THE DES ARC CITIZEN.
T PER A1V5IUM,
PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
TIFTT NUMBERS MAKING A VOLUME.
RATES OF ADVERTISING.
Rvtks or Advertising.—One square (10
fines of this sue type) for one insertion, $1;
each additional insertion, 50 cents.
' 1 rn. | 2 in. | 3 m. | fl in. | year.
t'S^Irl! $2 50]$5 001 $8 00|$10 00] $15 00
2 S mares, 5 00 8 00|l0 00! 12 00] 17 00
3 Siuares, 8 00 10 00 12 00! 15 00 25 00
1-4 Column, i TO 00|12 00 15 00] 17 00 30 00
1-2 Column, 112 0n|l5 00|17 00] 20 00] 40 00
3-1 Column, 115 00 17 00:20 00. 25 oo! 50 00
1 Column, 18 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 60 00
Advertisers by the year will be res
tricted to their legitimate business.
Advertisements displayed by large type,
or in double columns, charged double the above
rates.
w Personal communications charged dou
ble the rates of regular advertisements.
Legal advertisements will be charged,
for one square or less, first insertion $1, and
AO cents per square for each additional inser
tion.
(ftp* Announcing candidates for State and
District offices, $7; County offices, $5; Town
ship. offices $3, invariably in advance.
iCalls on persons to become candidates
are charged at the usual rates, except when
pel sons making the calls are subscribers to
our paper. Payment in advance.
(^"Political circulars charged as adver
tisements.
Advertisements noi orunreu u»i «
cidied time, will be inserted till forbidden, and
rharged for accordingly.
g^*All advertising to be paid for quarterly.
OUR JOB PRINTING DEPARTMENT.
Wt have supplied ourselves with a good
assortment of Printing Material, and are
ready to execute all kinds of Job Printing, on
reasonable terms.
We are prepared to print Pamphlets, Cata
logues, Posters, large or small, Cards, Ball
Tickets, Bill Heads, Blanks of every descrip
Mon, for Clerks, Sheriffs, Justices of the
Feace, Constables, &c. _
J J. s. ANDER*H>>.
SADDLE, BRIDLE
MAliWM
DES Alto, ARKANSAS.
RESPECTFULLY informs f’SW-.
the citizens of Prairie and
adjacent counties, that he has on hand. 3
and is prepared to manufacture to order,
Saddles. Bridles. Martingales. Buggy.
Carriage sind Hack Harness,
As well as every other description of wonc
usually done in such establishments.
ggr Shop on Lyon street, back of m itn
Jackson’s store. __ ^an_^_
- —■^cP|IBuson ,
COUNTY SURVKYOR.
a LL persons wishing my services in
J'*" this department of business, will please
address me at Brownsville, Prairie county,
Ark. Every call will be punctually G.led.
novl3-ly __
“NEW ItESTAU 11A N T !
*1*1133
COSMOPOLITAN !
Corner of Buena Vista and Lyon streets,
I>j:S ARC, ARKANSAS,
TS now open for the reception ot \■isiiors.—
\_ The best of Liquors, Wines, Ale, Cigars,
etc., will be kept constantly on hand.
Oysters, Game, &c., will be furnished at
short notice. . . . '.
>2T This Restaurant win oe accenaeu uy
HARVEY'S X CHANGE.
Corner of Buena Vista and Foster
Streets,
NEAR THE JACKSON HOUSE,
DES ARC. ARKANSAS.
f 1 WING completed our new building, and
f J. or)"m>d a first class establishment for the
icoommodation of the public, and furnished it
with the best of Liquors, Cigars,
t’obacco, etc., the undersigned natter
Uemsoives that they will continue to receive
the patronage which has been heretofore be
stowed upon them.
Adjoining their Exchange they keep a
getical assortment of F A M1L.Y GROCERIES.
Also Cove Oysters, Sardines, Fine Pickles,
Catsups, Pepper Sauce, etc., etc.
jy2t-tf HARVEY & MATTHEWS.
A. S. HARRIS,
sr ,1 t c si - . fi f K e is
AND
jrH'CCTEX.EIl
OFFICF, on Buena Vista ^
street, o p p &s i t e
Nucleus House. Des Arc,
Arkansas. Clocks. Watches and Jewelry
repaired with neatness and dispatch, and war
ranted to give satisfaction. nov20-6m
"^"LEPTIEN,
CLOCK AND WATCH
I AND
JEWELLER,
Buena Vista street, opposite A. Stewart &
Brothers,
DES ARC, ARKANSAS,
T> ESPECTFULLY informs the citizens o
5 A Des Arc and the adjacent country, that hi
s prepared to execute all kinds of CLOCli
and WATCH Work, in a workmanlike man
•ier, and to Repair and Clean Jewelry, &c.
jan30-tf
JAMES JOHNSON,
tin ns m if It,
DES ARC, ARKANSAS.
