r
THESE CAYS
By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY
The Position of Japan
No phase of the MacArthur coiy
troversy ' is more important than
the future of Japan. Conquered by
the United States, in a phase of
World War II in which no other
country played an important role,
Japan could have been devastated.
Instead, Douglas MacArthur
brought to Japan ample evidence
that the United States can end
a fight with a handshake and even
help the enemy to a reconstructed
life.
Thus. MacArthur as our pro
consul created a new Japan. What
ever its role is to be, its foundation
is the friendship and support of
the United States. The Japanese
cannot defend themselves. They
have not the economic means to
sustain themselves. Left alone, they
must fall a prey to Soviet Russia.
Their dependence upon the Uni
ted States has been symbolized by
the personality of General Doug
las MacArthur. Despite the almost
universal cliche that human nature
is the same everywhere, ‘it is more
correct to say that different human
beings do not respond in the same
manner to identical challenges.
The Japanese have been condi
tioned by their history to accept
the leadership of one individual,
whether he be Mikado or Shogun.
In a word, they approach the man
God concept of leadership.
MacArthur’s personality at.d his
moralistic conduct in Japan fitted
this Japanese concept. Therefore,
his success in Japan depended as
much upon his personality as upon
his authority. He became the father
of the Japanese people and they
expected from him not only guid
ance but protection.
MacArthur’s attitude toward
Russia coincided with the Japanese
attitude. For the Japanese have
for nearly 100 years feared and ha
ted the Russians. Before Japan was
opened to the world by Commo
dore Perry (in 1853), Russia made
several attempts to settle on Jap
an but failed. After Perry, ex
traterritoriality and a conventional
tariff were established over Japan
and foreign troops were stationed
in that country, the Russians es
tablishing a garrison in Nagas
aki. the evils of which were re
membered even in my time in that
country.
After the Metji Revolution <1868)
the Japanese sent delegations to
America and to several European
countries to learn the processes of
modernization, but they did not
send a delegation to Russia,
In 1882, Korea was opened to
western ttfade, with China, Japan
and Russia vying for control of
that country. This struggle event
uated in the Sino-Japanese war
<1894-95) in which Japan was vic
torious, the Japanese by the treaty
of Shimonoseki gaining the Pes
cadores, Formosa, and the Liao
tung Peninsula <Dairen- and Port
Arthur) in Manchuria.
However, Russia, France, and
Germany forced Japan to fcregc
her Manchurian gains and to ac
cept a money indemnity insteic!
<1896). The same year, Russia and
China signed the Li-Lobanot
treaty by which Russia gained tide
right to build the Chinese Eastern
Railroad, thus controlling the vtrj
area that Japan had won In tva.
and lost Ly diplomacy.
And throughout this period, Rus
sia was penetrating into Korea ant*
establishing herself as the consum
er of Manchuria. This led to the
Russo-Japanese War <1904-5) in
which Japan was victorious. Bj
the treaty of Portsmouth, Russia
recognized Japan’s paramount in
terest in Korea, transferred to
Japan the southern part of the
Chinese Eastern Railroad thence
forth called the South Manchurian
Railway). Japan was also giver.
the ^iaotung Peninsula in Man
churia and half of Sakhalin.
Although Japan and Russia
signed a number of secret treaties
by which they divided Manchuria
and Mongolia between them, there
was no real Russian-Japanese
friendship. In fact. In 1917, when
the Russian Revolution occurred,
the Japanese sought to take areas
in Siberia as far as Lake Baikal.
This was countermanded by thej
allies, principally the United States)
who sent expeditionary foroes to j
Siberia to hold the trans-Siberia
railroad as trustees for Russia.
Much that is false has been
written about this Siberian expe
dition. I was tljere and know the
facts first hand.
It must be obvious from this re
view of the historical facts that
a great fear of Russia has long
existed in Japan and Is even
stronger now. The Japanese in the
1920's and 1930’s justified their re
version to militarism on the
mm§tijJ I
1 * - ** I
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grounds that they had to be pre
pared to withstand conquest by
Russia.
The elimination of I^acArth^r
from Japan restores t^iis fear.
Should they feel themselves aban-.
doned, they may be forced to turn
to Russia to avoid being conquered,
9:1 the assumption that a satellite
might have an easier time than
a conquered country. It is, for them
a frightful dilemma.
ANNUAL MEETING •.
ACCA IS THURSDAY
The annual meeting of the Ju
leau-Douglas chapter of the Alas
ka Crippled Childrens Association
will be held Thursday, April 19, at
1 p.m. in the Council Chambers of
he City Hall.
This meeting is regularly sched
iled each year for the month of
anuary but has been delayed due
o the absence of the president j
from the city for .medical atten
tion. "
The meeting Is open to anyone
tyho is interested in the Crippled
Children’s program and a special
.nvltation is extended to all organi
sations in this area to send repre
sentatives.
The annual report of the activ
ties of the Juneau Chapter will be
jven. At this meeting there will
ilso be election of five trustees
0 serve three-year terms.
•'f - 1 t" r i 1' 'i t
MOOSE WOMEN TO
MEET, INITIATE
Women of the Moose will held
1 regular meeting arjd initiation
Ut 8 o’clock tomorrow night in tha
Moose lodge rooms. Lillian Fen
nell, chairman of the homero ailing
committee will be in charge of the
program. Serving on the refresh
ment committee are Goodwin Ol
son, Mary Albright, Eva Clark, Lor
raine Mix, Lydia Vernon and Mol
ly Hibler.
„ - ■ ’ - it . . | -
SE ALASKA IS FEATURED
IN APRIL ISSUE, SUNSET
Southeast Alaska as a vacation
land is featured in the current is
sue of Sunset magazine, complete
with map, pictures and text to put
“feo-by-by" in any reader’s feet.
The article gives much infor
mation compacted into a readable
package and tells what to see
where, how long and at how much.
Among the illustrations are pic
tures of Juneau, Taku Glacier,
Hole-in-the-Wall Glacier, and one
of. the O. F. Benecke home here.
Taku Lodge is mentioned prom
inently and enticingly. Even before
the issue appeared on the news
stands. Royal and Eleanor O’Reill;;
owners of the lodge, reported that
prospects for the coming tourist
season are much better than last
year. They will leave the Pamaray
Club here where they are current
entertainers, and will go to the
lodge about May 1 to get ready
for the coming season.
FVi —
FWSINVITEB05 i
oKcoNsnucnoN
KOTZEBUE BUILDING
The Fish an\ Wildlife Service to- j
day was issuiiV an invitation to I
bid on construction of a bunding
in Kotzebue, according to Milt
Furness, administrative officer.
The structure will be a combin
ation headquarters and residential
building, housing, offices of the
I agepey and containing two apart,
vrents. Bids will be opened. May 4,
st 2 p.m., at the Juneau office.
Construction will be started at a
designated time after the contract
is awarded
Anyone interested in submitting
a bid, can contact Furness at the
loca1 office of the Fish and Wild
life
—EMPIRE WANT ADS PAY—
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'-in • *
Thirty-seventh in a Series
NO HENRY
Sir Robert Bruce Atwood, the
jallant Knight of Knik Arm, has
hefted his bluntest lance and gone
:orth to mow down certain editors,
;orrespondents and other ignorami
who have referred to Dr. Ernest
Henry Gruenlng as Dr. Ernest
Henry Gruening.
Says Editor Atwood in his weekly
paper, The 49th Star: “The full
and proper name of the Governor
of Alaska is Ernest Gruening.
There is no ‘Henry’ in his name,
10 ‘H’, and no middle initial of
iny kind.”
I am one of the writers who has
referred to the Governor of Alaska
as Dr. Ernest Henry Gruening. I
cannot certainly say that his mid
dle name is Henry, any more than
£ can certainly say that Robert At
wood’s name is Bruce. I can report
;hat I have seen these gentlemen
listed with these respective middle
aames in what are generally regar
ded as standard biographical refer
jnce works.
In a search for facts it is con
sidered good practice to go back
,o the earliest possible sources.
\nd anyone who cares to thumb
through "Who’s Who in America”
for a few years ago will find Us
ed an Ernest Henry Gruening.
Comparison of . the information
contained therein with that of
current editions of the same work
will show beyond a reasonable
doubt that this was the same per
son who is now Governor of Alaska
although in the current editions
he is listed merely as Ernest Grue
ling.
It is of interest to O0te, too, that
in at least one of the early edi
cions Ernest Henry Gruening was
isted as a Republican.
It is generally understood that
.he biographical material in “Whais
Who in America” la written by the
subjects themselves, and that to
;uard against errors, the subjects
ire furnished proofs for checking
after the matter has been set in
type.
There can, of course, be errors in
any printed matter, biographical
reference works included. I am
sure, in fact, that errors do creep
in. A certain "Who’s Who in Al
aska,” for example lists Robert
Bruce Atwood as a Republican.
But to get back to the Gover
nor’s name: Editor William I*.
Baker pf the Ketchikan Chronicle
reported in bis .editorial columns'
a couple of months ago that the
Governor does have a middle in
itial.
Baker said be saw the initials
"E. H. G.” embroidered on some of
the Governor’s handkerchiefs. I
cannot affirm this and I pass it
along only for what it is worth.
For that particular job of snooping.
Editor Baker is, or was, in a bet
ter position than I am.
In this whole matter, however,
I do not know exactly what all
the fuss is about. I am not aware
that calling a man “Henry,"
whether or not that is his name,
is libelous, defamatory or even de
rogatory.
As a matter of fact, Editor At
wood says that these "detractors”
who speak of the Governor as Dr.
Ernest Henry Gruening are actu
ally building him into a bigger man
than he really is.
Speaking for myself, I can say
that such was not my intention.
Quite frankly, my efforts have been
in another direction. But I am not
entirely convinced that giving a
man a longer name builds him into
a bigger man.
Still, if inserting “Henry” be
tween "Ernest" and “Gruening”
does build the Governor into a
bigger man, I fail to see why this
should be causing Sir Robert such
an acute pygalgia.
STATEHOOD QUOTES
The recently published report of
the Alaska Statehood Committee
is sprinkled with quotations regard
ing statehood, most of them taken
from last year’s Senate hearing on
the subject.
Here are a few quotes, from the
same source, that were overlooked
by the Statehood Committe.
Senator Herbert Lehman, former
governor of New York:
“l do not think there is any
doubt that Alaska, from a defense
standpoint, is a vital spot. I think
the only question is whether you
can get that defense any more
surely as a State than you can
as a Territory.
“I believe that the 'Congress and
the people of the country are go
ing to follow the Judgment of the
experts in military defense rather
than any representation that might
fee made by a Senator or Congress
man.
"You know how I feel about
statehood for Alaska, but I think
you have not made a case with
regard to the fact that Alaska can
be defended any better or any less
well because of political represent
ation on the floor of the Senate.”
Rear Admiral Ralph Wood, re
tired, former Commandant, 17th
Naval District (comprising all of
Alaska):
“I think all military strategists
concede the importance of the Al
askan position. It has been stated
that statehood for Alaska is now
going to bolster somehow the na
tional defense.
“In my opinion, it makes no dif
ference whether Alaska is a State
or a Territory as far as national
defense is concerned. As a matter
of fact, since the federation of the
original Thirteen Colonies the
common defense has been just that.
“Were Alaska to become a State
tomorrow, it would not alter, I am
sure, the general over-all consid
eration of our defense problems.”
GEO. SURVEY TOPO.
WORK OUTLINED FOR
'51 SUMMER SEASON
During the coming summer, the
topographic division of the U, S.
