ORGANIZACION MUNDIAL 
DEL COMERCIO 
Consejo de los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad 
Intelectual relacionados con el Comercio IP/N/l/NORlC/3 
lOde marzo de 2004 
(04-0905) 
Original: ingIes 
PRINCIPALES LEYES Y REGLAMENTOS DEDICADOS A LA 
PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL NOTIFICADOS EN VIRTUD 
DEL pARRAFO 2 DEL ARTicULO 63 DEL ACUERDO 
NORUEGA 
Mediante una comunicacion de su delegacion, de fecha 11 de octubre de 2000, Noruega ha 
notificado el textol de la version refundida de la Ley N° 2 de Derecho de Autor de Obras Literarias, 
Cientificas, Artisticas y Otras, de 12 de mayo de 1961, con las modificaciones introducidas 
posteriormente (veanse las explicaciones infra), inc1uida la mas reciente, de 16 de abril de 1999. 
En virtud de la Ley N° 4, de 9 de enero de 1998, se introdujeron las modificaciones 
necesarias debido a la aplicacion en la legislacion noruega del articulo 4 de la 
Directiva 9211 OO/CEE (sobre derechos de alquiler y prestamo y otros derechos afines 
a los derechos de autor). Entrada en vigor: 9 de enero de 1998. 
Las modificaciones introducidas en la Ley de Derecho de Autor de 1961 eran 
aplicables a los articulos 39m, 42, 54 y 55. 
En virtud de la Ley N° 19, de 16 de abril de 1999, se introdujeron las modificaciones 
necesarias debido a la aplicacion en la legislacion noruega de la Directiva 96/9/CE 
(sobre la proteccion juridica de las bases de datos). Entrada en vigor: 16 de abril 
de 1999. 
Las modificaciones introducidas en la Ley de Derecho de Autor de 1961 eran 
aplicables a los articulos 12,21, 39h, 43 y 58. 
I En ingles solamente. IF INIlINORlC/3 
Pagina 2 
ACT NO. 2 OF 12 MAY 1961 RELATING TO COPYRIGHT IN·LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC 
AND ARTISTIC WORKS~"ETC., WITH SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS, LATEST OF 1"6 
APRIL 1999 
Chapter 1 The oh,teet and substance of the copyright 
§ 1. Any person who creates 8 literary, sci~tific or artistic work sh~l1 have the copyilght 
therein. 
By such a work is meant in thj~ Act a literary, scientific or artistic work of any kind, 
irrespective of the mR:riner or fonn of expression, such as: 
J ) w~tings of all kinds, 
2) oral lectures, 
3) works fqr stage perfonnancc,.dramatic and musical as well as choreographic and' 
pantomimic; also radio plays, . ' 
.4) musical works, with or without words 
5) , cinematographic works, 
6) photographic works, 
7) paintings, drawings, graphic and similar pictorial works, 
8) sculpture of all kinds,'. . . 
: 9) architectural works, drawings and models as well as the.building it.selt: 
1.0) pictorial ~ven tissues and art.ic1es of artistic: handicraft and applied art, the prot0t)'t?e 
!i!i well a~ the work itself: . . .'. . 
11) maps, also draw'ings' and graphic and plastic representations or po~rayals pf ascienqfic 
or technical nature, . 
, 12) computer programs, ' 
J 3) tranRlations and adaptations ' of the above~mentioned works. 
'In the cas~ 'of photographic pictures which ate not a literary, sdentlfiq or artistic w()rk; 
section 43 a sha,l1 apply. . .' . 
§ 2. SUbject to the limitations laid down in this Act. copyright shall c;'onfer the ex~lusive 
'right to dif;pOSC ora literary, scientific or artistic work by produting copi~s thereof and hy , 
making it available to the public; be it in the originaJ or an altered tonn',oin, transiation o~ . 
, Eldaptation~ in' another literary or artistic tonn, or by other tecqnical means." .. ~ .-. .' 
. The transferrin'g of a wor~ to any device by which it can be reproduced shall also be 
. considered a production of copies. . 
A work is made available, to the public when it is perfonned outside, private premises,' 
or when copies of the work are offered for sale\ rental or lending, or otherwise distributed or 
displayed outside sllch pr~ise~: . . 
§ 3. Both wpen copies of a literary, scientific or artistic work are produced, and when jt is 
made available to the'public, the author is entitled to have his name~tated in the manner 
required by prc.~per· usage. . ' . , ' 
If another person has the right to alter a literary, sCientitic or artistic' work or to make"it 
aval1able to the public, this must not be done in a manner or in 'a context prejudicial to 'the 
author's literary; scientific or arti9tic reputation or to his individuality, or prejudicial- to the 
. reputation or individuality of the work itself. IP /N1l/NORlC/3 
Pagina 3 
The author m'ay not waive his rights under the first and secl?nd paragraphs, unless th~ , 
use of the wc'rk in' q~estion is limited in nature and extent. , 
Tt the work is made available to the public in such prejudicial fonn as is stated in the 
,second pafagrap~, th.e author, even ifhe has given valid consent to the use of the work~ ~hall 
have the right to demand either that he is not to' be named as the author, or that it is st'ated in. a 
satisfactory manner ,that the alt~ation~ made do not derive from him, This right may not be ' 
waived by the author: 
§4. The author may not object to other persons using his scientific, literary or 8rti~~i~,~ork 
in'such a m~nner that new and independent works &re created. The copyrig~t in the new'and ' ' 
independent wor:k ~hall not be 'subject to the 'copyright in the work that has been used. ' 
, Any person who translates or adapts a literaryj scient~fic or arti~tic ,wQrk ~r converts it, 
,into 'another literary ,or a~is,tic fo'rin shall have the c9Pyright in the wo~k in that fODTI~ b,ut may 
not dispose of it iinlUch a manner as to infringe the' copyright in the original work. " 
§ 5. ,Anyperson w,ho by combining several literary, scientific or artistic work~ or pa~s, ' 
thereof, crc~tes' a'col1ective H~erary, scientific or artistic work ~hal1 have'the copyright)n the, , 
coliectiVe wor~,.but this 'right shall in no way restrict the copyright in the ind'ividual.works of 
,which the collective work CO'nBls~.! ' " ' 
, Unle8,s 9therWi~e ,agreed, the individual contributors shall be free ~o' make ~heir 
contnhutions pUblic'in another manner. ' ' . 
§6. If-a literary~ scientific or artistic work has two or more authors, whose individual" 
'contributions cannot be distinguished as separate works, the copyright 1n the work shall' 
belong to. the authors jointlYL ' . 
-For the initial ~ssuing' of such a work the 'consent of all the authors must be o~tained, 
unless, such consent has, explicitly or tacitly, been gIven'jn advance. The same shall apply to 
the issuing of such 'a work in another manner or in another fonn than previously_ 11owever, it 
may be reissued in the Rame manner at the demand or with the consent of each of the authors. ' 
, 'Each ofthe~authors shall have the right to prosecute in respect of infringement~ of the 
copyright ' 
§ 7. In the absence of proof to the contrary, the person whose name 'or generally known, 
pseudonym, mark or'symbol is entered in the usual manner on copies of a work, or stated , 
when the ,wc>rk is made available to the public, shall be deemed to be the' author of the work. 
, , If a ,work, is published witho~t the name of the author being stated in accordance with 
the first paragraph, the editor, or ifhe is.not named either, the publisher, may act on behalf ()f 
the author until the latterrs name is stated in a new edition or in a notification to the Ministry 
concerned. 
§ 8. A literary, scientific or artistic work is issued when with the consent c)fthe author it 
has been made 8vailahle to the public. A work of art is issued also when the author has 
assigned a copy of the work to another person, and such copy has been made available to the 
puhlic pursuant t<.) sect1<'1ns. I 9, 20~ 2~ a.nd24. IPINIl/NORlC/3 
Pagina 4 
A literary, scientific or artistic work is. published when a reasonable number of copies. 
thereofhave, with the consent of the author, been placed on sale or otherwise distributed to 
the public. 
§9. Legal s.tatutes, administrative regulations: court decisions and other decisions, by public 
authorities are not protected by this Act. This is also. the case with proposals, reports and other 
statements which concern the public exercise of authority, and which are made by a public· 
authority, a publicly appointe{f council or committee, or published by the public authorities. : 
Similarly): official translations of such texts are, not protected by this Act. " 
. .. Literary, scientific or artistic works which have not been produced specially for use in 
.documents specified in the first paragraph, and from which parts are quoted or which ~e 
reproduced in El separate appendix, are not covered by this provlf'ion. NOT shall the first 
pai~·graph apply to poetry, musical compositions or'works of art. 
§10. ROb~stration of a literary, scientific or artistic work as a design shall not affect the, 
'protection of such work pursuant to this Act. 
The layout-~~sj~, o~ integrated circuits s~a1\ -not be covered by this Act. 
,Chapter 2. Limitations OD copyright 
General provisions 
§ 11. -The provisions of this chapter shall impose no further restrictiono{the a~thoris rights 
pursuant to ~e9tibn 3 than that ensuing from section 29. . ' ' 
" W~en a work'is p.u~lic;ly reproduced pursuant to the provisions of this chapier, this 
may he d~ne in the dimensions and form required for the purpose, but without thereby altering . or prejudici~g the character of the' work. ~en a work is thus reproduced, the source sh a,i 1 
al ways be stated in the .. m~ner ,required by proper usage. ' 
Making copies for private use 
§ 12. Provided this is not. done for purposes of gain, single copies of a work that has been 
issued may be made for private use. Such copies may not be used for other: purposes. 
The-provisic?nhl'the first paragraph shaIl.'not co.nfer a right to: . 
11) copy an architectural work through the construction of a building, , 
. b) m:ake machine-readable copies .of computer programs, 
c) make machine-readable copies of databases in machine-readable tonn, or 
c) make copjes of works of art by means of photocopying, taking a cast or impression~ or 
by other similw-means ofreproduction if the copy may be perceived as an original. 
