_j
WASHINGTON. June 10.—West
and East are meeting daily in the
Orient, where American built loco
motives connect at Kalgan on the
border of Mongolia with caravans from
the far-interior of Asia.
Steel rails have broken the arti
ficial boundary of the Great Wall of
China, which remains only a relic of
the past, while long trains go puffing
through a tunnel underneath, bearing
to the sea priceless furs, rugs, wool
and turquoise, and to the interior the
manufactured products of the United
States and other foreign nations.
The story of railroad development
in the Orient and the possibilities open
there to American enterprises are set
forth in a series of reports to the
bureau of foreign and domestic com
merce, by Frank Rhea, formerly con
nected with the Pennsylvania railroad
and the General Electric Company,
who recently returned from a tour as
special agent through China, Japan
the Philippines, New Zealand and Au
stralia.
In all China there are only 6,500
miles of railroad, of which 3,700 miles
are Chinese government lines. Most
of the railroad development has been
in north and central China. All ex
cept one of the government lines are
American type, of the standard foui
feet, eight and one-half inch guage,
and on the line to Kalgan, which
pierce farther into the interior than
any other, 60 of the 66 locomotives are
American-made giant Mallett com
pound engines, each with a tractive
effort of 88,000 pounds, parallel th(
Great wall to Ohing-Lung-Chian, then I
pass beneath it until they meet the
east-bound caravans of camels, gaily
caprisoned Mongol horses and the
queer camel-drawn carts of Mongolia
at Kalgan, which is one of the strang
est and greatest markets of the world.
Japan has about 6,000 miles of rail
road, which cost $90,000 a mile to
build through the steep mountains of
Nippon. All of it is government
owned and organized on a military
basis, like German roads, each em
ploye having distinct rank and being
responsible to his superiors like a sol
dier. Many electric linos are being
built In Japan. Locomotives and elec
trical equipment have been purchased
from the United States, but freight
and passenger cars have been bought
largely in England or built at home,
i because the roads are of three feet,
! six inch gauge. The .Japanese gov
ernment is considering widening the
j railroads to standard guage as a mill
| tary measure, at a cost equal to the
original construction.
In the Philippines, American equip
j ment has been used except on the isl
j and of Luzon, where the railroads
were built by British capital. All the
roads are organized on the English j
system. In the hill country of the!
| islands where official society spends
j the hot season, American motor bus
| ses are used.
Australia and New Zealand havej
; followed their mother country in build-j
ing railroads. A peculiar feature of
the Australian roads is that, in the
total of 24,000 miles, there are three
different gauges, and in only one in
stance do any two states have con
necting lines of the same gauge. A
traveler from Brisbane to Perth must
change cars eight times.
The disadvantage of different track
widths in the Orient was strikingly il
lustrated when there was talk in Japan
of undertaking operations against the
Germans in Russia. In discussing
plans it was brought out that the rail
road from Port Arthur and Dairen,
which the Japanese forces probably
would use to reach Chang Chun, the
connecting point with the transconti
nental line, is five feet three inches
wide. Trains cannot be transferred;
from one line to the other and in any :
operations there would be much lossj
! time in unloading and loading
I equipment. |
Great difficulty also was experi
enced in adapting for American use
locomotives manufactured in this!
country for shipment to the Russians
in Vladivostok, but which- werc^ft;ftf 1
here when peace was concluded with'
Germany.
America’s best opportunities for the
sale of railroad and electrical equip
ment in the Orient were found by Mr.!
Rhea to be in China, which has less'
equipment per mile of railroad than
any other nation in the world. The
Chinese roads earn about $15^,000 gold
per mile, as much as the American
roads, which they are enabreil to do
through greater efficiency in handling
their meager amount of rolling stock.
The cycle of use of freight cars is
about six days, as compared with fif
teen days in America. Demurrage is
fixed at $10 for every twelve hours of
daylight, so there is no delay in un
loading. Japan in the future prob
ably will be more of a competitor
than a customer of the United States,
owing to the tremendous Industrial
expansion in progress there. Much of
their raw material still will be pur
chased from the United States, but
an even greater amount will be ob
tained in China, Korea, and Manchu
ria, where Japanese capital Is devel
! oping rich coal and iron deposits,
j Abundant and cheap coolie labor Is
' available. Extension of railroads in
the Philippines will be limited by the
small size of the islands, compared
with other countries. England prob
ably will continue to supply her east
ern colonies with the bulk of their
railroad purchases.
HU CllMIHG
IIP III DM USB
In a majority of Alaska to\ms there
is great activity in making Victory
gardens. In many Instances owners!
of vacant lots have turned over gratis;
the land to persons on which to raise
vegetables during the war. Radishes,!
rutabagas, turnips, potatoes and let-|
tuce do well in Southeastern Alaska,
I
and the little “war gardens” which
are to play sn Important part in win
ning this world’s war are to bo seen
everywhere.
-•
Quality talks. Smoke an El Rol
Tan Cigar and be convinced; they are
mild. t;
-♦
For real lemon pies—the American
Bakery. Next door to the Modern
Laundry.
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r'A■-- —■- —■■■' ' ... - - —
— Howard and Hamilton Watches —
Railroad Grade and Best Timepieces Made
Alarm Clocks from $1.75 to $4.00
L ow Glasses, in Smoked and Amber, from 50c to $1.50
PAUL BLOEDHORN
PHONE 43 JEWELER AND WATCHMAKER
j Alaskan Hotel j
P GOTTSCHALF & TERRELL, Proprietors g.
f THE BEST EQUIPPED HOTEL IN
ALASKA " 1
:>: y.
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-!
Little
Americans
Do your bit
Eat Corn meal mush*
Oatmeal- Corn, flakgs
Hominy and rice with
milKi Eat no wheat cereals.
Leave nothing on your plate.
Unitio STATES FOOD ADMINISTRATION
«
The Life of America
In The Future Depends Largely
Upon The Frugality Of
Her People
We Offer You—
SECURITY
SERVICE
SATISFACTION
INTEREST ON SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
COMPOUNDED TWICE
A YEAR
The First Bank
of Cordova
RESOURCES OVER $700,000.00
Established 1909
Mr. Business Man—
Our JOB PRINTING DEPARTMENT is com
letely equipped with the latest and most up
to-date type faces—How about your order?
Our prices are RIGHT—Better call us up.
Cordova Daily Times
1 —11 . —__
Built for the North
where the going is hard and
man must take care of his feet.
No boot in the world can /r-—-_r
gwe such wear and comfort as \
ions are unanimous—more wear than ' ‘ 1
One SOLID PIECE OFRUBBER ^
THE B.F. GOODRICH MA