THE NENANA DAILY NEWS
Application made April 1, 1918, at the postoffice at Nenana, Alaska,
for enrry as second class mail matter, under the Act of March 3, 1879.
Published every afternoon except Sunday, by the Nenana Printing
Company, at First and B Streets, Nenana, Alaska.
R. G. Scuthworth.Editor and Manager
RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION
Single Copies.Two Bits
By the Month, by Carrier or Mail.% 2.00
Six Months, if paid in Advance. 9-00
One Year, if paid in advance.-. 15.00
ADVERTISING RATES
Transient Display Advertising, per inch, per issue.$ .50
Minimum Charge . 1.00
Reading Notices, per line, per issue.25
Legal Advertising, per line, per issue._... .20
MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for re-publi
cation of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in
this paper and also all the local news published herein.
EFFICIENCY
The president of one of the bij
Eastern railroads last year startei
an efficiency campaign on his sys
tem. He figured out a plan o
bonuses and promotions for the mei
who had shown capability and prompt
ness and energy in the discharge o
their duties. To him was brough
the name of one employee who, ii
twenty-two years of service, hai
never been late, had never missei
a day from his duties and had .nevei
been reprimanded for inattention
Highly pleased, the president sen
for the model to come to headquart
ers to be questioned, complimenter
and finally rewarded.
Next day the paragon was showr
into the chief’s office. He provec
to be a shaggy-headed, middle-agec
individual in rough clothing.
“I’ve heard splendid things abou!
your record,” said the great man
“Now tell me, just what are youi
duties?”
“Well sir,” stated the visitor, “it’s
my job to stay on the platform out
here at Holidayville and every time
a train pulls into the station I walk
down along her and rap all the
wheels with a hammer. I’ve been
doing that stiddy ever sence I went
to work fur the road.”
“In the name of heaven, what do
you do that for?” demanded the as
tonished president.
The efficient one scratched his
head.
“Boss,” he answered truthfully,
“I’m dam’ ef I know!”
WANTS ALIENS READMITTED
The House Immigration commit
tee has recommended adoption of a
resolution by Representative Slay
den of Texas, authorizing readmis
sion to the United States of aliens
who were conscripted or have vol
unteered for service with the United
States or the Allies.
“There is a double hazard,” says
the report. “They take the peril of
being killed in battle and of being
shot as traitors if captured. When
the call to arms came in 1914 many
Poles, Czecho-Slovaks, and Slavs
went to Europe and joined the
forces of Serbia, Britain, or France
to fight the government they re
garded as oppressors to their people.
Bohemians believed the time had
come when their national aspirations
might be gratified. Among the
people who will be benefited are
some Jews, Armenians, and Syrians.
“This resolution proposes, in a
word, to give these aliens the status
and rights they held as lawful resi
dents of the United States prior to
April 6, 1917, but in recognition of
their service in a cause in which
Americans are sacrificing blood and
treasure to waive the immigrant
head tax that otherwise would be
collected when they return."
MOCK SUNS OF THE ARCTIC
; The mock suns of the Arctic
1 regions are somewhat similar to the
mirages of the dessert. As the long
^ winter night of the polar regions
wanes once every twenty-four hours
a slight glow is seen at some point
. i on the horizon. Often accompany
ing this glow is seen the phenomenon
of the mock suns. Several degrees
^ up in the heavens as many as five
I of these spectral orbs have been
seen at one time. Invariably they
are all connected in a geometric
figure, the suns seemingly bound to
gether with circles and arms of
light. The explanation of the phe
nomenon is given reflection of light
from the real sun below the horizon
on the mists in the upper atmos- ■
I phere.
*****
THE SOLDIERS’ JOB
—
“We have reached the top in train- i
ing,’’ said a major in an inspiring
talk to battalion officers near the
j fighting line in France, “and every
man in the company should realize
it. If you need anything, come and
I tell me, and I will get it for you if
I can. If I do not get it, I do not
want to hear about it again, for it
means that I cannot get it.
