f the Kind of Weather Our
Soldiers Enioy In France
Associated Press Dispatch.
Washington, March 11.—American
soldiers on the battle fronts in
France will probably escape our
American torrid hot spells of sum
mer and our blizzaidy winters, ex
tremes of heat and cold in France
being less severe. They may expect
however, periods of sustained cold in
the trenches, cold of the moist, pene
trating character peculiar to the con
tinental climate of northern Europe,
but in general no startling change
from weather conditions at home.
j An exhaustive study of the sub
& ject by Preston C. Day, chief of the
" climatological division of the Weath
er Bureau, shows that winter in
Northern France is not so severe
from the standpoint of low tempera
tures, but there is a constancy of
moderately cold weather which is not
usually experienced in the United
States. Rather low temperatures
sometimes occur there, but such ex
tremity of cold weather as has been
experienced this winter, in the Unit
ed States, is unknown. The coldest
weather of record in Northern France
langes from zero, Fahrenheit, to 10
degrees below.
Summer in Northern France is
cool, as compared with most of the
United States, the average temper
ature for July and August, the warm
est months, being 63 to 65 degrees,
even lower than along our northern
bordier. Moderately hot weather
sometimes occurs, but extremely high
temperatures, such as occasionally
are experienced in much of the United
States, are unknown in France. Tem
perature as high as 100 never has
~ been reported in France, while in the
• United States 100 to 110 degrees have
w occurred generally.
With the transition from winter to
spring the rapid warming up, famil
iar to residents in most sections of the
United States, is not so noticeable in
France, the average temperature for
March being only 2 to 4 degrees
higher than for February. April
and May are moderately cool and not
unpleasant, the length of the day in
creases much more rapidly than in
most sections of the United States,
and there is a correspondingly large
increase in the amount of sunshine,
while rainfall is comparatively light,
although occurring rather frequently.
The summers are pleasant as com
pared with much of the United
States, the day temperatures being
mostly moderate and the nights cool.
Occasionally hot weather is experi
enced, but the heat is not so exces
sive and the heated periods are usu
ally of short duration.
Fall also is usually pleasant, es
pecially in September and October.
The rainfall usually becomes heavier,
however.
The battlefront/5 of France lie in a
latitude north of the United States.
Paris is farther north than any
point in the United States, being 500
miles nearer the North Pole than
Chicago. Along the northern coasts
of France temperatures are very
similar to those of our northern Pa
cific coast, the monthly average at
Lunkirk, France, and Seattle, Wash
ington, being identical for nearly half
the months of the year and differing
only slightly for other months.
Not considering the higher moun
tains, rainfall in the eastern half of
the United States, especially jn the
south, is much greater than in France.
Compared with Paris, the average
rainfall at Chicago is one and one
half times as large; at New York,
more than twice as large and at New
Orleans, nearly three times as large.
Over the lowlands of Northern
_____
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France snow is fairly frequent and
may be expected from November to
April, inclusive, although it rarely
attains any considerable depth on the
ground. At the higher elevations of
eastern and southern France, partic
ularly in the mountains bordering on
Germany where the winters are long
and cold, snowfall is more frequent
and much heavier.
GERMAN NEWSPAPERS
COMMENT ON VOTING
SYSTEM IN PRUSSIA.
New York, March 11.—Comments
in German newspapers recently re
ceived here, show that they had vig
orously disapproved of the system of
plural voting in Prussia, which sub
sequently was accepted by the fran
chise committee of the lower house
of the Prussian Diet and incorporat
ed in the bill for submission to the
Prussian parliament. The German
editors had declared, before the fran
chise committee thus gave its approv
al of the plural voting system, that
this would not fulfill the intent of the
manifesto issued last July by Empe
ror William, as King of Prussia, in
which he announced that a bill would
be introduced in the Diet providing
for universal and equal suffrage.
The plural system as approved by
the franchise committee Classifies
the voters according to certain trades
and professions, allotting a specified
number of votes to each class.
The Berliner Tageblatt of January
15 in on orl if nri o 1 nonf innnH
toral Reform in Danger” said: “The
deliberations of the committee re
garding the three reform bills are
taking a course such as had not been
expected bj even the most obstinate
pessimists. The reactionary parties
with the National Liberals leading,
as is clearly shown, aims to postpone
indefinitely the entire franchise re
form.
“But these parties will soon have
to recognize that the people will not
stand for such attempts to frustrate
a solemnly given promise.”
