U.S. Ban on Hit-Run Raids on Cuba
Presage a Wave of Anti-Yankeeism
Editor’s note: This is the first
of four articles by William L.
Ryan, AP special correspondent,
exploring the background of the
Cuban exile question.
By WILLIAM L. RYAN
AP Special Correspondent
MIAMI, Fla. — Hit-and-run
raids against Prime Minister Fidel
Castro’s Communist Cuba are halt
ed for the moment. But new action
is being planned, possibly soon, in
defiance of a U.S. ban.
Today, just two years since the
disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion,
there is defiance in the air among
the sullenly angry, frustrated anti
Castro militants in Miami’s exile
community. Infprmed Cuban
sources say at least one new attack
is in the planning stage.
"Watch out for that next
one/' said a non-Cuban source
whose business it is to know
about such mailers. "When it
comes it's going to be a lulu."
Bahamas bases used by organi
zations like Alpha 66, the Second
Front of Escambray and Revolu
tionary Student Directorate have
been put out of action by British
and U.S. crackdowns. Their lead
ers have been ordered to remain
in Dade County—the Miami area
—at all times.
But anti-Castro organizations
are moving to new bases now —
probably outside the Bahamas
areas and most likely somewhere
among the small islands in the
Caribbean Sea, within striking
distance of Cuba.
Recovering from tne snock ot
the U.S. intervention in their anti
Castro activities, the members of
the militant organizations now are
engaged in getting their bearings,
marking time, making plans. They
are even talking of uniting their
efforts, which would be a remark
able development for the peren
nially divided Cuban exiles.
They say confidently they will
be ready again — soon—and that
neither the United States nor the
British can stop them. They say
they intend to hit and hit hard.
They still have the means to
carry out considerable harass
ment. The Escambray group, for
example, lost $50,000 worth of
weapons and ammunition, confis
cated by authorities in the recent
crackdowns. But the organization
and others, like Alpha 66 and the
Student Directorate, do not lack
for money, apparently.
Alpha 66 is one of about five
organizations, small in numbers,
which carry on active harassment
of the Havana regime. One of its
leaders, Armando Fleites, said his
organization and the others want
to know this:
If the raiders zero in on pure
ly Castroist targets and avoid at
tacking Russian ships or Rus
sians, will the Kennedy admin
istration still seek to stop them?
“You mean, ” I asked, “You in
tend to test President Kennedy’s
intentions?’
“Exacto,” he replied emphatical
ly. “At this moment we are con
fused. We have to get together and
discuss how we can go about this
carefully. Perhaps we just mark
time right now. We are not in
conflict with President Kennedy
and we do not want to be, but we
still want to know.”
The crackdowns, I reminded
him, already were aimed at all
operations from U.S. and Bahamas
waters. He shrugged, indicating he
still wanted to be sure.
“We have underground guerrilla
forces inside Cuba and we want to
infiltrate more to fight the Com
munists. So we will continue by
whatever means possible.”
A well - informed non - Cuban
source said solemnly: “The raids
in themselves are not important
except possibly as a means for
the exiles to let off steam and
demonstrate their heroism in
working to free Cuba. You don’t
bring down a building by throw
ing stones through a window. But
it sustains their hopes.
"When new attacks come, that
in turn will enhance Castro's
position. He will blame the U.S.
and then ridicule its patrols.
And there will be ridicule from
the Cuban exile side, too, and
probably from Latin America.
There will be anti-Y ankeeism
all over the place, on all sides."
Among young militants, also,
one hears warnings of resentment
against the Yankees growing be
cause of actions against the anti
Castro groups.
Exile leaders repeat they are
grateful to the United States and
Miami for taking them in and
sheltering them after their flighl
from their Communist-ruled home
land.
But obviously the exile com
munity—or at least that part of it
actively involved in attempting to
fight Castro — is engulfed in a
wave of confusion, frustration and
sometimes something closely akin
to despair.
“We are like David now, going
to battle against Goliath without
a slingshot,” cried one veteran of
the raids.
RALEIGH
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Miners and Merchants Bank of Alaska
'THE FRIENDLY BANK”
FuU Banking Services io N.W. Alaska Since 1904
BRANCHES IN KOTZEBUE and BARROW
“Breathing Wing”
May Revolutionize
Long-Range Planes
By RALPH DIGHTON
EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE,
Calif. —Both the Air Force and
the Navy will be watching closely
when an experimental plane with
a “breathing wing” begins flight
tests here late this month.
The Air Force is interested be
cause it footed the $30-million bill
for the radical X21, designed to
show how planes can fly 50 per
cent farther on a given amount of
fuel.
The Navy has a secret interest:
How to apply the same principle
to underwater vehicles, increasing
their range and perhaps their
speed.
The Navy won’t admit it has an
interest in the X21, but informed
sources say experiments are under
way with this method of reducing
the turbulence that builds up
around bodies moving in either air
or water.
Turbulence drags at moving ob
jects. The faster the object moves,
the more turbulence.
A design that reduces turbul
ence will enable an air or water
vehicle (1) to go farther on a
given load of fuel, (2) carry a
heavier payload the same distance,
or (3) use a smaller, cheaper en
gine.