•~> ft Having permanently located myself
XL * am n epared to manufacture GUNS
X PISTOLS, ie., to order.
All kinds of Fire-Arms Repaired
on reasonable terms.
■ I.OCKS repaired, and KEYS made
In fact, any kind of work in my line will bi
i ivmptly attended to.
Terms—Cask. »pr3 ly
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
TVR.T N. lTrAGLAND. having lo
” cated on Wattensaw, at the residence
heretofore occupied by W. B. Means, deceas
ed. offers his professional services to the
public.
ggp* Calls promptly attended to. [apr 1-ly.
T\R. T. J. CUMMINGS, having per
manently at Atlanta, Prairie county,
Ark., offers his professional services to the
public.
f^T Having practiced in hospitals as well
as in families, he flatters himself that he can
rentier satisfaction to his patrons.
Office at Peebles’ Hotel [apr 1-tf.
ThR J. c. GOODWIN, determined to
remain permanently in Des Arc, will
continue to treat diseases, both Acute and
Chronic in accordance with the most approv
ed principles of Scientific and Demonstrative
Medicine.
(JSg” Thankful for the liberal patronage he
has heretofore enjoyed, respectfully solicits
its continuance.
Office at D. P. Black & Co’s.. Drug
Store. Charges as low as any Physician in
town. apriil-ly.
DR. J. L. NEEL, having permanent
ly located in Des Arc, Arkansas, offers
his professional services to the citizens of
the town and vicinity. Office over Washer,
Vaughan & Co’s Store. [mar U-6m.
DR. T. SANDERS, late of Memphis,
having settled in the town of Des Arc,
tenders his professional services to the citi
zens of said town and vicinity; and, from a
long experience in the healing art in the West,
flatters himself that he will share their pat
ronage. Office on Buena Vista street.
Residence on Woodruff street. dec5-tf
DK. \\ . P . WALSll, having located at
Des Arc, offers his Professional Ser
vices to the public. f^T Calls promptly at
tended to. may2‘J, 185S-ly*
Dr. wm. bethell. will continue
iho Practice of Medicine in Des Arc, and
vicinity. From his long experience in his
profession, and having resided in Arkansas
during the past fourteen years, he hopes to re
ceive" a share of the public patronage.—
fjj-T Office at Lane &■ Watts’s Drug
store. Residence in the building formerly
occupied as the “ Erwin House.” may22-tf
DR. J. J. LANE, will Practice Medi
cine in the different branches of the Pro
fession, and respectfully tenders his services to
the'citizens of Des Arc and surrounding coun
try, hoping to share at least a portion of their
patronage. OFFICE—On Buena Vista street,
inavlo-tf
/"A CHIDSEY, Residentj££2g£?a
\ Dentist, (’lark’s Marbie,^ni*sir§p*R
Block, Memphis.Tennessee. Will
visit Des Arc. of which notice will be given
through the “ Citizen.” octlG-Om
* AS. R. H ARR1NGTC)N
** Mechanical and Surgica
Dentist, Near Oakland Grove.
Prairie county, Arkansas. DR. HARRING
TON is prepared to perform any operation, or
execute any artificial work in the Dental pro
fession. Iiehopes by his particular attention,
carefulness and experience to merit the pat
ronage and influence of the citizens of Prairie
and adjoining counties, which he respectfully
solicits. may30-ly
HHARLES P. BERTRAND Attob
ney at Law, Little Rock, Ark. [jan2l
P JORDAN, Attorney at Law,
. Little Rock, Arkansas. [decll-ly.
¥G. & B. D. TURNER, Attok
# neys at Law, and General Collec
tor-, Searcy. White county, Arkansas. Prac
tice in the Circuit Courts of Randolph, Law
rence, Independence, Jackson. White, Prairie,
Monroe, Arkansas. Jefferson and Pulaski
counties, and in the Supreme and Federal
Courts at Little Rock Aik. Prompt and
faithful attention given to the collection of all
claims sent to them. |jan8-tf.
I,. FEATHERSTON... p. H. FARR.
TAEATHERSTON &. FARR, Attor
J I keys at Law, and Re al Estate Agents,
Clarendon, Arkansas. Will practice in the
a . ncm
COUIUIU3 I'l lTiwniwc, . rv....... , ..
Francis, Jackson amt Phillips. Particular
attention given to collections. References:
Madison, Ark., Hon. W. 0. Beaseley, S. W.
Childress; Clarendon, Ark.. H. M. Couch,
Panola. Miss., Col. Calvin Miller; Coifeevillc,
Miss.. 12. C. Walthall; Memphis. Tenn., D.