The provi~ion in the first paragraph shall not confer a right to engage outside 
assistance to reproduce articles of artistic handicraft and applied art, sculpture, pictorial 
weavings {~r to make 'artistic reproductions of other works of art. C(lpies· of musical works and 
cinematographic works may not be made by outside assistants participating tor purposes of 
gain. Making copies for use In educational activities IPINI1 INORlC/3 
Pagina 5 
§ '13. Any person may for, use in his own educational activities~ by photocopying ~r similar 
means of reproduction, make copies ofa published work, as well as niak~ a fixation of a work 
that is included in a broadcast, ifbe fulfils the conditions fOT an extended collective licence 
pursuant to section 36, first paragraph. Works of pictorial art and photographic works may 
,only be photocopied from a.reproduction in a book, periodical, newspaper or similar printed 
, pUblication. Nor does this provision confer a right to make a fixation of a cinematographic 
work which must be perceiv'ed as a.lso intended for uses other than presentation via television, 
; un less only minor parts ot~ the work are used in the broadcast. 
, , Fixation centres which are approv'od by the Ministry may, for use in educational 
activities, make fixations as specified in the first paragraph, if the centre fulfils the conditions : 
, for :an extended col~ective licence pursuant to § 36, first paragraph. 
,; Copies-made pursuant to the first and second paragraphs may only be used ip 
,educational activities covered by the agreement under section 36. . 
, The Ki,ng will ;issue regulatioJls concerning the storage and use of fixations. The King., 
,may decide that schools and other educationai institutions may make fixations for time-
deferred' ~se 'free of charge. . . . ' 
'. '. , ,Teachers and pupils may ~~e fixations .of th~ir own perionnances of ~o~ks for 
, educational use. !uch fixations shall not be us~ for ot~er purpo~es. -
. " 
Photocopying In initltutions, commercial enterprises, etca 
§ 14. Public and private institutions, organizations and commercial enterprises may.~f<.)r use 
within their own ac'tivitieRtmake copies of Et published work by photocopying or a ~im~ 
mcans.ot'reproduction,jfthey fulfil the conditions for a~ extended collective licence' rsuant' 
to section 36, first paragraph. Such copies may only be used within the activity-which is 
: covered by the, agreement purSuant ~o section 36~ Works of pictorial art and photographic 
wqrks may only be copied from a reproduction in.s book, periodical, newspaper or similar 
printed publication: ' " ' 
, Fixations made in h~alth Institutions" etc. 
,§ 15~ ,Health institutions, homes for the elderly, prisons and similar institutions may make " 
fixations of works that are part of a broadcast for presentation within a short period of time in' 
the institu·tion. 
The. King will determine which institutions shall have the right to make fixations as 
specified in the first paragraph, and will issue regulations regarding the use and erasure of 
such fixation~, 
M.aking copies In archives, Ubrllrles and museums 
§ 16. The King may' issue ruies regarding the right of archives, libraries and museums to 
Jnake copies of work~ tor conservation and eafety purposes and other special purpose~. IPINI1 INORlC/3 
Pagina 6 
Making copies for the disabled' 
§ 17. From. a pu~1ished l}terary or scientific work or musical work copi'es intended for ~c 
use of the blind and perso'ns wl10se sight is impaired may be made in a torn other than a ' 
soUnd fixation. Published literary or scientific works may be. reproduced on filrnt'with or' 
without sound, intended for the use of persons whose ~earing or speech is impaired. , 
The provisIons 'of the first paragraph: shall not confer a right to' reproduce copies whica ' 
ot~ers have made with a particular view to the usos specified therein. . 
The King may'decide that certain specified organizations and libraries shall, on 
stipulated terms, for the purpose of brratis lending to the disabled, have the right' to, make 
copi.es of published literary or scientific works by making a fixation on a device that" can 
reproduce them. In connection with the tex.t of such works, issued works of art and issued. 
photographic works may be reproduced on the fixation. The author is entitled to remUneratlon 
. to:'bc paid by the State. ' 
TIle King may issue regulations regarding the right to make a fix.ation of a publ,ished 
, film or picture, with.or without s'ound, and of a trans!f)itt.ed broadcasting programme .~o,f ' 
'essentially consistin·g of musical works. Such'regulations shall only apply to such use asi.s;.' 
specified in the third paragraph. and o.nlY be applic~ble when the person maJctTig the fixatio~ 
fulfils the condition.s for ari. ext~ded collective licence pursuant to section '36, first paragr8ph~ . 
. Coliec:tlve works for use-.in education, etc. 
. . 
§ 18 .. In a cqIlective work~ intended for use in religious services or in education', and 
,cons,lsting of'~~rk~ by a large num?cr.ofauihors, min, or P',arts ~f1iterary'or scientiti~ w~r~s or 
'musical works or short ~orks of thIs kInd, may be reproduced If five years have claps~d ~ince' 
the.·expiry of the year in which the particular work was published. In ,connection with the te'xt 
'of-such workS, works of art and photographic works may also be reprodu~ed if five years have 
elapsed Rin~e. the expiry of the year in which the work was issued. A work created for use ,in 
education 'shall not be reproduced in' a collective. work compiledfor the same purpose.' 
Copies of a published work may be made for use in il puhlic examination. 
The author ot~ the work shall be entitled to remunera~ion . 
. Dis,tribution of copl'~s 
§ 19. When a copy of a work has heen sold with the consent of the 'author, the copy may be 
further distributed amongst th~ public. The same'RhalI apply to copies of issued works, and 
any copy of a work of art or photographic work which th~ author has assigned in any other 
way. . 
. The pt~visjons oftne first paragraph shall not confer a. rental right, except in respect of 
bu.ildings and work~ of !lPP'.lied art. Nor do the provisions confer a lendipg right in respect of 
, machine-readable co'pies of computer programs.' Exchanges that are earned Qut as an 
organized activity shall be considered on a par with rental. 
Exhibition of copies IPINIIINORlC/3 
Pagina 7 
§ 20. Ifa work has been published) or if the author has assignc~ copi~s ot a work Qf a~. or El 
photographic work, the copies' may.be public1yexhibited. Copies ofissued works of art and .of 
issued photographic workS may be p,~blicly exhibited in an educational context This 
. provi sion· shall not" confer a right to exhibit a copy of a wqrk of art or a phot()gtaphi~ work .. in a 
film or in' a broadcast. . ... . 
Performance in an educational context, etc . 
.. § 21. A published·work may.beperfonned publicly at religious services and in an 
educational context. . 
A published work may also be perfonned publicly: ..' . 
a) at eyents where tq; performance of literary, sciei)titic or arti~tic ~iorks i~ n~t',the .. 
prima.ry feature.\P~ovided that the audience is .admitted free of charge,. and the event.j~ 
not even indirectly organize.4 for purposes of gain,' .: '.' 
b) at youth m~etings that have·not heen arr~goo for purposes of g·ain," 
This section shall not apply to cinematographic works or the .~~g'e perf~lm~nce ,of· 
stage works or to the pu~lic perfonnance of dat~pases, in an ~ducationa.l cOlltextoof a:., :~ ..... 
. cdmmerciaI·:nafure. Nor shall the section confer' a right to pe:rfonn a work in'a ~ro8£lc~st~ Th~ 
Tight to p'erform ~wor~ in ah' ed~cati~nal ctintext shall not ap'ply to per.fQnnantcs ~~t~in:.th~:.~ 
·fnuneviork 0 f orgaJ;li~ed concerts. . . . 
·Quotadon 
.§ 22. An issued work may be quoted, in accordance with proper usage and to the extent 
necessary to achieve the desired purpose . 
. Rep~oductton ofwor~s of art : 
§.23. Issued works,of art and issued 'photographic works may be reproduced in cpnn~ctiqn .... 
, yvi~h the'text of a critical or:.~cienti~c treatise which is not :Oftl generally informa~lv~' 6l)~l\ct'fr 
'wheri this is done in accordance with prop.er usage and to. th-e· extent necessary to achieve ~hc'· 
desired purp<?se. Subjec~·.to .the same limitation an issue4 photographic work m~y also "he . 
reproduced, on paYm·ent of rerriun·erat{on, in critical or sCienti fic treatises ·of a generally' . 
infonnative character and i~ order to clarify the tex~ in publications intended. for instructional 
use. An i~sued portrait may be· reproduced in a publication containing biographical materiaL 
Issued works 9f art and fssued photographic works may be reproduced in newspuperR, 
peric)dicals and broadca~ts in cl),nnection with the reporting of a current event. However, this 
shaH not apply to works that are created with a· view to reproduction in newspap~rs, 
periodicals or broadcasts. The author shall he entitled to remuneration except in the case ofa 
. Current event related to the work that is reproduced. . .. 
If a work uf art or a photographic work nasbeen published, or if the author· has 
assigned a copy of such a work, the latter may be included in newspapers, ·p.eriodictds, films or 
broadcast!-l. provided that the work fonus part of the background or in like· mahneris ofininor 
importanoe in the overall contex:t.' IP 1Nl IINORJC/3 
Pagina 8 
§ 24, Works of art and photographic works which fann Pl:lrt of a' collection qr w~ich arc 
exhibited Of offered for sale may be.depicted in catalogues of the collection andin 
announcements of the exhibition or sale. .' . 
:. . . Works of art.',an,:!" photographic works may also be depicted when they a~e p~i~.n ·ently 
Ibcated in or near a public plaCe or th<?roughfare ·. However, this shail not apply whe!l 'th~ ' work 
· is clearly the main motif and the reproduction is explo.itedcomrnercialiy. 
. Buildings Inay be freely depicted. 
. . 
· News report In 8 broadcast 'or film 
,§ ·2~. If.the perfonnance or exhibition of a work forms part of a curren~ eyent whi~h .is· .. 
