I 7 7
^ti|lr ^rluni
BEAUTY
PARLORS
VIOLET RAY
for all treatments
Baths in Connection
Winifred Swanberg in Charge
Make Your Wants Known
Through the
Alaska Publicity
Bureau
Juneau, Alaska
If You Want to Either Hire or Be
Hired. Let Us Hear from You
Employers Will Please State Na
ture of Positions Vacant and
Wages Paid
Those Desiring Positions Will
Give Qualifications and Na
ture of Work Wanted
E. J- WHITE,
Chief of Bureau.
By Order of the Governor. ^
MEET ME AT
THE
‘ HORSESHOE’
POPULAR RECREA
TION PLACE
Where we can alwaya And our
frlenda
Finer! Billiard and Pool Ta
blee In Alaaka
B£ST GRA0E8 OF STAND
ARD BRANDS OF. CIGARS
Aunty
Keatings
“Wee
Shop”
1 —
Furnished
Rooms _
By Day or Month
Over the Northern
Drug Store
Entrance Burkhardt Way
i
| Osborne Bros.
Jewelers and
Opticians
•3 S
* WATCH REPAIRING and
| JEWELRY MADE TO ORDER
| CORDOVA. ALASKA
1
leTfomoes neap
*Yh.ey Save Wheat. ,
When, -you cat Potatoes f
do nt - '
m
U J. FOOD ADMIthJtlATlOM_
II
I
I
♦
♦ This is the* second of a series
♦ id articles on American taxa
♦ tion and war financing designed
♦ to enable tile publii to better
, ♦ under*tnnd fie- sti p• ! t ling
♦ to the adoption by congress of
♦ the great war revenu bill
♦ within the next few months.
♦ In that period congress must
♦ devise means for providing
♦ about JlM.omm.imiu.uiio to carry
♦ on the war for the coming
♦ year
♦ These articles are intended to
♦ deal with the subject in simple
♦ language, avoiding technical!*
♦ ties, partisanship or political
i ♦ bias. They will be issued from
♦ time to time and should pre
j
♦ pare the public mind to grasp
♦ the significance of the forth
♦ coming great war finance bill
♦ when it is ready tor debate in
♦ congress
:.
II • — '
| WASHINGTON'. Aug. 22—At ft
f time when Americans are thinking In
war terms of billions of dollars which
must be raised by domestic loans and
taxation it is interesting to examine
the methods employed to finance the
first American war the War of In
dependence.
The total cost of the Revolution,
not including the expenditures of the
individual states, has been estimated
at about iKO.OOO.oqo, a good deal less
: than one day's cost of the present
] war. The sum is truly insignificant
i as compared with the $24,b00.uO‘U)OO
j which will be required to finance
l America's share of the present world
] war during the coming year.
The thirteen colonies were certainly
as unprepared to strike a decisive
blow for freedom as any country pos
sibly could be. and the people handi
capped themselves at the very out
set by denying to congress the power
of levying and collecting taxes which
would have facilitated the raising of
war revenues.
The colonials could not bring them
selves to the point of giving what they
considered too muc h power to a lim
I ited group of men representing cen
I tralized government, and while con
i gross could enact legislation for an
army and navy, it could do no more
than make suggestions to the various
states regarding the manner in which
these fighting forces were to be main
tained As a result there was a great
amount of governmental confusion,
and while at least three systems of
raising revenue were* suggested, there
was no definite plan as to the way in
w hich these methods were to be ad
justed to one another
upon the Issue of bills of credit; some
foreign loans were negotiated; do
mestic loans were made and a nomi
nal sum was realized through taxes
levied by the states. The bills of
credit, however, rested upon what
proved to be an unsound basis
Within a week after the battle of
Flunker Hill authority was given for
an Issue of $2,000,000 in credit bills,
and the amount to be redeemed be
tween 1779 and 1782 was carefully
apportioned among the colonies
Other issues followed, the total issue
being about $241,520,780, but at no
time was that amount In circulation,
and seldom was it acceptable at face
value. In 1779 depreciation became
very marked, and from January to
I May of that year the value of the
bills varied from 20 to 1 to 38Vj to 1.
