WORLD TRADE WT/TC/NOTIF/TRIMS/1
15October 1996
ORGANIZATION(96-4342)
Original: English
TECHNICAL COOPERATION HANDBOOK ONNOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
Agreement onTrade-Related Investment Measures
1. Thissection oftheHandbook onNotification Requirements covers thenotification obligations
under theAgreement onTrade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs). Itconsists ofthefollowing
fiveparts:
PartI: Overview ofnotification requirements
PartII: Listing ofthenotification obligations
PartIII: Document(s) concerning guidelines andformats
PartIV: "Mock" examples ofnotifications
PartV: TextoftheAgreement
2. Foracceding countries, thedeadlines forthesubmission oftheirnotifications willbegoverned
bytheirrespective Protocols ofAccession.
Note: TheHandbook onNotification Requirements doesnotconstitute alegalinterpretation of
thenotification obligations under therespective Agreement(s). Ithasbeen prepared bythe
Secretariat toassist Members incomplying withtheirnotification obligations.TRIMS-I -Page1
TRIMS-I
AGREEMENT ONTHE TRADE-RELATED
INVESTMENT MEASURES
OVERVIEW OFNOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTSTRIMS-I -Page2
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES
1. Notification requirements areinArticles 5.1,5.5and6.2oftheAgreement. Although the
Agreement provides thatnotifications under Article 5.1and5.5aretobemade totheCouncil forTrade
inGoods, theCouncil hasdelegated itstasks inthisrespect totheCommittee onTrade-Related
Investment Measures. Themostimportant requirement isthatofArticle 5.1,which provides forthe
notification ofTRIMs inconsistent withtheAgreement within 90daysaftertheentry intoforce ofthe
Agreement (i.e.by31March 1995). Measures inconsistent withtheTRIMs Agreement aretrade-related
investment measures which arenotinconformity withArticle IIIorXIofGATT 1994andwhich do
notfallunder anyexception mentioned inArticles 3and4oftheTRIMs Agreement. TheAnnex to
theAgreement contains alistillustrating measures which areinconsistent withArticles III:4andXI:1
ofGATT 1994. Under Article 5.2measures notified under Article 5.1havetobeeliminated during
atransition period oftwoyears fordeveloped countries, fiveyears fordeveloping countries andseven
yearsforleast-developedcountries.ThetransitionperiodsunderArticle5.2areavailableonlyinrelation
toTRIMs introduced notlaterthan180daysbefore theentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement.
Article 5.3provides thepossibility foranextension ofthetransition period bytheCouncil forTrade
inGoods incaseofdeveloping country Members, including least-developed country Members, which
demonstrate particular difficulties inimplementing theAgreement.
2. Aformat fornotifications under Article 5.1hasbeencirculated indocument G/TRIMS/1.
3. AGeneral Council Decision (WT/L/64) provides thatstates andseparate customs territories
eligible tobecome original WTO Members thataccept theWTO Agreement after1January 1995shall
haveaperiod of90daysafterthedateoftheiracceptance oftheWTO Agreement tomake notifications
under Article 5.1oftheTRIMs Agreement. TheDecision onlyrelates totheperiod within which
notifications aretobemade under Article 5.1anddoesnotconcern theduration ofthephase-out periods
inArticle 5.2ortherequirements ofArticle 5.4,bothofwhich would continue tobegoverned by
reference tothedateofentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement itself. TheDecision doesnotaffect
thesituation ofstates andcustoms territories acceding totheWTO under Article XIIoftheWTO
Agreement, which willbegoverned bytheirprotocols ofaccession.
4. Twenty-four Members havenotified measures under Article 5.1.Inaddition, eightMembers
havenotified theCommittee thattheydonotmaintain measures inconsistent withtheAgreement.
Itshould benoted, however, thatthelatter typeofnotifications isnotrequired under theAgreement.
5. Article 5.5provides fornotification oftheapplication toanewinvestment ofaTRIM previously
notified under Article 5.1. TheCommittee hasadopted astandard format forsuchnotifications
(G/TRIMS/3).
6. Article 6.2requires notifications totheSecretariat ofpublications inwhich TRIMs maybe
found. TheCommittee hasadopted procedures fortheimplementation ofthisprovision (G/TRIMS/5).TRIMS-II -Page1
TRIMS-II
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED
INVESTMENT MEASURES
NOTIFICATION OBLIGATIONSTRIMS-II -Page2
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES
NOTIFICATION OBLIGATIONS
Item Notification requirement Type ofmeasure Periodicity Format Members notifying ToWhom
1. Agreement on
Trade-Related Investment
Measures, Art.5.1Trade-related investment
measures (TRIMs)
introduced 180days ormore
before thedateofentry into
force oftheWTO
Agreement which are
inconsistent withthe
provisions ofArticle IIIor
Article XIofGATT 1994
andnotjustified under
exceptions toGATT 1994.Once within
90days ofthedate
ofentry intoforce
oftheWTO
Agreement
*
Original Members
accepting the
WTO after
1January 1995
have 90days after
acceptance tomake
thisnotification
(WT/L/64).G/TRIMS/1 WTO Members Committee on
TRIMsTRIMS-II -Page3
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES
NOTIFICATION OBLIGATIONS
Item Notification requirement Type ofmeasure Periodicity Format Members notifying ToWhom
2. Agreement on
Trade-Related Investment
Measures, Art.5.5Theapplication during the
transition periods provided
forinArticle 5.2ofatrade-
related investment measure
notified under Article 5.1to
newinvestments, subject to
therequirements that(i)the
products ofsuch new
investments arelikeproducts
ofestablished enterprises to
which thenotified TRIM
applies and(ii)the
application oftheTRIM to
newinvestments isnecessary
toavoid adistortion of
competition between thenew
investment andsuch
established enterprisesAdhocbutonly
within aperiod of
2years for
developed, 5years
fordeveloping and
7years for
least-developed
country Members as
ofthedateofentry
intoforce ofthe
WTO AgreementG/TRIMS/3 WTO Members -adhoc Committee on
TRIMsTRIMS-II -Page4
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES
NOTIFICATION OBLIGATIONS
Item Notification requirement Type ofmeasure Periodicity Format Members notifying ToWhom
3. Agreement on
Trade-Related Investment
Measures, Art.6.2Lists ofpublications in
which investment measures
related togoods (TRIMs)
maybefoundOnce by1February
1997 andadhocto
update thelistsas
appropriateG/TRIMS/5 WTO Members WTO
SecretariatTRIMS-III -Page1
TRIMS-III
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED
INVESTMENT MEASURES
DOCUMENTS
G/TRIMS/1
G/TRIMS/3
G/TRIMS/5
WT/L/64RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE G/TRIMS/1
26January 1995
ORGANIZATION
(95-0141)
NOTIFICATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 5.1OFTHE TRIMS AGREEMENT
Note bytheSecretariat
Under Article 5.1oftheAgreement onTrade-Related Investment Measures, WTO Members
commit themselves tonotify, within 90daysoftheentry intoforceoftheWTO Agreement, theCouncil
forTrade inGoods ofalltrade-related investment measures theyareapplying thatarenotinconformity
withtheprovisions ofthatAgreement. Accordingly, Members areinvited tonotify suchmeasures
nolaterthan31March 1995.
Attached istheformat forsuchnotifications approved bythePreparatory Committee and
transmitted totheWTO forinformation andimplementation (PC/R, paragraph 45).
./.G/TRIMS/1
Page2
FORMAT FOR NOTIFICATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 5.1OFTHE AGREEMENT ONTRIMs
Thisformat iswithout prejudice totherights andobligations ofMembers under theTRIMs
Agreement.
(i) Description oftheMeasure andofitsMain Features
Thenotification should clearly identify themeasure thatisbeing notified under Article 5.1
oftheAgreement onTRIMs. Anymoregeneral information about theprogramme ofwhich themeasure
forms apartandwhich thenotifying Member wishes tocommunicate should beprovided under point (ii)
below. Where suchaprogramme involves more thanoneTRIM, theyshould benotified separately.
Themeasure anditsmainfeatures should bedescribed insufficient detail toenable thenature
andscope ofthemeasure tobeclearly defined. Inparticular, along withthemeasure itself, thefollowing
principal features should bedescribed whenever relevant:
1. Thecategory intheillustrative listunder which themeasure falls.
2. Whether theTRIM isapplied bythegovernment oftheMember under discretionary authority
ormandatory legislation. Intheformer case, eachspecific application shallbenotified and
enterprises subject tothemeasure identified.
