclusion of developing 
countries and LDCs in global trade. These rules create predictability and transparency in the trading 
environment. If such rules are weakened, more vulnerable Members may be the first to suffer from 
unpredic tability and  lack of transparency  in the context of  both North -South and South -South trade.  
Switzerland would like to emphasize  that our discussions should be evidence -based. To create a 
shared understanding of the issues under discussion, the proponents could come forward with 
real-life examples and data where the existing provisions have created obstacles for developing 
countrie s to achieve their development goals. As the proponents seem to prioritize the issues of SPS 
and TBT, such evidence could come from this area of WTO work.  We also note that the Monitoring 
Mechanism remains available to Members. It was created precisely to reinforce the evidence  base 
for discussions on S &D. 
68. The representative of the Philippines  delivered the following state ment:  
69. The Philippines recognizes the importance of S&D provisions, particularly in promoting the 
integration of developing countries int o the global trading system. Additionally, we deem it important 
to highlight the principle of equity among Members. Equity is a fundamental principle which 
recognizes that the multilateral trading system  should benefit all Members, and particularly 
developing countries and LDCs. S&D is one of the key instruments to ensur e that the benefits of the 
WTO Agreements are shared equitably, by allowing developing countries to adopt measures that 
take into account  their specific development prior ities, needs and challenges. Further, we recognize 
that self -responsibility is equally important in ensuring the effective implementation of S &D. This 
involves  taking ownership of development objectives and pursu ing policies and strategies that are 
consist ent with national priorities and resources. We thank the G90 for their efforts in putting forward 
this submission , which includes measures that aim to enhance the effectiveness of S&D in addressing 
the development needs and challenges of developing countri es, especially the LDCs. While we are 
still considering the proposal, we see it to be part of a system ic and comprehensive assessment of 
the implementation of S&D and the identification of gaps and challenges. As we had mentioned 
during the last General Co uncil meeting, we would support organizing thematic sessions on SPS and 
TBT that focus on the challenges faced by developing Members. We emphasize that the effective 
implementation of S&D is crucial in ensuring that the benefits of the global trading syste m are 
inclusive and that no one is left behind. We look forward to working with the Membership toward 
this end.  
70. The representative of New Zealand  delivered the following statement:  
71. I would like  to thank the G90 for their presentation of the updated paper today and other 
Members for expressi ng their views this afternoon. You asked particularly for our views on Section  B 
of the paper. We note in this regard the practical proposal in paragraph 15 to focus , in the first 
instance , on the proposals relatin g to the SPS and TBT Agreements. From New Zealand's 
perspective, we are open to having discussions on these proposals. We would see it as particularly 
important to engage in the technical details and to identify in specific terms the issues that have 
been identified by particular countries in relation to these proposals. We would also need the input 
of technical experts in the SPS and TBT areas. In sum, New Zealand is  open to working with other 
Members in undertaking a detailed examination of the specific and technical issues , taking into 
account the timetabl ing consideration s mentioned by other colleagues.  TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  72. The representative of Bangladesh  delivered the following statement:  
73. Bangladesh welcomes the statement  by the Director -General . My delegation al igns itself with 
the statement s by South Africa on behalf of the G90 and The Gambia on behalf of the LDC Group . 
We welcome the constructive discussions held at the informal General  Council meeting on WTO 
reform focusing on  development and the consensus tha t emerged among Members.  The latest G90 
submission compl ements previous submissions and highlights  the principles that inform and 
rationalize the proposals on the ten S&D  provisions. It also proposes a structured work programme 
for the CTD  SS, including formal and informal meetings or workshops as necessary. Focused  
discussions and engagement in  the work programme under the CTD  SS on each of the ASPs, as well 
as expert opinion s from agencies such as UNCTAD or the South Centre,  would help to  respond to 
the comments from some Members on the nature of the discussions  that they would like to see i n 
the CTD  SS. Bangladesh support s the proposed work programme to address each of the ten ASPs 
on their individual or respective merits. We would also like to note that the basis for some of the  
proposals stems from difficulties in utilizing certain S&D provisions . These provisions must be  made 
more precise, effective and operational , particularly for the  LDCs. As part of the LDC Group  and the 
G90, we look forward to a positive and constructive  engagement with Members with a view to having 
a fruitful result  at MC13 . 