“We will have three meals a day
if we can get them. If we have to
miss one meal, we will not be badly
i off, and if we miss two or three it1
will not be much worse. We are
! expected to work from midnight of
! one day to midnight of the next
! day. If there is any chance to
sleep between, all right; it will also
i be all right if there is no chance.
| Let everybody pitch in. While mud
and water must be fought, it may
i be much worse. The hopes of the
nation are fixed on each man.”
LUt of Advertised Letters in Post
Office At Nenana, June 1.
I _
Anderson, Chas. E.
Beaton, Donald (2)
Bseek, Gaske.
Detetich. Sam.
' Edmunds, M. C.
! Enrico, Cazzioli.
Farley, W. (2)
Fox, James.
! Gulliford, Nick.
I Gredy, Orent.
| Liston, Edward.
I Mooore, James Grant. Jr.
Orent, Grade.
Parker, A. M. (2)
I Peary, Al.
Peterson, John.
Salvas, Mike.
Stevenson, Richard.
Stevenson, M. L.
Shermer, Harvey.
• Star, Alfred.
Beautify Your Home
NOW IS THE TIME TO MAKE YOU* HOME COMFORTABLE
AND ATTRACTIVE
Wi Have In Stock A Complete Liae of
WALL PAPERS. AND INTERIOR DECORATIONS
la the Latest Deiigai
REAVER BOARD—CRETONNES—SHEETING AN© ROOFING
PAPER — FURNITURE—MIRRORS — GLASS—WINDOWS
DOORS — PAINTS — OILS AND VARNISHES
GUNS AND AMMUNITION
ALSO A COMPLETE LINE OF HARDWARE* INCLUDING THE
FAMOUS DISSTON LINE OF TOOLS.
SIGN PAINTERS
ANDERSON BROS. & NfRIAND
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NA1I0N HAS BIG
FORCE EMROYEO
MAKING MASKS
WASHINGTON. — The United
States army is being prepared to
meet the gas attacks of the enemy,
the means of protection having been
devised by the Gas Defense Service
! of the Medical department, which
comprises about 100 officers and
approximately 600 enlisted men
The two principal factors in gas
defense are effective masks and
thorough training of soldiers in the
use of masks and various methods
of avoiding contact with poisonous
vapors.
Experts who have been sent to
jthis country by the Allied govern
[ ments have pronounced the present
American masks the most efficient
in existence. The production of
these masks is progressing at a rate
which insures that the requirements
of the Ameriacn troops abroad will
be amply supplied.
At each cantonment in the United
States a gas defense school has been
established and put under charge of
a divisional gas officer, who works
in conjunction with the chemical
adviser, both trained in the theory
and practice of meeting gas offens
ive. Through these schools every
officer and man receives instruction
as to the proper means of gas de
fense.
The use of gas in warfare dates
back to about 400 B. C. The Spar
tans saturated wood with pitch and
sulphur and burned it under the
walls of cities which they were at
tacking. For several centuries gas
had not been used in warfare and
The Hague Convention definitely
ruled againt it. However, on AprO
22, 1915, the Germans liberated
great clouds of gas against Canadian j
troops near Ypres. Terrible destruc-1
tion and demoralization resulted j
from this first gas attack, and with
in a week England made plans for i
gas warfare against the Germans, j
Gas is now an everyday part of war. i
Gases In Various Forms.
Gases may be employed in the I
form of clouds or in shells, bombs,!
and hand grenades. The first gas j
attacks in the present war were in ;
clouds- Fumes were liberated from ;
steel containers which were dis-!
tributed in groups of three or four 1
at intervals of 50 yards along the i
trenches opposite the line to be at- j
tacked. Tubes provided with a stop- j
cock attachment were connected
with the gas tanks and the end of;
the tube was passed over the para- '
pet. When an attack was intended '
a signal was given and the stop-1
cocks were opened, allowing the gas 1
to escape in the form of liquid,
which immediately vaporized.