3. Where theTRIM isgeneral innature, thecriteria fordetermining towhich enterprises itapplies
insufficient detail toenable those enterprises tobeidentified.
4. Where theTRIM isapplied pursuant tomandatory legislation, whether thelegislation requires
themeasure tobeapplied tonewenterprises ornewinvestments ofexisting enterprises.
5. Whether compliance withthemeasure bytheenterprise is(a)mandatory orenforceable under
domestic laworadministrative rulings or(b)necessary toobtain anadvantage. Inthelatter
case, thenature oftheadvantage should bedescribed.1
6. When theTRIM relates tospecific products, sufficient detail onthese products todefine the
scope ofthemeasure.
7. ThedateofimplementationoftheTRIMandthenatureofanymodificationoftheTRIMeffected
within 180daysprior totheentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement.
8. Whether theTRIM, asapplied under domestic law,includes provision foritsphasing-down
and/or elimination. Ifso,details should begiven.
9. Thedomestic law,regulation oradministrative guideline under which theTRIM isapplied;
acopy should besubmitted totheSecretariat tobeavailable forinspection byinterested
Members.
10. Thelevelofgovernment applying theTRIM, thename oftheimplementing agency andany
information ontheprocedures governing itsapplication necessary toenable itsnature andscope
tobeunderstood.
(ii) General Information ontheProgramme inQuestion
Where appropriate, Members should provide more general information about theprogramme
ofwhich thenotified TRIM forms apart.
_______________
1Information thatwould prejudice thelegitimate commercial interests ofparticular enterprises neednotbenotified.RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE G/TRIMS/3
7December 1995
ORGANIZATION(95-3986)
Committee onTrade-Related Investment Measures
NOTIFICATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 5.5OFTHE TRIMS AGREEMENT
Decision
Atitsmeetingof19October1995,theCommitteeonTrade-RelatedInvestmentMeasuresadopted
thefollowing standard format fornotifications under Article 5.5oftheAgreement.
_______________
1. Identification, byreferring totherelevant notification under Article 5.1,ofthepre-existing
TRIM thatisbeing applied toanewinvestment.
2. Description ofthenewinvestment towhich theTRIM isbeing applied.
3. Dateofapplication oftheTRIM tothenewinvestment.
4. Information ontheproducts covered bythenewinvestment ascompared withthose ofthe
established enterprises covered bythepreviously notified TRIM.
5. Explanation ofwhytheapplication oftheTRIM tothenewinvestment isnecessary toavoid
distorting theconditions ofcompetition between thenewinvestment andestablished enterprises,
andanexplanation ofhowitisensured thatthecompetitive effect oftheTRIM applied toa
newinvestment isequivalent tothecompetitive effect oftheTRIM applicable toestablished
enterprises.
6. Thedomestic law,regulation oradministrative guideline under which theTRIM isapplied
tothenewinvestment. Acopyshould besupplied totheSecretariat tobeavailable forinspection
byinterested delegations -unless thishasalready beendoneinconnection withtheoriginal
notification oftheTRIM.
7. Anyother information about theapplication oftheTRIM tothenewinvestment thatdiffers
fromthatpreviously notified inrespect oftheTRIM inresponse tosection (i),points 1-5and
10,andsection (ii)oftheformat fornotifications under Article 5.11andconfirmation thatthe
remainder ofthepreviously notified information isalsovalid inrespect oftheapplication of
theTRIM tothenewinvestment.
1Document G/TRIMS/1WORLD TRADE G/TRIMS/5
30October 1996
ORGANIZATION(96-4565)
Committee onTrade-Related Investment Measures
NOTIFICATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 6.2OFTHE TRIMS AGREEMENT
Decision oftheCommittee of30September 1996
1. Article 6.2oftheTRIMs Agreement provides:
EachMember shallnotify theSecretariat ofthepublications inwhich TRIMs maybe
found, including those applied byregional andlocalgovernments andauthorities within
theirterritories.
2. Thisprovision doesnotenvisage notifications ofparticular laws, regulations ormeasures but
ofpublications. Itapplies toallWTO Members, covers alllevels ofgovernment andrefers toany
TRIM, whether ornotinconformity withArticles IIIandXIoftheGATT 1994.