74. The representative of the Republic of Korea  delivered the following statement:  
75. Development is one of the most important pillars of the WTO rules -based trading system. S&D 
is a core element of WTO rules and assists developing countries, especially the LDCs, achieve 
important development goals. Korea  welcomes the recent G90 submission  regarding S&D. We thank 
the delegation of South Africa for presenting this proposal on behalf of the G90. As Korea has 
expressed before, we are open to discussing S& D provisions, with the recognition that they serve 
not as blanket exemptions or waivers to existing obligations, but rather as important and 
constructive tools for development . Discussions  should be on the basis of empirical and fact -based 
assessments of the needs of developing Members. We look forward to enga ging in substantive and 
constructive discussions on the G90 proposal s. 
76. The representative of Nigeria  delivered the following statement:  
77. My delegation aligns itself with the statement by South Africa on behalf of the G90 , as well as 
the statement s by the ACP Group and the African Group. I would like  to reiterate that S&D is an 
integral part of the WTO Agreements. It was because  of the lack of sufficient  capacity by developing 
countries that S&D provision s were embedded into the WTO Agreements for the p urpose of helping 
the development of those countries . It is critically important that Members adhere to the mandate  
in paragraph 2 of the MC12  Outcome Document . It is equally important that Members consider the 
G90 proposals . This would pave the way for a constructive engagement to address many of the 
fundamental issues affecting the development of developing countries. I want to urge Members to 
fully engage in a constructive discussion on the way these development issues will be tackled in the 
WTO. Nigeria will always be available for such a constructive engagement until the desired objectives 
are addressed.  
78. The representative of Australia  delivered the following statement:  
79. We thank the G90 for their latest paper. We are a lo ngstanding supporter of targeted S&D 
that responds to the diverse needs of individual Members. We welcome the opportunity to discuss 
ways to improve the application of S&D for LDCs and developing countries that need assistance to 
fully integrate into the m ultilateral trading system, in line with Ministers' instruction s at MC12.We 
are keen to be able to report progress to the General Council before MC13 and are open to the 
paper’s proposed structured approach to the discussions. To aid in our consideration o f the ten ASPs, 
it would be helpful if the G90 could highlight the ways in which the new proposals differ from those 
previously put forward, which have been discussed at length. We once again thank the G90 for this 
paper and look forward to engaging constr uctively in discussions on the proposals.  
80. The representative of the European Union  delivered the following statement:  
81. Thank you  for all your efforts. I would also like to thank the Director -General for her 
statement, referring to the MC12 renewed mandate, and her pertinent questions to the Members of TN/CTD/M/58  
 
- 18 - 
 
  this Committee. I thank the G90 for their paper , which made this meeting possible.  We note that 
the G90 has circulate d another timely submission on the ten ASPs, and that South Africa on behalf 
of the G90 has just announced further textual proposals.  Like Australia, we would welcome a 
present ation and expla nation  of the new proposals, with  an indication of the specific u pdates made  
– especially explaining the differences from previous submissions. We would welcome discussions 
with Members on a process and roadmap pre -MC13 , in or around the CTD SS, including on formal 
versus informal meetings; workshops; and what kind of f actual information would be required for a 
meaningful discussion. We note that the timetable included in the G90 unofficial room document of 
September 2022 is no longer possible. We would suggest that any timetable be based on  the 
substantive progress made  following an agreed meeting schedule.  The European Union is open to 
the G90 's idea of having dedicated discussions in or around the CTD SS, with a view to reporting to 
a future General Council meeting, along the lines of Section B of the latest G90 submission. However, 
it is key that these discussions are well prepared in order to identify those issues where progress is 
possible. This would r equire pragmatism and a focus on responding to the needs of those countries 
that face particular difficulties in integrating in to the global trading system. Only in this way can we 
prevent a simple repeat of the process  from just a couple of years ago  of going through the ten 
ASPs.  I sense a general appetite for more evidence -based decision -making to address what I 
understand are real problems.  To plan for one or more workshops with experts and external 
stakeholders could be a good way to proceed , with furt her information  being provided  on the specific 
needs and challenges faced by LDCs and developing countries, and with experience sharing. In 
addition to participants from the WTO Secretariat, it would be useful to invite experts from 
international organi zations such as the ITC and UNCTAD . I would add the World Bank , which has 
not been mentioned up to now . As proposed by the G90, we would also see an interest in starting 
dedicated sessions on two proposals. We are open to discuss how to facilitate practical solutions to 
specific challenges faced by LDCs and developing countries in the implementation of the  SPS and 
TBT Agreements . The set ting up of any planned dedicated sessions should provide enough time for 
proper preparation between each session  and should  involv e the necessary expertise. I trust that 
this meeting gives yo u enough input and energy to help  Members organi ze the work in the most 
fruitful way.  In closing, I congratulate Namibia and Tunisia for their independence days.  