M. Dll Bose. Esq., W. J. Webb ; Holly Springs,
Miss.. W T. Featherston ; Washington. D.
C., Jacob Thompson. jyl7
T E. GATEWOOD, Attorney at
,) . Law. Des Arc, Prairie county, Arkansas.
WH) practice in the counties of Prairie, Ar
kansas, Monroe, St. Francis. Jackson. White,
Conway, and Pope. He will give prompt at
tention to all business entrusted to him.
OFFICE—Over Town Hale. (Frith’s
New Building.) first door. febl3—tf
JW. MARTIN, Attorney at Law,
Des Arc, Prairie county, Arkansas. Will
practice in the counties of Prairie, Arkansas.
Monroe, St. Francis, Jackson and White.
(jrs» Prompt attention given to the collection
of claims; also, the locating, selling ami pay
ing taxes on land, fiST Office on Lyon street.
sept26-tf
YT7TLLIAM T JONES Attorney
\V at Law, Brownsville, Arkansas. Will
practice in the Counties of Prairie, Jefferson,
Arkansas, Monroe, St. Francis, Jackson ami
White. Prompt attention given to the collec
tion of all claims in the middle and eastern
part of the State. sept26-tf
sam’l W. WILLIAMS.. L. n. WILLIAMS.
Y\/TLLlAMS & WILLIAMS, At
torneys at Law, Little Rock, Ar
kansas. Office on Markham street. One of
our firm will be almost always at Brownsville,
where he can be consulted on professional
business, and will give his personal attention
to all matters in Law and Equity, entrusted to
them. _______dec4_
JA. MOON, Attorney at Law,
General Collecting and Land Agent
For the Northern and Eastern Counties ol
Arkansas, Des Arc, Arkansas. octiO
J. L. IfOLLOWELL... D. JACOWAY
HOLLOWELL & JACOWAY. At
torneys at Law. Dardanelte, Arkansas
Will practice in the counties of Yell. Perry
Saline. Pulaski, Prairie, Conway and Pope.
je2ti-tf
|> FURNISS MARTIN, Attorney
at Law, Brownsville, Prairie county
Arkansas. Will practice in the counties ol
Prairie, Pulaski, Conway, Pope. Yell, Perry
Saline, White, Arkansas, Jefferson, Jacksoi
: and Monroe. Prompt attention given to th<
collection of claims. Also, the locating, sell
ing and paying taxes on land. jyI7-ly
MY MOTHER S BIBLE.
I)Y GEO. P. MORRIS.
This book is all that's left me now;
Tears will unbidden start—
With faltering and throbbing brow
I press it to my heart,
For many generations past.
Here is our family tree:
My mother’s hands this Bible clasped;
She,dying, gave it me.
Ah! well do I remember those
Whose names these records bear;
Who round the hearth-stone used to close
After the evening prayer.
And speak of what these said.
In tones my heart would thrill !
Though they are with the silent dead,
Here they are living still 1
My father read this holy book
To sisters, brother dear,
How calm was my poor mother’s look
Who leaned God’s word to hear 1
Her angel face—I see it yet !
What thrilling memories come !
And that little group is met
Within the halls of home !
Thou truest friend man ever knew.
Thy constancy I’ve tried:
Where all were false I found thee true,
My counsellor and guide.
The mines of earth no treasures give
That could this volume buy;
In teaching mo the way to live,
It taught me how to die.
THE DEVIL AKirrOM WALKER.
A STORY OF THE LAST CENTURY.
BY WASHINGTON IRVING.
As Tom waxed old, however, he grew
1nnroh , f.i I UfaiMn/v cr m r» n r rl tlio nrnnd
O. . *0 <=>
things of this world, he began to fee! anx
ious about the next. He thought with re
gret on the bargain he had made With his
black friend, and put his wits to work to
cheat him out of his conditions. He be
came, therefore, all of a sudden a violent
church-goer. He prayed loudly and
strenuously, as if heaven were to be car
ried by force of lungs. Indeed, one might
always tell when he sinned most during
the week by the clamor of his Sunday de
votion. The quiet Christians who had
been modestly and quietly traveling Zion
ward were siru k with self-reproach at
seeing themselves s® suddenly outstripped
in their career by this new-maJe convert.
Tom was as rigid in religion as in money
matters; he was astern supervisor and
censurer of his neighbors, and seemed to
think every sin entered up to their account
became a credit on his page. He even
talked of the expediency of reviving the
persecution of the Quakers and Anabap
tists. In a word, Tom’s zeal became as
his riches.
Still, in spite of his strenuous attention
to forms, Tom had a lurking dread that
ihe devil after all would have his due.
