COTTON WILL HELP
BEAT THE GERMANS
\ _
Crops Produced For Food Should Re
ceive First Attention, But World
Needs Cotton.
I
By W. E. Ayers, Cotton Specialist, Ar
kansas Experiment Station, U. of A.
Crops produced primarily for food
and feed should always receive first
attention, but the world needs and
must have cotton. Three successive
short crops and the lack of steamer
space have reduced the visible supply
both at home and abroad to a danger
Fous minimum. Another extremely
short crop might be disastrous. Cot
ton is the basis of the pnncioal ex
plosives used by our armies and na
vies. A twelve-inch gun uses half a
bale at a shot and an active machine
Sun disposes of a bale in less than five
minutes. These demands are second
ary only to food and feed and the
world must be clothed besides. Cot
ton clothes 80 per cent of the world
and the warring nations have been
patching their clothing for three years.
It must soon be renewed.
The seed from a normal crop of cot
ton will aid materially in relieving the
food shortage. Cotton oil supplies half
the lard or shortening fat used in the
United States today. The seed from
a bale of cotton produces meal equiv
alent in feeding value—-when properly
balanced—to ten or twelve bushels of
com. The hulls from the seed of
10,000,000 bales of cotton will replace
1,500,000 tons of non-legume hay as a
xeea ror cauie.
It is imperative that every acre of
cotton produce a maximum yield. To
do this, proper cultivation is necessary.
The use of two-horse and two-row cul
tivators should be made the rule rath
er than the exception. There is no bet
ter implement for cultivating small
cotton than a cultivator equipped with
»ide harrow attachments or four small
■weeps. One man, two mules, and a
cultivator can do the work of two men
and two mules working in the old way.
An average white man or a good negro
can operate a two-row cultivator and
do the work of four men and mules on
large level fields where rows are reg
ular and comparatively straight. Shal
low cultivation often enough to keep
down weeds and grass and preserve a
mulch is necessary.
If it is necessary to “speed up" the
work at any time, a center furrow with
a large sweep or heel sweep will make
■ mulch and kill a maximum of
grass and weeds in a minimum
of time. A man and team and a
cultivator equipped with two large
■ weeps can center furrow 15 acres in
a day. With this done the crop will
wait for other work.
The best and most reliable labor
should do the plowing. When plowing
Is needed men and mules should be at
the plow, unless the land is too wet.
A man with a cultivator or even a sin
gle plow can kill more grass and weeds
In a day than he can kill in weeks with
a hoe. When it is too wet to plow, all
* hands should hoe. It very seldom stays
too wet to hoe more than a few hours.
Cotton which has not been thinned
to one plant per hill before it is ten
Inches high, will, in most cases, pro
duce more if not so thinned unless
there are mor^ than 25,000 plants per
acre. Within reasonable limits the
more plants per acre the greater the
yield. Experiments show that 12-inch
spacing produces 10 to 25 per cent
more cotton than wider spacing.
The use or 1UU pounas per acre oi
nitrate of soda on poor or medium
soils is usually profitable. It should
be applied around the plants not later
than the time at which they begin to
bloom. It should be covered immedi
ately by cultivating the crop.
Summary Statements.
|k There is a shortage of cotton, not in
^ the South but in the world. Cotton is
necessary to both the army -and the
civilian population. Cottonseed prod
ucts supply food, feed and ammunition.
Two and three-horse cultivators will
help relieve the labor shortage.
Large sweeps do much in little time.
most at :
the plow.
All hands should hoe when it is too
wet to plow.
Thin spacing is undesirable.
The proper use of nitrate of soda
Is profitable.
SAVE PLENTY OF SEED
OATS AND WHEAT.
Dean Martin Nelson.
Arkansas farmers in the past have
been too dependent upon seed oats and
seed wheat from sources outside the ■
State because many cut their entire I
crop for hay and save no seed. No j
greater mistake could be made this
year because economic conditions de
mand that oats and wheat growers
save seed so that an abundant supply
~ will be available for fall, late winter
' and spring seeding.