The Vorwaerts of January 13, said
in connection with the committee de
liberations on the franchise reform
bill, that the proceedings in that
committee must be considered by the
working classes as mockery.
“For decades, the paper stated, the
Prussian people have been forced to
endure the same of the three class
and also since the beginning of the
war they have fought untiringly for
a free franchise. And not without
success. The government is bound
by this promise. And at this stage
the enemies of the franchise resort
to means which clearly show that
not the viewpoint of right but only
that of might concerns them.”
A few days later the Vorwaerts as
serted editorially that the battle of
the opponents of the franchise reform
had entered a phase “which must
turn the exasperation prevailing in
the widest circles of the people into
indignation.” It was obvious, the
editor wrote, that the Conservatives
supported directly and indirectly by
the National Liberals had begun a
systematic campaign to withhold
fiom the people their right and to
defeat the equal franchise promised
them in the most solemn manner.
“How long” asked the Vorwaerts,
“do the gentlemen believe that the
Prussian people will put put up with
such methods?”
A Polish deputy, replying to va
rious remarks regarding Prussia’s
policy concerning the Poles, said the
Prussian regime as heretofore con
ducted was deeply hateful to the
Poles, for it was the type of the
“most repulsive form of domination
a people ever had to bear.” The war,
he said, would give the Polish people
equality of rights. They would then
no longer be subject to the “naus
eous Prussian regime.”
The chairman, Leputy Hausman,
requested the speaker to moderate
his form of expression, but the Pol
ish deputy added that the peoples
would come to their senses and that
the war would be a common game
for national chauvinism.
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ITALY IS MAKING
SLACKERS FIGHT
Minister of Treasury Routs Out
148 Officers and Sends
Them to Front.
SEARCH IS ON FOR OTHERS
Great Disaster to Cadorna’s Army Maj
Be Blessing in Disguise—Volun
teers in Minority—Deserters
Are Shot.
By PHILIP R. MACKENZIE.
Rome.—On tlie eve of the greut war,
while General Cadorna was hard at
work creating the Italian army des
tined to unite Trent and Trieste wit!
the kingdom 118 officers of all ranks
from colonels to sub-lieutenants, wer«
given special work. This work con
sisted in finding out how much monej
was wasted during the Tripoli war.
A corridor in the ministry of the
treasury accordingly was set apart for
these officers, who during the last threr
years have been auditing accounts and
taking their time in doing it, while
their comrades fought the Austrians
and were wounded or killed in action
There is every reason to believe that
the great task of auditing the accounts
of the Tripoli war would have been
prolonged indefinitely, but the new
minister of the treasury, Signor Nitti,
discovered the 148 officers hidden in
the corridor.
rioyai uccree is issucu.
Signor Nitti was disgusted at the
sight of so many professional offlceis
calmly working on the four simple
rules of arithmetic, and in 24 hours
he had the case brought before a cab
inet council and a royal decree was is
sued postponing the work of the 14S
officers, who were ordered without de
lay to the front.
No figures are available as to the
number of men physically fit yet ex
empted from active military service,
Cases of so-called “iraboscamento,”
meaning literally “hiding in bushes”
to evade military service, have been
frequent in Italy.
The socialists, who oppose the wai
and whose peace propaganda contrib
uted toward the recent military disas
ter, repeatedly told the masses that in
Italy the war was being fought by the
peasants. The rich people do not fight,
said the socialists, as when one has
money he can easily “hide in the
bush.”
The sons of well-to-do tradesmen and
farmers as a rule, are drivers of motor
lorries and ambulances, and those of
upper middle classes and nobility, who
should be officers, often prefer to drive
staff officers’ automobiles unless they
succeed in getting clerical work in of
fices away from the front.
It is true that many young men vol
unteered for active service as officers
in infantry regiments and sacrificed
their lives for their country, but they
were a minority.
It must be admitted that up to the
present the mistaken impression pre
vailed that the hardest share of fight
ing was borne by the peasant'and la
boring classes, who suffered most of
all from the war. This impression in
creased to such an extent that a great
proportion of the men who returned on
short leave from the front felt discour
aged and dissatisfied when they real
ized that every city and town in the
country was crowded with young men
who eviuled military service or who
even if called to the colors succeeded
in remaining away from the front and
saw no actual fighting.
Some Deserters Are Snot.