I
l
t
Northrop Corp.’s Norair Divi
sion, the only U.S. firm conducting
a major research program in this
field, has been experimenting with
turbulence controls since 1949. The '
result is the X21, with a slotted
wing full of tubes and channels
that suck away the turbulence as
it forms in an extremely thin
boundary layer next to the surface
of the moving body. At the leading
edge the layer is only a few thou
sandths of an inch thick.
Then, as the molecules of air
or water sweep past the vehicle,
they are kicked outward by im
pact with its surface. In the air
the result is thousands of tiny tor
I nadoes; in the water, bubbling
miniature whirlpools. Tornadoes or
whirlpools drag at the moving ob
ject.
Northrop’s answer was to cut
hairline slots the length of the
X21’s wing. Compressors carried
in a pod under each wing create
a suction through tubes connected
to the slots. The tiny tornadoes
are drawn from the surface of the
wings and expelled to the rear of
the plane.
This system, Northrop says, el
iminates about 40 per cent of the
total drag on an airplane.
“Boundary Layer Control is pri
marily for long - range planes,”
says a company spokesman. “It is
not for fighters because of the
extra weight of the compressors
and ducting.”
Obvious applications include the
top-secret Dromedary Project, a
proposed aircraft that could stay
aloft several days on constant
alert or fly long distances to
launch missiles from altitudes too
low for radar detection.
Dial 2217
ARCTIC OIL
DELIVERY
—AUTOMATIC SERVICE—
Furance fiHSHHl
Oil
Stove
Oil
Warren and Kathy Rodgers
Visit Imprisoned Baha’is
The Alaskan friends will be in
terested to know that Warren and
Kathy Rodgers are now in Moroc
co on an overseas assignment for j
the Air Force and have been able
to visit the five Baha’i believers
who have been imprisoned for sen
tences less than the death sentence.
The five have been held prison
ers since April of 1962, but have
just recently been brought to the
big prison in Kenitra. We have
been told that this prison is strictly
for “life” or “death” prisoners
and that many prisoners from
Devils Island are now within the
great white walls. No one has ever
been known to walk out a “free”
man from this prison.
“The five are allowed to re
ceive special gifts from the friends
and many of us have brought
home-baked goods along with fresh
fruits and vegetables. We were
permitted to purchase sweat shirts
lor all eight prisoners which we
bought at the base exchange. It is
very damp and cold inside the
prison and the fleece-lined sweat
shirts will help keep them warm.
In this one instance, the three who
are sentenced to death were also
allowed to receive a shirt.
“As Americans living on a U.S.'
Air Base, we are not in any dan
ger and have continued our teach
ing efforts as usual.”
Rod and Kathy are planning on
attending the World Congress in
London and hope to kee their many
Alaskan friends.
Hospital News
Admitted: Don Lee, Elizabeth
Kavairalok, Albert Kirk, Christine
Washington, Tom Brown
Discharged: Edward Holbrook,
Jennie Oksoktaruk, Bridget Alu
I rac and infant, Louise Bockman,
I Agnes Walsh.
George Washington was trans
ferred to Kotzebue.
Canadian Skipper Says
Japanese Poaching In
Bering Halibut Grounds
VANCOUVER, B.C. M — Capt.
Edgar Arnett, skipper of the Attu,
first boat to return from the Ber
ing Sea halibut grounds this sea
son, said he spotted a Japanese
fishing fleet poaching in the area.
In an interview, Capt. Arnett
said:
“We went close in to a 140-foot
mother ship three days before the
season opened.
“As soon as they saw us, they
tried to cover their number but
we got a good look at it. There’s
no doubt they were poaching.”
He said the U.S. Coast Guard
had asked all Canadian and U.S.
vessels to report any incidents
with Japanese vessels.
Japan is restricted from fishing
halibut in the area under a Can
adian-American-Japanese treaty.
The U.S. and Japan have ap
proved a n amendment to the
treaty allowing Japan to fish the
area but the Canadian govern
ment has not approved it.
Capt. Arnett said the fleet’s lo
cation was relayed by radio to
U.S. authorities but patrol vessels
didn’t reach the area until five
days later.
DENVER — Irving Hook,
president of the Denver City
Council, suddenly asked to be ex
cused from a council meeting
Monday night.
Hook, an accountant, said he
had been helping taxpayers fill
out income tax returns.
“I forgot to do my own,” he
i explained.
new boyfriend likes outdoor sports end things
like that-and I hate them because I always look *
like a mess when I get indoors again ."What can I do.
^ls If you like your friend well enough to
share his outdoor interests-then why
not make-up for the part?
can prevent1 your hairdo from looking like
a neat or weeds after itfc been caught in the
wind if ft you either cover it with a kerchief- or
(b)have It styled in a smart, short cut that can
take a weather-beating without going to
pieces.
Wear a weatherproof make-up-either
a cream or pressed powder. This will
stay on for hours without streaking,
turning shiny or needing touch-ups.
Anchor you lipstick by patting your
lips with powder before applying
the color. Blot with a tissue-then
put on a second coat.
And finally, when you get outdcors-relax. If you spend a
lot of time fussing about your appearance, you're not
going to enjoy yourself... and your date isn't going to
enjoy being with you /
® Copyright 1962 Pond’s Good Grooming Service 15S