That he might not be taken unawares,
therefore, it is said he always carried a
small Bible in his pocket. He also had a
great folio Bible in his counting-house
desk, and would be frequently found read
ing when people called on bu.-iness ; on
such occasions he would lay his green
spectacles on the book to maik the place,
while he turned around to drive some
usurious bargain.
Some say Tom grew a little crack-brain
ed in bis older days, and that, fancying
his end approaching, he had his horse
newly shod, saddled and bridled, and bu
ried with his feet uppermost, because that,
at the last day, the world would be turned
upside down, in which case he would find
his horse ready for mountin'?, and he was
determined at the worst to give Ins friend
la run for it. This, however, is probably
a mere old wife’s fable. If he really did
take that precaution, it was totally super
fluous—at least, so says, the authentic old
legend which closes his story in the fol
lowing manner:
One hot afternoon in the dog-days, just
as a terrible black thunder-gust came up,
Tom sat in ins counting-house in his white
linen cap and India silk morning gown.
He was on the point of foreclosing a mort
gage, by which lie would complete the
ruin of an unhappy speculator for whom
he had professed the greatest friendship.
The poor land-jobber begged him to grant
a few months, indulgence. Tom had
grown testy and irritated, and refused an
other day.
“ My family will be ruined and brought
upon the parish,” said the land-jobber.
“ Charity begins at home,” replied Tom,
“ I must take care of myself these hard
limes.”
“ You have made so much money out
of me,” said the speculator.
Tom lost his patience and his piety
•* The devil take me,” said he, “ if I have
made a farthing.”
Just then there were three loud knocks
at the street door. He stepped out to see
wiio was there. A black man with a
black horse, which neighed and stamped
with impatience.
“ Tom, you are come for,” said the
black fellow, gruffly. Tom shrunk back,
hut too late. He had left his Bible at the
bottom of his coat pocket, and his big
Bible on the desk, buried under the mort
gage be was about to forclose—never was
a poor sinner taken more unawares. The
black man whisked him like a child astride
of the horse, and away lie galloped in the
midst of a thunder-storm. The clerks
stuck their pens behind their ears and
stared after him from the windows.
Away went Tom Walker dashing down
trie streets, iiis while cap bobbing up and
down, his morning gn.vn fluttering in the
wind, and his steed striking fire out of the
pavements a' every bound. When the
clerks turned to •ook, the black man had
disappeared.
Tom Walker never returned to fore
close the mortgage. A countryman whc
lived near the swamp reported that in the
height of the thunder-gust Ite had heard a
great clattering of hoofs and howling
along the road, and that when he ran to
the window he just caught sight of a fig
ure such as I have described, on a horse
that galloped like mad across the fields,
over the hills, and down into the black
hemlock swamps toward the old Indian
fort, and that shortly after a thunder-bolt
i fell in that direction, which seemed to set
the whole forest in a blaze.
The good people of Boston shook their
heads and shrugged their shoulders.
They had been so accustomed to witches
and goblins, and tricks ot the Devil in all
kinds of shapes, from the first settlement
of the colony, that thev were not so much
j horror-stricken ns might have been ex
! pected. Trustees were appointed to take
charge of Tom's effects. There was
nothing, however, to administer upon.
On searching his coffe-s, all his bonds
and mortgages were found reduced to
cinders. In place of gold and silver, his
iron chest was filled with chips and shav
ings ; two skeletons lay in his stable in
stead of his half-starved horses, and the
very next day his great house took fire
and burned to the ground.
Such was the end of Tom Walker and
his ill-gotten wealth. Let all griping
money-brokers lay the story well to heart.
The truth is not to be doubted. The very
hole under the oak tree, from whence lie
dug Kidd’s money, is to be seen to this
day, and the neighboring swamp and the
old Indian fort is often haunted in stormy
nights by a figure on horseback, ili a
morning gown and white cap, which is
UUUUllCoo lilC llUUWiru aj/iin. wi ---
In fact, his story has resolved itself into a
proverb, and is the origin ol the popular
saying prevalent throughout New Eng
land ol “ the Devil and Tom Walker.”
PILE EMPTION COLONISTS.
The grand overland wilderness at the
head of the Gulf of California will soon
be invaded by a solid army of “ pre-emp
tion colonists.”
Parties of armed Arizona emigrants,
mounted and equipped for a long march
and a settler's homestead in the richest
heart of the silver mountains, are gather
ing in Texas from half a dozen Slates,
north and south.
The main body, tinder General Hen
ningsen, will collect at Galveston,or some
other convenient port in Texas, and take
up the line of march some time in the
blithe month of June. At this season
hunting and pasturage are good, and a
trip across the prairies is but a pleasure
excursion, and when that may be con
cluded with the possession of a farm with,
perhaps, a rich mine upon it, it is not sur
prising that General Henningsen's call
lot associates has been so widely answer
ed.
The pre-emption advantages to actual
settlers is the basis of the whole move
ment. That insures to the hardy adven
turer a sure equivalent for his labors, while
a strong organization, which aids and pro
tects each individual with the whole
strength of the united company, enables
him to penetrate at will to the hitherto in
accessible treasure-caverns of central Ari
zona. They can carry their machinery
where small detached parties would be
swept away in a week by the Indians.
They work for themselves, loo, and not
for distant speculators, and any of them
may light on mineral deposits equal to the
richest in California, which will be Insown
to retain against all comers, even on the
Mexican side of the line. The laws of
Mexico grant a pre-emption right in mines
to the discoverer, even wheu found on pri
vate property, and Henningsen’s pre-emp
tors will be as competent to protect their
own legal rights as they will be careful to
respect those of others.
A pioneer company of ninety mounted
Texans start the 15th of this month to
“ make the trail” for the main force,
which will follow some weeks later.
Judging from the announcements in the
Texas papers, and what we learn here of
the purchase of machinery, tent-carts and
agricultural implements, there will be
from 1,000 to 2.000 ineri on the march
before the middle of June. Many are
going to Galveston and Indianola by twos
and threes, to be on hand and secure their
horses by the middle of May. The move
ment is very popular in Texas, and seems
to be regarded there as the incident of the
coining summer.
That it is at once the best system of
border defense, that these compact bodies
of armed settlers will be a barrier line of
permanent posts to cover over our laud
routes to the Pacific, is self-evident, and
in that aspect the entire West accepts the
“ Arizona Emigration” impulse with warm
and universal favor.— [Washington States.
-■-♦ • ..
Our Naval Heroes.—A Washington
correspondent of the New York Journal
of Commerce, describing the old building
still occupied by the Navy Department in
Washington, says: “ Nearly all our naval
heroes of 1S12 are now gone, having
lowered their flag to the great conqueror,
Death. Shuurick, who, I think, was an
active officer in the glorious old Constitu
tion, has gone to Paraguay to lead the
forces against the freebooter Lopez.
Commodore Skinner has retired to Staun
ton, Virginia, where he enjoys a Hum cum
dignilalr. Commodore Joseph Smith re
mains here in the Department an excel
lent man and an industrious officer. The
portraits of some of the heroes, such as
Hull and Decatur, may he seen on the
wails; also, pictures of some of the most
celebrated engagements of the war ol
1S12. Trophies of victory, in the shape
of British flags, etc., are also in possession
of the Department.”
AUiU.CU.Lii uuaii ljUflailiuil VI
COUNTRY.
A perusal of Mr. John Jays Statisti
cal View of American Agriculture, ait
address recently delivered belore the
American Geographical and Statistical
Society, (which, by the way, forms proba
bly the most satisfactory general compen
dium of American agricultural statistics
that we possess,) gives rather a discoura
ging impression of the progress of our
national agriculture.
In many staple products the quantity
raised lias shown a marked decrease in
1850, (the date of our last census, from
which Mr. Jay has obtained most of the
purely statistical portions of his work.)
I from that raised in preceding years. Un
til the census of 18(50 there can be no
means of obtaining further statistics of the
kind, and unless there has been a marked
improvement during the last seven years,
the condition of our agriculture is not very
promising.
For instance, lake the wheat crop; al
though it nas not decreased in its actual
amount, it has not increased in proportion
to the increase of population. In New
England its culture is rapidly declining,
while in the middle States it is nearly
stationary, and our chief' supplies now
come from the northwestern district. In
New York the crop, in 1810, was over
twelve millions of bushels, while in 1850
it was hut nine millions—a decrease ol
twenty-five pei cent. While our State is
losing its preeminence in the production
of the great cereal staple, Illinois and the
vicinal States almost make up for it, and
Pliipnrrn fn«?t h#»f*.f>mill(T t.hf* ITlOSt eXlCtl
sive granary in the world, already rival
ing Odessa, Dantzig and St. Petersburg.
Referring again to the products ol the
entire country, without alluding to any
particular State, we fi .d that rye, oats,
Irish and sweet potatoes, hay and tobac
co have steadily decreased, while cotton,
rice and wine have increased. Hops
have increased at the rate ol five hundred
per cent, owing to the enormous consump
tion of lager-beer, llice has increased at
the rate of nearly three hundred per cent.
In 1S40, the cotton produced amounted to
eight hundred millions of pounds, in 1850
to nine hundred and eighty millions, in
1S55 to one billion and eighty-eight mil
lions.
