ALGIERS IN
VII
K'fTREME HEAT COMMON TO
SATES IS NOT KNOWN IN
1C ROI’K AN BATTLE ZONE.
FILL WEATHER PLEASANT.
Ihlis Is :>00 Miles Farther North
I Than Anv Part of American l nion.
; >ut Climate Is Similar to That of
acific Coast Region.
jVASHINGTON, D. C., March SO.—
American soldiers on the battle fronts)
lVj France will probably escape our
American torrid hot spells of summer
atl
vt!
io;
J
our blizazrdy winters, extremes of |
licit and cold in France being less se-!
They may expect however per-,
s of sustained cold in the trenches, !
1 of the moist, penetrating charac
peculiar to the continental climate;
northern Europe, but in general no j
startling change from weather con
difons at home.
An exhaustive study of the subject |
•br fT.eston C. Day, chief of the eli-j
matological division of the weather
bu eau. shows that winter in northern
France is not so sever from the stand-.
po nt of low temperatures, but there
is a constancy of moderately cold
we ither which is not usually expcri-,
en< ed in the United States. Rather Io*\ ,
temperatures sometimes occur there,
• h'rt extremity of cold weather as
has been experienced this winter, in
the United States, is unknown. The !
oddest weather of record in Northern ,
roni about zero.
1- ranee ranges
Fahrenheit, to 10 degrees below.
Summer Is t ool.
Summer in northern France is cool,
#as c<# i pa red with mn.-t of the United
States, the average temperature for
July and August, the warmest months,
being 63 to 65 degrees, even lower
than along our northern border. Mod
erately hot weather sometimes occurs,
b\|t extremely high temperatures,
such as occasionally are experienced
inj much of the United States, are un
known in France. Temperature as
high as 100 never has been reported in
France, while in the United States 1 no
to 110 degrees ’nave occurred gener
ally.
With the transition from winter to
spring the rapid wanning up, familiar
to residents in most sections of the
United States, is not so noticeable in
France, the average temperature for
^March being only 2 to 4 degrees high
er then for February. April and May
are moderately cool and not unpleasant
^dj| igth of the day increases mud,
more rapidly than in most sections of
the United States, and there is a cor
respondingly large increase in the
amount of sunshine, while rainfall is
comparatively light, although occurr
ing rather frequently.
|The summers are pleasant as com
pared with much of the United States.
th<* day temperatures being mostly
moderate and the nights cool. Oc
casional iy hot weather is experienced
bu tile heat is not so excessive and
th seated periods are usually of short
du ad on.
Full also is usually pleasant, es
pr ,.1'y in September and October.1
^ T1 ^ infall usual; it.comes hea\ier.
ho . r.
T (> battlefronts of France lie in a
latitude north of the United States.!
Pari.- is farther north then any point
in the United States, being 500 miles
nearer the North Pole than Chicago.
Along the northern coasts of France i
temperatures are very similar to those
^ of r.% r northern Pacific coast, the!
monthly average at Dunkirk, Franc",
and Seattle, Washington, being id. n
tical for nearly half the months of the;
year and differing only slightly for
other months.
\ot considering the higher moun
tains, rainfall in the eastern half of
the United States, especially in the
south, is much greater then in France.
Ci .npmed with Paris, the average
raiulm.ll at Chicago is one and one-half
times as large; at New York, more
than twice a. large and at New Or
leans, nearly three times as large.
‘Over the lowlands of northed |
* i
France snow is fairly frequent anii
may be expected from November to
April, inclusive, although it rarely at
tains any considerable depth on the
ground. At the higher elevations of
eastern and southern France, particu
larly in the mountains bordering 01
Germany where the winters are long
and cold, snowfall is more frequen
and much heavier.
FIFTY-FIVE DEPUTY SHER
IFFS OF GENTLER SEX.
NEAR EVERY CANTONMENT.