; ~rQadcast ~r 'filmed, brief exc~rPts from the w~rkt or the e~tir~ work if i~:is9fminar extent~ · 
'-'ri;uiy b~ included in th~ broadcast Qr film. In c~seswhere the perf'Otmance ~ie~h.lpi .tion , of~h~ 
":~ork only forms part ofthe.baclcground or in like manner is of minor importance compar'ed to 
'~e ~ajn subject o!'the ne~s rep'ort. the entir~ work,maYbe , repi"oduce~ ... 
Public proceedlngs, -right of Information, . etc . 
.. §·:16 •. 'Pr6c~edi~s in public assemblies, boards, councils andthe 1.ike~ ~~-·meetings . 'of elected, 
; 'public authorities ', in 'court cases and in pu~lic meetings held to discuss questiol.ls:6fpuhtic :' 
interest, may, subject.to theJimitations ensuing frl)m section 28, be' made ,'ava.ilable 'tq 'th~ 
'''public by'any person'without the author's consent. An author ~hal1. however ~'retain·the ' 
'~~clusive right to publish a'compilation of his own statementii. 
§ 27 •. Protection pursuant to this Ac(shalJ no't preclude' access to documents pur~uant to the 
, Public 'AdrriiQistration Act anq the Freedom of Information Act or otqer.legjslaiion~· ·. 
: . No~ shaH the-Act prevent a work from bei"ng' used in connection w"ith·.s search,'an . 
. 'hlvestigation or as' evidence. ' . .. . , ..' .. ,. ". 
r.,. ". 
§ 28. Th~ right. to further reproduce do,cuments i,nvoked'as evidence or-as ~ . expe~ :opjriipnt : 
· etc. in such proceedings as. are specified in section 26, and d<?cument~ that maybe inspected . 
pursuant to legislation as specified in section 27, is dependent on the rules that otherwis~ 
apply, Nonetheless, such docurTlents may be quoted in accordance with proper' usage and to 
the ex.tent necessary in ord~r to describe the proceedings or the matter for which the docum~n( 
has relevance, even if the work has not been issued. . 
Altera.tion of buildings and worki of applied art 
§ 29. Buildings and works of applied art may be altered without the author's consent when 
this is done for technical reasons or tor lltilitarian purposeR. Special. p'tovlsions regardlni broadcastinK, etc. IPINI1 INORJC/3 
Pagina 9 
§ 30.· The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and other broadcasting organizations, as . 
decided by the King,'are entitled, on payment ofr~uneration, to broadc'ast Q' published work 
:if the orgaru?ation, by agreement '~jth an organizatio.n representing a large part' of Norweglan . 
authors in the 'field in 'question, is 'otherwise entitled to ~roadcast works of the kind to which 
tli.~ ai-eement applies. The :same shall apply to' issued works' of art and issued photographic 
. works. 
: .. . . Ifthe.partjes to the agreement so agree, any dispute as to the interpretB:tio~ of the 
'agreement" shall be decidecl'" PUrsUMt t~ the rule~ prescribed in accord~ce with section 35, 
. first paragraph. " . . . . .' " 
, In the case of sat~lHte br(>adcasting, the provisions of the nrst paragraph shall not 
:'upply unless the broadc'ast from the '~ame broaddu~ting organiz'ation is· 8imultane()uslY · . 
'transmitted in the realm over a'territorial netWork .. 
The provisi6ns of the 'first paragraph shall not apply to transmission by·wire.It shalt", 
not apply to Rtnge works and ci~ematographic works, nor to other works if.the a1:lthor has 
prohib.ited . broadcast~Iig hy the Raid organization, ' or' there is othetWise spedul reason to 
': ~sume : th~t h~ is opposed to the work being broadcast. 
. § 3'1 .. The 'No~gi ,an Broadcasti~g Corporation and othe.rs who have a licence to operate u·: 
. hr9adcasting organization may,. by me~8 of their own eqUipment and for use in their own 
bro~dcast$, rh.~e fixations .. ofwbrks on devices that can reproduce thern~ 'if they otherWise ' 
hllVC' the' rightto include ~the ·work ·,concemed .in their broadcasts. The right to make"such .. 
t1xati()i1s avail,ablc t~ ~e p~bi~6 shall be subj~c(t :o the rules which ~e otnerwi~c in force.' The 
J(ing will iSsue further regulations concerning the' use anp storage of such fixations. 
, ,,' The provi~ion in the first paragraph shall not confer'a right to combine tHin and sound 
.' by transferring a sound fixation to a film unless a 'performance at the-time offixatiOIl" forms, 
':" ,Bart of the film. . 
. § 32. Discussion pr,~gramples which' are broadcast and in which topics of public interest arc 
di.scussed .may be publicly reproduced by anyone' without the consent of the author. An author 
: shall, however, h~v~ an exclusiye right to puhlish compilations of his own statements .. 
§ 33p n1e King may issue regulations concerning the right to' make El fixation of a' 
transmitted broadcast for the ,use of an au!hor or a perfonner when use has'been made ,ofhi~ 
work or .perfonnance in, the broadcast. Similar provisions may be made for the benefit of 
dthers who have a particular need for a fixation. ' 
, Fixat,ions pursuant to the first paragraph may only be used for the basic purpose for 
which the ·fixation was made .. Further provisions .may be laid down in the re!:,rulations 
concerning the'use and storage of such fixations. 
§34. Works that are law'fully i"ncluded in a broadcast ~aYl by simultaneous ~d unaltered ' 
rctransmission , bc-communicated to the public when the· person effecting the retransmission 
fuI fiIs t~e conditions for an extended collective licence pursuant to section 36, first paragraph, IF /NI IINORlC/3 
Pagina 10 
or retransmits with the permission of a commission pursuant to the provisions of section'36, 
seco'nd paragraph. . '. 
The exclusive right of the author as regards retransmission may only be exercised 
through an organization approved in terms of section 38 a. .. 
Retransmission of works originally broadcast by wire is not covered by this section. 
Common provisions regarding compulsory licences, extended collective Ucenceg~ 
commissions, etc. 
§ 35. Each of the .parties may demand that remuneration pursuant to sections 17, third 
paragraph, 18, 23, 30 and 45 b shall be 'determln~d in a bjnding mannt?r. ~n. ~ccord~ce ~ith ' 
rules prescrib.ed by the King. The King wi111ay down rules to the effect that a person ~hq. fails 
to pay remuneration for'which he is 1ia~le may, on the requeRt of the person entitled ~hereto~. 
with binding effect be prohibited :from making' continued use of a work. .' . 
. The King wiil issue rules regarding a commissio? as referred to in sectionsJ4 'and 45' 
Ll, fourth paragraph. . 
.§ 36 .. Wh~n there is' an' agreemenfwith an o~ganiz~tion referred to in section 38 a. ~hic~' 
. allow~ such use .~ a work as is specified in se~tlons 13, 1;4, 17, fourth para~aph,' and J4,~ .. a .... 
. user' who is coveted ~y the agreement shall, in.·respect <?f rightholders' wh~ ~e nqt so covere4~' 
have the right to use in the same 'field and in the ~ame roaMer works of the same kind as th()s~ 
to whi'ch tho agreeffi~nt (extended collective 1ic~nce) applies. The provis',on shall onJY,apply. 
t{). use in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The provisio'n ~haII not apply in relation 
. to the rights that broadcasting organizations ho~d in theif own .broadcast~. . 
. . As regards the retransmissi()" of works piu-suant to' section j4,where negotiati()~s on 
an agreement 'as 'referred to in the first' and second Bent~ces 0 f the t~rst p'aragraph, or ' .. " : . .: 
'. ·f.\cghtiations with ,8 bro~4casting organization concerning an agreemerit, are·refu~ed.. or .110 '. 
: ngf~~ent hus be~ entered' into within six months 'after $e commencement of neg~tiath)ns, . each of.the parties may demand that 'pennission ~d condition~ for r~tran~miBsion, be:' .... ' :~ 
detcnninoo in a bindin'g manner by a commission pursuant to secti,on 35~ second panigrQ,ph. 
The provisions otthe first paragraph shalt apply 'correspondingly in such cases. 
§ 37. I.n C0lU1cctl0n with the use of works pursuant to section 36, whatever the agreement, 
the commission or t~e organization receiving the remuneration for such use decides with 
regard to the collection and distribution of remuneration shall also be binping on the 
righiholdcrs who are not repre'sented by the organization. Non-member righthoiders shali have 
the same rights as rightholders who are member~ of the .organization tQ share in the fund~' and, . 
benefits that are distributed:or largely financed from the remuneration.' .. 
lrrespecti ve-.: of the provision in the first paraNaph, a'non-member rightholder who can 
substuntiate that his work has been used pursuan~ to sectio~ 36 may demand that rcmu'ncration 
for such use shall be paid to him .. Such claim may only be directed to the organization which _ 
pursuant t'o section 36 has collected remunenition. Each party may demand that the amOl.mt of 
the remuneration be detennined pursuant to rules laid down by the King. IPINIIINOR/C/3 
Pagina 11 
§ 38. Should an agreement pursuant to section.s 13; ~4 and 1.7, f9urth paragraph, not be . 
. concluded, each ofth~ parties may demand mediation in accordance with rules laid down by 
the King. ~~e the parties so agree, permission and conditions for making copies may be 
detennined in' accordanc~ with the rules prescribed pursuant to section 35, first paragraph. 
Su~h determination shaH have the"same effect as an agreement pursuant to section 36~ first 
paragraph. . 
Wh.ere the parties to agreements pursuant to sections 13~ 14 and 17. fourth paragraph, 
so agree, any dispute concerning the interpretation of an .agreement may be d~cided in a 
binding manner in accord~ce with t~e rules prescribed pursuant to section 35, first paragr ·~ph.': 
Should an agreement with a broadcasting organization concerning permission to make 
fixations of the organization's broaqcasts for such u'ses as are covered by section 13 or 17, _ -, .. 
fourth paragraph~ not be concluded, the provision .in the nrst and second senten'ces of the first 
paragraph shall. ap~y correspondingly. In the event of a dispute regarding the interPretation ' of' 
s4ch an agreement, the provis~on in the second paragraph shall apply correspondingly. 