The domestic loans were more suc
cessful, although, with the exception
of one small loan for the purchase of
gunpowder in June. 1775, these were
not authorized until October, 1776,
nearly a year ami a half after the
beginning of the Revolution. The
failure of the bills of credit and the
paucity of the revenue being secured
v through taxation led congress to au
- ihorize the borrowing of $5,000,00(1
at the rate of 1 per cent. The lend
a ers received indented certificate!*
, which may rightfully lie considered
ilu* forerunners of the Liberty bonds
It was found necessary at a latet
period to raise the interest rate t<
! 0 per cent, but through four loans tht
amount realized was only $3,787,000
In September, 1777, the American en
voys secured the lirst loan fron
France, and that resulted in such i
stimulation of the domestic loans tha
from that time until the loan office!
were closed $7,684,000 in specie was
subscribed
Tile forH^n loans obtained by the I
struggling colonies during their war I
for independence ate* particularly in
tc resting at the present time, when
i 'It*' t State.- i- making stu b tre
mendons loan- to tit* \ iriou- allied
I countries Through benjamin Frank
j 11 Vi. (lent v c*r ncuir Mortis and others
! funds wen* obfained either in loans
oi >ubsidj( limn the governments of
France and Spain and from private
bankers in Holland France granted
subsidies cit 3.nun.mm Jjvres in l<c<
and »; mimmhmi livres in 1781 In all.
these* sums, which mas lie regarded
as gilts, amounted to $1 .!*!»*;,f>eu.
The* Fniteil States borrowed from
Fiance between 1777 and 17s:; the
total sum of v liib* Holland
loaned tie* struggling nation $1,304,
I non and Spain furnished $174,117 a
total ot $7.83o,.r#17. Nor must it be
TWO TAX HILH
forgotten that France spent at least
$0,000,000 on the army which she
sent to the* aid of the colonies.
At the beginning of 1780 -ten years
after the declaration of independence
j tiie indebtedness of the national
government was $39.3113,880. This
' was divided as follows: Foreign,;
$7,931,880; domestic loan certificates,
I $11.383.000; unliquidated certificates;
; •; inch*Vedness, $li»,708.uoo; arrears
of interest on domestic debt. $3,109.
mm. These figures arc* trivial as com
pared to those* representing the war
debt ot today, but this Indebtedness
! weighed far more heavily upon the
I people of that time than the' tromen
i duus expenditure of the present does
upon the American public- today l
It was no small matter for the co
Initials and their descendants to so
shape tiie machinery of tie* govern
ment that results could be obtained
smoothly and efficiently There were;
many ups and downs, successes and
failures, but the* foundation laid in
I those trying times is tie* foundation
I upon which til** American financial
system rests at the present time, and
it is because of the solidity of that
foundation that tie* Fnited States has
been enabled to take such an impor
I tant part in the* world struggle for
lemocracy.
-+
VALUE OF MERCHANDISE
SHIPPED FROAA ALASKA
The value of goods shpiped from
Alaska in July was $4,612,431, ac-,
! cording to the report' of ftt^Ttistoms f
office of the shipment of merchan-1
disc from Alaska for the month of
July The list of merchandise and
ils value follows;
Curios . $ 1.497
Fertilizers. 12.630
Fresh fish . 111.404
Fish. dried. smoked or
cured 32.863
Kippered herring . 16.909
l’lckled fish. 185,506
Canned salmon . 2,500,000
All other salmon. 212,074
Clams . 35.235
Canned codfish . 3,984
All other fish products ... 2,287
Furs . 101.380
Ivory . 150
Fish oil . 182,270
Copper ore . 927.579
Read ore . 5,174
Tungsten ore 8,000
Marble . 17.680
Tin ore . 7,600
Chrome ore . 8,500
Reindeer carcasses . 8,872
All other articles . 1,101
Total . $4,393,094
Articles of the growth or
manufacture of the Unit
ed States returned. 154,259
Foreign merchandise
shipped to the United
States . 65.078
Grand total.$4,612,431
---—*
OF CALIFORNIA
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug 22.—'The
production of gold in California for
1018 probably will bo 20 per cent
under that of 1017. said Fletcher Ham
, illon, state mineralogist.
