___ -.- _a___1_____
Northern Drug Co.
Do You Like
The very best Candies?
Well, we have them. I
By the Box and in Bulk
I Fresh on every boat j
Come in and try them at the
Corner Drug Store
SHELDON’S ADTOS
Five days from Chitina
to Fairbanks
Take the Automobile Line at Chitina for all
**! •
points on the Government Trail.
Fare to Fairbanks $75
. im—« ii i——n———wtu—mmmmmmammm
Cordova Power
Company
LIGHTS, WATER, PHONES
AND POWER
25 and 40 Watt Lamps.35<n
60 Watt Lamps.50c. y- '/
100 Watt Lamps.75c
250 Watt Lamps.$2.00 \
200 Watt, Gas Filled Lamps..$3.00 \
Office: FIRST STREET. ; ?
"" .. ■■■■■' ."i ■ u" ■ i ■■■ ■■*!■»— ii i <■»*»
JIIMIIlfLiillMIliillllE
AN OFFER FOR SIXTY DAYS ONLY. ^ j
575 Town Lots in Cordova. & Jj
Ranging in price from $50 up to $3000, and 600 ^ B
Town lots in Chitina from $50 to $1000. Any H
or all of them on easy, terms. B
Now is the time to buy. I
For particulars—Call on or write to ' I
geo. c. hazelet; ! I
Cordova, Alaska. Trustee and Agent* ■
_ ll!>llli:i!!!9!!!il!!!ll!a«!llUl!!li!!!l!ISIlliiyiillMllfiilUiHnnHlfflBMIBHffiiHB&^S
■** 144444444444444* > M <M444<M44< 44»
- 7 The Leading Hotel of Alaska
WINDSOR
|| = HOTEL
:: l^**"*! CORDOVA, ALASKA
... ... I Ml ... *4*4
History of the Yaquis
An Interesting Race
NOOALES, Aril., July 16—Although
the Ynqul Indians of Sonora are said
to have declared war on the United
States at least so far as American
settlers In this region are concerned—
and United States warships have been
dispatched to cope with the situation
—Information aB to the process by
which this declaration of war was
made Is still lacking. It is known that
the tribe retains a political organiza
tion. What appears to be an almost
mythical supreme chief reigns In the
hills above their valley and Is said to
direct the actions of the minor chiefs
who have taken groups of the tribe
into the Mexican warfare.
The Associated Press correspondent
during a recent trip to the west coast
with Carranza learned this and a
number of other Interesting things
concerning the Yaquls, about whom
little true material has hitherto been
published.
Although they have been In almost
constant warfare since the organiza
tion of the Mexican nation, the Yaquls
never have been fully conquered ori
won over to European civilization. But
their struggle against the advance of
civilization did not assume threaten
ing proportions until the recent revo
lutionary activities gave them mod
ern war munitions and military
training. Previously this most war
like Mexican Indian had confined him
self to guerilla fighting. Tho arming
of the Yaquls to take part in Mexico’s
domestic quarrel made possible their
more extensive military movements,
threatening not only the American
colonists in the Yaqui valley about
Quaymas, but the sovereignty of the
Mexican race along that rich portion
of the west coast.
The Yaqul region lies a few miles
inland from the Important California
gulf port city of Guaymas. The
Indians years ago lost most of their
rich agricultural lands in the valley.
Their strongholds are in the hill
country, from which strong positions
they make frequent raids on the
Mexican settlers In the valley below.
It has been only recently that their
assaults were directed against the
American settlers in the valley, who
had given the Indians profitable em
ployment as laborers.
The Yaqul was not considered an
especially dangerous neighbor until
the advent of the Constitutionalist
revolution. With the separation of
the Carranza and Villa factions a
struggle began between those two
parties in 8onora state. The Indians
already had been armed and enlisted
as troops in the Constitutionalist
army, doing the bulk of the desperate
fighting in the contests for the towns
along the Arixona-Sonora border.
TheBe Indians were considered "paei
flco,” or peaceful Yaquls. But on op
portune occasions they demanded the
return of their tribal lands, and only
would remain In the revolution service
after securing promises from the fac
tional leaders. For more than a year,
however, It has become evident that
the supposedly friendly Yaqul was
working In conjunction with his wilder
brother who had remained in the
hills. Arms and ammunition in large
quantities given to the Indians en
listed In the Constitutionalist army,
were smuggled on the backs of Yaqui
runners Into the mountain passes and
there were hidden. The enlisted In
dians would return after an insignifi
cant skirmish and demand more am
muniton. Their Mexican officers did
not dare to refuse It.