Feminine Officers Keep Close \\ atch
on Amusement Places and See That
Maidens Around Military Camps
Are Not Led Astray.
WASHINGTON, I). C., April 1.—
The war department has established
a woman police force.
With more than a million and a half
men already in khaki, and millions
more awaiting the call to the colors,
the war department has turned to the
so-called weaker sex for assistance in
disposing of a vital wartime problem.
Thousands of young women have
gone to the vicinity of the military
camps. To see that these girls are
protected from dangers, the depart
ment’s commission on training camp
activities has appointed lifty-tive wo
men deputy sheriffs to do scouting
and natrol work. In all Darts of the
country the women are on duty under
the supervision of especially estab
lished girls’ protective bureaus.
Girls actually resident in the vicin
ity of the camp are protected. Run
aways are restored to their parents,
and amusement places are scrutinized
carefully. The work offers an oppor
tunity for the officer to exercise dis
cretion, sympathy and a knowledge of
human nature that particularly are
her own.
These women are trained sociologi
cal workers and so peculiarly equip
ped for efficient service. Their duties
are intensely personal in character
and are concerned chiefly with indi
viduals. Although co-operating close
ly with the military authorities and
local police, they wear no uniform,
badge or distinguishing mark of any
kind.
“Often,” says Miss Maude Miner,
chairman of the committee on protect
ive work for girls, “the women pro
tective officers find girls in the vicin
ity of the camps who are attracted
by the presence of the uniform. Some
of these are girls who have answered
advertisements and who arrive in
camp cities with insufficient funds;
others are runaways from their homes
in nearby cities and country towns.
A girl resident of the town, who is
disposed to resist discipline, is taken
to her home by the woman officer and
her mother warned of her danger. The
women officers also visit nearby
amusement places to discover young
gilds who seem to need protection and
to see that local ordinances are
obeyed.”
EXAMINATION ON MAY 4.
Stenographers and Typewriters .ire
Wanted by Government.
The United States civil service com
mission announces that a stenograph
er and typewriter examination will be
held at Anchorage, Alaska, for the
field service on May 4, 1018. The age
limit is 18 years or over on the date of
the examination.
The government is urgently in need
of stenographers and tyepwriters both
in the departmental service (Washing
ton, i). C.) and in the field.
Persons desiring to take this exam
ination should apply at once for ap
plication blanks and information to
Edward T. Lindner, local secretary,
board of civil service examiners at the
Anchorage, Alaska, post office, or to
the secretary, eleventh United States
civil service district, .‘508 post office
building, Seattle, Washington.
Head the .Anchorage Tmcs.
TO 10 IRK
COALINGA, CALIFORNIA, PRO- 1
VIDES FUND TO TAKE CARE
OF MONEY REQUESTS.
MONTHLY INCOME IS $3,000
Red Cross Donations and Subscrip
tions to Libery Bonds Are Paid
Out of General Treasury Voluntar
ily Maintained.
COALINGA, Cal., April 1.— Drives
and campaigns for war charities are a
thing of the past in Coalinga, and yet
every war charity requiring support i
can get it, as the result of a system i
| of community war work financing put
! into operation here some time ago. It I
is said to have proved a great success. |
The Coalinga Chamber of Com- j
merce appointed an organization com-1
mittee, which received a pledge from j
every person in the community having
i an income of earning wages that such
! person would give one per cent of each
: month’s earnings or income to general
war relief, and let the committee ap
portion the amounts.
Seventeen hundred pledges, with an
income of $3,000 monthly, were secur
I ed within a relatively short time, and
the committee announced it would
continue its work until every available'
person had been pledged.
A minimum pledge of one dollar a
month was fixed, the committee taking]
the position that one who could not af
ford to pledge that sum could not af
' ford to pledge anything.