While the price of gold has re
mained fixed at $20.67 an ounce, the
various factors of the cost of its pro
duction have advanced from 25 to
:100 per cent since the European war
began, according to Hamilton. Mines
have been shut down and others may
| be forced to cease operations, he said.
! When this occurs the shafts till with
I water and the equipment rapidly de
t**rforateM, thus caiinin^ a mun* neri
oim Hituutlon than th«* decrease in
productjnn attendant upon a r e lation
ol mining, he asserted
" I he problem is to find some "a>
'.hereby the government ran help ale
sorb the gold miners ln. oo. ll.mol
ton said. Ilonnses and .1 rai e in the
price of gold had been considered, lie
said.
The state mining bureau, aieord
ing 10 the stale mineralogist. 1- gii
ng attention to the appeal of Seen j
I ary of the Truasiiry William <1 Me
\iloo for maintenance of gold prodoe
ion which is urged to help the (Tilted
States to maintain a big reserve
Following are the figures on gold
production during the past three
years:
1915—$22.442,21U>
19115—221.410,741.
1917—220.087.504.
_ A.
GEN. RICtjARDSON GIVEN j
COMMAND AT THE FRONT
A communication received from
Washington says that General W R
Richardson, formerly president of the
Alaska board of road commissioners,
has "either sailed or is about to sail !
for overseas as the commanding of-,
finer of a brigade in the Thirty-ninth
division of the National army.' It
says that, the Thirty-ninth divisions
has arrived ut "an Atlantic port” for
embarkation. It had been stationed!
at Fort Burogard, La
The communication spoke of Gen.
Richardson's "burning desire to get
in service at the front '
General Richardson was trans
ferred from the Alaska road com
mission at his own request last fall.
He asked for the change because ho
felt that the place for a soldier was
at the front The day after Christmas
he was placed in command of the
depot brigade at Camp Lee. Refers
burg, Va Here he made a notable
record, but he soon requested to be
attached to a permanent brigade so J
that he could take it to France and I
lead it In battle after training it for !
service. He has been assigned to the
Thirty ninth division at Fort lieau-J
regard, and with it has been ordered,
to France.
-«
Your eyes fitted Compound and
stigmali. lenses replaced See Os
borne.A
Inf the Up-To-Date Home 1
The Model Method of Coffee Making Furnishes 1
Delicious Full-Flavored Coffee Conveniently Made.
Dsy after day coffee of the same grade and even delicious quality may
be served at the table with the least amount of trouble and delay. The '
genuine pleasure and advantages of serving belter coffee prepared
electrically is daily coming to be enjoyed in many more progressive homes.
UNIVERSAL
, Electric Coffee Percolators
The difference in boiled coffee and that prepared is UNIVERSAL
P areola loo ia at once apparent by in rich, full aatnfying flavor. The
UNIVERSAL system of percolating which freely circulates the water
thru the coffee completes the process before the water boils and extracts
only the^healthful nourishing properties of the coffee berry. ^
C—h aai ia year hi i»nSntii| _ AA u say kdi ysa sat*la bn.
Alaska Public Utilities I
>i—. ' -i —!
For Fairbanks and Interior Points
Travel via Sheldon Auto Stage Line, the pioneer auto
line on the Chitina-Fairbanks trail. Carrying F. S. mail
and assuring patrons the very l>est auto service to Fair
banks obtainable. For further particulars call on or ad
dress communications to
ROBERT E. SHELDON
Owner and Manager, Chitina, Alaska
-1
Would You Help?
Time Is Precious
3HMSS
War has a way of driving on with
out regard to the desires or
conveniences of the
individual.
....This is no time for hesitation....
If you are going to do your part to bring
victory nearer, you must get started.
The Government wants what your
! money will buy—and wants it before it
is too late to be of use in this war.
Join a War Savings Society. Decide now
| to cut down the unnecessary things and
lend what you save to the Government.
Vw55| 1)0 ,v>'" i'wsli]
mm SAVINGS STAMPS r>~ VAR SAVINGS STAMPS
IIIIIUIVTHI [ 111 I IMUEDEYTHE
UNITED STATES UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT