THE NOME NUGGET
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E. P. BOUCHER . Managing Editor
CLINTON GRAY . Production Manager
1
Entered at second class matter October 14, 1943, at the
post office at Nome, Alaska, under Act of March 3, 1879.
Test Ban Agreement Is First Accord
Between U.S. and Russia Since WW II
By James Marlow, Associated Press News Analyst
THE NUCLEAR TEST BAN agreement looks like a leap for
ward in the history of mankind. And maybe it is. But it wasn t
unselfish and there are reasons for keeping your fingers crossed.
This was the first accord between the West and Russia in this
field after almost continuous talking since World War II. It
could be the beginning of much better relations and even more
and far-reaching understandings.
But the motives were not all strictly humanitarian when the
Americans, British and Russians last Thursday in Moscow agreed
to stop testing in the atmosphere, outer space and under the sea.
This country and Russia have about all the nuclear weapons they
seem to think they need. It will take anyone else years to catch up.
Testing is highly expensive. So by not testing they save money.
Certainly in time more nations will develop nuclear weapons of
their own. The more nations that have them, the greater the danger
of triggering a world war.
The Americans, British and Russians hope by their agreement to
discourage other would-be nuclear powers from going on to create
their own nuclear weapons and test them.
For this reason the signers suggested other nations join their
agreement. If there’s no more testing by anyone, the world is spared
radioactive fallout. That would be an improvement but it's far from
a sure bet.
The French are known to be developing nuclear weapons and the
Red Chinese are suspected of doing so. The French have already done
some testing, will probably do more. The Chinese are expected to
start theirs in a year or two.
Neither is bound by the Moscow agreement. And last Thursday
in Paris the French Foreign Minister, Maurice Couve De Murville,
said that so long as the great nuclear powers do not disarm, then
any ban on nuclear testing that they agree on is a device to try to
freeze their monopoly.
The Red Chinese denounced the agreement before it was reached.
Since they are breaking away from Russia, whom they distrust, they
will undoubtedly try to build their own nuclear arsenal so as to be a
match for Russia and the West.
Whether Russia abandons the agreement if the French test, or
the United States does likewise if the Chinese test, remains to be
seen. Their agreement said any signer can ignore it if it thinks its
interests are being jeopardized.
Nevertheless, because this country and Russia are years ahead of
anyone else, they may not feel it necessary for some time to abandon
the no-test agreement no matter what France and China do.
For Soviet Premier Khrushchev the agreement served several
purposes besides those mentioned.
For one thing, he can make propaganda out of it by waving it
as an example of Russia’s good intentions. Then there was his fight
with the Red Chinese.
They had denounced him before the rest of the Communist
world for insisting Communism could do business with the West. The
agreement is tangible evidence that it can. So the agreement supports
his argument. There’s more.
Testing takes a lot of money, time, energy and manpower. An
end to testing enables Khrushchev to use some of these resources
in his trouble with the Red Chinese who now look like his closest,
and perhaps his worst, enemy.
What was left out of the Moscow agreement is a good reminder
to romantics that this accord does not quite mean a completely new
era between East-West relations. The three signers did not agree to
stop testing underground. There all three can test new ideas for im
proving weapons or fashioning entirely new ones.
The agreement to ban tests in the atmosphere, outer space and
under the sea could have been reached some time ago since cheating
in those regions can be detected without having inspectors in the
cheating country.
Not so with underground tests. The United States has insisted it
would not agree to ban tests underground unless Russia agreed to
permit inspectors inside the Soviet Union while other inspectors
checked inside the United States.
Russia called such inspection spying and refused to agree. In
time, maybe agreement can be reached on this, too. Perhaps last
Thursday’s agreement was just the first of many. But don’t bet on
it until it happens.
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| Gruening Says Native
; Opposition to Rampart
j Dam Is Dwindling
j ANCHORAGE oT* — Sen. Ernest
Gruening says opposition among
native villages to the proposed
Rampart Dam project is dwindling.
Gruening. here for after a two
day visit to six Yukon River vil
lages in the Rampart Dam im
poundment area, told newsmen:
"I found very little opposition
—I think they realize this is the
best thing that can happen to
them.”
The senator visited Circle, Fort
Yukon, Venetie, Beaver, Stevens
village and Rampart last Friday
and Saturday.
He said construction of the dam,
which would mean relocation of
the villages which would be flood
ed by a huge lake, would permit
the natives to move to areas of
their own choosing—with the gov
ernment obligated to provide them
with new homes.
The biggest point, however,
Gruening said, was that the con
struction would provide the na
tives a livelihood. ‘‘They have no
future, no jobs now,” he said.
Gruening said the final engineer
report on the dam now is being
awaited, and that the Interior De
partment phase of the report was
due June 30.
He said when the report is com
plete he would introduce legis
lation to authorize construction of
the dam — but expected no action
on the bill before next spring or
early summer at the earliest.
He said no appropriation toward
construction probably would be
available before 1965, with actual
building of the dam likely to take
six or seven years.
Physical Education In
Schools Pays Off in Fitness
WASHINGTON OP — Pushups,
knee bends and the like are whip
ping American students into shape
and now it’s the adults’ turn, or
so reports the President’s Council
on Physical Fitness.
“Today’s school children are
spending more time in physical
fitness programs and are measur
ably stronger and in better physi
cal condition than the school chil
dren of a few years ago,” the coun
cil said.
The council, which operates un
der the direction of the University
of Oklahoma football coach Bud
Wilkinson, still found a lot of flab,
however.
They bring more adults into the
sweat-and-strain re g i m e n, the
council endorsed a 64-page illus
trated booklet full of home ex
ercises and ways to keep fit
through games.
The booklet goes on sale Aug.
20 and may be purchased for 35
cents through the Superintendent
of Documents at the Government
Printing Office.
Stan and Seffen Andersen, twin
sons of Mr. and Mrs. Steffen An
dersen, left yesterday for a vaca
tion trip to Seattle where they
will be met by their sister, Mary
Andersen, and enjoy the big city
for a few weeks.
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Welcomed at Elniendorf
ANCHORAGE — Lt. Gen.
Raymond Reeves was given a 15
gun salute and welcomed by top
officers of the Alaska Command
Tuesday as he arrived at Elmen
dorf Air Force Base to become
Commander in Chief of the Alaska
Command.
Gen. Reeves will take over the
command today from Lt. Gen. Geo.
Mundy, who is retiring after 39
year military career.
Gen. Mundy was honored at a
civic-military banquet Monday
night at which Gov. Wm. Egan
was host.
The welcome for Gen. Reeves
was staged on an expanse of lawn
across the street from the Mundy
residence on the base, with units
of the Army, Navy Air Force and
Marine Corps taking part.
Today was ceremonial day at the
base for Gen. Mundy with a big
parade that marked his formal re
tirement after serving as Alaska
Commander for the last three years.
Gen. Mundy and his wife will
retire to their family home at
Arlington, Va., after leaving
Alaska.
SOVIETS CHARGE CHINESE
AS CRIMINAL ADVENTURERS
MOSCOW l/F — The Soviet Com
munist party charged Tuesday
that Chinese Communist leaders are
staggeringly ignorant or criminal
adventurers.
Denouncing the Chinese thesis
that a third world war would
bring a complete victory for Com
munism, an article in Pravda by
Peter Pospelov said:
“It is difficult to say what pre
dominates in such statements of
the Chinese leaders: staggering ig
norance and lack of understanding
of what a modern thermonuclear
world war would mean, or a
criminally adventurist and flippant
attitude toward the destinies of
humanity.”
Happy Birlhday Pioneers
Frederick Walker, who was
born on Aug. 23, 1880, will cele
brate his 83rd birthday in the
Pioneer Home. The oldest person
at the home having a birthday
in August will be John Lee of
Kodiak who will be 94 on Aug. 11.
CHUNN’S REPAIR SHOP
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Construction Worker
Named Director of Human
Rights Commission
ANCHORAGE W — Willard
Bowman, an Anchorage construc
tion worker, was named execu
tive director of the new Alaska
Commission for Human Rights
Tuesday at the agency’s organiza
tion meeting here.
Bowman, who had lobbied at
Juneau during the 1963 legislative
session in favor of the bill which
led to establishment of the com
mission, previously had been re
ported in line for the post.
No salary was announced im
mediately for the full-time direc
tor’s job.
Fred Kelkregg of Anchorage
was elected chairman of the com
mission, at the meeting attended
by Gov. Wm Egan.
The commission is impowered to
act against discrimination within
the state.
Leslie Callan of Anchorage was
named secretary of the commission
at the organization meeting.
ABOUT 50.000 U.S. TROOPS
DEPLOYED IN SOUTH KOREA
WASHINGTON UP — About
50,000 U. S. military men are in
South Korea today, including the
two combat divisions deployed be
side South Korean units along the
150-mile width of the peninsula
facing the Red Korean army.
The South Korean forces are be
lieved to total about 500,000, in
cluding some air force and navy
personnel.
Also still remaining in South
Korea as United Nations forces
are small, token units from Turkey
and Thailand.
Chef Returns to Kotzebue
Mr. and Mrs. Chuck Volkheimer
and their four children returned
to their home in Kotzebue yes
terday after a stay of about two
months. Mr. Volkheimer was the
chef for several banquets during
his stay here.
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