THE ANCHORAGE WEEKLY TIMES
ANCHORAGE PUBLISHI NG CO., PUBLISHERS.
CHAS. E. HERRON.
President
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KEEPING LABOR BUSY.
In 1 iiu‘ with similar efforts now being made in other nations
engaged in the great war, intelligent business men of the Unit
ed States are planning for some means to “take np the slack”
in American industrial life when peace shall have come. Not
only will the men of great armies be released for industrial life,
but war industries that are employing so much of the labor of
the United States will be shut down. Unless we are to have a
period of temporary idleness among our workers, we must
have, ready at hand, adequate plans for employment.
Tht* National Uity bank of New York, one of the great
financial institutions of the country, has taken a special inter
est in this after-war industrial reorganization, and in a recent
bulletin it suggests that tht* electrification of many of the
American railways would both improve the earning power and
efficient operation of these lint's, and give employment, to many
thousand men who might otherwise be idle. As bearing upon
the desirability of such an improvement, a letter from 0. A.
Goodnow, vice-president of the Uhieago, .Milwaukee tfc St. Paul
railway, is printed in the current bank bulletin.
.Mr. (ioodnow relates the experience of the company in the
operation of its electrified lines from Ilarlowton west to Deer
Lodge, Mont., L’l’fi miles. It is shown that electric locomotives
run the entire I’l’b mill's without change, whereas the steam
engines were changed every lid miles, requiring roundhouse
forces and equipment now dispensed with. Less than half as
many electric locomotives are required, compart'd with steam
service. An average increase of "JS.S per cent in ton miles has
been made by the electrics in the carriage of freight; there is
greater safety on the mountain grades, and a regeneration of
electricity by means of the down grades amounting to 1 l.M per
cent of the total power consumed by the motors; engine helper
service for passenger trains, with many crews, has been dis
pensed with by use of electricity.
From tin* standpoint of economy, safety and efficiency,
railroad electrification, wherever possible, seems advisable at
the earliest convenient opportunity. It would mean a stupen
dous reorganization of industry, because the railroad work
would increase the sources of electricity and cause it to be more
generally adopted by private industries. It would employ all
idle labor, require great cement and steel construction and
much heavy machinery and create a demand for copper to
take up the slack in the war demand. It is confidently believed
that the work required to be done would relieve the business
community of its fears as to poor trade and encourage other
enterprises to go ahead, with no uncertainties as to the future.
AMERICANS MAKE GOOD.
The episode of tie* recent engagement a round Gouzeau
court. on tin* west front of war, where American engineers were
caught between tin* opposing lines of troops, is typical of what
may he expected of American units, as was their splendid con
duct and intelligent initiative under the perplexing circum
stances. American engineers have been pushing1 the railroad
communications for the British troops as rapidly as new ground
was gained, and their efficient help lias been acknowledged in
Gen. Haig’s dispatches from the front. There were German
counter attacks in force, in the course of which the American
construction and operating engineers found themselves stalled
between tin* firing lines. Seeking shelter in shell pits, and ly
ing flat on the ground, the battle proceeded over their heads
until the engineers wen* able to join the British. Then they
exchanged their shovels and picks for rifles and cartridges and
fought by tin* side of the ’Tommies throughout the action.
The incident emphasizes an American quality that will
characterize all of our soldiers in European actions; the qual
ity of initiative, of thinking for oneself under exceptional cir
cumstances. Soldiers of loss intelligence would have been
mown down or captured like sheep in such an emergency.
Again, the incident indicates that American soldiers, unused
to trench work and the firing line, may nevertheless be relied
upon to give* a good account of themselves under shell and
machine gun lire. There is a theory that troops must be grad
ually accustomed to tin* danger and hellish clamor at the front,
otherwise panic is likely to seize them. The incident of tin*
American engineers has proved otherwise.
It is what we expect from our soldiers. There are no yel
low streaks in the true American make-up; there is courage, in
telligence. honor, fair play, and. in our soldiers at the front,
health, strength, discipline and the will to enforce the Ameri
can purpose. ’The Gouzeaucourt skirmish is only a sample of
the American soldier’s capacity.
FOUR UVES LOST
!N THEATRE FIRE
FIREMEN SUFFER DEATH AND
SPECTATORS NARROWLY ES
CAPE INJURY IN CHICAGO.
CHICAGO, Jan. 9.—Four firemen
were killed and four firemen injured
when the walls of a burning motion
picture theatre collapsed here today.