. \\'here the p'arties concerned so agree, a dispute regarding the interpretation of an 
agreement in 'respect of such retransmission as is specified in section 34 may in a binding 
manner be 4eCided by the commission referred to in section 35, second paragraph. 
, § 38 .a. AgreementS. intended to have an effect as ~pecified in section 36~ ; first par~graph, ' shall '. -~e, erlt~red into b~ ~ organization which represents a substantial part ofNorwC?gian authors in" 
,. th'c "fi~ld; _ anir ~hich i~' approved by the Ministry. For use in certain specified fields;. the K~ng 
may decide that the ,organization 'tYhich is approved shaIi be a joint organization for the . 
rightholders 'cOncerned. . . . . . 
The King may issue further provisio~s regarding ':the supervision of the organizations ' 
and funds which receive remuneratif)n for further distribution. 
The organizations' right of acdon 
§ 38 b. An organization referred to hi ~ection 38 a may, in the absence of any objection from 
the'rightholder, dem1:\nd that a user who has' not entered into ~uch an' agreement as is referred 
. t(,) in section 36 shall be prohibited hy a court judgment from unlawfully exploiting fi work in . 
a manner that is cover~d'by the pr~)visions of sections 13, 14, 17, fourth 'paragraph, or 34. The 
same shal1 app"ly to lfuser who is 'party to such an agreement and who fails to pay the agreed 
rem unerati ori.· - " 
SimiiarJy; an organization referred to in s'ection 38 a may, in the absence of any 
<?bjcction from the rightholder, submit a. claim pursuant to sections 55 and 56 of this Act 
!lsainst anyone \Yha ha~i"undert~ken such unlawful use aS,is referred to in the first paragraph. If 
the penron who has unlawfully exploited a work :\1as sati~ed the organization's claim, the 
rightholder's claims as regards the same use may only be directed to the organization .. which is 
then obliged to pay the rightholder what he is entitled to. 
Chapter 3. Transfer of c~pyright 
General provisIons IPINI1 INORlC/3 
Pagina 12 
. § 39. Subject to the limitation e~s~ing from section 3, the author. may, w~ol1y or partly, 
assign his right to 4i~pose of El .literary~ Scientific. Or artistic w()rk; . 
Assignment of a cop.y shall' not include'assignment of.the copyright or any part thereof, 
even ifit is the'original that i~".aRRjgried. AssignIT;lent of copyright does not incJude(~Wilership 
of the manuscript or any-other copy that is deIiv,?red in connection with the assignment. 
§ 39 ll. If the author has assigned the right to use:the work in a specific manner or by specitlc­
means~ the clssignee shall not have the right to luse it in another manner or by other means. 
AI.teratiops ~nd further "a~signment 
§".39 b. AssignJ!lent of c~pyright shall n,?t con~~ a right to alter the w.ork unless otherwise' 
agreed. ." . '. 
, . Not :may any further assignment of cop)Tight be made without consent, unless the . 
, ~6pyright belongs to' a"~usmess or to' a part thereof and is. a.'Jsigned togethet therewith. Th~ 
as'signor shall remain 1i able for the' fulfilment Of the agreement with the author. 
~~ecking '~ccouTU~ " 
§ 39 c. If the Butho~ls remuneration is catculated on the ~asi~ of the (\ssjgne~~s tumover~ sales 
tlg\ires," etc~ the' "authof.:inay demand that a statement of acc()~nts be rendered at least oncc' a . 
::, year. Similarly, the ~\.itb£?r may demand tI;lat ~ach state~ent be accomp~nl~d pydetail~d ':, " 
:.·I~fo.nnatjo~" ,regarding the ma~e~s on whic~ the·cai~ulat.lon ofTemun~r:ation is based .. ' . '",: 
" ' TIle ~uthor may demand that the assignee's balance sheets~ acco·urit. bo'dks and' stock, .as··, 
. well as ccttificates:fro'm'the p.crson·who,has·exploiterlthe w()rk, shrill'be placed at the disposal: 
of' a state~authorized accountant or' regls~~n~d auditor .who has been app6iI.lted by the author, " 
The a~cbuntant or auditor ~halI inform' the autbor as to the accuracy of the statement of ..' 
accounts ~ti'at:haR been drawn up, and ~S to any. irregularities therein, bui otherwis"e he has "£1" 
quty (1fco~iidentiliI1ty at-I regards :alI other mat~ers of which he may learn in the course of his 
exu'lninatiqn'~ " . 
The provisions of this section' may not be departed from in a manner prejudicial to the 
author. 
Agreemen ts .regard Ing performance 
. § 39 d. Assignmentof the right to perform a work publicly shall not give the as~ignee an 
cxclusive right unle~R thj~ has been agreed. Un]ess otherwi~'e agreed, such assigrirncnt shall be 
valid for tPrec years. ' 
Even though an' exclusive right ofperfonnance has been ass:ignedt the author may, 
unless oihe~ise a~eed .. himself perfonn the work or assign. the right of perfbnnance to 
an()theT'p~rson, if the assignee haH for three co;nsecutive'years failed to exercise the' right. 
~he pri>visionli of this section shaII not apply to cin~mtltographic works. Publishing agreements . . IPINIlINORlC/3 
Pagina 13 
§ 39 e. By u publishing agreement the author assigns the right to reproduce a work by means 
of printing or a similar process, and to publish the'work in that fonn. . 
Insofar as a-pub1ishing·a.gr~ement c~nfers an exclusive right, the publisher is obliged tc 
publish the W9rk within a reasonable period of time and ensure that it is distributed ~ri the 
u~ual manner. If, ~fter the work has been published, the publisher d09s not ensure ~at copies 
'ofthe work are made ayail.able to the public within a reasonable period of time afterh~v.ing 
been requested to do .Ro by-the author, the author may rescind the agreement and retain the fee 
received. 
U;nless otherwise agreed, the publisher shall have the right to publish up to 3,000 . 
· copies of the work, but if the pUblication comprises only musical works, not more than 1,000 . 
copies, and when the rniblica.iion comprises only works of pictorial art~ not .more than 200 
· copies.. .' : . 
. . When more than one year has elapsed since the publisher pUblished the work, or m()re. 
· .than one year has elapsed sinc·e the author last made alterations in the work, the· author shall .. 
.. be entitled, if further copies are to pe made. to make' alteratio118 whi~h d~ not ent~il .... -. '. 
:. disproportionate expense or &l~er :the character of the work.' .' .. 
.. '. : ~heri '15'~1\rsh~~~ ehip~~' since the ex;piry of the year in which the pu~lishet first 
published i:h.e 'work, .the author shall have the righ~ to include the work in' an edition ofhi"s .... 
'collected ot selected literary workR. The right to publIsh such an editi~)n 'shal1 first be offere~ . 
.. t() thc'pub!ish~r or, if the author's works have been·publ~shed by several dfffer~n.t publjshers, .. 
to. the pubiisher who may be considered his main publisher. . 
The author may clai~ compens'atiort for any damage resulting from default. However~· 
th.i~ shall not apply insofar as it is s1.ib~tantiated that the· damage is due to.an obstac;le·whjch· 
.was beyond the j>ublisher'R control,' ~nd which t~e pub~isher could not"rt?8s()nably have been -.­
expected to have t~en i.nto .consideration at the ~ime the agreement was made or to ·av.tlid or 
DVerCOme· the consequences thereot: If the damage is caused by a third party whom the 
publisher has· charged with taking the action 'necessary' to fulfil the agreement, the publisher 
shall only be free from.1:i.L\hility if the third partiwould also have been exempt from liability 
pursuant to the provisions of.this ·paragraph., . 
.In the case of serious default on'the part of the publisher as rega.rds his obligations 
· pursu.Rnt t~ t~e publishing agr~ement, the author may rescind the agreement, retain the fee 
. receiveo}tndcl.aim: cornpetuiation in accordance with. the rules in the sixth paraw-aph for" 
. dam~g~ ~hat is not c'o'verod by the said fee.' . .... . . 
. Any agreement that to the detriment of the author significantly deviates from the 
provision's of the second·, sixth and Reventh paragraph c~nnot be applied. The author may not 
waive his right pursuant to the filth paragraph. . . 
The provisions of this section shall not apply to agreements concerning contributions 
to newspapers or periodicals, or agreements concerning. contributions which arc to be used as 
illustrations In works that)lre to be published. The provisions of the second and third 
paragraphs shall not ~pply to agreements concerning c~ntrihuti{)ns to collective works. The 
provisions of the second paragraph shall not apply to agreement:i concerning translations. 
Agreements regarding' th.~ production of cinematographic works IPINIl/NORJC/3 
Pagina 14 
, , 
§ 39 f. If the author has assigned the right to use a work for a, film, the assignee shall~ unless 
otherwise a!,YI'eed" ,be obliged t() produce the cinematographic work within a reasonable penod 
of time $d ensure that ,it is communicated to the public. In the case of serious default on 'the 
part of the assignee, the author may rescind the .agreement, retain the fee received and, 
pursuant to the provisions of section 39 e, claim compens'ation for damage not covered by the 
said fee.', 
, UnJess oth~ise agreed, the assignment of a right to produce a cinematographic work: 
, comprises the right to 
n) ~ake copies of the cinematographic work. , 
b) make the cinematographic work ,available to the public by distributing copies and by 
showing the work, and, 
, c) furnish the cinematographic wo~k with subtitles or translated speech. 
The'provision in the second paragraph shall nofapply to 
~), already existing works, , 
b) screenplays and musical works specifically created {or use in the cinematngraphiC 
work, or' , 
c)' , the principal direction of the cinematographic work. 