But the great staple production of our
country — far surpassing in amount even
our famed wheat, cotton and tobacco—is
Indian corn. Its cultivation has retro
graded in no State, and the crop may he
roughly estimated at four hundred millions
of bushels in 1840, six hundred millions
in 1650, over seven hundred millions in
1855, and fully eight hundred millions in
1850. Few people are probably aware of
the value of our “ Monda-rnin,” although
Professor Mapes has said the failure of
the corn crop for three successive years
would bankrupt the nation. “ Entertain
ment for man and beast” might truly lie
painted on the gate of every cornfield in
the country, for in the West corn is given
largely to cattle and swine—the number
of pigs fattened on it nearly equaling the
number of inhabitants. It is exported to
the West Indies, England and Ireland,
med in sugar factories and distilleries, so
that we owe our beef and pork, the En
glishman owes his sugar and the Irishman
his “ clhrop o’ whisky” to the great
American “ Monda-min.”
This is all very well, so far as it goes,
but the fact remains that in other necessa
ry products we tire retragrading. While
wine and lager-hcer are increasing there
is a decided decrease in the equally im
portant products of wheat and potatoes.
Though this is partially the effect of tits
I'.tteoe iVifir! <j nt n I fi» nrn/lili’t i**Ji*if it l<*
also, in a great measure, owing to the lack
of agricultural laborers. While every
avenue of trade and every mechanical oc
cupation in our large cities is choked up
with competitors, the great agricultural
fields of the West suffer for the want of
cultivation. — [New York Post.
What the Democrats Have Done.
In the matter of admitting new States
! in the Union, as, indeed, in all other mat
ters, the Quincy Herald remarks, the
Democratic party has done all that has
ever been done lor ibis country. Under
the Administration of Washington, the
Democracy admitted three States—two
new slave Slates and one free State—into
the Union. These were Vermont in 1791,
Tennessee in 1796, and Kentucky in
1798. The Democratic Administration
of Thomas Jefferson teceived Ohio into
the Union in 1S02, and purchased Lou
isiana of France in 1S01. The atquisi
tion of Louisiana gave us territory enough
for more States than were in our original
confederacy, and tvha'. was scarcely less
valuable, gave us control of the Mississip
pi river, whose mouth was previously
owned by France and Spain. Undei
James Madison’s Democratic administra
tion, the State of Louisiana was admitted
into the Union in 1812, and Indiana in
1816. During the Presidency of James
Monroe, a Democratic Congress admitted
i Mississippi into the Union in 1817, Illi
nois in 1818, Alabama in 1818, Maine in
1820, Missouri in 1821, and purchased of
Spain the Territory of Florida in 1821.
The Democratic administration of Andrew
! Jackson admitted into tne Union Michi
gan and Arkansas, in 1836. During the
| Presidency of James K. Polk, Texas was
! acquired in 1845, the States of Iowa and
: Florida admitted in 1845, Wisconsin it
i 1846, and the Territories of California
' Utah and New Mexico were purchased
The State of California was admitted in
I 1850. while Fillmore, accidentally, occu
: pted die Presidential Chair, but a Demo
1 cratic Congress did the work of admission,
Pierce, the Territory of Arizona was pur
cl.aseu. And under James Buchanan,
our Chief Executive nl this time, Minne
sota came into the Union in 1S5S, and
Oregon in 18o9.
Mourning.
A French writer gives a neat summary
of the different observances among man
kind, relative to mourning and funeral
ceremonies. All the world, says be, is
acquainted with the magnificence of tl.e
Roman obsequies and funeral games.
The Greeks also burnt the corpses of dis
tinguished men, with funerul feasts, and
the lamentations of hired weepers, though
they generally displayed a less snmptuoue
grief, and a better regulated piety. The
Persians burned the bodies of the dead;
the Scythians ate them; the Indians en
veloped them, for preservation’s sake in a
sort of locker ; the Egyptians embalmed
and dried them, exhibited them on festal
days, jdaced them at the tables among
their guests, guarded them as their most
precious possessions, and loaned and bor
rowed money upon those strange pledges,
in our time, the custom ol dancing at lun
erals is only practiced in India and among
some savage nations; but funeral entet
lainments still prevail in many European
countries. Amongst others, the ceremo
ny of interment is solemn and silent, which
nevertheless does not interfere with the
wish that all may be forgotten as speedily
as possible. We observe more ostenta
tious riles for persons of consequence.
Their carriages following them to the
graves, and sometimes their horse is para
ded, which, having been made to fast,
seems to partake oi me amicnon oi me
occasion The Orientals, from whom we
borrow this custom, went further—they
made horses in funeral processions weep,
by blowing a particular kind of powder in
their nostrils.