Several hundred spectators of the
fire narrowly escaped injury.
Snow drifts in the streets prevented
the firemen from reaching the fire un
til the building was almost gone.
CREWS MUTINY ON
PORTUGUESE SHIPS
'
j SAILORS FIRE ON LISBON FORTS
BUT TROOPS REMAIN LOYAL
AND RESTORE ORDER.
MADRID, Jan. 9.—It is reported
that an outbreak has occurred among
the crews on Portuguese warships and
that the mutinous crews bombarded
the forts at Lisbon.
The army remained faithful and fi
nally succeeded in restoring tranquil
lity.
MUSCOVITES ARE EXPECTED TO SUBMIT COUNTER
PROPOSALS DEMANDING EVACUATION OF ALL
THEIR TERRITORY NOW IN HANDS OF EITHER
GERMAN OR AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN TROOPS.
LONDON, Jan. 5.—Unless an unexpected change takes
place in plans arranged last night, representatives of Russia
and of Germany and Austria-Hungary today will meet at Brest,
in Litovsk province, Russia, to resume the discussion of per
manent peace terms.
The Russians, who last week declared the German demand
for retention of all Russian territory occupied by the Teutons
could not be considered, are expected to submit counter propos
als calling for the immediate evacuation by Germany of all such
occupied territory.
TEUTONS MAY MAKE CONCESSIONS.
The belief is entertained among diplomats in London that
! the Russians were induced last night to agree to resume the
conference today at Brest, instead of Stockholm, Sweden, as
they demanded last week, by the intimation from the Teuton
representatives that they were prepared to make modifications
in their original terms.
A significant feature in connection with the conference is
| the report from Berlin that German Chancellor Hertling is ill
and that he is to be succeeded by Prince von Buelow, former
chancellor.
WOULD NOT HUMILIATE GOVERNMENT.
A change in chancellors, it is argued, would permit a
change in Teuton peace demands without humiliation to the
government.
The London Chronicle today prints an article to the effect
that, on account of the vigorous attitude the Russians are tak
ing in the peace negotiations, the entente allied nations may
formally recognize the Muximilist government, which Premier
Leon Lenine has established at Petrograd.
1
CARRIER LINES MUST BE MADE AS EFFICIENT AS
POSSIBLE TO TAKE CARE OF TRAFFIC IMPOSED
ON THEM NOW BY WAR CONDITIONS AND BY
DOMESTIC TRADE REQUIREMENTS.
WASHINGTON, Jail. 5.—Five hundred million dollars is
the sum President \\ ilson, in an address before a joint session
ot both branches of congress, recommended should lie appropri
ated immediately for the operation by the federal government
of all railroads in the United States.
I he president’s address was confined exclusively to mat
ters in connection with needed railroad legislation.
SHOULD GUARANTEE ADEQUATE RETURNS.
He recommended that the government, while it possessed
and operated the roads, should guarantee adequate returns to!
die owning companies, and in this connection he suggested, as:
fair compensation, a net rate of income equal to the average
annual net rate of income received by the owning companies
in tin1 last three years.
The president urged the enactment of legislation author
izing the government to continue to maintain the upkeep of
the railroads.
EQUIPMENT AND IMPROVEMENTS.
The five hundred million dollars, recommended for the gov
ernmental operation of the railroads, are needed for the imme
diate acquirement of additional equipment and the installa
tion of necessary improvements, so as to make as efficient as
possible tin1 transportation of men and supplies for war purpo
ses and the handling of business of a domestic nature.
Following the president’s address and immediately after
tin* joint session had dissolved and both branches had been con
vened in separate sessions, bills were introduced in the house
and in the senate to carry out the recommendations of the ex
ecutive.
10 OBTAIN CONSTANT
TREATIES MUST BE MADE SECURE, TERRITORIAL j
SETTLEMENTS DETERMINED BY CONSENT OF i
GOVERNED AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA
TION CREATED TO LIMIT ARMAMENTS.
LONDON, Jan. 5.—Lloyd-George,
premier of Great Britain addressing a
trades union conference here today
on the subject of the aims of the war
said that only the clearest, the great
est and the most just cause could jus
tify the continuance even for one day
of “this unspeakable agony of na
tions.” He said the entente allies had
arrived now at the most critical hour
of the war and he declared that before
any government takes a fateful decis
ion as to the conditions under which
it ought either to terminate or to con
tinue the struggle it ought to be sat
isfied that the conscience of the nation
is behind the conditions.