82. The representative of Brazil  delivered the following statement:  
83. I am speaking on behalf of the new Brazilian Government . We are going to have a new 
Ambassador soon  and we will dedicate special attention to the discussions in the CTD SS. Brazil , as 
a developing country , is still evaluating the G90 proposal s and hopes to pre sent its contribution in a 
constructive way very soon. Our main goal is to reach an agreement on this issue by MC13 . There 
are elements here that are very important to some countries,  and we look forward to having certain 
points  clarified . 
84. The representati ve of Tanzania  delivered the following statement:  
85. I would like to register our appreciation to the D irector -General  for her insightful remarks and 
her commitment to continue working on this important file.  S&D is an integral part of the WTO 
Agreements. This has been reaffirmed by many delegations in their interventions today. I would like 
to align my delegation's state ment with the statements delivered by the ACP Group , the African  
Group and the LDC Group , as well as with the collective submission of the G90 as presented by the 
delegation of South Africa. As was mentioned by the D irector -General , there is nothing new in the 
submission of the G90 . The objectives of the G90 proposals have been discussed in detail several 
times . What has been lacking is the political will , particularly from a handful of Members. With the 
renewed commitment  from MC12 , we look forward to rein vigorated discussions based on the ASPs. 
The COVID -19 pandemic and the ongoing multifaceted crises are reinforcing the need for developing 
countries to remain resilient and engag e intensively in the industriali zation process. The ten ASPs 
are the bare mini mum for the proponents . In the current situation, my delegation was thinking of 
review ing the proposals. However, for the sake of not backtracking the process, we have refrained 
from doing so. Nevertheless, the economies  of developing countries are really struggling with the 
current challenges. My delegation therefore sees a lot of relevance for the G90 proposals. I am 
sharing this to re-emphasize the importance of the mandate enshrined in paragraph 44 of the Doha 
Ministerial Declaration, which is even more relevant now due to the challenges that developing 
countries are facing . I also want to pledge our support for the proposed roadmap. As we move 
towards MC13, my delegation looks forward to reinvigorating the discussions and engaging more 
frequently . My delegation is ready to engage in a very flexible manner to ensure  that this file is 
taken f orward.  TN/CTD/M/58  
 
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  86. The representative of the United States  delivered the following statement:  
87. Let me start with your question on Section B of the submission. The delegation of the 
United  States supports the review process that is proposed. We find it flexible and thoughtful. We 
welcome the approach of reviewing two ASPs at a time  and we also support the idea of inviting 
technical experts to contribute to the dialogue ahead. In particular, we would like to include the 
private sector among the stakeholders  to contribute to the dialogue. Going back to some general 
comments, let me say that w e have been listening with great interest to the conversation today. 
Thank you for your efforts to facil itate discussion in the CTD SS. Our common objective in applying 
S&D is to help the poorest and least integrated Members among us to implement WTO rules and 
fully integrate into the multilateral trading system . With this goal in mind, I would like to offer  three  
initial thoughts . First, we stand ready to contribute to this conversation . However,  we need to engage 
on specifics . Specifically, why aren’t the existing flexibilities working for a Member? What has made 
it difficult for a specific Member to operationalize a flexibility already provided? Second, we remind 
Members that any Member having difficulty availing itself of an ex isting S&D provision in a WTO 
Agreement can bring its concerns to the Monitoring Mechanism. The Monitoring Mechanism, 
established by Ministers at MC9, is an established focal point within the WTO designed to analyze 
and review the implementation of S&D pro visions. We believe that work in the Monitoring Mechanism 
would lead to a more productive and specific discussion on the challenges and opportunities of 
utilizing existing S&D provisions.  We should at least give it a try. The list of S&D measures and 
flexibilities that the G90 are seeking is quite broad, with differing possibilities in terms of who the 
flexibilities would apply to, whether the flexibility is already provided for in an Agreement, and how 
any flexibility could be applied – for example, as gra nted by Members through Committee action. 