§ 39 g. Copyright in ~.c9mputer program which is ~eated by an employee in the exe~ution of 
, duties for which he i~ employed or in accorqance with the, instructions of his employ~r shall, 
~ubje~t to the limitation,ensuing from ~ectlon 3"devolve on the emp16y~r, unless o~~~ise , ' 
agreed. ' 
, §39 h. Any p~son having' a right to use a comp~ter program may make ,copies of, altera~d' 
'adapt the progiaminS.ofar as ,is necessary for the' use oft,heprogram in accordance wjth its, " 
intended purpose, including the corr~ction of errors in the program. 
, ,Any persoQ'having a right,tq use a computer prObYfarD may make a backup copy insofar 
,as it is neceSsary for the use ofth'e program. 
Any person ha,ying"a right to,use a copY-of a computet' program may" in connection, 
with such loading, displayirigt ,'ru~ning, ,tr'ans~ission or storage t)fthe program ,as the user is 
entjt1ed to perform, observe, stUdi,ortest the funct1()ning'ofthe progr~' in order to determlne 
t~e' ideas and principles which underl~e the various eleinents of the program~ , ' 
-'Any person,havi'og a right: to ;use a datab~e, may perform such' acts as are necessary LP 
"access and make nermal use of the contents ofthe,datahase 
No departur.es from the provisions of the second, third or fourth paragraphs may be 
made by agreement. 
§ 39 i. It is pennissjl)~e to make a copy of the code of a computer program and translate the 
fonn of the ~ode ,when this is indispensable in order to obtain the infonnation necessary to 
achieve the in,tCtoperabiIity of an independently , created computer program with other 
programs, if 
a) these acts are peIfonned by a person having H. right to use a copy of a computer 
program, or o~ his behalfby a person authorized to do so, 
b) the information necessary to achieve interoperabHity bas not previously been readily 
available to the persqns referred to in titra'a), and IPINI 1 INORlC/3 
Pagina 15 
c) , these acts'are confined to the,parts of the ongina1 program which are necessary to" 
, achieve in-teroperability. ' , 
The information obtained 'through the application of the provisions'ofthe first 
paragraph shall not -
a) be used for purposes,other than to make possible the interoperability of the 
independently- created computer program,' , 
,b) be given to others, except when this is necessary in order to make possible the 
interoperability of the independently created computer program, or 
c) be u~ed for the development, 'production or marketing ofa computer program 
substantially similar to. the original in its expression, or for any other act whicr 
infringes copyright in the pro,gram. ' . . 
No departures from the provisions of this section may be made by agreement. 
Commlsslon~d',po'rtraJts 
§ 39 j~ The author'may not exercise his rights relating to a commissioned portrait witho~(~e" 
,consent of the perSon'who commissioned it.. ' 
, ", >' If~he portrait is a'photogr~phic work, a copy ofit may in the usual rnanner:~e: 
e~hiblted ':as an adv~isen'lent for:the author's photographic ac'tivities, ptovid~ the per~()n 
who commissio~d it does not prohibit such exhibition., " ,'," --,: 
'... With regard to p.r'6tection of the subject of the portrait, the provisions o(section,45 c, 
'~halt apply-even if the portrait is not a photographic work. " . 
§'.39 ,k. After the author's death the rides relating to inheritance, the community property of 
'spquses' and the right of the s~ivinB spouse to ~emain in possession of the undistributed' 
estate sha)1 also apply to the autht)rs copyright. . , 
In ,his will the autho:r may, with bindi~g effect also as regards the survivirig Sp(~,URe a.!ld 
, the hejT~ of his hody, make provisions as to the exercise of his copyright or empower another 
, person to make such provisions. .. 
If a copyright lias 'been inherited from the author by several persons jointly, the' 
provisi ons of se~ti()n 6 shall apply correspondingly 'unless' otherwise provided' pursuant to the 
, secori~ paragraph~ , " , -, 
:. Any infringement of such provisions as are'f~ferred tp in the second piu:agraph or 9f 
the provisions of sections 3 and 11, second paragraph, may be prosecuted both by. the auth6,t's 
, surviving spouse an~ by any otl~er of'his relatives in direct line of ascent' or descent, brothers 
~nd sl~ters, or by the, person appointed pursuant to the ~~cond paragraph of this section., 
, § 39 t The author's right to dispose of a'literary, scientific or artistic work shall not be ~ubject 
to execution, or any other.enforcement measure on the part of his creditors, either against ' 
himself, or agains~ any person to whom, on the author'S death, the copyright has passed in 
accordance w~th section 39 ~, first paragraph. , ' , ' 
The sB:me shall apply to m~uscripts Of similar copies, plates~ moulds, etc. ~hich hav~ 
been created to serVe as u rneans of producing copies of a specific work of art, and to works of 
art which have not b<?e~ ex4ibited, offered for sale or in any other way approved for public 
lfolsue. IPINIlINORlC/3 
Pagina 16 
.Right of remunerati~n for the rental of films and phonograms. 
§ 39 .m . .If the author has assigned to a film-Or phonogramproducer the right to make'a fi.1m or 
phonogram available to the public by way of rental, the author shall retain the right to 'obtain. 
ary. equitabJe rem'unetation :from the producer. Exchanges that are curried out as an'organlzed 
aCtivity sha.ll be tonsid~red on u par with rental. 
No. departures from the provisions of this section may be made by agreement.· 
Chapter.~ .. · ~ Term'ofp~ot~ctlon of copyright 
§ 40. Copyright shall subsist .during the lifetime of the author and for 70 years after the . 
expiry ofthe':year in which-the author died, For such works as are referroo to in ~ection 6, the .. 
'pe~od of 70 ye~s shall·be. calculated nom the expiry of the year in which the last sutvi~infr: . 
.. author died. In the case of cinematographic works, ·the term of protectlo'Ti shall run 'frQITl ~he·· .. 
. expiTy of the year of~he death of th~ last of the following personR' to sUrYive: the ,p~n~ipal '.' . 
direct6r, the author of the screenplay, the author of the dialogue and ~e~coinp()ser of music' 
specifically createafor use in the cinematographic work -.. , 
§41.: .' If a work has been issued without statingJhe'author's namet 8 g~n~al1y known: 
'pseudonym, ~ark or sy~nbol, the copyright shall subsist for 70 years '~~er ~he expiry ofth .. ~<; '.!: 
'year in which the work was first issued. If the work 'con~iists"of several p~rtsLthe term ,of'·:·>.· . 
:' protection shall be calculated separately for each part. The' copyright iri~ork~ by an unkno,wrt' 
':author shall'sub'sist for" 70 years after the expiry of the year in which th~ .. W~rk 'waS crcate4~:Jf..· 
the work is o.ot issued during this period.··. " .. ' .' " .. ,':' .-
If during'this period the name of the author is made known in accordance with section 
. 7, or if it is ~sta~lished t~at he died before the work was, issued, the terln of protection; shall be 
determined pursuant to ~e~tiq·n·40,. . . 
§41 &. Any 'person who for the first time lawfully m~es availab1e to' the puh.iic a .literary; 
scientiflc'or artistic work which has not been issued before the, expiry'orthe term of protection' 
pursuant to s~ctions 40" and 41 shidl be entitled to the' same ,right a's an' author pur~uant to .'. 
se~tion 2. This right shall subsist for:25 year~ after the expjry of the year In~hich the work 
wa.~ first made available "to the pu~lic. 
Chapter 5. . Oth~r rights 
§ 42. 
be: 
a) 
b) 
c) A performing .~rtist's pert()rmance of a w.ork mag not without the consent of the artist . , 
fix.cd on film or 'on a d~vice which can reproduce the perfonnance, 
broadcast) or . 
in any ot.her manner through simultaneouB transmission by technical ,means made 
publicly available to a group of persons other than that for which the artist is 'directly 
perfo.nning. , 
If a"fi~ation' of a p~lfonniIig artist's perfonnance is made as specified in the tirst . 
'paragraph, litra a, no copies shall b~ made of it, nor shall it be made avail-able to the public 
lhrough the d.iMtribuLiQn of cvpic~! witht),ut the conBcnt of the artist, until 50 ycar~ hove clo.p:'icd IP /N1l/NORlC/3 
Pagina 17 
since the-expiry of the year in which the performance took place. If the fixation is issued 
during thi~ period, the term of protection shall subsist for 50 years after the expiry of t~c yc~r. ' 
in which the fixation was first issued. , ' 
When a copy of a fixatio.n-which reproduces a perfonning ,artisfs pertonnancept a .­
work has been sold with the arti~i's consent Within the European Economic,Area, the copy:, 
may be furthqr distributed by m~ans other than by rental. The same shall apply when the artist 
has within the said area assigned 11 copy of an issued sound fixation or 8 film which 
reproduces such a perfonnance. 
Unless otherWise agreed, an agreement concerning the production of a film of the 
performance of a perfonning artist shall also inc~ude the right to rent out copies of the film. 
The provisions of sections 2, third paragraph,. 3, 6 to R, J 1 to 13, 15, 16, 17, first, ' 
, second and fourth paragraphs; 18~' 21, 22~ 25, 27, 28, 31,-33 to 39 c, 39 k, to 39 m an~ 50 shall 
" ':lpply' correspondingly. The provisions of section 3, ct: Rec!ion 39 k) fourth parawaph, shall 
apply cQrres'p~ndingly also when a perfonning artist's performance of a work i.s made" 
, ~vai1ab]e to the, public by means of a fixation. . " 
The provisions of s'ection 45 b and Act No. ~ of 14 Decembet:' 19~6 shall apply , 
. concerning ~e right otherwise to use such fixations as are specified in the first paragTaph~ 
litra n . 