In Italy, the mourning was formerly
white for women, and brown for men. In
China it is white; in Turkey, Syria and
Armenia, it is blue; in Egypt, yellow; in
Ethiopia, gray. Each of these colors
had, originally, its mystical signification.
While is the emblem of purity ; celestial
blue indicates the space where the soul
ranges after death ; yellow, or the tinge
of dead leaves, exhibits death ns the end
of all human hopes, and man fulling like
the leaf of autumn ; gray presents the col
or of the earth, our common mother; and
black, the funeral costume now adopted
throughout Europe and America, is an al
lusion to the eternal night.
In England, the sovereign never wears
black; he is clothed in dark purple as
mourning. Till the reign of Charels VII,
white was the funeral garb in France.
The Emperor Leopold, who died in 1705,
used to suffer his beard to grow in disor
der during the whole period of mourning.
In this ho imitated the Jews. The dow
ager-empress never left ofT weeds, and
their apartments were hung with black till
their death.
The Chancellor of France is the only
person who never wears mourning. The
brothers, nephews and cousins of Popes
never wear it. The happiness of having
a Pope in tire family is loo great to allow
them to be affected even by his death.
But the most remarkable of all these
usages is, perhaps, that of the people of
those ancient nations, who dressed them
selves as women when they lost their re
latives, in order, it is said that the ridicule
attached to their vestments might make
them ashamed of their grief.
A Bold asd Shrewd Push for Free
dom.—The Oxford (Miss.) Mercury tells
the following story:
“Saturday niirlit, a man who appeared
to be perfectly while, but who was really
! a negro, appear d at Mrs Butler s hotel and
! applied for lodgings for himself and servant
I —a very black negro man. He repie
j sented himself a traveler going North, and
i after eating supper with the regular guests,
I requested before retiring to be called up in
lime to leave on the six o’clock train next
morning, which was accordingly done.
The black darkey was placed in the negro
[ car, while the white one quietly sealed
j himself among the white folks in the pas
; senger car. Shortly alter the train was in
i motion, a negro train hand passed through
, the mgro car, and recognized our black
I passenger seated therein as an old friend,
j • Hello! Sam’ said the hand,1 where you
gwine?’ ‘ 1'se gwino Norf; I belong to a
! gemman in de oder car.' ‘Don’t believe
| yon is; you runmn’ off, Sain.’ Sam flat
i ly denied this, but the other was still in
' doubt.
| “He personated what had passed to the
conductor, who particularly noticed the
| gentleman in the ‘oder car,’and came to
| the conclusion that he was either an aboli
i lion emissary, or something else that was
I not right. When the train reached the
i junction he had them both arrested, and
brought back on the return train, and placed
| in the Holly Springs jail. The white dar
| key belongs to W. II. Steen, a planter ol
i this county, living near Water Valley; and
the black one to John B. Steel, a planter,
, near Banner, in this county. They went
up to Holly Springs on Tuesday, and
brought the runaways home. It was the
intention of the white negro, by passing
; himself off as a white man. to conduct him
self and the other negro to a free State, but
I his plans were frustrated as above slated.”
--
-Walter Scott was very particular about
his books. He would always endeavor to have
| the best copy of an edition, and when he re
ceived an inferior copy, he would make somr
marginal notes here and there, and, on ac
count of the dssire to be possessed of a speci
men of his handwriting, he would soon get a
I better book in exchange.
anil overflowed lands and I lie crns< ruc
tion of levees for their reclamation.
Whereas, The whole amount of money
paid into the treasury from Ihe sale of swamp
and overflowed lands in Ihe Helena district,
for the last two years, is only $r'6,287, and in
all the other districts only $4/>01, while the
contracts for making levees and drains un
dertaken within the same period, amount in
the Helena district to several hundred thou
sand dollars, and in the other districts to a
large sum all of which must, aceordingto the
existing levee law. he paid out of the proceeds
of swamp lam! sales before any payment can
be made upon contracts hereafter undertaken,
by reason w hereof it has become or soon Will
be impi acticob'e in tire Helena distr ict ai d
difficult in all the other districts to let out le
vee contracts even at high prices, ar.d it is
probable that the sale of swamplands for cash
will be still lower, as the prospect of tlietr re- y
elpmation becomes rnore distant and uncertain;
and whereas, the Inhabitants of the swamp
counties are from these causes in danger of
long remaining exposed to a recurrence of all
ihe calamities which they have so lately suf
fered from the overflowing of the Mississippi
river. For remedy of all which bv hastening
the sale of said lands and providing for the
speedy payment of levee contracts—
§ 1. Be it enacted by the General Assemb’v '*
of the State of Arkansas, That whoever shall
hereafter contract and undertake to do any le
vee work let out under the direction of the
Governor.shall upon the full completion (here
of, according to contract, be pair) therefor,
either in money or swamp or over flowed land,
and upon ihe Governor’s certificate or order
of payment being filed in the auditor’s office
and numbered according to the last levee law,
jitshall he the duty of Ihe auditor to issue to
such contractor a warrant for the amount in
said certificate or order specified, upon the
treasury, if there be money therein applicable,
aceordingto the last levee law to the pay ment
thereof, but if there be not money enough
there [in] the treasury application” to [the]
payment thereof, the auditor shall draw a
warrant for the sum due to such contractor
upon Ihe swamp land agent of the district in
which such levee work shall have been done,
anct tne last sum warrant snail tie received ror
! the amount therein mentioned, as cash in pay
I inent for any $wamp lands, which such con
tractor may buy from the State, and which
j are situated in said district, ut the price here
tofore fixed thereon, after the same has been
offered for sale at public auction ur.d not sold
I thereat, or in payment for any land withiu
said district, which such contractor may buy
as th > highest bidder therefor when the same
Is offered at public sale by said land agent.