Geological Survey plans to do field
work for the topographic mapping
3f approximately 5200 square miles
in southeast Alaska, The mapping
is to be completed in all of Bar
ancf island, the unmapped portion
of Chichagof Island and 1300 square
miles in the Taku area.
The Chichagof Island area will
be mapped by a seven man party
lead by Arthur Gervais, Jr. and
the Baranof Island area by a sim-i
ilar party lead by Kenneth Mc
Lean. The six man party for tire j
Taku area will be lead by John i
V Liles, Jr. All topographic work;
will be supervised by R. E. Isto,
project Engineer of the Geological
Ssurvey Denver office. Gervais, Mc
Lean and Lyles’ have worked in
southeast Alaska in previous years
and Isto Iras spent two seasons in
the Anchorage-Falrbanks area.
The parties working on Chicha
goff and Baranof Islands will use
two large boats, the 50 foot Triton
contracted from < Lester McCarty
and the 52 foot Verma contracted
from Fred Holtiner. Both boats
are from Petersburg and are to
arrive in Juneau on April 25 to
pick up the parties and equipment.
These two parties will also be
assisted by two Bell helicopters
contracted from Allied Helicopter
Services of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The
helicopters are to arrive hi Juneau
on May 7.
Isto and Robert Foley recently
arrived in Juneau to do prelimin
ary work including the locating of
samp sites and preparing equip
ment for the summer’s work. The
majority of the Chichagof and
Baranof Islands parties are sched
uled to arrive April 24 and the
Taku River party is to arrive May
1.
It is anticipated that the island
work will be completed sometime
in July at which time those parties
will be moved to the Valdez area.
The topographic division has a
similar mapping program in cent
ral Alaska. This work is in the
Denali and Tonsina areas.
TONER RETURNS
FROM SURVEY OF
HAINES PROJECTS
Felix Toner, engineer, has re
turned from a trip to Haines where
he made a survey for rehabilita
tion of the Haines airport. Rebuild
ing of the airport is a Territorial
project handled by the Territor
ial Department of Aviation. George
S. Schwamm. director, and is being
carried out under the federal aid
program administered by the Civil
Aeronautics Authority.
Toner also did survey work on
the $269,000 water and sewer pro
ject being carried forward in
Haines under the Public Works
program, through the office of
John Argetsinger, district engin
eer for Alaska.
NEW NURSE ARRIVES
Miss Eugenia C. Wassell of Bal
timore, Md. arrived here on the
Denali. She is to be the new pub
lic health nurse with the Alaska
Health Department at Anchorage
and will be here until April 25 for
orientation. She has recently com
pleted special- public health studies
at the University of Michigan.
AUDITING MAY BE
FINISHED IN MID-MAY
Auditing of accounts of all Terri
torial departments, which is being
carried on by the Arthur Anderson
and Company of Seattle, will prob
ably be completed by mid-May,
Territorial Auditor Neil Moore
said today.
This is the regular every two
year audit required by Territorial
law.
BOY SCOUT FIELD
EXECUTIVE ON TRIP
Ken Ubbelohde, Boy Scout field
executive left yesterday for Peli
can to meet with the leaders and
members of the new Boy Scout
troop sponsored by Pelican Pro>
iressive Club. This evening special
investiture oeremonies will be held
for the scouts in the new troop.
Ubbelohde travels to Mt. Edge
cumbe on Thursday for a regular
service field trip. Scheduled that
evening is a training session for
all cub leaders, pack committee
men and den mothers. He returns
eariy next week.
—EMPIRE WANT ADS PAY—
FORESTER EXPLAINS
SITUATION ON LOGS
EXPORT TO KIWANIS
“Pressure has been brought to
permit export of Alaska logs to
the Puget Sound area and to Brit
ish Columbia," Alva Blackerby, of
the U. S. Forest Service, told mem
bers of the Juneau Kiwanis Club
at a regular luncheon meeting at
the Baranof Hotel this noon.
Blackerby stated that the Forest
Service policy for Alaska was the
same as for forests in other areas
—that of primary use of forest re
sources in local communities. That
policy has been followed in Alaska
except in emergencies such as dur
ing the last war when Sitka spruce
was needed for aircraft and when
the Juneau mill burned here in
1949 and loggers had equipment
and committments to furnish logs.
‘The current pressure to permit
export is being brought by Puget
Sound mills, and a U. S. company
which is building a pulp mill in
Prince Rupert in addition to a few
local loggers, Blackerby said.
While a relaxed policy might
benefit local loggers temporarily,
it would be to their disadvantage
in the long, run. If export of logs
is not permitted, the chances of
getting several pulp mills in South
east Alaska are increased. These,
together with plywood plants and
sawmills would more fully utilize
the resource, make for year-around
operation, double the population
and wise cutting would improve the
timber stands in 80 years, Black
erby said.
'I he Territorial legislature, Cham
bers of Commerce, and many Al
aska organizations have backed
the Forest Service policy.
In response to questions the for
ester said that problems faced by
companies wishing to put pulp
mills in Alaska were: (1) heavy
initial cost of installation; (2)
shipping problems: < 3 > and the tax
situation. He mentioned the advan
tages of a car ferry from Alaska
to Prince Rupert where cars could
go directly to eastern U. S. mar
kets with the Alaska-made pro
ducts.
When asked about improvement
in roads in the forest areas, Black
erby stated that $3,500,000 special
appropriation for this purpose had
already been approved by a house
committee. Another similar amount
is being asked for improvement
and building of roads to mill sites
near Ketchikan, Sitka and Juneau.
No extension of roads is planned
for Juneau, he said, but improve
ment and surfacing of existing
roads is needed.
Lt. Norman Steinig reminded
members that no regular meeting
would be held next Wednesday in
lieu of the Ladies Night dinner and
program set for the evening at
7:30 in the Gold Room of the Bar
anof Hotel.
MORE TALKS
SCHEDULED,
MacARTHUR
(Continued from Page One)
him on the Washington Monument
grounds.
Later the Defense Department an
nounced that Secretary Marshall
and all the top military command
would be at the airport to greet
MacArthur. There will also be a
delegation from Congress, a repre
sentative from the State Depart
ment, and the District of Columbia
commissioners.
ELKS COMMITTEES
BE NAMED TONIGHT
Le Roy West, Exalted Ruler of
Juneau Lodge No. 420, B. P. O. Elk;
will announce his committees for the
coming year at the regular meeting
tonight.
The members are urged to be
present as this is the first official
meeting conducted by the new of
ficers. Program for the coming yeai
will be announced by the Exalted
Ruler.
The picture of the Christophei
Movement, which has created grea'
interest in its various showings ir
other organizations, will be shown
following the regular meeting.
Members are urged to put ever;
effort behind the coming Juneai
High school spring concert thi‘
weekend. This is a worthy cause
rnd Remands the support of all.
SHAFFER’S 49-l*hone-13
SANITARY
MEAT CO.
Meal at Iis Bes! — a! Lower Prices
I FREE DELIVERY
Prices toed Thursday, Friday and Saturday
Hormel's Finest
BACON
Half or Whole
\k 59c
Rhode Island Red
ROASTING
PULLETS
lb. 59 c
Choice Steer
Beef Roast
lb. 75c
Farm Fresh
PAN READY
FRYERS
lb. 75c_
For delicious week-end
dinners, serve a Tender.. Juicy
STS A K.
Round or Sirloin
lb. 99c
Rhode Island Red
FRICASSEE
CHICKENS
Cut-Up - Ready to Cook
Ibn
Eastern Grade A — Boned and Rolled
Pork Roast
lb- 7ft
RATH’S
SLICED BACON
lb. (3c
From the Land of Corn
1-——————