The success of a “gas cloud” which
is still used, is dependent upon at-1
mospheric conditions. Careful plan- j
ning is necessary. The fact that
trenches are irregular, often with
wide juts, renders it difficult to
liberate a gas cloud effectively. The
gases used being heavier than air.
when released under proper atmos
pheric conditions, are blown or ap
pear to roll along the ground, usu
ally in the form of a dense greenish
yellow cloud. At best the cloud
method of using gas is uncertain.
By far the commoner method is;
its use in shells, bombs, and hand
grenades. Gas thus used has a dis-;
tinct military advantage in that it
is possible to place it where it may
be needed to form a gas barrage
or smoke barrage to prevent the
bringing up of reinforcements or
the retreat of defeated troops.
Many kinds of gases are used. Some I
are merly gases which temporarily j
affect the eyes and are more incon-1
venient than serious. Other gases I
are terrible in their effects unless:
proper protection is available.
Soon after the first German gas
attack English and French women
sent to the front hundreds of thous
ands of home-made gas masks. For'
the most part they were merely;
bandages impregnated with chemicals
to wrap around the mouth and nose
rhese emergency masks saved many
lives, but afforded only limited pro
tection.
The next step in gas masks was
a cloth helmet or hood which had
>een dipped in neutralizing solution,
ihe bottom of which was tucked in
the collar. This hood had two eye
goggles. Air was breathed in through
the cloth. The chemicals in the
cloth filtered the incoming air, but
there was no provision for exhala
tion and within a short time the
man was unable to get a proper
amount of good air.
The next improvement was to put
in an exhaust or outlet for the ex
haled air. This type of mask has
been used extensively. Its disad
vantages are that a man cannot hear
well, the chemicals in the cloth cause
him trouble, and the mask cannot
long remain impermeable to gases.
The small box respirator mask was
next developed and it is the model
of the mask we are at present using.
It is the highest development, afford
ing good protection. It has an im
pervious face piece, with glass or
celluloid eye pieces, held in place
by rubber bands around the head.
A canister is carried in a small
knapsack and a flexible tube con
nects the box in the face piece.
Inhale Through A Canister
Inside the face piece is a small
wire clamp with rubber pads which
fits on the nose and forces the
wearer to breathe through his mouth
The end of a flexible tube has a
rubber mouthpiece through which
the man breathes. The incoming
breath comes through the canister,
which is filled with several layers
of special chemicals of an absorbent
nature, which neutralize or render
harmless the gas-laden air. The
outgoing breath passes outside the
face piece through a small rubber
valve.
In the German mask the container
for the neutralizing chemicals ;s
screwed onto a ring in the bottom
of the mask With the German
mask there is no outlet valve for the
exhaled air, both incoming and out
going air passing through the con
tainer.
The first work toward the estab
lishment of an American gas defense |
service was done under the super
vision of the Bureau of Mines, which
had the personnel and equipment1
to carry on experimental work. In
July, 1917, a special department to
carry on gas defense work was es
tablished. Following the example
of the British, this department was
incorporated into the Medical de
partment of the army. The Bureau
of Mines turned over much valuable
material and still continues to give
active co-operation.
The Gas Defense* Service is di
vided into three separate parts—(1)
field supply section, (2) field train
ing section, (3) overseas repair sec
tion.
The function of the field supply
section is to manufacture or procure
all gas defense materials and equip-.
ment. The big work, of course, is j
to furnish our troops with effective I
masks. The small box respirator !
type of mask, admittedly the best
mask in existence, was accepted as
a model.
The manufacture of a gas mask
of this type presented a problem.
No manufacturing firms had '-xperi
ence with an article of this kind.
More than ordinary care must be
used in making parts, because the j
slightest defect would render the !
mask useless. The wide variety of !
materials going into the mask made
it necessary to have the parts made
in separate plants and assembled
at a central plant. At present about
sixty manufacturing firms contribute
directly to the making of the Ameri
can mask.
With no actual experience to de
pend upon, much experimental and ,
research work was necessary An
extensive experimental organization !
was built up, with branches in sev
eral cities. Recently it was decided
to establish a government- jperated
plant to handle the final assembling
and the difficult sewing operations
on the face piece. This plant v 'll
soon be in full operation, with about
4,000 employees.