The situation became more seri
ous when Jose Maria Maytorena, the
Villa governor of the state, brought
the Yaqul troops Into northern Sonora.
Previously they had been used only
against Huerta’s federal troops about
Guaymas. Maytorena’s Yaquls took
part in the attacks on the Carranza
garrisons at Nogales, Naco and
Cananea. In former years under the
Diaz administration these Indians had
been driven into southern Sonora by
continued fighting along the Arizona
border in which they met the federal
"rurales,” Mexico's rural police which
was considered the most efficient fight
ing arm of the former dictator. The
forceful exiling into southern Mexico
of large numbers of Yaqul men had
failed to break the warlike spirit of
the race.
Rumors asserted that the Yaqul
leaders were controlling the Maytor
ena government. These were denied
officially until the more recent de
velopments showed that the so-called|
"paclflco" Yaquls were working In
conjunction with their "broncho" or
wild, brothers In their life-long at
tempt to regain the valley farming
lands now developed to a high degree
by the Amorlcan farmers. The Am
erican colonists had bought the land
from the Mexican owners, who In turn
had secured It through government or
private concessions In about the same
manner as the American Indian's ter
ritory In the United States was colon
ized and developed. The state govern
ment found Itself powerless to pre
vent the raids by the "broncho" In
dians on the American settlements
since the large proportion of Indian
troops would not permit warfare
against their hill tribesmen. This led
to the sending down the west coast
of American marines with orders to
land If necessary to save the lives of
the American settlers who though in
grave danger would not leave their
farms In fear of losing their crops
and property.
The Yaquls’ rival, but first cousin,
Is the Mayo Indian whose lands
closely adjoin the Yaqul Valley. The
Mayo though of good fighting ability
and frequently victorious over the
Yaqul tribe, is of a more peaceful in
clination and has retained by diplo
matic means some valuable farming
land. The Mayo also entered the
revolutionary struggle. Large num
bers of the Mayo braves joined the
Carranza ranks, and have been assist
ing materially in the Obregon vic
tories over the Villa army in central
Mexico. This left the Yaqul in undis
puted control In Sonora. The plan,
formerly suggested, of playing the
Mayo against the Yaqui could not be
employed since the bulk of the Mayo
fighting men had been removed.
The racial characteristics of the
Yaqul of Mexico are similar to those
of the Apache, who caused continued
warfare In the early development of
the southwestern United States. The
Yaqui is credited with direct relation
ship to the Apache. Like his northern
cousin, the Yaqui has been guilty of
all manner of brutality directed
ugainst his prisoners, and is known
to have employed modes of torture as
skillful as those of the ancient Chin
ese! Th*8 *las caused a fear of the
Yaqui which was not due entirely to
his military ability. The Yaqui was
the first Mexican tribe to become fully
armed with rifles, and to become skill
ful in their use. Other tribes along
the west coast still employ the bow
and arrow for hunting and in some
cases In fighting any alien invaders.
While retaining his tribal tongue
and savage customs, the Yaqui be
came skilled in military methods. He
kept his skilful manner of guerrilla
warfare, but adopted to a large extent
some European methods. In the at
tacks on the Sonora-Arizona border
towns the Yaqui troops made desper
ate assaults on the Carranza trenches,
charging the positions much In the
manner of the European soldier. It
had been difficult to make the Mexi
can troops do this.
The Yaqui in his natural stage of
military development had used small
drums on which he gave simple march
ing orders. These drums took the
place of the voice or trumpet, and had
the advantage by their peculiar noise
of making It difficult for the enemy
to locate the source of the sound. In
military service with hls Mexican *
neighbors the Yaqui developed a more
extensive system of drum signals, !
until his officers could command large :•
numbers of men to make all manner i
of movements. The Yaqui unlike i
other Indians always had marched in ji
military formation until deployed for j
action. Many battles were won merely :
by the noise of their Yaqui drums •:
which seemed to terrorize the enemy •:
when the sounds of the beats appeared ■:
to come from all directions. In some j:
cases a few Yaqui drummers would :•
crawl to the enemy's flanks and by $
beating out some signal make It np •:
pear that the position was being j:
surrounded.
No reliable Information Is •available '
as to the Yaqul's actual numerical
strength so varying are the reports of
the Mexican military authorities and
American settlers. But It is known
that several thousand rifles mostly of
the military model, are in the hands
of the Indians, and that large amounts
of ammunition have been obtained by
the hill tribesmen. The Yaquis man
ner of warfare, and familiarity with
the country would make most difficult.
It is believed by the valley settlers
hls complete defeat and disarmament.