The first disbursement from the
fund was to the Red Cross. A year’s
! dues in the Red Cross was paid for
each person who had joined the com
munity fund plan, thus relieving the
Red Cross of making a local drive, and
preventing a needless duplication of
effort.
j
The committee announced that it
would care for proper demands from
, the Young Men’s Christian association
and the Young Women's Christian as
sociation, the Knights of Columbus,
and any other organizations working
for the benefit of soldiers and saiolrs
in the same way. and would apportion
its receipts as the community deemed
best and work aided seemed to war
rant.
Local charities will be cared for
during the war from a fund raised
by a charity ball, thus preventing so
licitation for such purposes.
If any surplus remains when peace
is declared, it will be paid to the Red
Cross, as a continuing activity.
The machinery which operates the
community work will be used to help
the government in any drives for
further Liberty loans or other proper
activities not covered by the fund it
TOTAI. ECLIPSE OF SUN.
Scientists Will Visit Montana to Ob
serve Phonoinenum June 8.
i LOS ANGELES, Cal., March 30.—
Scientists from the southwest are pre
: paring to visit Montana early in June,
in order to be in the southwestern part
I total eclipse of the sun which will oe-1
: cur then.
Prof. \V. S. Adams of the Carnegie
, observatory on Mount Wilson, near
| here, will be the leader of the expedi
j * ion, which will include a number of
I astronomers and mathemeticians from
the Mount Wilson and Echo mountain
observatories, and a number of Los j
'Angeles and Pasadena men who are;
! interested. The scientists plan the trip
i because they believe conditions for
1 observation in Montana will be more
j favorabel than elsewhere.
Elaborate preparations for making
ja photographic record of the eclipse i
I are in progress. It is said the eclipse I
| will not last more than two minutes |
| at anv point, and will complete its !
i
i path over the United States in forty!
seven minutes.
Pike’s Peak, Coolrado, will b^ an-'
other favorable point for observ ion,
the astronomers say, and it is report
ed that several hundred scientific men
will view it from that point. j
PRIESTS ANI) MEMBERS OF OR
GANIZATION IN UNI T E I)
STATES FORM ASSOCIATION.
SEEDS FINANCIAL HELP.
Purpose of Society Is to Create High
Spiritual and Social Ideals and to
Stimulate Interest in United States
Institutions.
NEW YORK, April 1.—With a view
:o Americanizing the priests and
nembers of the Russian church in this
country and to counteracting the ef
fect of the Bolsheviki doctrines, the
association of the citizen clergy of the
’astern holy orthodox church of Am
erica has been incorporated at Albany,
New York.
The purposes of this action, accord
ing to Rev. Ingram N. W. Irvine, I).
D., head of the English department oi
the Russian church, was, “to unite
dergy and laity more closely; to
further the interests of the church
among the Russians and other nation
alities holding a similar doctrine in
America; to encourage American citi
zenship among clergy and laity; to se
cure necessary financial assistance; to
create high spiritual and social ideals
among the laity; to stimulate interest
in American schools and institutions;
to protect the clergy and laity from
unwarranted and libellous attacks; to
hold the Episcopate as sacred and to
take all means to prevent the appoint
ment of unworthy persons to the
clergy.”
Many Returned to Russia.
“As a result of the false hopes held
out by the Trotzky-Lenine regime, the
Russian church in America has been
depleted of many members and
priests, said Dr. Irvine. “They went
back to Russia in expectation of re
ceiving free land and other privileges
not available in the United States.”
“There are not now, so far as 1
know, six Russian priests in the Am
erican mission who were here when 1
was ordained in St. Nicholas cathe
dral,” he continued. “We have between
§00 and 1,000 missions and parishes in
America and during the regime of
Emperor Nicholas II received an an
nual grant of $100,000 for the propa
gation of our faith in this country.
“Because of all these transititonal
conditions, the citizen clergy of the
Eastern Holy Orthodox church, met
together in an informal way recently
and decided to incorporate, so as to
create stability and to stop.if possible,
the migration of priests and people.”