3. TheCommittee decides thateachMember implement Article 6.2byproviding theSecretariat
withthename(s) ofpublication(s) inwhich TRIMs maybefound, where suchpublications exist,
including those applied byregional andlocalgovernments andauthorities within theirterritories, and
theaddresses fromwhich copies canbeobtained. Members arenotexpected tosubmit copies ofsuch
publications. Thenotification would bewithout prejudice tothelegalconsistency ofanyTRIMs which
maybefound inthese publications notified.
4. The"publications", notification ofwhich isenvisaged under Article 6.2,areofficial sources
which would contain relevant laws, regulations ormeasures ofmore specific character. Suchsources
mayinclude official gazettes, butitmight bemore helpful ifMembers included references tospecific
publicationsofrelevantagencies(e.g.bulletinsorperiodicalsofarelevantministryorforeigninvestment
board).
5. Members areinvited tosubmit listsofsuchpublications by1February 1997 andtoupdate
these listsasappropriate. TheSecretariat willconsolidate notifications under Article 6.2inasingle
document which willbeupdated astheneedarises.WORLD TRADE WT/L/64
10April 1995
ORGANIZATION(95-0868)
NOTIFICATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 5.1OFTHE AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED
INVESTMENT MEASURES BYSTATES AND SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORIES
ELIGIBLE TOBECOME ORIGINAL WTO MEMBERS THAT ACCEPT THE WTO
AGREEMENT AFTER ITSENTRY INTO FORCE
Decision adopted bytheGeneral Council on3April 1995
1. States andseparate customs territories eligible tobecome original Members oftheWTO that
accept theWTO Agreement after1January 1995shallhaveaperiod of90daysafterthedateoftheir
acceptance oftheWTO Agreement tomake notifications under Article 5.1oftheAgreement onTrade-
Related Investment Measures.
2. Thisdecision relates onlytotheperiod within which notifications aretobemade under Article 5.1
oftheAgreement onTrade-Related Investment Measures anddoesnotconcern theduration ofthe
phase-out periods inArticle 5.2ortherequirements ofArticle 5.4,bothofwhich would continue to
begoverned byreference tothedateofentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement itself.
3. Thisdecision shallnotaffect thesituation ofstates andseparate customs territories acceding to
theWTO Agreement under Article XIIofthatAgreement, which willbegoverned bytheirprotocols
ofaccession.TRIMS-IV -Page1
TRIMS-IV
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED
INVESTMENT MEASURES
EXAMPLESTRIMS-IV -Page2
"MOCK" EXAMPLE OFNOTIFICATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 5.1
Case 1: Yourcountry doesnotmaintain anytrade-related investment measure inconsistent with
theAgreement.
There isnorequirement under theAgreement tomake anotification.
Case 2: Your country isaMember oftheWTO asof1January 1995andmaintains ameasure
which requires, orprovides anadvantage conditional upon, theusebyenterprises of
acertain percentage ofdomestic inputs intheproduction offinished products.
Themeasure should benotified using theformat inG/TRIMS/1.
Case 3: Your country iseligible tobecome anoriginal WTO Member byaccepting theWTO
Agreementon1June1996andmaintainsmeasuresthatareinconsistentwiththeTRIMs
Agreement.
InaccordancewiththedecisionoftheGeneralCouncil(WT/L/64)yourcountryisrequired
tonotify themeasures under Article 5.1within 90daysafterthedateofitsacceptance
oftheWTO Agreement (format inG/TRIMS/1). Themeasures benefit fromthetransition
period under Article 5.2iftheywereintroduced notlaterthan180daysbefore theentry
intoforce oftheWTO Agreement, i.e.1July1994.
Case 4: Your country introduces anewtrade-related investment measure which isinconsistent
withtheTRIMs Agreement.