Rettoration to Entry of Land* in
National Forett
Lists 6-1496,-1512,-1513,-1541.
Notice Is hereby given that the
lands described below, embracing
469.88 acres, within the Chugach Na
tional Forest, Alaska, will be subject
to settlement and entry under the pro
visions of the homestead laws of the
United States and the act of June 11,
1906 (34 Stat., 233), at the United
States land office at Juneau, Alaska. I
on August 16, 1915. Any settler who
was actually and in good faith claim
ing any of said lands for agricultural
purposes prior to January 1, 1906, and
has not abandoned qame, has a pref
erence right to make a homestead
entry for the lands actually occupied.
Said lands were listed upon the appli
cations of the persons mentioned
below, who have a preference right
subject to the prior right of any such
settler, provided such settler or appli
cant is qualified to make homestead
entry and the preference right is
exercised prior to August 16, 1915, on
which date the lands will be subject
to settlement and entry by any quali
fied person. The lands embrace a
tract of 160 acres, described by metes
and bounds as follows: Beginning at
Corner No. 1, situated on the bench
immediately north of the town of
Nlnllchic, east shore of Cook Inlet, a
post mnrked H-l whence U. S. L. M.
No. 1, bears 3. 49 deg., 45 min. W*
17.88 chs.; extending thence N. 14 de/
F„ 15.16 chs.; thence meandering east
shore of Cook Inlet 60 feet back from
line^of ordinary high tide, N. 41 deg.
E., 7.53 chs.; thence N. 28 deg. E.,
17.27 chs., to Corner No. 3; thence E.'
35.17 chs.; thence s. 36.75 chs.;
thence W. 61.82 chs., to the place of
beginning, listed upon application of
Alex Roman, Homer, Alaska; List
6-1496.
A tract of 153.60 acres, described by
metes and bounds as follows: Begin
ning at Corner No. 1 a spruce post set
in ground 60 feet distant from mean
tide line on east bank of Lakla Creek,
east shore of Cook Inlet approxi
mately V4 mile northerly from Apex
rtf A n/iKive llnlnt ... .. „ .1 it * _»
Forest Service Monument No. 10 at
Granross Creek east bank Lalda
Creek, bears N. 20 deg. E., 44 chs.;
extending thence along the east bank
of Laida Creek N. 51 deg. E„ 7 chs.;
thence N. 21 deg. E., 14 chs.; thence
N. 28 deg. E., 4.44 cha., to Corner No.
2; thence E. 66.81 chs.; thence S.
21.40 chs.; thence W. 79.27 chs., to
the place of beginning, listed upon
application of Jacob Petaja, Homer,
Alaska; List 6-1512.
A tract of 86.78 acres, described
by metes and bound; as follows. Be
ginning at Corner No. 1, Forest Ser
vice Monument (hereinafter de
scribed) bears N. 24 deg. \V„ 90 links;
extending thence along the east shore
of Forberg Bay 60 feet back from line
of ordinary high tide S. 64 deg. W.,
2.90 chs.; S. 43 deg. W„ 5.16 chs.; S.
34 deg. W„ 5.80 chs.; S. 22 deg. W„
3.33 chs.; S. 50 deg. W., 6.88 chs.; S.
46 deg. W., 6.33 chs., and S. 40 deg.
W., 9.60 chs.; to Corner No. 2; thence
8. 24 deg. E. 18.30 chs.; thence N. 68
deg. E., 36.58 chs.; thence N. 24 deg.
W., 29.56 chs., to the place of begin- ,
ning. Forest Service Monument con
sists of a post set in mound of stones
on top of bluff 10 feet above high <
tide line on east shore of Forberg Bay, ‘
marked F. S. M. H. whence Passage <
Point bears N. 7 deg, E., and Observa- '
tion Point beurs N. 48 deg. E. Listed
upon application of Peter Forberg,
Cordova, Alaska; List 6-1613.
A tract of 69.50 acres, described by
metes and bounds as follows: Begin
ning at Corner No. 1 situated on the
south shore of Boswell Bay a post
marked U-l; extending thence N.
63 deg. 45 min. E., 10.69 chs., to Cor
ner No. 2, identical with Forest Ser
vice Monument, whence Northernmost
point of Boswell Rock, a conspicuous
lone rock 80 feet high on mud flat
near south shore of Boswell Bay,
bears N. 87 deg. 30 mLn. W., 36.43
chs.; thccce N. 45 deg. E., 9;41 chs.;
thence E. 24 chs.; thence S. 26 deg.
80 min. E„ 20 chs.; thence S. 76 deg.
