I
Application made April 1, 1918, at the postoffice at Nenana, Alaska, |
for entry as second class mail matter, under the Act of March 3, 1879. i
Published every afternoon except Sunday, by the Nenana Printing
Company, at First and B Streets, Nenana, Alaska.
R. G. Southworth..Editor and Manager
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CHANCE FOR ALASKA
_ j
Of particular interest to Alaskans
at this time is the statement of Dr.
Colin G. Fink, president of the i
American Electrochemical Society, j
who makes it plain in an article re
cently published by him, that tun?- j
sten, a metal occurring extensively
in the territory, is the key metal of
the present day and may prove in
valuable to the United States in teh j
war against Germany:
Every age has had its “key” sub
stance, on the existence of which
its civilization has in some measure
depended. In the stone age the
tribe that found the best flint-de
posits had the upper hand until some
other tribe discovered bronze. Bronze
as a “key-metal" was displaced by
steel, which in turn gave place to
lead when the bullet won over the
sword. Stil later, copper became1
the key, because it made possible
the invention of the percussion cap.
And now comes tungsten, with which
many Interior Alaskans are already |
familiar.
“Most of the elements of the mod
ern breech-loading and magazine i
rifle were known at an early pe- ■
riod," says the writer, “but they
remained undeveloped for lack of
means to do minutely accurate work.
Tool development is a parallel phen
omenon Some essentia! properties
of tungsten steels have been known J
for over fifty years—-self hardening!
steel tools were invented by Robert
Mushet between I860 and 1870 !
Not until the Paris Exposition of
1900, however, did the modern era
in tool steel begin; then Taylor first
exhibited to the astonished gaze.
of incredulous machinists the spec
tacle of a tool cutting so fast and
deep that it delivered chips at a
blue heat and in amazing quantities.
Since that time the introduction of
modern scientific shop-management
has been going on apace, wholly made .
possible by the use of these high
speed tools cutting four times as
much metal as the best of the older
carbon steels. Whereas, in the wars
of the past, copper, tin, and lead,
were, next to steel, the most im
portant ’martial metals,’ today tung
sten alloyed as high-speed steel is
the dominating factor. To deprive
a nation of tungsten is to crippie
its military power in time of war,
and its industrial power in time of
peace. Without high-speed steels,
machine tools could not be produced
nor operated in sufficient quantity *
to make the ‘seventy-five’ and its j
thousands of shells, the '•if'e. a"ri i
machine gun and its millions of
cartridges, nor could automobile., j
farm machinery, ships, or engines
be replenished after the sword h.- -
been happily sheathed.”
Germany, this noted authority in-j
forms us, was the only nation which ,
properely appraised this situation in
1914. At that time she had a prae- ■
tical monopoly of the world’s tung-1
sten production. The mines of Bur- i
ma, in English territory, were con-1
trolled and operated by Germans j
and the ore shipped to Germany for
treatment. Even the Cornish tung
isten ore was shipped to Germany
for refining and then sold back to
England. He goes on:
“At the outbreak of the war,” i
Dr. Fink tells us, “tungsten output!
actually declined as the German ;
controlled mines stopped producing,
and it was not until the middle of
1915, after a year’s hostilities, that
England finally awoke to the im
portant of the situation by noting
that no more tools were to be had.
“The occurred a violent specu
lative rise in price accompanying
insistent demands of the war boards
for more materials. When England j
at last realizes the need of a thing
she goes after it, and the result i
today is that out of a total of;
19,000 metric tons of tungsten con- j
centrates produced in 1916, Eng-j
land controlled and acquired 13,000 s
i tons, or over two-thirds of the
world's supply. Fortunately, the |
United States produced nearly 7,000 |
tons of the best and purest of these j
: conventrates in 1916, which is an
j earnest of our own possibilities; but;
i it is important that these matters!
be well borne in mind and provided ,
for against the time of necessity.
“It may some day well be said !
that tungsten made democracy pos- j
i sible "
AS JAPAN SEES IT
_
“America has some purpose in
view besides that which she openly i
states,” suspiciously remarks the
Tokyo Xipponoyobi Nipponjin.
“What is the secret purpose which
underlies American intervention?....
The policy of the Americans has
never undergone change; their eyes!
are fixed today on China, as they
have alwavs been.
l
“Americans are not singular in
having designs on China,” contin
ues the Japanese paper, “but their
activities in this direction are sur
passed by few. Japan also, it may
be confessed, harbors ambitions in
China, but these differ ‘from those'
of Western countries. . . Nothing
is farther from the mind of the Jap
anese than any intention of driving
Americans from China. Yet Japan
is a nightmare which haunts the
Americans.
“There are in Japan no states
men so harebrained as to nurse de
signs of invading America. And if
unfortunately the desire existed
Japan is too poor to carry out such
a vast undertaing.”