As a result, besides those men who
returned to fight when their short leave
expired, others felt justified in desert
ing. Some of the latter were arrested,
court-martialed and shot, and their
| comrades were not impressed with
| such exemplary punishments, which,
: instead of serving as a warning, had
I (he opposite effect of exciting pity and
| provoking dangerous comparisons be
, tween the fate of those who evaded
; military service and that of others who
| had done their bit and yet paid with
their lives for a moment of weakness.
There were, no doubt, other concoml
! tant causes that contributed to weaken
i resistance on the Italian front when
! the well planned Austro-German offen
! sire was timely initiated. Thanks to
! their superior Intelligence services at
: the front and their espionage system in
this country the Austro-Germans knew
where and when to attack with suc
cors. They resorted to propaganda
among the Italian troops holding posi
tions where no fighting had been going
on for a long time.
It is known now that after the riots
' at Turin most of the munition workers
who were socialists had been sent tc
the front and attached to the units
holding these positions. It was among
these men that the enemy propaganda
was successful, and the deficient resist
ance, due to weakness or treachery,
that rendered the invasion of Italy pos
sible originated at a point which eould
be easily defended by a hundful ol
men, as It was naturally strong and
formidably fortified because It afforded
tlie shortest way for invasion. Un
fortunately the men who held this
point gave way.
Boy Walks Mile In “Nightie.”
Monana, Iowa.—Evprett Newcomb,
an eleven-yeAr-oM faYm boy, walked
barefoot In his night gown from hia
home to, town, one mUe,(uleepfcjtaj
was {tone tbe worse tor this expenuSl
w^eo awakened. t r\nrr
™^==!5=a^'ST!cI!HHH!=HHasH
At the direction of the Jackson
county court notice is hereby given
that there has been filed in said court
the petition of T. J. Gregg, C. R. Hite,
C. G. Henry, R. B. Hooker and N. B.
Wishon, as Directors of Newport Le
vee District, representing that the
improvements contemplated by said
Newport Levee District will be of
material benefit to the real property
located within the following bounda
ries, to-wit:
Beginning at the intersection of the
left bank of White River with a line
parallel to and 200 feet distant,
measured in a Northerly direction at
right angles, from the South line of
Section 2, Township 11 North, Range
3 West, at a point on the boundary of
the Newport Levee District, said
boundary being described and set
forth in Section 1 of Act No. 249 of i
the General Assembly of the State
of Arkansas for the year 1917.
Thence Northerly, along the left
bank of said White River, to an in
tersection with a line parallel to anu
1,000 feet distant, measured at right
angles in a Northwesterly direction,
from the center line of the North
bound main line track of the Missouri,
Pacific Railway, formerly the St.
Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern
Railway.
Thence Northeasterly, along a line
parallel to and 1,000 feet distant,
measured at right angles in. a North
westerly direction, from the center
line of said Northbound main line
track of the said Missouri Pacific
Railway, formerly the St. Louis, Iron
Mountain & Southern Railway, to an
intersection with a line 1,320 feet j
West of the North and South Quartet
Section line of Section 2, Township!
11, North, Range 3 West.
Thence North, along a line 1,320
feet West of the North and South j
Quarter Section line of said Section 2,
to a point on the East and West Quar
ter Section line of said Section 2,
1,320 feet West of the Center of said
Section 2.
Thence East, along the East and
West Quarter Section line of said
Section ,2 to an intersection with a
line parallel to and 500 feet distant,
measured at right angles in a West
erly direction, from the center line of
the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific
Railway track.
Thence Northerly, along a line par-'
allel to and 500 feet distant, measured
at right angles in a Westerly direc
tion, from the center line of said
Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific
I
!
I
1
1 I
pear in uie dacKson v^ronty v^oun wn
the 28th day of March, 1918, and show
cause why said petition should net
be granted and the boundaries of said
Newport Levee District should not he
extended as prayed for therein.
Given urtder my hand, as Clerk of
the Jackson County Court, and at the
direction of said Court, on this the
23rd day of February, 1918.
J. F. PARISH,
273 dl2t. County Clerk.
To place an advertisement in the
Independent is to carry your message
to the attention of the wise house
wife who needs your wares and de
pends upon the Independent to keep
her posted.
♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦
4 H. S. SIMMONS
4 Public Surveyor
4 Office with Geo. M.
4 Sink. Will answer calls
4 anywhere in Jackson
4 and surrounding coun
4 ties.
4 TELEPHONE 199.
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