Third, as you know, we do not favor additional blanket S&D. Approaching the list of S&D measures 
as a single package makes the conversation much more difficult and less productive.  However, we 
are open to a case -by-case discussion. We need to recognize that, while the CTD is a focal point for 
development, concerns on the application of S&D measures and flexibilities in specific Agreements 
will need to be raised and discussed in the appropriate responsible Committees  – SPS, TBT and 
TRIPS , among others . We stand ready to engage in these conversations , but we want to ensure that 
these conversations are geared to helping the poorest and least integrated Members implement WTO 
rules and fully integrate into the multilatera l trading system . 
88. The representative of South Africa  delivered the following statement:  
89. Let me start by welcoming the positive and constructive spirit that Members have engaged in . 
What I sense is an endorsement of the roadmap that the G90 has proposed . We believe that the 
best way to move forward would be to request the Chair  to develop a schedule of meetings to 
facilitate the proper preparation of our work. The G90 has been painstak ingly advocating for progress 
on the ten ASPs through various submissions . The new submission is another attempt to 
conceptualize the importance of the ASPs. We look forward to positive engagement with Members 
to ensure that  we make progress and that  there  is something to report to the G eneral Council,  as 
mandated by our Ministers. The litmus test for MC13 would be our ability to deliver on this 
longstanding mandate. I will now briefly respond to a number of issues raised by some Members. In 
response to Japan , I would like to make it clear that the G90 has not withdrawn its proposals. The 
new document  builds on previous submissions by the G90 . The submissions that will follow will be 
an enhancement of the existing proposals. We call on all Members to work with us to ensure that 
we deliver concretely on S&D and the development mandate. In response to  Switzerland, we want 
to reiterate that we are starting with TBT and SPS as a practical way of organiz ing the work and 
assisting Members to prepare for the discussions. However, i t does not mean that we are pri oritizing 
these two proposals over the other  proposals. All ten proposals remain  important. We are proposing 
to deal with two ASPs at a time to have detailed and deeper technical discussions to assist Members 
to identify possible areas of convergence. In response to the United States , the rationale for the 
work that we are putting forward arises from the fact that the S&D provisions in various Agreements 
are vague, of a best endeavour nature and not precise . This makes the application of S&D difficult , 
which is why a  mandate was given to strengthen the se provisions with a view to making them more 
precise, effective and operational. The negotiat ing mandate for that work is with the CTD SS , as 
confirmed by the D irector -General  today . 
90. The Chairperson  said that , after  listen ing to all the interventions , she believed that Members 
could agree to the process proposed by the G90 in Section B of the new submission . She invited the 
Special Session to agree to this process.  TN/CTD/M/58  
 
- 20 - 
 
  91. It was so agreed .  
92. The Chairperson  noted that  she had also heard some suggestions  at the present meeting  on 
how the agreed process could be facilitated.  She would consider these suggestions when thinking 
about how to structure the work of the Special Session  and would be in touch with Members  on the 
next st eps. At the informal General Council meeting on the development dimension of WTO reform 
held in February 2023, Members had agreed  on the centrality of development in the work of the 
WTO. Making progress  in the discuss ions in the CTD SS  was an opportunity to put this into practice  
and could also be useful in advancing the work on S&D in other WTO bodies . She agreed with the 
representative of Barbados on the need to translate the words of support for development into a 
solution based on a demand -driven development request.  She encouraged delegations to think of 
how the ten ASPs could be instrumental in materializing opportunities  while also addressing the 
various challenges that had been described during the meeting . Members were  called upon to 
participate actively and constructively in the upcoming discussions in the CTD SS and to engage in 
good faith and with an open mind. She counted on Members' constructiveness and creativeness. 
Finally, she indicated that , when drawing up a schedule of CTD SS meetings,  efforts would be made 
for the benefit of small delegations to avoid clashes with meetings of negotiating bodies and other 
main WTO bodies.  
93. The Special Session took note  of all interventions.  
D. OTHER BUSINESS  
94. No matter was raised  under "Other Business" . 
95. The meeting was adjourned . 
 
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