.Man of Liberal Ideals.
Dr. Irvine said tnat Tikhon, the
Patriarch of the Russian church, elect
ed on November last, during the Ker
ensky regime in Russia, is, a man of
liberal spirit who, as archbishop of the
Russian church in North America had
absorbed the spirit of democracy. Tik
hon, he said, was the first patriarch of
the Russian church since Peter the
Great in the sixteenth century abolish
ed the patriarchate, of Russia and set
up, instead the Holy Synod. He in
troduced into the Synod a procurator
Dr Trvinp sniul Pnfnv
had paved the way for the insinuation
of Germanic influences in the life and
aspirations of the Russian people and
that this Teuton influence in church
and state had been for centuries the
curse of the Russian nation.
TH1RTY-FIRST MACHINE.
French “Ace” Is Again in Service
After Staying in Hospital.
PARIS, March 30. — Lieutenant
Nungesser, who became the French
‘ace of aces” after the death of Cap
rain Guynemer, has just brought down
a is thirty-first enemy machine. News
of his latest exploit is hailed with de
ight by the French press because it
monies after months of comparative in
activity on his part during which he
las been recuperating from the ef
fects of serious injuries received in an
automobile accident.
Nungesser’s ability as an aviator
coupled with his numerous injuries and
jmarkable recuperating powers is
.apidly gaining for him the title of
superman.” He has been repeatedly
injured since the beginning of the
war and twice the French army phy
sicians have classified him as “unfit
for further service” but his robust
constitution and strong will power
have enabled him to overcome all ob
stacles and he has steadily found his
way back to the escadrile.
During one of his periods of “con
valesence” at Dunkirk he brought
down nine enemy machines.
THOUSANDS !N
Bf STHHTI
FAMINE AND EXPOSURE TAKE
HEAVY TOLL IN FLOODED DIS
TRICT NEAR TIENTSIN.
WATER COVERS LARGE AREA.
Inundated Territory Is Below Level of
Rivers and Land Will Not Be Avail
able for Tillable Purposes for Five
Years.
PEKING, April 2.—Seventy-five
thousand persons in the flooded dis
trict southwest of Tientsin are facing
death by starvation and exposure, ac
cording to a report oy the North Chi
na Christian Flood Relief committee.
Similar conditions on a smaller scale
obtain in other parts of the flooded
; area.
While the water has drained away
j from the larger part of the flooded
; area, the Wen-An Hsien district still
forms a lake some 2,000 square miles
| in extent, approximately triangular in
1 shape, with Tientsin at the apex. Here
the water which at its height was
twenty feet, still reaches fifteen feet.
Below Level of Rivers.
The district is all below the level
of the rivers which enclose it and the
| water cannot drain off, but must
| gradually disappear by evaporation
and percolation—a process which at
the best will probably require live
. years.
In some of the river bends there
were accumulations of ice which so
| checked the flow of the water that it
'broke out again in fresh places and
reflooded certain areas, destroying the
winter wheat. In one district the peo
ple had sown wheat three times as the
water gradually drained off, and the
third time it took root, only to be An
ally destroyed by these new winter
floods.
Suffering Is Described.
( The suffering of destitute villagers
; is described in a letter from Anping
as follows:
“The cold cost many lives, for the
people were largely without fuel and
in many cases had no winter clothes.
One of the agents recruiting work
men for roadmaking, found in one
village that ten people had succumbed
in a few days. The destitution is in
creasing and the suffering growing
! more intense.”
___
TREES OFFERED FOR SALE.
Prices Fixed for Government Are $7
and $7.50 Per Thousand.
DENVER, Colo., April 2.—W. J.
Morrill, state forester, is advertising
a ^ifat quciniitx ui ncMmi ±t:iivv\
Pine and Jack Pine trees for sale to
Coloradoans at cost. The trees, in lots
of 25 or more, cost the buyer one cent
each. In lots of 1,000 or more the cost
of the yellow pines is $7 a thousand,
while the jack pines, in lots of 500 or
more, are offered at the rate of $7.50 a
i thousand.