Thenotification requirement ofArticle 5.1isnotapplicable inthissituation.TRIMS-V -Page1
TRIMS-V
TEXT OFAGREEMENTTRIMS-V -Page2
AGREEMENT ONTRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES
Members,
Considering thatMinisters agreed inthePunta delEsteDeclaration that"Following an
examination oftheoperation ofGATT Articles related tothetrade restrictive anddistorting effects
ofinvestment measures, negotiations should elaborate, asappropriate, further provisions thatmaybe
necessary toavoid suchadverse effects ontrade";
Desiring topromote theexpansion andprogressive liberalisation ofworld tradeandtofacilitate
investment across international frontiers soastoincrease theeconomic growth ofalltrading partners,
particularly developing country Members, while ensuring freecompetition;
Taking intoaccount theparticular trade, development andfinancial needs ofdeveloping country
Members, particularly those oftheleast-developed country Members;
Recognizing thatcertain investment measures cancause trade-restrictive anddistorting effects;
Hereby agree asfollows:
Article 1
Coverage
ThisAgreement applies toinvestment measures related totrade ingoods only(referred toin
thisAgreement as"TRIMs").
Article 2
National Treatment andQuantitative Restrictions
1. Without prejudice toother rights andobligations under GATT 1994, noMember shallapply
anyTRIM thatisinconsistent withtheprovisions ofArticle IIIorArticle XIofGATT 1994.
2. AnillustrativelistofTRIMsthatareinconsistentwiththeobligationofnationaltreatmentprovided
forinparagraph 4ofArticle IIIofGATT 1994andtheobligation ofgeneral elimination ofquantitative
restrictions provided forinparagraph 1ofArticle XIofGATT 1994iscontained intheAnnex tothis
Agreement.
Article 3
Exceptions
AllexceptionsunderGATT1994shallapply,asappropriate,totheprovisionsofthisAgreement.
Article 4
Developing Country Members
AdevelopingcountryMembershallbefreetodeviatetemporarilyfromtheprovisionsofArticle2
totheextent andinsuchamanner asArticle XVIII ofGATT 1994, theUnderstanding ontheBalance-of-
Payments Provisions ofGATT 1994, andtheDeclaration onTrade Measures Taken forBalance-of-
Payments Purposes adopted on28November 1979(BISD 26S/205-209) permit theMember todeviate
from theprovisions ofArticles IIIandXIofGATT 1994.TRIMS-V -Page3
Article 5
Notification andTransitional Arrangements
1. Members, within 90daysofthedateofentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement, shallnotify
theCouncil forTrade inGoods ofallTRIMs theyareapplying thatarenotinconformity withthe
provisions ofthisAgreement. SuchTRIMs ofgeneral orspecific application shallbenotified, along
withtheirprincipal features.1
2. EachMember shalleliminate allTRIMs which arenotified under paragraph 1within twoyears
ofthedateofentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement inthecaseofadeveloped country Member,
within fiveyears inthecaseofadeveloping country Member, andwithin seven years inthecaseof
aleast-developed country Member.
3. Onrequest, theCouncil forTrade inGoods mayextend thetransition period fortheelimination
ofTRIMs notified under paragraph 1foradeveloping country Member, including aleast-developed
country Member, which demonstrates particular difficulties inimplementing theprovisions ofthis
Agreement. Inconsidering sucharequest, theCouncil forTrade inGoods shalltakeintoaccount
theindividual development, financial andtrade needs oftheMember inquestion.
4. During thetransition period, aMember shallnotmodify theterms ofanyTRIM which itnotifies
under paragraph 1fromthose prevailing atthedateofentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement soas
toincrease thedegree ofinconsistency withtheprovisions ofArticle 2.TRIMs introduced lessthan
180daysbefore thedateofentryintoforceoftheWTO Agreement shallnotbenefit fromthetransitional
arrangements provided inparagraph 2.
5. Notwithstanding theprovisions ofArticle 2,aMember, inorder nottodisadvantage established
enterprises which aresubject toaTRIM notified under paragraph 1,mayapply during thetransition
period thesameTRIM toanewinvestment (i)where theproducts ofsuchinvestment arelikeproducts
tothose oftheestablished enterprises, and(ii)where necessary toavoid distorting theconditions of
competition between thenewinvestment andtheestablished enterprises. AnyTRIM soapplied to
anewinvestment shallbenotified totheCouncil forTrade inGoods. Theterms ofsuchaTRIM
shallbeequivalent intheircompetitive effect tothose applicable totheestablished enterprises, and
itshallbeterminated atthesame time.
Article 6
Transparency
1. Members reaffirm, withrespect toTRIMs, theircommitment toobligations ontransparency
andnotification inArticle XofGATT 1994, intheundertaking on"Notification" contained inthe
Understanding Regarding Notification, Consultation, Dispute Settlement andSurveillance adopted on
28November1979andintheMinisterialDecisiononNotificationProceduresadoptedon15April1994.
2. Each Member shallnotify theSecretariat ofthepublications inwhich TRIMs maybefound,
including those applied byregional andlocalgovernments andauthorities within theirterritories.
3. Each Member shallaccord sympathetic consideration torequests forinformation, andafford
adequate opportunity forconsultation, onanymatter arising from thisAgreement raised byanother
Member. Inconformity withArticle XofGATT 1994noMember isrequired todisclose information
thedisclosure ofwhich would impede lawenforcement orotherwise becontrary tothepublic interest
orwould prejudice thelegitimate commercial interests ofparticular enterprises, public orprivate.
1InthecaseofTRIMs applied under discretionary authority, eachspecific application shallbe
notified. Information thatwould prejudice thelegitimate commercial interests ofparticular enterprises
neednotbedisclosed.TRIMS-V -Page4
Article 7
Committee onTrade-Related Investment Measures
1. ACommittee onTrade-Related Investment Measures (referred tointhisAgreement asthe
"Committee") ishereby established, andshallbeopen toallMembers. TheCommittee shallelect
itsownChairman andVice-Chairman, andshallmeetnotlessthanonceayearandotherwise atthe
request ofanyMember.
2. TheCommittee shallcarry outresponsibilities assigned toitbytheCouncil forTrade inGoods
andshall afford Members theopportunity toconsult onanymatters relating totheoperation and
implementation ofthisAgreement.
3. TheCommittee shallmonitor theoperation andimplementation ofthisAgreement andshall
report thereon annually totheCouncil forTrade inGoods.
Article 8
Consultation andDispute Settlement
Theprovisions ofArticles XXII andXXIII ofGATT 1994, aselaborated andapplied bythe
Dispute Settlement Understanding, shallapply toconsultations andthesettlement ofdisputes under
thisAgreement.
Article 9
Review bytheCouncil forTrade inGoods
Notlaterthanfiveyears afterthedateofentry intoforce oftheWTO Agreement, theCouncil
forTrade inGoods shallreview theoperation ofthisAgreement and,asappropriate, propose tothe
Ministerial Conference amendments toitstext. Inthecourse ofthisreview, theCouncil forTrade
inGoods shallconsider whether theAgreement should becomplemented withprovisions oninvestment
policy andcompetition policy.TRIMS-V -Page5
ANNEX
Illustrative List
1. TRIMs thatareinconsistent withtheobligation ofnational treatment provided forinparagraph 4
ofArticle IIIofGATT 1994 include those which aremandatory orenforceable under domestic law
orunder administrative rulings, orcompliance withwhich isnecessary toobtain anadvantage, and
which require:
(a) thepurchase orusebyanenterprise ofproducts ofdomestic origin orfrom any
domestic source, whether specified interms ofparticular products, interms ofvolume
orvalue ofproducts, orinterms ofaproportion ofvolume orvalue ofitslocal
production; or
(b) thatanenterprise 'spurchases oruseofimported products belimited toanamount
related tothevolume orvalue oflocalproducts thatitexports.
2. TRIMs thatareinconsistent withtheobligation ofgeneral elimination ofquantitative restrictions
provided forinparagraph 1ofArticle XIofGATT 1994 include those which aremandatory or
enforceable under domestic laworunder administrative rulings, orcompliance withwhich isnecessary
toobtain anadvantage, andwhich restrict:
(a) theimportation byanenterprise ofproducts usedinorrelated toitslocalproduction,
generally ortoanamount related tothevolume orvalue oflocalproduction thatit
exports;
(b) theimportation byanenterprise ofproducts usedinorrelated toitslocalproduction
byrestricting itsaccess toforeign exchange toanamount related totheforeign
exchange inflows attributable totheenterprise; or
(c) theexportation orsaleforexport byanenterprise ofproducts, whether specified in
terms ofparticular products, interms ofvolume orvalue ofproducts, orinterms
ofaproportion ofvolume orvalue ofitslocalproduction.