. -:' 
,§ 43.. A person~ho proouces a foqnula, catalogue, table, 'program",database, or 8simqar 
w{)'rk in which a large number of items of information has been compileQ, or'Which is the 
, result of a substantial investrnerit,' shall have the exclusive right to dispose of all or~.a,' 
,":sil~stantial part of the cOntents oftho work through the producing 'of copies thereof!?r, thr6uSh"~ 
in~ihg it availablc,"to the public. ' 
The exclusive nghtunder the pr'eceding paragraph applies correspondingly when insu.bstantial 
parts of works as mentioned, are repeatedly and syst_ematica~l'y reproduccQ or made available 
to 'the pub,1ic, ifthifl constituteS actscontlicting with a normal exploitation of the work or 
which u~easonably prejudices the producer's legitimate interests. ' 
, Thccxclu,sive right to a work mentioned in the first paragraph shall subsist for 15 years 
,f~,llo~ing the'expiry o,fthe,year the work was prodL:lced. lfthc work during this time, i~,mad~ : 
~vailable to the puhlic, the term ofprot~ction shall subsist for 15 years 'foliowing the expiTyof 
, the'year the work Wfl~ first made available to the public. " ' 
, , ff a work of the kind specified, in'the preceding paragraph is wholly or partly subject to' 
copyright; such right may i:\ls'o be enforced,' , 
The provisions of sections 2, second and third paragraph, 6 to R. 12 to 22, 25, 27, 2R 
, 30 to 3 Bb (md 39 h, ft)urth and fifth paragraph shall app.ly correspondingly. 
Agreements extending the'producer's right beyt)od what is provided by the tirst 
paragraph to a work that has been. inade available to the public, are unenforcable. 
, " 
§ 43 B. A person who produces a photographic picture shall have the exclusive right to make 
copies thcreofby photography, printing, drawing or any other process~ and to make it . 
available to the public. , ' ' _ 
The exclusive fight to a photographic picture shall ~llbsi~t during the lifetime of the 
photographer and for 15 years after the expiry of the year in' which he died, but for not Ies~ 
than 50 y~(lrs 'from the ,expiry of the year in which the picture was produced. If the exclUSIve IPINIIINORJC/3 
Pagina 18 
right is shared by two or more pers()ns~ the tcnn of protection shall run from the expiry of the 
year in which the last'surviving .person died. . .. 
The provisions of sections 2, second and third paragraphs, 3, 6 to 9, 11 to 2 I, 23 to 28~ 
3D, 31, 3J'to 39· f and 39 j to :}9 1 shall apply correspondingly to photographic pictures to the 
same extent that they apply to photographic works. 
If a photograph is subject to copYright} such right may also be enforced. 
§ 44. Press reports. which acc~rding by contractual ~angement are supplied by foreign news 
" agencies~r,by correspondents abroad may not 'without-tl~e consent of the: recipient hoe, ", 
" commJnicated.to the public through.the·press or througn broadcasting until 16 hours after 
they have been issued in'this courttiy. , " , , ,. " 
In all' cases where a press report from a news agency, newspaper;peno~icat' or 
broad~asting service is reproduced'by the'press"or by a broadcasting service, the source shall 
bc'stated in the manner required by proper press usage. . . 
". § 45.. Sound fix a!.tonsand films shall not, without the c()n~ent of the producer, be made" 
available ~6. the public by distributing copies of the sound fixation or film until 5,0 years hayci: 
", 'elapsed since the ~xpirY. of the ye~ in which the ,fixation or film was ma~e.'· N o(shall copi,~s : 
'of the sound fixat10ri t>rfi.lm be,made'before such time wit~out the co.nsent ofth~ producer.' If 
" the fi~ation 'l"s ;issued ·during this period of time, ,the tenn of protection shall subs1st for:SQ: ' 
·years after;·the e.xpiry of'the year in which the fixOation was first issued. , ' " '.' , , "'"' 
:'" . '" When' a· copy ofa sound' fixation, or a film' has been sold~ with the cqnsent qf the 0 :' 
prod~cer, withfn:the:Eiu-opean·· Economic Area, the copy may be further dIstributed ·bY' any' 
means other tli~ by rental. The" same shall apply when within the said area the producer' has: " 
aHsigned a copy'of an issued :Sound fixation or film. ' , 
" " ." The provisions of sections',2"third paragraph" 7,8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, first, second and 
fourth" paragraphs) 18;' 22, is, 27,'28, 31, 33 and 35 to 3 ~ h shall apply correspon.dingly: . 
§ 4~ 8. A ~roadcast or a part thereqf may not, without the consent 0 f trye broadcastIng· 
organization 0 
ti) be fixed on.R device which can reproduC"t! it~ 
~) be transmitted by wireless diffusion or retransmitted to the public by wire or 
~) otherwise be 'Coommunicated to the public for purposes of gain. " 
, Ifa ,trBnsmission ·has been fixed on a device as r~ferted to in the first paragra.ph, 'it.shall 
riot, without the cohse1]t of the broadcasting organization, be transferred to another device 
until 50 years"have c;lap~ed since the· expiry of the year in whi~h the first transmission took 
piace . 
. A broadcast may, on conditions to be prescribed, by the King, be transmitted direct 
within an·industrial.or ()ther enterpri:-)e by means of a radio or television receiver. 
fr a party should refuse to enter into negotiations concerning peImission for 
simultaneous andunitltered retransmission to the ·public by wire' of an originalIy wirele~s , 
hroadcnst"of.ifno agreement has hcen concluded within six months aft~r the commencement 
of negotiations, each of the parties may demand that permission and conditions for 
rctransmission shall be determined by a commission ·pursuant to the provision~ of section 35, 
second paragraph, of .this Act. . . . IP1N111NOR/C/3 
Pagina 19 
The provisions of sections' 7, 8,12,15,16,18,21, first pa~graph. 22,25,2'7,28,31, 
32, 35 and 38, third and' fourth panlgraphs, shall apply c6rrespondingly, 
§ 45 b. When sound fixations of the perfonnances of perfonning artists are communicated to 
the pul?Iic by means ofa broadc~t or rotransmission'ofa broadcast whhin the period of time 
specified in section 45; both the.producer of the fixation and the peffonniilgartists whose' , 
performances are reproiluced are entitled to remuneration. If two or more artists have 
cooperated in the performance, they shaH jointly present their claim for remuneration.' ' 
A claim fot rem.uneration shaH 'be presented to those who are liable to pay it t~ough a 
collection.and distributiqn organization approved by the .Ministry concerned. The King may 
,issue further rules for the collection and distribution of remuneration. . 
thC? provisions of sections 3, 22 and 25, cf. section 11, and. sec~ion 39 k, fourth 
. paragraph., shall apply.correspondingly. 
The provisions of thls s~ction shall not apply'to sound film. 
~,,~hapter ~~ ;, Varlo~8' pr,!Vislon~ 
, §' 45 c. Photographs of a"pc;-son shall not ~'e rep~oduced ·pr publicly exhibited without the 
'consent of.the s~ject of the picture,-except when ",' 
n)' the picture is of current or:orgenera~ interest, :" . 
b) the picture of the person is: less important than the main contents of the pictUre', ; 
c) the su~ject of the picture l~ a group assembled for a meetingl an outdoor procession or 
, situ:ations ()t even~s of generaJ interes~ " . 
, d) a: copy of the pictur~ is ex'~ih1ted in the usual manner as an advertisement of the 
, photographdfs work·arid the subject qfth:e,picture doe~ not prohibi.t this~ or 
e) the picture is, u~ed as specified in section 23, first paragraph, third sentence, or section' 
2 7 ~ seco.nd paragraph. ," ~ , :' .' . .' '. 
, The ternl of protection shaUipply during,the lifetime of~e subject of the picture and' 
-for 15 years after the expiry of the year in which the subject died. . , 
§46. A literary; scientific or artistic work shall not be made available to the -public under a' 
title, pseudonym, mark or symbol that is likely to cause confusion with a previously issued' 
, work or its author. ' 
§ 47. The name., mark or ~ymbol of an author shall no!~be placed on a copy ()f a work of art , 
,'by any person other than himself, unies.s he has giv~n his consent ther~to. 
The author's name, mark or symbol shall in no case be put on an imitation of a work in, 
~uch B manner thatlhe copy may be confused with the original. 
§ 48. Even jfthe term of protection ~f copyright has expired, a literary, scientific or urtistic 
work m,ay not be made available to tJ:le.pubIic ina manner or'in a context which is prejudicial 
to the fiut~or's litcr~ry, scientific or artistic reputation or individuality, or to the reputation or ' 
individua~ity of the work itsel~ or which may otherwise be considered harmful to general 
cultural interests. IP/NIl/NOR/C/3 
Pagina 20 
Irrespective of-whether the· tenn of protection has expired or not. ·the Mini9~ry · _ 
concerned may, .tfthe author is dead,-prohibit a literary, scientific or artist~c w(~rk from being 
made availahle to the public in such a way or in ·such a context as is referred to -in the -first-'. 
paragraph. A similar pro.hibition may also be imposed by the Ministry atthe request of a· 
living author ifthew<;)rk in question is· riot protected in the realm. 
The provision in section 3, tirst paragraph~ shall apply correspondingJy, even if the 
tenn ofpr:otection of the copyright has expired or if the work is not protected in the realm. 
§ 49. If circumstances necessitate the . destruction . .of the original copy, the author~ if he is .. -
alive., shall· be notified in reasonable time, if this can be done .without particular disad,vantage -t) 
-If the possessor of the original copy ·of a work without reasonable grounds pre~~ts _ the" 
author from exercising his exclusive right pursuant to section 2t he may by·court judgffient be·. 
ordered ·to give the author such access to the said copy as the court finds reasonable. Th.e court 
willlnake its decision after taking into consideration all the existing circumstances, and may­
make the author's acqess to ·.the copy'conditiona] on his providing security ~ or impose other -
conditions. . 
Such proce~dings as are referred to in the second paragraph -may only be brought by 
-.: t~e author personally \\r'~ the consent of the Ministry concerned. 
§ 50. .Irrespe~tt"v "e of any aTtaogernent relating to property made between a husband and Wife, 
~n author who is man:ied shall ·always retain s<;>le ~ontrol of his copyright. . 
_ If community property is -divided during the lifetime of the auth()i~ his copyright shal1 
be excluded from the ~ettlernent. 