A greater acreage of wheat, rye and
winter oats will probably be planted
this fall than ever before. Certainly
it is to be preferred that all fields be
planted from seed grown under south
ern conditions. Seed locally grown
and from a variety which has “made
M good” is positively preferable to an
f ~
1ST PLANT LATE
IRISH POTATOES
Potatoes From the Early Crop Can
Not Successfully Be Kept Over
During Hot Summer Months.
J. 8. Knox, Horticulturist, Extension
Division, U. of A.
Even though Arkansas has what is
supposed to be the largest Irish potato
crop in its history, it must be remem
bered that potatoes from the early
crop can not successfully be kept over
the hot months of summer. Every
fajnily must, therefore, plant a late
crop for a winter use or take a
chance on doing without potatoes be
cause with the transportation facilities
of the railroadB overburdened there is
doubt whether or not we can get cars
to haul potatoes into our State. We
must not burden our railroads by im
porting potatoes this year. The late
crop of Irish potatoes is the important
one for the Southern farmer because
potatoes from this crop can be stored
easily over the winter or even until
the spring crop is ready for use. Po
tatoes from the late crop are also ex
cellent to use as seed for planting the
early crop. The yield from the late
crop is not generally very good yet
it will require only one-fourth to one
half acre of ground to produce all of
the potatoes that the average family
will need.
The following suggestions may be
helpful to those who wish to plant a
late crop of potatoes: About two to
three weeks before the potatoes are
to be planted they should be placed in
a semi-shady location, piled not more
than four inches deep, then covered
over with straw, leaves or old sacks.
This should be kept moist until the po
tatoes begin to sprout. As soon as
the sprouts are one-fourth of an inch
long it is time to plant the potatoes.
In planting it is a good idea to cover
the potatoes as soon as possible after
dropping because the extreme heat of
the summer sun may damage them.
Since the soil is generally rather dry
at planting time for the late crop, it is
considered best to plant the potatoes
a little deeper than is required for the
early crop. The deep planting insures
a more abundant supply of moisture
for the plants and at the same time
the deeper soil is some cooler than th#
surface soil. It is true, however, that
even though the seed pieces are plant
ed deep the young potatoes will often
form near the surface of the ground
Remember that if you step on each
piece of potato as it is planted it will
be brought in direct contact with the
soil, thus insuring more moisture for
sprouting. This, of course, is practical
only on a small scale. The planting
should be done from July 15 to August
1. However, some prefer to delay
planting until August 10. This may be
all right for certain years, but our
farmers lost several thousand bushels
last fall because of late planting and
early frost. The later the crop can
be planted, the better, just so it has
time to mature before frost, but it is
generally ♦onsi'jpred safer to plant at
the earlier date. We can’t afford to
lose our crops this yea» because the
South needs them.
Cultivation for the late crop does
not differ from that 6f the early plant
ed crop. The surface of the soil must
be kept well stirred. The cultivation
will keep the soil from becoming ex
cessively hot beneath the area culti
vated by allowing the air to circulate
more readily between the soil parti
cles. In case of heavy rain cultivate
as soon afterwards as the soil is suf
ficiently dry. Do not cultivate pota
toes when the vines are wet, since by
so uomg you may spieau uisease. inuiue
diseases spread very readily when
moisture is present.
The late blight which often causes
a great loss in this second crop can
be controlled almost completely by the
use of Bordeaux mixture. The dying
of leaves is often spoken of as tip
burn or sun-scald, but Bordeaux mix
ture greatly lessens the damage done.
As soon as the crop is mature it
should be dug and placed in a cool
cellar or banked out in the opeu.
Some of our farmers store the crop in
banks successfully. A well-drained lo
cation should be selected and a slight
mound made. Over this place a'layer
of dry straw or leaves. Pile the pota
toes on this in a cone shape, having
some form of ventilator through them.
Next cover these with a layer of straw
or leaves; over this put a layer of soil
very shallow at first but deeper as the
weather gets cold. Cover so that the
potatoes will not get wet and freeze.
It is best to place only twenty to
thirty bushels in a heap.
KEEP THE GARDEN AT WORK
DURING JULY.
Don’t let the garden loaf during
July. In spite of the hot weather it
will pay to keep it going this summer.
