THE ANCHORAGE WEEKLY TIMES
ANCHORAGE PUBLISHI NG CO., PUBLISHERS.
CHAS. E. HERRON.
President
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CITIZEN SOLDIERS.
In a tilth' like the present, when the nation is sweeping all
its sons into mas-ive formation for one purpose—the winning
of the war—-it might he thought that the individual would he
lost sight of entirely. There is a sort ot universal belie! that
armv life tends to eliminate the individuality ot its members;
that soldiers trained to obedience gradually lose their habit ot
thinking for themselves.
A regular army in times of peace might develop this mass
form of mind. Soldiers doing routine duty, with no great
purpose in view and with no need to speculate on their needs
for tomorrow, occupied with no warlike preparations and hav
ing little opportunity of taking part in the activities ot social
government, might naturally grow careless of tin* bigger tilings
of life and become dulled to the significance of original think
ing.
But a patriot army is a diticrcnt matter. 1 he thousands
of voung mi'ii who have rushed to cantonments take with them
to the routine of camp life a lively sense* of responsibility. ’1 heir
blood is stirred by patriotic impulses. 'They bring to the du
ties of the soldier the personal (pialities of the self-supporting
citizen. The\ do not become soldiers ot lortune, hut lighting’
patriots whose whole hieing is set to the purpose ot conquer
ing the arts of war for the purpose's of pe*ace. The*y have* none
of the* ambitions of the conqm*ror. Outside of the* forces ot
the central power-, and not all of the*se. the1 dominant spirit e>t
all the armies, as of the* governments engaged, is one* ot hatred
for war.
For the* first time in the history of the world ditteremt na
tions are* joine'd in a general revolution for freedom. \\ hat lias
happened innumerable times within nations is now happening
on a world scale. The greatest armies the world has known
are* in the held, lighting to the death without one* thought of
material gain. ( hi the contrary, these armies are fighting un
der the avowed intention of claiming no materia! benefits for
their sacrifices of means ami life.
In such an army and with such ideals the* individual sol
dier will not and, as all repeirts from the*m prove*, elot's not lost*
his identity either in thought or action. ()n the* contrary, he is
living the* most active1 of intellectual live*s. In camps In* has
as much instruction in hooks, in he*alth regimem, in individual
self-expression as in routine* military duty. lie must obey or
ders, but he* must also think about himself, his habits and what
he is enlisteel for. He must aho ke*ep in mind that his occupa
tion is not for life, hut only for the duration of hostilities.
Such is the* spirit of our present armies. Out of such en
deavors, for such righteeuis aims and with sue*h enviremmeuts
there cannot hut conn* hack to civil life* a greatly improved,
streiigtheneel and ennobled e*itiz«*nry. The* modern soldier in
the allied armies is being trained for the* highest purpose's of
peace which will he* lasting.
PSYCHOLOGY OF WARMTH.
Tlioiv is a remote chance that tie* ]u*<>)»i«* of the indicated
oast might find consolation in an article by a German profes
sor in the Frankfurter Zcitung, who contends that the practice
of heating dwellings P> a temperature of 70 decrees Fahrenheit
is the result of centuries of slothful ease. ile advocates a re
turn to tin* customs of tin* barbaric tribesmen who inhabited
the Traimrhenie country before tie* Christian era. In design
ing their costumes of skins and furs they took no account of
the searching qualities of wintry gales. When they sal around
the feeble blaze in their ) ude huts the temperature of tine by
hie; rooms was not much limber than that of out-of-doors.
Travelers who have visited the tribesmen in the Andean
plateaus of South America have expressed wonder at the hard
ihood of certain natives. Give an Andean native a blanket to
wrap about his head and shoulders, and he cares nothin!*1 about
his bare legs which stick out into the snow. From long (expos
ure to wintry gales on the high platoons ,tho natives have ac
quired an epidermis which seems impervious to cold.
The trouser-wearing population of the temperate zone have
gazed with admiration at the hardy Scot whose bare knees
show beneath his kilt. Fold weather appears to have little
effect on the piper who is devoting his attention to keeping
the instrument inflated, or on the drummer who is attacking
his drum like a storm of hail. It gives cause for wonder if the
necessity for a good deal of the clumsy clothing which we wear
on cold days does not exist only in our imagination.
The fuel administrator appears to have taken official no
tice of the fact that most dwellings arc* too warm. He has sug
gested 68 degrees, instead of the usual 70 or higher, as the
proper temperature for the home. Possibly, after the 08-degree
rule has become a fixd habit, it would not be difficult to lop
off another degree or two. Finally wo would return to the
healthful lives of the barbaric tribes that once roamed over
Europe, or. for that matter, over our own continent.
PORTLAND TO RAISE
$50,000 FOR TROOPS
PORTLAND, Or., Feb. 9.—Port
land’s campaign for a fund of $50,000
to finance war camp community work
now is in full swung. The money will
be used to further the national war
work under Young Women’s Christian
assocition auspices. The hostess houses
at Camp Lewis, Vancouver Barracks
and Bremerton, and Portland’s club
and recreation room for soldiers and
sailors will be the chief beneficiaries.
The plan of war workers here is to
secure two floors of a building with
central location, probably at Fourth
and Washington streets, which will
be fitted up for welcoming officers and
men.
At Vancouver Barracks the hostess
house is rivaling the Young Men’s
Christian association headquarters in
popularity with enlisted men.
RUSSIA SAID TO
HAVE SETTLED
WITH TEUTONS
PEACE DELEGATES AT BREST
REPORTED TO HAVE DECIDED
“STATE OF WAR” ENDS.
MUSCOVITES ARE DEMOBILIZED.
New Republic of Ukrania Is Declared
to Have Obtained Large Part of
Galicia and to Have Secured Loan
From Germany.
LONDON, Feb. 12. — Dispatches
from Brest, in Litovsk province, Rus
sia, declare the commissions repre
senting Germany, Austria and Russia
at the peace conference there have
agreed that “the state of war has end
ed” and that the Maximilist ministry
at Petrograd yesterday ordered the
demobilization of the Russian forces
on all fronts.
It is declared, however, that the
Russian representative at Brest has
not yet signed the formal peace
treaty.
The correspondent of the London
Times at Stockholm, Sweden, says
that the new republic of Ukrania re
cently formed from a part of south
western Russia, in making peace with
Germany and Austria obtained from
Austria a large part of eastern Gal
icia. The rada, or ministry, of Uk
rania, will also receive a large loan
from Germany to be secured by min
eral lands in Ukrania. These land
will be held and developed by Ger
many until the loan is paid. A large
part o ' the loan will be in the form
of German goods, instead of money.
WAR REG 1'RATIONS PREVENT
NATIVES FROM SPORTING IN
HONOLULU HARBOR.
HONOLULU, T. H„ Feb. 12.—
Tourists arriving at Honolulu will
no longer be greeted by what has for
very many years been one of the novel
attractions of the port. The “swim
ming boys” have ben put out of busi
ness by the war.
Tic territorial board of harbor
cor. missioners has adopted a new
set of rules and regulations for the
harbor, intended to obviate the dan
ger of fire or explosions that might
b( caused by enemy aliens. One of
these rules is that there shall be no
swimming in the harbor, except with
in fifty yards of the three boat club
1) ;uses.
Heretofore every incoming steamer
from the coast or from the orient has
been met by a “school” of young Ha
waiian boys who would swim out to
meet the vessel and then, sporting
like porpoises, accompany it to the
dock. It has been the custom of the
tourists to toss coins over the side
for the boys to dive for, and rarely
has it happened that any thin dime
sank so far that it could not be re
covered by one of the divers.
TUSCANIA’S VICTIMS
IS PLACED AT 113
POPULACE OF BELFAST GIVES
GREAT RECEPTION TO SUR
VIVORS OF DISASTER.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 9.—One hun
dred and thirteen soldiers were lost
when the troop transport Tuscania re
I cently was torpedoed in the waters of
the European war zone by German
submarine.
Trawlers are searching for bodies
of victims of the disaster, but it is not
i regarded as very likely that any more
will be found.
Between 100 and 200 American sold
iers, survivors of the disaster, reach
j ed Belfast, Ireland, today and were
j met by the band of the Royal Irish
| regiment. As the survivors, escorted
by the band, marched through the
streets to hotel quarters they were
cheered by the populace.
•
TUSCANIA LIST
IT 345 NON
MORE THAN 100 HAVE BEET
WASHED ASHORE AT VARIOUS
PLACES ON IRISH COAST.
MISSING ARE LISTED AS LOS1
Revised Report of Casualties Sho\
No Alaskans Among Them, Bu
Names of Many from Washingtoi
Are on Roll.
WASHINGTON, D. C., Feb. 12.
! Three hundred and forty-five Ameri
i con soldiers, who were among thos<
on the transport steamship Tuscani;
when she was torpedoed recently ii
■ the waters of the European war zoir
by a German submarine, are now list
ed as dead. The bodies of more thai
100 have been washed ashore on tin
Irish coast. The others are missing
and as all the survivors have report
ed, the missing are regarded a
among those that were lost at sea.
A revised list of the casualtie
shows no Alaskans among them. Th
names of many soldiers who enlistee
in Washington and Oregon are on th
fatality roll.
PORTLAND MAKES
THREE FOLD DRIVI
SEVENTY-FIVE THOUSAND I)OL
LARS WILL HE RAISED FOR
VARIOUS ACTIVITIES.
PORTLAND, Or., Feb. 12. — Firs
returns from the three-fold drive fo
$75,000 to be raised in this city fo
the national war council of the Younj
Women’s Christian association, th
war department commission on train
ing camp activities and the expense
of the local Young Women's Christia
association, showed here that the re
sponse will be ample. For each o
the three purposes, $25,000 is desirei
and contributors to the fund may spe
cify for what purpose their subscrip
tions are to be spent.
More than 200 workers opened th
campaign, following a banquet a
which L. C. Gilman, general in com
mand, explained the methods of at
tack. Robert J. Reed, of Kansas City
western district manager of the Fi?
dieff commission, explained the wa
work.
“The United States has raised a
army of one million men, financed th
war, and designed the Liberty motoi
all in a year, but it takes 21 years t
raise a boy,” Reed declared. “No sac
rifice is too great if it will save on
of the boys.
The hostess house at Camp Lewi
and Vancouver Barracks and a head
quarters to be established in this cit;
‘for visiting soldiers and sailors wil
benefit from the present money-rais
ing campaign.
DEATH TAKES NOTED
FOOTBALL PLAYEF
DEMISE OF BEEF WHEELER RE
CALLS PASSING OF MANY
OF PRINCETON STARS.
SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Feb. 12.
With the death of Arthur L. “Beef
Wheeler, the entire left side of the lin
of Princeton’s famous championship
football team of 1893 has been ealle
by death. Harry Brown, end rush an
Angustus F. Holly, left tackle, hav
been dead for a number of years
Wheeler played at left guard. A clas
mate and team mate of Wheeler wh
lives in this city says:
“Wheeler was one of the most pow
| erful men that ever graduated fror
Princeton. He weighed 210 pound
when in condition and the outstanc
ing of his game was his remarkabl
speed. It was no unusual thing to se
Wheeler break through his opponent’
defense and get down the field on
kick in advance of his ends and mak
{the tackle of the men of the man re
I ceiving the ball. He played throug
' his four years in college and I do nc
J remember that he ever was taken ou
of the game for any reason.”
;^*KS*SK*aS*ffiffiS*ffiSS!fiK!raSKSSS***aaa**M
LANG RANGES IXL HEATERS
NEWTON
RIFLES
Ammunition
HORSE BLANKETS AND HARNESS
DOG COLLARS, TOWLINES AND WHIPS
HARDWOOD PLANKS FOR SLEDS.
HOCKEY SKATES, ASH AND PINE SEIIS.
SIMONDS SAWS AND BROAD AXES.
BOB SLEDS YUKON SLEDS
CHIEF EXECUTIVE, IN ADDRESS BEFORE JOINT SES
SION OF CONGRESS, REITERATES THAT UNITED
STATES WOULD PUT FORTH WHOLE STRENGTH
IN WAR FOR WORLD DEMOCRACY
f
I WASHINGTON, I). C., Feb. 12.—
President Wilson in an address late
yesterday afternoon before a joint
3 session of congress, answered the re
t cent so-called peace speeches of For
- eign Minister Czernin, of Austria, and
Chancellor George von Hertling, of
’ Germany.
The president declared that the
speech of Minister Czernin was very
^ frinedly in tone, that he seems to see
clearly the fundamental elements es
sential to peace and that he does not
try to obscure them.
The president said that Chancellor
a von Herlting’s speech was vague and
confusing, that it leads practically to
no conclusion and that it is entirely
different in tone than that of Minis
ter Czernin.
71
] M hole Strength in War.
The chief executive reiterated the
United States would put forth her
whole strength in the war, which he
characterized as a struggle . for the
emancipation of democracy". He said
fere with European affairs and that
she would disdain to take advantage
of any international weakness or dis
order to impose her will on any people.
The president declared that the test
- whether it was possible for the bellig
’’ j erents to continue comparing views
? ; was simple and obvious, and that in
j : any such comparison of views the
1 United States would adhere to the fol
] I lowing principles:
e | That every part of the final settle
ment must be based upon essential
? I justice in order to bring about per
o | manent peace.
That the inhabitants of provinces
- and countries must not be bartered
n like chattels to establish a balance of
s power.
That territorial settlements must be
e 1 arranged so as to give all possible sat
e isfaction to inhabitants of the affected
s territory.
3 War Must Continue.
e | The president said that every one,
- | except the German military authori
n ! ties, accepted these general principles,
t! and that the war must continue until
t j their acceptance by the central pow
i ers makes positive a permanent peace.
Comment last night and today on
the president’s address shows that it
has the approval of the great major
ity of national legislators.
Senator Hiram Johnson, republican,
of California, said that he believes the
speech fittingly expresses America’s
ideas and that it brings the world
nearer to peace.
Senator James A. Reed, democrat,
of Missouri, subjected the president’s
address to some criticism. The senu
i
tor declared the chief executive should
have declared for the dissolution of
the Austrian-Hungarian empire into
its various racial components.
GOVERNMENT INTENDS TO KEEP
CLOSE TRACK OF VESSELS
IN COASTWISE TRADE.
SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 12.—Col
lector of Customs Davis at this port,
announced today that ail vessels in the
Pacific coast trade hereafter must ob
tain special permits before clearing
from any ports. #
The order is designated to enable
the government to obtain an accurate
estimate on the number of vessels and
their carrying capacity in the coast
wise service.
WILSON TO CONFER
WITH ALL SENATORS
PRESIDENT WILL DISCUSS WITH
LEGISLATORS BILL INCREAS
ING HIS P O W E R S.
WASHINGTON, D. C., Feb. 12.—
President Wilson told senators who
called at the White House today that
this week he will request republican
i and democratic senators to meet him
jin conference to discuss the bill, now
! pending in the senate, giving him full
power to act in all matters in connec
tion with the war.
The measure has aroused the op
position of many senators, particular
ly of some of the leading republican
senators.