Secret Chemical Formulae.
The American gas mask, similar
to the British, is as mechanically
perfect as the best experts in the
country have been able to produce.
The vital feature of any respirator
mask is the chemicals contained in
the canister. These chemicals and
absorbents are made fiom secret
Formulae. The ftloe piece consists
»f a base of cotton fabric, carnully
rubberized. These face pieces arc
made to fit various types of faces.
K network of elastic bands over the
head holds the face niece in p.'dce.
rhe ears are left uncovered.
The mask is carried in a l.ndp
CUlSSre ADVERTISEMENTS
FOR SALE—Sixteen foot V bottom
launch, with 2*4 H. P. Ferro out
board motor. A. C. Slippern. 5-31
FOR SALE—On easy installments,
Player and Plain Pianos. Simson’s
FOR SALE OR ENT—National Cash
Register. Simson’s.
FOR SALE—Show Cases. Simson’s.
FOR SALE—B'uo-Fleme Coal Oil
Cook Stove. Oven anil cabinet
complete. M. V Tyler. tf
FOR SALE—Dining Room Tables
and Chairs, Dressers, Rocking
Chairs, Upholstered Couches. At
Simson’s.
VICTOR PHONOGRAPHS and
Records, at Outside prices. At
Simsons.
SKOF HOUSE for rent. Inquire on
premises. tf
FOR SALE—Two tents, one 18x30,
one 20x40. Inquire Simsons.
LOST—Sunday afternoon along rail
road track south of town, Stevens
.22 calibre pistol. Please return
to Grigg at the townsite office.
Flood and lea Postal* for tala at
The Portland, The Arctic and at
Slippern’s 5-28
FOR SALE—3-room log cabin, com
pletely furnished, $200. Located
at 5th and A St., across the street
from Coghill’s warehouse. In
quire at house. 6-8
FOR RENT—PIANOS . Simson’s
sack at the left hip, supported by a
shoulder band. When troops ap
proach a clanger zone, die straps
are shortened and the knapsack is
shifted to rest high on the chest
ready for instant use. This isknov.n
Try One of Our
COCKTAILS
Shrimp, Clam and Oyster
Martin’s Pool Hall
BROOKER’S
CAFE and
BAKERY
YOU’LL LIKE THE PLACE
THE BELMONT HOTEL
AND
POOL ROOM
UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT
EVERYTHING NEW
BASOFF A SOGURA, Prop..
FOR SALE
LINOLEUM, 12 * I I
21 YAKI'S RUG BORDER
1 PAIR PORTIERES
1 COUCH COVER
ALL NEW
ALSO 1 BRASS BED
1 6-Qt. ICE CREAM FREEZER
INQUIRE
JONES BbNK HOUSE
as the “alert position.” The soldier
has merely to open the knapsack,
pullout the flexible hose with the
face piece attached, put the rubber
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First and A Streets
JACKSON & EKELAND
CIGARS POOL CONFECTIONERY
SOFT DRINKS ICE CREAM
FRESH LEMONS, ORANGES, GRAPEFRUIT AND APPLES
WS.S.
VAR SAVINGS STAMPS
I3S USD BY THB
UNITED STATES
COVEIINMENT
Salvage from
the battlefields —
The Allied armies find it very profitable
to salvage scrap from the battlefields. Great
Britain is saving millions every year from
this thrifty parctice.
If we could extend this practice to the
United States—if we saved only the waste
and needless spending of every day and put
the saving into War Savings Stamps, it
would help to win the war.
Your every saving helps the Government.
Pdt the small savings into U. S. Thrift
Stamps at 25 cents each; when you have
16 of them, exchange them with a few extra
pennies for a $5 War Savings Stamp.
THEY EARN MONEY
THEY SAVE LIFE AT THE
FRONT, BY HELPING UNCLE
SAM WIN THE WAR.
BUT THEM AT THE
POSTOFFICE
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