§ 2. Be it furthor enacted, That every con
tractor who has heretofore contracted or un
dertaken to make any levee or drain laid off
and let to contract, under tile direction of the
Governor, and who has or shall have comple
ted the same according to contract, and who
shall not have received payment theiefor, be
and he is hereby privileged and entitled at his
election to be paid for the construction ®f
suiil levee or drain in swamp and overflowed
lands at the price of one dollar per acre in
lieu of being paid therefor in specie according
to the terms of his contract and the provisions
of the levee law now ill force, and upon any
such contractor electing to be paid under the
provisions of this act, it shall be the duty of
the auditor at any time after the Governor’s
certificate or order of payment shall have been
filed in the auditor’s office and numbeied us re
quired by the law now in force at the icquest
of such contractor, and upon his returning the
auditor’s certificate to the auditor, if he has
obtained any. to issue a warrant in favor of
such contractor for the sum due to biui upon
the swamp land agent of thedistiict in which
the levee or drain made by him is situated, and
said swamp land agent shall receive the same
when presented us payment to thefull amount
of the sum therein specified for any land
which said contractor may purchase fiom the
State, at one dollar per acre lying in said dis
trict, and being subject to be entered or pur
chased by private entry', and having been pre
viously offered at public sale as piovided by
law.
§ 3. Be it further enacted, That this act
shall not be so construed as to authorize the
letting out of more contracts in any district
than there will be confirmed swamp a ml ovei
tloWcd land to pay for the same, after paying
all previous contracts in said district.
§ 4. lie it further enacted. That the Gov
ernor be, and he is hereby empowered lo
make settlements with all contractors who
have entered into contracts or shall hereafter ■
enter into contracts for making any' levee or
uiaiii ici uub uiiuri uia uiitjuiun upun t’ljm*
table principles, ami it is recommended that
the Governor let out contracts in small quan
tities, arid to be done in as short time as shall
be consistent with the judicious prosecution
of the work.
§ 5. Bo it fuithcr enacted, That this act be
in force from and after its passage.
Approved 21st Feb., lSob.
MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS.
i — Our best friends are those who tell us
i of our faults.
- A young lady being told that her 'over
was suddenly killed, exclaimed “Oh, that
splendid gold watch of his!—give mo that—
give me something to remember him by !”
-An Irish gentleman lately fought a
duel with his intimate friend, because he jo
cosely asserted that he was born without a
shirt to his back.
-Not what men do worthily, but that
which they do successfully, is what history
makes haste to record.
-Whenever you see a lady and gentle
man alone in a cub, each looking out of a
different wnidow, be convinced that they are
perfectly harmless, for they have been mar
ried some months at least.
-In Italy, a lover at a ball places two
lingers on his mouth, w hich signifies to a lady,
“You are very handsome, and I wish to speak
to you.” If she touches her cheek with her
fan and lets it gently drop, that signifies “I
consent;” but if she turns her head, it is a de
niul. At a ball in Paris, to take a ladyout to
■ dance with her is only indifference; to place
yourself near her is interest; but to follow- her
with your eyes in the dance is love.
-The Itev. Thomas Whittmore recently
heard an eminent northern divine preach in
the morning from the text: “Ye arc children
of the Devil.” In the afternoon the theme
i was improved upon by a homily upon the pas
age. “Children obey your parents.”
- The 'Know-Nothing party pledged
themselves to elect the best men to office.
They seem to have very few of the best class;
for they can’t find anybody fit for office except
the men who feel it an honor to be beat by a
Democrat.
- A fool in high station is like a man on
top of a monument—every body appears email
to him, and he appears ima.ll to avaiy body.