Stir the surface of the soil and
help retain the moisture. Lima,
beans, snap beans, tomatoes, cucum
bers, squashes, etc., should be planted
this month to take the place of those
planted earlier. A garden calen
dar which will tell what to plan',
when to plant, and how to plant can
be secured by writing to the Extension
Division, University of Arkansas, Fay
etteville.
PRESERVE EGGS ~
FOR WINTER USE
Interesting Experiments at the College
of Agriculture Show What Pre
servatives Are Beet.
By S. R. Stout, Assistant Poultry Hus
bandman, Arkansas Experiment Sta
tion, University of Arkansas.
During the fall and early winter
eggs are very scarce and high-priced.
Therefore, we should preserve for win
ter use in the best possible way all
eggs not used fresh in summer. There
are a number of methods employed for
preserving eggs, some of which are
water glass, lime water, salt, vaseline
and patent preservatives.
Last June an experiment was started
at the Arkansas Experiment Station to
ascertain the efficiency of different
egg preservatives that were available
at that time. Seven different preserv
atives were used, namely: Water glass,
lime water, salt, vaseline, Yankee, E.
Z., and Flemings’ egg preservatives.
The water glass was prepared by
boiling nine quarts of clean water and
they, after it had been allowed to cool,
one quart of water glass was added.
The solution was well mixed and set
aside for a short time. The solution
was poured from one vessel to another
until the solution was well mixed and
cold. The eggs were placed in the
water glass the same day they were
laid and stored in a basement room.
The lime water was prepared in
much the same way as was the water
glass. The eggs were placed in a sat
urated solution which was made by
slaking a small amount of quick lime
in a small quantity of water. The
milk of lime obtained was added to
five gallons of clean, fresh water. This
solution was well mixed and allowed
to settle. The liquid was then drawn
off, and when it became cool was
poured into earthen crocks. The eggs
were placed in the solution as soon as
they were gathered.
The eggs placed in the salt were
packed in common salt, small end
down. Those preserved in the patent
preservatives were preserved accord
ing to the directions which accom
panied the preservative. The vaseline
was applied in much the same way as
was the patent preservatives, by plac
ing a small amount of vaseline in the
palms of the hands and rubbing each
egg well, making sure the entire sur
face was covered. The eggs were all
placed in egg cartons and stored in the
same room with the water glass and
lime water and salt.
After six months the eggs were
tested by the Home Economics De
partment for their cooking qualities,
with the following results:
Eggs preserved in water glass were
found to resemble fresh eggs more
nearly than did any of the others.
They were suitable for cooking, mak
ing custards and cakes. However,
they were not good poached. Those in
the lime water wert next in quality.
None of the others were as satisfac
tory as the water glass and lime water.
There was no difference in the keep
ing qualities of fertile and infertile
eggs, nor in the color of the shell.
However, this holds good only when
eggs are preserved the same day they
are laid; otherwise, infertile eggs are
more suitable for preserving.
FRUIT CAN BE PUT
UP WITHOUT SUGAR
Canning Specialists Say Boiling Wa
ter May Be Used Instead of
Syrup.
The present shortage and price of
sugar is no excuse for not canning a
big surplus. Fruit for use in pies
or stewed fruit can be put up
without the use of sugar, accord
ing to the canning specialists of
the Extension Division of the Univers
ity of Arkansas. Any fruit may be
sterilized successfully and retained in
the pack by simply adding boiling
water instead of the hot syrup.
Can the product the same day it is
picked. Cull, stem, or seed and clean
the fruit by placing it in a strainer
and pouring water over it until it is
clean. Pack the product thoroughly
in glass jars or tin cans until they
are full; use the handle of a table
spoon, wooden ladle, or table knife
for packing purposes. Pour over the
iruit boiling water from a kettle, place
rubbers and caps In position, partially
seal if using glass jars, seal complete
ly if using tin cans. Place the con
tainers in a sterilizing vat, such as a
wash boiler with false bottom, or
other receptacle improvised for the
purpose. If using a hot water bath out
fit, process for thirty minutes, count
ing time after the water has reached
the boiling point; the water must
cover the highest jar in container. Af
ter sterilizing, remove packs, seal
glass jars, wrap in paper to prevent
bleaching, and store in a dry, cool
place.