RUSSIAN CENSORSHIP
The Russian revolution, which
swept away so many of the instru
ments of despotism, failed to re
move that obstacle to the freedom
of the press known as the censor.
Indeed, the Petrograd Ryetch bitter
ly complains that the revolution has
thrown the Russian press “out of
the frying-pan into the fire,” and
that the new censor, responsible to
the Soviet, refuses to allow the ex
pression of any opinion of a mod
erate or reactionary nature, the ex
treme raidic-al being the only point
of view tolerated. The Ryetch, by
no means a reactionary organ writes:
“We have long suffered under
the despotism of the old regime in
the matter of the censorship con
verted into an instrument of politi
cal repression. The great revolu
tion came, but alas! it has not
brought us freedom of the press.
The old censorship is, of course,
abolished, but the Committee of
Labor and Soldiers' Delegates has
j issued a decree forbidding the ap
pearance of all reactionary papers
and applying the preliminary cen
sorship to the Xovoye Vremya. At
the same time, the committee has
informed the publishers and editors
of all newspapers and magazines
i that they must obtain a special au
thorization to produce them. What
■does this mean? We have here to
1 deal with a flagrant violation of
one of the elementary principles of
freedom. How can we begin a new
1 life if we resume the old methods
of the brutal repression of free
thought?”
Ladies in the center and gents all
around—everybody up to the bar
after each dance on Saturday night.
t
THE SOLDIER OF THE MEDICAL
«ie <je CORPS ■** ■<*
A
In this war the army surgeon is
no longer a ministering angel who
does his work in a safe place after
the fighting is over—he is a soldier,
sharing the hardships and the peri!
of the troops whom he serves. Mili
tary honors, says the Literary Di
gest, have been bestowed upon the
medical officers of France and Eng
land, in proportion to the size of the
medical corps, as freely as upon
the line officers. During three years
of war the British Medical Corps
suffered 11.667 casualities with a
death roll of 1,200. The first Ameri
cans to lay down their lives as part
of a United States force at the front
were sis medical officers and nurses
who were doing their work of mercy
in an Allied hospital when they were
struck down by bombs from German
air raiders. It was not like this in
olden wars, we are reminded by a
communication from the United
States Surgeon-General’s office. For
the casualty lists were much smaller,
there was comparatively little field
surgery, and it was much easier to
get away from the firing-zone. fn
the Civil war, we are reminded by
the spokesman for the Surgeon-Gen
eral of our army:
Little was done toward speeding
up the treatment of the wounded,
except in a few cases that came to
the attention of the army surgeon
as he rode about the battlefield in
company with mounted staff offic
ers. He would select a few of the
less serious cases, carry them to a
favorable place, and give treatment.
Only in the latter part of the war
as anything like dressing stations
or field hospitals established, and
then only when buildings near by
offered temporary shelter.
The wounded were collected at
night by both armies, instead of
during the conflict, each side by
mutual agreement allowing the other
to carry on the work unmolested.
In the present world-war agreements
of this character were attempted
in its early phases, but the few
truces arranged were krokeji by; the
Gormans and t!he Turks. Many
medical officers were killed by ma
chine-gun and rifle fire, and the
Red Cross—emblem of mercy—was
proved to offer no protection to
those who wore it.
An interesting incident that illus
trates the German attitude toward
the Medical corps is vouched for by
an American Red Cross work<y: who
has just returned from the French
front after several months of am
bulance service near first-line trench
es. After an offensive stroke, a
Red Cross ambulance was hurrying
a wounded German officer to a
field hospital. An army surgeon
was sitting behind the wounded man.
While the doctor's attention was dis
tracted. the German drew his re
volver and pointed it at the sur
geon’s head. Fortunately, the am
bulance driver divined his sinister
purpose, knocked the weapon from
the prisoner’s hand, and saved the
medical officer's life. This German
declared that his army regarded
killing a medical officer more im
portant than to slay 500 infantry
men.
The enormous casualty lists of
the present war soon convinced
military authorities that the Medical
Corps should attend to the wounded
as soon as they could be brought
[ from the scene of battle. It was
shown that the sooner a wound can
be cleaned of dirt, pieces of cloth
ing carried by the bullet, and other
foreign matter the less the danger
of infection and the greater chance
for ultimate recovery. This made it
necessary to send medical officers
with the troops going ‘over the top.’
and to establish field dressing sta
tions near the front-line trenches j
As the authority already quoted j
describes the part our newly trained .
army surgeons must play—
As soon as the advancing in
fantry has made its way across the
battle-field in the fact of terrific
gun-fire, the support troops are sent
out of the trenches. With them go
the medical officers, wearing steel I
'helmets for protection against shrap
nel. Accompanying them on their
errand of mercy are the stretcher
bearers and other enlisted men of
the Medical Corps.