§ SI. Repealed by Act No~27 of ~ June 1995, from 30 June 1995. 
§ ~2. Printed works-shaU bear·the number of the edltion,.the name oftrye printers~ the·place 
where the printing was. carried out arid the year of printing. Graphic works and printed 
reproductions of music.El;l works shall also be supplied ~ith a serial number within the edition. 
-§ 53. A council ofexpert~consisting orrepresentatives of authors and of industries or trades 
connected with th.c exploitation of literary, scientific or artistic works shall assist the Ministry 
concerne~ in tbe e~e~cfse .of its duties pursuant to this Act. 
.: Cases relating to -prohihitions pursuant to' section 487 and to the institution of legal 
proceedings ·pur~uant to section 491 shall always be submitted to the said council of experts 
·before the Ministry makes its decision. 
The council, or a conUnittee thereof~ shall also have a duty to provide, when so _ 
requested, expert opinions tor use by the courts in questions connected with th·is Act, 1U1d ~hall 
. also act ·as an arbitration cou~ in such cases if the parties agree to thi9 .. 
The Ministry ~halI tippoint the members of the council and sha.ll issue regulations 
relating to the organization and activity of the council, and the remuneration of its members, 
Chapter 7. .Penal $anctlonfil, compensation and confiscation IP /N1l/NOR/C/3 
Pagina 21 
. § 54. Any perso'n·who wilfully or negligently contravenes this Act shall be liable to fines or 
to lmpnsonment for a tenn not exceeding three monthsifhe , ' 
a) infrin.ges provisions laid down for the protection of copyright in or in ~ccord8:nce with 
Chapters 1 and 2, the provisions of section 39 j or 41 a; or prohibitio~s imposed 
pursu,ant to s~ction 35 or 48, or provisions made hy the author pursuant to section 39k, 
second paragraph~ 
·b) 
c) 
d) 
. e) " infringes provisions laid down in or in accordance with Chapter 5, section? 45 c, 46, 
4 Tor 48, last paragraph, , . 
imports copies of literary, scientific or aitistic works or of such works·and fixations as 
arc specified in sections 42, 43, 43 a, 45 and 45 a with the intention of~aking them 
available to the pUbli'c. when the copies have. been produced abroad linder-such. ' 
circumstances Ihat a similar production in this realm 'w'ould have been unlaWful, or 
offers...or otherwise makes avai1~ble to the pUQ1ic such works or fixation~ ~s .are, 
speCifi.ed'in sections 42, 43, 43 a, 45 or 45 a~ whf;n ~e copies have been produced 
contrary to these provisions or1mportOd contrary to litra C ofthis·secti6ri, ' . ' 
imports cbpies of su'cn fixa~io~s as are specified in section 45 with .the intenti()~ of 
making them available to the general public for gain, when the 'producer ~as ,not " 
consented t~ such import imd copies of the same fix.'ation are o'ffered for sale in the 
realt,il with .the c()ns·~nt o(tpe producer. The Ministry may by 'regul~tions, make', 
exception~ to-this provision for the import of copies from' specific·countnes. 
, , 
A.~y person who wilfully or negIi'gently is an accessory to any infringement specified 
. in th~ firs~ paragraph ,shall ~e liable to the ~ame penalty.' . '. . 
. If any infri~gement· mentioned in the .first, ~d second paragrap~, ~~ .wilful, and has been, 
. committed under particularly aggravating circumstances, ,the penalty shal,l b~ fine~ or. 
impriso·rim~nt for a term not e*ceeding three years, In assessing whether,particularty , 
: aggravating· circumstances subsist, importance shall primari,1ybe attachedt6: the damage, . 
cause'cl to 'the copYright owner ,and others~ the profit gained by the offender and the gerteral . 
extent of the jnfringementL . 
': -,' Any attemp! a~ a wHful infringement as specified in the first to third paragraphs' may be 
ptmishabte in the Sanie way as the c'ompleted crime. ' 
Any person who wilfully- Of negligently fails to ·insert in a work f('Jr the printing of 
which he is responsible the infoz:riJation specified in section 52 sh.all be··liable to fines. 
, , . lnfringemetlt of the thir4 parab'Taph, et: fourth paragraph, shaH be subject to pU.hlic 
prose~ution. Infringement ~'f the ·~ther provisio1}S .of thi~_: sectio'n shall no·t be subject to'·public 
prosecution unless it is so requested by the aggrieved party or by an organization, cf. seventh' 
paragraph, or required in the public interest. ' 
[f this Act has b.een infringed through use of a work in a manner specified in sections 
13, 14 an,d, 17, fourth par~graph and section 34) prosecution may, insofar as the ag!,YI1eved 
party does not object there~(), he demanded also by the organization entitled to enter into 
agreements pursuant to section 36. IP/NIl/NORlC/3 
Pagina 22 
§.54 a. TI1e sale ot: or possession for purposes of gain, of any means the sole purpose of 
which is·to facilitate the unlawful removal or circumvention· of technical devices for the 
protection of a computer program, is prohibited. . . 
Any infringe~ent shall be punishable in a~cordance with the provlsion in section 54. 
§ SS. Any darn.age ·caused by an· infringement menti.oned in section 54, or by an infiiilgemen1 
of section 49, first panigraph, is subject to a claim for compensa~ion according to the· rules ot~ · 
compensation genenilly applicable. If the right of an author or a perfermirig artist, ~r the right. 
of a subject of a picture according to section 45 c) hus been infiinged wilfully or by gross 
negligence, the court may also award him a sum o·fmon~y as redress tor damage of a Tion-
economic nature. , 
Even if.the offender has acted in good faith, the aggrieved party may. irrespective of 
the extent of the damage, demand p~~ent of the net profit accruing from the unlawful act. 
§ 56._ . All copies df a literary, .scienti~c or artistic .work or other w,~rk .:which have been.· . 
· ·unlawfully produced, imported or made available to the public in the realm may by"court .. 
judgment 'be confiscated for the benefit of the aggrieved party, or a8siSn~4 to him inrefUm for 
remuneration not ~xceeding the cost of pr6duc#bn. The same shall apply to .typematicr,· , ..... 
· printin.g blocks; 1hnns, etc.~· which can ·serve no ·other purjlos'e than the:unla.wful prodoction or 
exploitation of a :work. . . ,. .. 
In lieu of confi~cation or assignment, the aggrieved party may demand that the article 
in question shall be wholly or partly"destroyed, or rendered usdess for the unlawful 
·:productiori or exploitation "0 (the work. If substantial economic or artisti~ values would ' 
thereby be lost~ th~ cO\lft niay nevertheless in certain circumstances permi(the c()pies .: 
produced to be .made available to the public in return· for compensati()nor ·redress to the 
· aggri eved party ~ . 
.. The provisi~ns of this Aectiqn shall not be applied to a person who in goo~ faitlJ .has·. . 
acquired a copy of a work for his .'own· private use, except as regards the casting of a sculptUre. 
Nor shall they be applied to bUi1dings, but the aggrieved party may in certain circumstances 
demand alteration of the building; compensation or redress. Nor shall the provisions be 
applied to such press reports· as are referred to in: sectionA4. 
Chapter 8. The scope of the Act. 
§ 57. The provisions of this Act concerning copyright ·shall apply to: 
u.) liter~iy, scientific or artistic works creat~d by a Norwegian national or by a person who 
is resident in the refllm~ : 
b) literary. scientific or-artistic works first published in the realm, or which have been 
published simultaneously here and in another country, 
c) cinematographic and television works, the producer of which has his headquarters in 
. the realm or is resiJeJ)t here, 
d) buildings erected in the realm, 
c) works of art al!d ph()t(>grliphi~ w(lrks placed in b~ildiI1gs or permanent structures 
situated in the realm. IPINIlINORlC/3 
Pagina 23 
SiniultaneoTls publication as specified in the fir~t paragraph, litra b •. shall be deemed to 
have taken place "when the work in question is publish6d:'in' the realm within 30 days of the 
first publication. ' 
The producer pursuant to the provision in the first paragraph, litra c, shall be deemed. 
unless otherwise indicated,. to b.ethe;p,erson whose name is stated in t~e usual manner on 
copies of the cinematographic work. 
, The provisions of sections 46, 47 and' 48 shall apply without the limitations stipulated 
in the preceding paragraphs. . 
~e provisiot:l in section 41 a shall apply to literary, scientific or artistic works which. , 
have bee~ mad.e avallabfe to the public by a No~egiannational or a person Who is resident in' 
the realm, or bY.B c'oinpany which has 8 Norwegian hoard of directors and whose registered 
office is in the realm. 
,§ S8. The provisions ofch~pter 5, except for sections 43, 43a and 44 ~nd'the right of , ' 
, distribution referred to in sections-42 and 45y ~halI apply for the benefit of works created by 
, a) ~ NOrWeIDari national or' a,'person who is resident i~ the realm,' '. " 
. b) a' comp~y which has a No'rwegian board of dire.ctors 'and whose registered office IS in. '" 
. the reahn~ , . " 
, The provlsibns of sections 42 and 45 a shall, moreover, also apply to perf()nn.~ce$ and 
broadcasts whic~take plac~ in N~ .tWay. The provision concerning the right of distribution In' 
sections 42 .and 45 shall apply to sound. and film fiXRti~~s ·made in Norway. The pi-ovisio~ · in . 
. s'ection 45 'concerning the right to' make ,copies shall apply for the benefit ':If all sound arid film 
fl.xations. The provision in section 43 'shall apply to works that are prod,uced. by a' p'er~ori ~h6 ' 
,is a national of or re'sident in or who ,has his registered office in a country wi~in,the .Ruropem. ' 
~conomicArea .. The provi.sion in section 44'shal1 apply to press releases whicl) are rec~ived in 
.NorwaY_ The .pr()~i'sion in section 43 a shall appiy to photographic pictures first published in' 
'the realm. or which have. been produced 'by a person who is a national of or resident in or',who 
has his registered o'f~ce in a country within the ~uropean E~onomic Are~. 'The same shal~ .:­
apply to photo.graphs placed.in buildings or penitanent structUres situated in a country within 
the said ~ea. . . 
The provisio.l1 in section 45 c shall apply ~o pictures of persons who are or have been 
r~sidcnt ,in the realm. 
~§ S8 8. When' ~orkg ,6r performances are broadcast by satellite from a country outside the 
, European Economic Area, this"Ac(shali apply ifthe'suteliite receives,signals from Norway or 
if the broadca..qt is' commissioned by a broadcas'ting organIzation which has its hgtidquarters in 
the realm. ~js provision s~all apply only if the rilles'ofthe tr~nsmittirig country regarding the' 
right to brotulcast works and performances do not provide protection correspondirig to that 
provided under this Act. 
§ 59., On condition of reciprocity; the King may issue regulations to the effect that the 
provisions of this Act shall apply, who1 t'y or partly, to works which hav~ a 'speci fie' connection . 
with a foreign state. 
The King may' further decide that the provisions of this Act shall wholly or partly 
apply to literary, scienti~.c or artistic works publ,ished hy a supranationuI organization, and' 
unpublished Y'orks wh.ich SUC~1 organization has' the right to' puhlish. IPINIIINOR/C/3 
Pagina 24 
The provision shall apply correspondingly to the wotks described in chapter 5. . 
Out of consideratiori for an agreement with. a foreib'Il state, the King may furthermore' 
issue special provisi~hs concerning agreements regardip.g the assignment of the right to make 
a fil~ of a work for cinem~ or television, including the wor~s to which the provisions shall. 
apply . 
. § 60 .. This Act shall also apply to literary, scientific and artistic works .arid other ~orks 
produced prior to t.he entry into force of this Act.. ..' . 
. Copies that have lawfully 'been produced prior to. the entry into force of this Act may 
continue to be distributed or exhibited outside private premises, but in such a way ~hatt~e '" 
provisions of sections '1.9, 42 W1d AS fmd the provisions of section 19 ~egarding the lending o-f. 
machine-readable copies of computer programs shall also apply in such cases . 
. . Chapter 9. Enttylnto force of the Act an~ amendment of other statutes. 
§ '61.. TIlis Act enterS into force on 1 July 196.1 ~ 
From' the.same date the Act of 6 June 1930 relating to literary, scj.eritific ah~ artistic­
works is. ropealed. : . 
. . Refer'enc~ in 'other' statutes to the Act of 6 June 1930, or to the'Act of 4 July '1893 : 
'r~lating 'to author$' copYright ~d artists' rights, with the amendin'g Act of 25 July 19 10; shall 
#pply to the corresponding"pr9visions of this Act. IPIN/lINORlC/3 
Pagina 25 
Proposition No. 15 to the Odelsdnget regarding the Act relating to amendments In the 
Copy·rlght Act, etc. 
III 
Entry into force and ~rans .ltlonal provisions 
1. This Act shall enter into force from such date as the King will decid~. The in,jividual- . 
Pfovisiop.s of the Act may be brought into force at various times, . 
2. From 'such tlme as 'this A'et comes into force, Provisi()nal Act-No.-40 of 8 June.1 ~79 :· 
relating to photocopying. etc, of protected works for use in educational activities shall . 
be repealed," . . . ' . '. , ' ". . 
J. The following trans'itional provisions sh~l1 apply in respect o(am .endt:n~ts t'o the" .. 
CopY!1ght Act:' . . 
a).' :' Except-tor what:fol1o~s from section'60, sec:on9 paragraph; ·as. th~ said" '; 
p~agraph reads after am~dmerits of thi~ Act, ~d litra" b) to 'e) and g) belo~,-the . ~ 
amendments to ~is "Act B~all not apply to actions earned put ~r rig~t~ tlcquir~d prtortq. 
the entry into force of this Act. : ~ .: ' 
b) Any perSon .who~ prior to the entry intof<;lrce of this Act" ha~ lawfully acquired 
a copy ofa work of art shall be deemcdalso to' have acquired'the ·righfto.rent out the' . 
copy, ·uril~.s otherwise agreed, .. ',.. . " ., .. ' ,_: :,' 
c)' Unless otherwise agreed, an agreement concerning a sound fixation'or film uf~' 
the perfonnance of a perfomiing artist which was concluded prior to the 'entrY into' . 
tt)rce of this' Act shaH also include the rental right in respect of copies of the s~l.:lnd 
fixation or 1he filriI~ , ' ',.: . . -" ". , 
cl) .. ,' Unless .. otherWis~e agreed, ail.agreement regarding the use'ofa'sound fix'ationin' 
a fih~ which:was concluded prior to the entry int~ force qfthis'Act shall' ~lso i~chjd~ 
th~ re.f:ltal right in respect of copies oft~e ,film. ,"' ' 
e) .~. 'Unless othernrise agreed, an agreement regarding the assibsnmerit of a sound' ' 
fix~tion or film' ~hich was concluded with the p~oducer prior "'to~e entry into force '(if. 
this Act shall 'also . include the rental right in respect of copies of the spun,d ",fixat~on 'or" film. : , " , . " . 
t): A work of art whi~h has.been.included in frpopular 'ed~9ati<?na] prb~~ction 
pursuant to sectio~ 13 ~ sec~nd p8r~graph~ or of which' a picture h~ 'be~ri 'l;n,cl uded in 
th~ production pursuant" to'. section 23, ~ird paragraph; ~econd sentence, as;the~e " 
provisions read prior to the amendments of ~his Act, may be i~cludod in new editions 
of the publication up to f January 1999." ' . , . 
g) For agreemonts which were conc}llded prior to the entryinto force of this A'et, 
u new section 58 a shall not be applied until I January,2000. IPINI1 INORlC/3 
Pagina 26 
Pr~posftfon no. ~4 to the Odelsting regarding (he Act relating. to amendments of the 
Copyright Act, etc. 
11 
Commencement and transitional pro'vlslons . . 
I. This Act s.hall enter into' force from such date as the King will decide. From such d.ato-
. as this Act comes ipto torce~. Act No. 1 of 17 June 1960 relat'ing to rightS in 
photographic .pictures· shall be repealed. 
2. The following transitional provisions shall apply in respect of the W'l1end~ents to this 
Ad: '. 
a)'. The amendments to this Act shall not apply to actions' c~rrie4 'out or rights 
acquired prior ~o the C?ntry into force 'of this.·Act.· . , 
b) '. Tt: prior to the e~try in~o force of this Act, work has com1l)~c~d,o,;n ~he .. '. 
production of copies or substantial preparations have been made tdptodl:lce copies 'of a 
wor~ or works referred to in Chap~er 5 and which ~der the fOmler rules are,uQt. . 
p'rotectedtthe production of copies may,'regardless of the rieW:teims. of"protectt6n~ to 
the extent necessary and usual~ be completed as planned~ but not later than, by I' 
Jan\.~ary iOO.Q·~, r' ". .' . '. . ,.",... .:. " .. : .. " .. c. 
. C"Pies pr~duce~ p'urSu~t to the :first p'affigr~ph may b~dist1ibu~e~ '~r exhibiJed.~:'. 
outside private premises, but' 80 that the prov.isions relating to renta1' in sections 19'~'4~ ",' 
. and 45 and the pro".ision~ 'o'f $ccdon 1,9. regarding 'the len.dIng Qf tnach~ne-readahle:':: .;~ .,:. 
Copies' D.r co~puter" progranis shait' apply' also in :such <c~8es. .' ;" .' .'.. ',r ",' 
.' ... The prov.isieo in '~e firsiparagraph shaU not apply to ~l1e productio'nof cop_ie~ ; 
by copying a so~rid fixation: . .. . 
c)' If El work o.r. 8 ~brk referred. to in Chapter 5 forms part of a. fixation nitide' Ylith 
a partiCUlar view to use in·~r.Oadcasting, ·and the:.fixation was made when the work .or 
work, under the former rules, was not protected~ the fixati~n may, regardless oft~e . 
new tenns of protection, b~ ~sed f~r broadcasts '~ntif I January 2000. This"shali also 
apply to the screening of films which contain such works. ' 
d) . The provision in point c)'above shall 'also apply to fixations' made pursuant to 
point ~) above. . . 
e)' 'The ~endments to this Act shall not apply if this will result in a. shorter tenn' 
of protection than that a6corded by the. fanner provisions. HoWever, the provision in . 
scctjon41. first ,paragraph. third senterice, shall apply aR fronl'the date of entry into: 
force of this Act.' :. . 
f} The prOVision in section 41 .a shall nc)t apply to works that have been made· 
available ~o the public' in th~ manner prescribed by the provision prior to the entry into 
force of this Act, 'unless a corresponding term o~prote'ctioh is already running for i}le 
work in another country within the European Economic Area at the time of the entry.­
into force of this Act. 
g) '. The provision in section,43 a shall not ~pply when the term of protection 
.accorded by the fonner pro~isions pf the Act relating to rights in photographic pitture~ 
has expired prior to the entry int<.) force of this Act. . . 
h) Any person who, prior to the entry into'torce of this Ac~ has lawfully acquired 
a photographic work or a ph()tographic picture shall also be deemed to have acquired. 
the rental right to the copy, unless otherv.dsc afJreed. IP/N/1/NORlC/3 
Pagina 27 
i) If a work of art ~hat was not protected by the fonner provisions has been 
i,ncluded in a cri,tic~] or s'ciehtific public~tio~ of a popular educa~iOriaJ, char'acter 
publishe4 pnor to the entrY into tbrc~ of this Act,.the-~ork m'ay ~einclud~d in new 
editions of-the pUblication until .1 J arniruy 1999. The provision shall ,only'~pply Where, 
the work of~, is rep~oduced' in connection with the text. If m9.~e: th~ one work of art 
b'y the 9ame.'~u~h<?r is rep,foduced, he shaH ~~ entitled to,remuneration~ , 