80 min. W., 1.59 chs.; thence W. 49.12
chs.; thence N. 7.16 chs., to the place
of beginning listed upon application of
William Boswell, Cordova. Alaska;
List 6 1541.
C. M. BRUCE,
Assistant Commissioner of tne
General Land Office.
Dated April 17, 1916.
NEW MEMBER FOR
ALASKA ROAD COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, July 14.—Major
Peter W. Davidson, Twenty-sixth In
fantry, has been appointed a member
of the board of road commissioners
for Alaska, and designated as disburs
ing officer. He will report at Valdez
on September 15 and on October 1
will relieve First Lieut. Louts A.
Kunzlg.
-:o:
FOR 8ALE
One or two good, black foxes; some
good dark ctobs foxes; also some good
mink. Harry Christie, Alaganlk.
-:o:————
Situation Wanted >
By widow lady to take charge of a
rooming house or to cook at a camp,
or roadhouse. Mrs. G. Phillips,
Chltlna, Alaska.
MAN WHO CAU8ED
EXPLOSION SUICIDES
SEATTLE, July 9.—Emil Markez,
alias Prof. Hugo Toepfel, a disgraced
German army reservist, member of
the German espionage corps in the
United States who committed Bulclde
here Tuesday, is declared to be the
man who Het off the Seattle dyna
mite explosion May 30th which shook
up the city.
Markez was run to earth by Lieut.
J. F. Sweene and British Consul
Agassiz.—Juneau Empire.
-:o:-—
SENATOR GAUSTAD MAY
BECOME JOURNALIST
Senator O. P. Gaustad, of Chatanika,
is negotiating for the purchase of the
Fairbanks Dally News-Miner, the
evening paper of that city. W. F.
Thompson, the present owner, desires
to go outside.
FOR GENERAL TEAMING, BAGGAGE
TRANSFERRED, AUTO SERVICE
COAL AND WOOD
| ALASKA TRANSFER CO. |
Cordova and Anchorage
UNEXCELLED WAREHOUSE FACILITIES
For Storing and Insuring Baggage,
Mdse, and Household Goods
I Office—EMPRESS BUILDING, CORDOVA—Phone 85 |
Northern Meat Market f
i *
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN J*
, • I
I Fi*esh Beef, Pork, Veal, Mutton |
and Provisions
| -- 1
Particular Attention and Prompt 8erv!ce Given to orderi from 'fi
MINING CAMPS, ROADHOUSES AND
INTERIOR POINTS
SMITH & GLASBRENNKR, Props. |
THE NORTHERN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY has
again to report a successful year, with marked gain*
In every direction.
The assets were increased One hundred and Thirty-five
Thousand Dollars! the resrve for the protection of Policy
holders, One Hundred and Sixteen Thousand Dollars.
Accident and Sickness Claims of *28.478.00 were paid,
and Death Claims of *33.453.00.
No death Claim has ever been disputed.
All clalniB are paid immediteiy on receipt of proofs.
Total paid to policyholders in 1914 was *116,209.26.
The Company's yearly income was increased to *415
505.00.
After paying dividends of eight per cent, to stockholders
and dividends of *32,661.24 to policyholders—
The net surplus of the Company was increased more
than seventeen per cent, over the precoeding year.
TRUE you need Life Insurance for the benefit of the
wife and children, but you waut insurance for more
than that alone.
Suppose you should get sick, er by accident you had
your hand mangled or your limbs crushed, or any of the
thousand and one mishaps which are liable to lake place
—where does an old fashioned Life Insuranc > policy axail
The Insurance for you and for everbody is the kind
that fully insures by combining all of these features.
3 in 1 is the answer
Life, Accident and Health Insurance in one policy for
one premium.
Write or phone now for full Information.
N“”e:.ZIZ. Northern Life
Occupation: Home Office, Seattle
Fill in coupon and mail to
A. E. RANSOM
Dlv. Supt. for Alaska
AEe:. A. J. Adams, Local Represen
___ tatlve, Cordova, Alaska.
..-. ...
^__ _
I"’1 ! Choice Tobiccos, Gears and
Smokers Sundries--Wholesale ;
and Retail Cigar Store
;
The
Horseshoe
POPULAR RECREATION PLACE !
Billiards and Pool*
Headquarters for the Petersen, j
Wellington, Calabash and
Garrick Pipes \_j
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INSURANCE
3 FIRE, MARINE, LIFE and ACCIDENT U
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_We represent the NIAGARA, LONDON. \\
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► We also represent the Maryland Casualty 3[
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| NORTHWESTERN REALTY 4 TRUST COMPANY f