Regarding Constantinople.
“England,” he announced, “is not
fighting to get Constantinople.
“We mean to stand by French de
mocracy to death,” he continued, “in
its demand for the righting of the
great wrong that was inflicted on
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France when Alsace-Lorraine was
torn form her. This sore has poisoned
Europe’s peace for half a century, and
healthy conditions cannot be restored
until this sore is cured. ‘Government
with the consent of the governed’
must be the basis of the territorial
settlements at the end of the war.”
The premier said that apparently
Germany does not mean to surrender
any Russian provinces or cities now
held by Teuton soldiers.
“Under one name or another, this
occupied territory,” declared the pre
mier, “will be ruled by the Prussian
sword and the rest of Russia be bul
lied or enticed into political and econ
omic enslavement.”
The premier said: “England is fight
ing for a just and lasting peace and
three conditions must be fulfilled to
insure this peace, namely:
“First, the sanctity of treaties must
be re-established.
“Second, all territorial settlements
must be based on the principle of self
determination or the consent of the
government.
“Third, the creation of an interna
tional organization to limit arma
ments and diminish the probability of
war.”
The premier said that to secure
these conditions the British empire is
prepared to make even greater sacri
fices than it has made.
Overshadows Field Work.
WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 5.—
The address of Lloyd-George, premier
of Great Britain, over shadows all war
developments in the opinion of states
men in Washington. They believe
that in effect it amounts to a redefini
tion of the aims of the war.
AUSTRALIA CABINET
GIVES UP OFFICE
DEFEAT O F CONSCRIPTION
CAUSES CHANGE OF MINISTRY
IN BRITISH POSSESSION.
LONDON, Jan. 8— Premier Hughes
of Australia, and his cabinet resigned
today.
Frank Tudor, labor leader, will
form a new ministry. Since the de
feat of conscription, which Premier
Hughes favored, it has been reported
he and his cabinet would resign.
ROYAL PALACE IS
GIVEN TO RED CROSS
KING OF ITALY TURNS OVER
EDIFICE AT GENOA TO AMER
ICAN ORGANIZATION.
GENOA, Jan. 7.—King Victor Em
manuel III, of Italy, has given the
royal palace at Genoa for the use of
the American Fed Cross.
AIRMEN REST ON
SEA; WAIT FOR AID
AVIATORS LOSE COMPASS AND
ARE RESCUED 650 MILES
OFF IRISH COAST.
AN ATLANTIC PORT, Jan. 7.—
Two American aviators who had lost
their compass and their bearings dur
ing a flight in search of submarines,
from a station somewhere in Europe,
were encountered at sea 650 miles off
the Irish coast by a steamship which
has arrived at an Atlantic port. The
flyers started on the return trip to
their station after being supplied with
provisions and a new compass.
The ship’s lookout sighted a strange
appearing craft on the sea, flying sig
nals of distress. A boat was sent to in
investigate. To their great surprise
the sailors learaed the craft was a
hydro-airplane with American airmen
on board. The aviators said they drop
ped their compass after they had lost f
sight of land and as they had no way
in which they could determine their
bearings they decided to rest on the
sea in the hope that some passing ship
might sight them and render the nec
essary assistance.
Sufis.
MOTORIST SUFFERS
DEATH AT CROSSING
DELAWARE MAN FAILS IN HIS
EFFORT TO GET OVER TRACK
AHEAD OF TRAIN.
MILLSBORO, Del., Jan. 7.—At
tempting to drive his automobile over
the main railroad crossing ahead of a *
train this afternoon, Feter S. Shock
ley, a former county comptroller, was
instantly killed. Apparently he
thought he had ample time, but he
must have misjudged the speed of the
train, for his car was squarely on the
tracks when it was struck. Shockley
was about 55 years of age and prom
inent in business.
WILL INCREASE HOGS.
South Dakota Man Will Commence
Campaign for More Swine.
BROOKINGS, S. D., Jan. 4.—Ten
per cent more hogs for South Dakota
is the aim of Joe Hill of Alexandria,
who recently was appointed to repre
sent the state college extension di
vision in a campaign to increase the
swine crop. During the early part
of the winter he will direct his ef
forts toward the campaign and follow
this up with an education campaign
on the care of swine. Mr. Hill oper
ates a 13,000-acre ranch in Hanson £
county. m