If you are canning in tin cans it will j
improve the product to plunge the '
cans Quickly into cold water lmme- j
diately after sterilization.
For instructions on canning peaches, j
pears, apples, and vegetables, write to 1
be Extension Division, Old State- J
bouse, Little Rock, Ark.
^ We have bought the interest
^ of A. R. Jones in the New
^ Central hotel and will eon
^ tinue to operate the place,
^ promising the public the
^ same up-to-date service
^ which we have establishod
^ during the past several
^ months. We will appreciate
the public patronage.
^ American Plan
^ Rates: $1.25 to $1.50
+ per day.
^ Satisfaction guaranteed or
^ money refunded.
^ MR. AND MRS.
^ J. S. SNETHERS.
Whenever You Need a General Tonic
Take Grove’s.
The Old Standard Grove’s Tasteless
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t** ♦
Dr. W. L. Davenport
♦ - ♦
i DENTAL SURGEON *
! -,j
^ to free work for the boys ^
that are to be drafted. Ex- A
^ tracting and crown and ^
▲ bridge work a specialty. ^
i - i
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^ 9 to 12 a. m. ^
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1 - 1
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▲. Telephone 4^
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REAL ESTATE
BARGAINS
We are offering for
sale the following splen
did properties:
240 Acres south of Diaz,
1 175 acres in cultivation;
six good houses and
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as the Slayden farm.
120 Acres, five miles
south of Tuckerman,
near Campbell school,
80 acres in cultivation,
I all undergood wire fence,
two good houses and
barns. $60 per acre— -
| good terms.
80 Acres three miles
west of Tuckerman, on
the proposed rock road;
45 acres in cultivation.
Worth $4,000—good
terms.
800 Acres w'oodland
near Tupelo—$15 per
acre.
i
'1
JACKSON COUNTY j
REALTY CO.
TUCKERMAN, ARK.
A Good Farm
IS ONE OF THE BEST
in vestm ents you can
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Let us show you some of
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After you have taken Hall’s Ca
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-BUY W. S. S.
Did you read that America is the
deciding factor? Coming from Lord
Milner this statement is momntuous
and America is not coming in—she j
has come in—America is in.
♦ *
▲ AUTO SERVICE +
^ TO BATESVILLE. +
^ Car will arrive in Newport ^
<£► from Batesville each day at ^
& 4:30 p. m. and depart for ^ i
^ Batesville at 6 o’cloik p. m. ♦ i
4)> Fare to Batesville $2.50. ^
4^ Reasonable rates to interme- ^
^ diate points. Passengers ^
^ may locate car near Iron ^
Mountain depot. ^
ARNN & BROOKS *
^ 54d5t wit. +
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦
♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦*
; :
DR. IRA H. ERWIN ♦
EYE ♦
EAR |
NOSE X
and THROAT J
n ♦
- ♦
Phone 7C. «
♦
WISHON BUILDING. ♦
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NOTICE.
The assessors of Bridge Imprev*> jHHH
ment District No. 1, of the City of Bjijj
Newport, Arkansas, will meet at theflBffil
office of the First National Bank 01wl|B
Monday, July 8th, 1918, for the pfU^H||||||
pose of adjusting the benefits tccr&^jBS
ing to the property in said districfl||||91|
since the last assessment. jH|B||||f
C. J. SAENGER,
Secretary. Bllllllppj
This June 25th, 1918.
-BUY W. S. S.-- «§§§
STOCK NOTICE. W|g|
Notice is hereby given that, U^H
marshal of the city of Newport, I
have taken up the following livestock, "lH|
to-wit:
One large bay horse mule, about 10 IB
years old, right hind ankle enlarged. jfij
The owner of said stock is hereby 11
notified to come forward and prove
ownership to the undersigned, and |
that in default thereof, I will on s
SATURDAY, JULY 6, 1918,
offer for sale at public auction to the |
highest bidder for cash, in front of
the city hall in the city of Newport, * |
Arkansas, between the hours of 10 |
o’clock a, m. and 3 o'clock in the af*
ternoan of said date.
fi C MARTIN. H
52dl0t.