The trees come from a forest serv
! ice establishment at Halsey, Ne
braska. The yellow pines are four
year old and about a foot high, the
jack pines are about ten inches high.
SOLDIERS BECOME REBELS.
MEXICO CITY, March 30.—Roused
I by the arrest of their commander Gen
! eral Silvestra G. Mariscal, governor of
\ Guerrero, who was placed in prison
January 25 on a charge of disobeying
orders of the war department, 400 of
his men who were in the capital left
j the city unobtrusively anil are said to
have joined the rebel bands in the
state of Vera Cruz.
IRRIGATION CASE IN CALIFOR
NIA HAS BEEN IN PROGRESS
FOR FIVE MONTHS.
INVOLVES RIGHT TO WATER.
Close to Half a Million Acres of I.and
in Tulare and Kings Counties Will
Be Affected by Decision of Litiga
tion.
VISALIA, Cal., April 2.—Trial of
what promises to be the longest civil
suit recorded in California, involving
a constitutional principle never before
tested in the courts of this state and
upon the outcome of which hinges the
future of many great irrigation sys
tems, has passed its fifth month in
the superior court of Tulare county in
this city. There are no prospects of
the early close of the case. Attorneys
for both sides admit it may stretch
into another five months before finally
being submitted to the local court, af
ter which it will be appealed to the
state supreme court.
The case is that of the Tulare Irri
gation District and eighty-four ditch
companies, co-plaintiffs, vs. the Lind
say-Strathmore Irrigation District.
It involves a plea of the plaintiffs for
a permanent injunction to restrain
| the defendant district from taking
water from the Ivuweah river, and
transporting it by means of pipe lines
and pumps to the Lindsay-Strathmore
citrus district twenty miles to the
south.
The defendant district has 15,000
acres of valuable orange and citrus
lands; the system has been completed
at a cost of close to $2,000,000 and
everything is ready for the irriga
tion to commence, but this cannot now
| be possible until the court’s decision.
The defendant contends that were
it not for the faulty irrigation meth
| ods of the plaintiffs, there would be
a surplus of water in the Kaweah
delta, which water might well be used
| elsewhere. The defendant further
contends that the underground strata
of water of the Kaweah river delta
permeates the Lindsay-Strathmore
! district at a great depth which enti
tles the defendant district to the use
of the water, but that the use can
be made much cheaper by taking the
water from the Kaweah stream prop
er rather than boring deep wells.
The decision on the question will
affect the irrigation to close to half a
million acres of land in Tulare and
Kings counties.
MONEY IN GERMAN HANKS.
Financial Institutions Are Twice As
Rich Now as Before War.
AMSTERDAM, Netherlands. April
2.—“If it is true to say that our in
dustry is twice as rich as it was before
the war. it is equally true that our big
banks are twice as strong.” Thus com
mences the year’s review of the Ger
man bank position in the Frankfurter
Zeitung, the leading organ of German
high finance.
According to the the reviewer, 1* 1T
was a year of amalgamations and ex
tensions in the German banking world.
Many small private banks have been
absorbed by their bigger brethren and
j the latter have branched out in the al
j iied countries and the occupied terri
tories.
There was an enormous increase in
the number of new companies organ
ized and of new stock issues, accord
ing to the Berlinger Tageblatt. One of
the largest stock increases noted is
that of the German Aniline Combine.
STREET SIGNS IN CAMP.
CAMP KEARNY, San Diego, Cal.,
| Match SO.—An elaborate system of
signs has been installed to direct the
visitor to the organization of his
choice. At each street intersection are
neat blue and white enamel signs,
bearing the designations of the organ
izations to be found along that street,
arranged in the order of their distance
from the intersection. The signs were
erected by a southern California auto
mobile club.