Theirs is no easy task. They
must advance under the same hail
of shells that greets the men of the
line, traverse the same ground, of
ten waist-deep in mud, cross deep
shell craters, and struggle through
the same barriers of barbed-wire
entanglements. Heedless of explod
ing mines and dense waves of poison
gas, they must direct first-aid treat
men and the transportation of the >
wounded men.
After the battle the line troops
may rest. Xot so the medical of
ficer. He must continue to work
on the bleeding and broken stream
of humanity which pours into the
casualty clearing station. When all
have been cared for. he may seek
well-earned repose.
Recognizing the necessity of phy
sical and military training for the
medical officer, that he may learn
to direct the transportation of the
wounded, and realizing the need of
stamina that he may be able to
stand the fatigue of long hours,
three >, raedijaV officer*’ training
'camps have been established at Fort
Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis,
Fort Riley, Kansas, and Fort Ogle
| thorpe, Georgia, by direction of
Surgeon-General of the Army Wil
liam C. Gorgas, conqueror of dis
ease in Cuba and Panama, and the
greatest sanitarian of all time. From
these camps have been graduated
many thousand officers and men, all
of whom have had physical and mili
tary training which will fit them
to bear the same hardships as the
men of the line.
There is no piace at the front
for the medical weakling. The army
surgeon has always been given the
duty of relieving suffering, con
serving, reclaiming, and rebuilding
human life wrecked by the ravages
of warfare, and has always been
considered as a ministering agency
who worked in safe places behind
the lines after the fighting had
ceased.
The European war changed this.
He must do all the infantryman
does, and perform his professional
duties in addition. He must share
the dangers and hardships, march
as far and live under the same con
ditions as the line troops with whom
he serves. He is a soldier.
TENNIS CLUB HAS
INTERESTING MEET
A meeting of the tennis player?
of Nenana, due notice wllth ap
peared in these columns, was held
shortly after 5 p .m. yesterday and
was largely attended; the primary
purpose of the meeting being the
election of officers for the ensuing
season, and to make arrangements
for the commencement of play.
Mr. Charles H. Hall was elected
president, and Miss Jane M. Ander
son, secretary-treasurer of the club.
Messrs Ike P. Taylor and W. J.
Hubbach being appointed a com
mittee to look after the court gener
ally. The duties of this committee
will consist in seeing that the court
is kept in good repair and due ap
portionment made of the time of
play allotted to the membership, etc.
The club proposes to import, as 1
soon as possible, a stock of high j
i grade tennis balls and those desiring
to purchase a supply through the
club are requested to communicate
! with Miss Jane Anderson and let
her know their requirements along
; this line with the least possible de
lay so that an order for an adequate
supply to go around may be sent
' out at once. Those intending to
participate in the games are urged
to give this matter their immediate'
attention.
I As a large membership is desired i
all those who are interested in the J
game are invited to join the club
and any information regarding the
; club and conditions of membership,
etc., will be gladly furnished on ,
application to Miss Jane Anderson
, at the disbursing office of the Alas- '
kan Engineering commission.
| ___
j The Northern Fisheries company j
, has opened a cod fishing station j
at Kodiak.
COONEY MOTEL
Not Better Than the Best,
But Better than the Rest. ”
NENANA ..... ALASKA
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CIGARS POOL
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■VTffltACHrCBCHASrOF
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Union Hall Club Rooms
HALL FOR RENT
See Erick Nelson for Terms
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NOW IS THE TIME TO MAKE YOUR HOME COMFORTABLE
AND ATTRACTIVE
We Have In Stock A Complete Line of
WALL PAPERS AND INTERIOR DECORATIONS
In the Latest Designs
BEAVER BOARD—CRETONNES—SHEETING AND ROOFING
PAPER — FURNITURE—MIRRORS — GLASS—WINDOWS
DOORS — PAINTS — OILS AND VARNISHES
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✓
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’WSS
VAX SJ&V ICS S'.AMfS
ISSUED BY THE
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT
Salvage from
the battlefields —
The Allied armies find it very profitable
to salvage scrap from the battlefields. Great
Britain is saving millions every year from
this thrifty parctice.
If we could extend this practice to the
United States—if we saved only the waste
and needless spending of every day and put
the saving into War Savings Stamps, it
would help to win the war.
Your every saving helps the Government.
Put the small savings into U. S. Thrift
Stamps at 25 cents each; when you have
16 of them, exchange them with a few extra
pennies for a $5 War Savings Stamp.
THEY EARN MONEY
THEY SAVE LIFE AT THE
FRONT, BY HELPING UNCLE
SAM WIN THE WAR.
BUY THEM AT THE
POSTOFFICE
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