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\ MUIKH < \U\Ktill-.
Carnegie is a war casualty, says a
dispatch. bereft of reason and
money and i)r. Henry Pritchett, pre
sident of the Carnegie Foundation
has been appointed conservator of
Hie vast Carnegie Funds.
This termination to a great indus
: r a! career surely was never anti
i ipated. The man lived an abstemi
ous life enough, and was regarded
its exceedingly sound mentally and
bodily. How much of this was real
and how much of this was feigning
one could never tell about Carnegie.
Ilenry Labouehere, the brilliant
I’ditor to his death of the London
••Truth", told a story of Carnegie
-and Skitio which was typical as
much of Carnegie as of Labouehere
' The radical British politician visit
ing at Skibo was ushered into the
library. Labouehere recognized the
binding of a well known London
firm and the books almost alt brand
now. Carnegie rose to greet him,
remarking as lie did so "You see
me among my friends”. Labouehere
took down a book that was handy
noting the newness of everything
ami the uncut pages, remarked witli
more wit than kindness ”1 am glad
you have the good taste not to cut
any of them”.
here was quite a good deal ot
• igiiing in Carnegie. He liked no
•. iriety and lie was never sa much
. a. home as when lie was liat'.ed as
r. Vis- typical democratic ironmaster -
be millionaire of unadorned sim
s. ’/eity.
His ability in the iron and steel
business, was the same ability that
has made others famous in other
lines. An unhesitating ability to
make use of, by fair means or foul,
"m technical talents of others, drlv
ng a tight bargain always his phi
lanthropy was three part humbug
.and one part genuine.
He had hoped that i s spread of
the Ji'oraries which iiear his name
throughout the country would live
down, in the minds of the people,
He Homestead strike when armed
guards of the Pinkertons massacred
'■-.be striking unionists. To a (er
as e extent that lias been successful.
It is seldom or." in r anything
like the correct v. r d-oi tnai ex
traordinary battle. indeed every
one reads now that the unionmeu
wire destroying everything and
that the Pinkertons were the saviors
of flit situation. In the course ol
- .'June, doubtless, the same tiling wifi
tit said about Muklow grove, and
I, u rt iov" and a dozen other places.
The wwlil knows Carnegie as the
■ ionator 01 libraries, as the apostle
•>f peace, as 1/ze Laird of Skibo, as
f.be humanitarian who established
'he Carnegie Foundation. I'yofes
iv.irs who owe to hint a prospective,
age pension will be relied upon
•"he crown him with a halo of good -
le ss. -». _ -x
V "°re than likely, subjected i() u t
lot of adulation anri reading A i
y hole tot of stuff of the
kiSL1’ Carnegie came to be-1
lleve" that he was really a
nioderr' Messiah. TTis attitude to- i
wards tb«"’ « r<*h indicatt-d a concep
tion of '.hi. pjuple yet lofty super- t
inriti ud.t he old man began his |
dementia by croiittjng the fact that
he was in truth .end, fact a super
. man.
Carnegie lejt behind the stee»
trade in a condition when it was
hard to make money. Just when 1
the United Status Steel Corporation
had bought him out and tiny fully <
experienced how hard was the bar- i
gain he could drive, the Tennessee <
Coal and Iron Co. had evolved a (
superior method of steel production <
My the discarded open hearth fur- i
rare which enabled it to do what <
'lie bessemer mills had not been i
able to do, gurantee the i
.soundness of all steel rails upon f
«2*livery. Every line of trade was c
then exploited to the uttermost in
steel. Structural, tool, railroad. 1
machine, castings of all kinds were s
gradually ( logging a market and
without doubt Carnegie was glad
enough to get from under, being
fully secured.
A g -::<*rous s rif s of disasters 01
destructive dimensions enlarged the
markets that wore threathened with
overproduction, and this put the
I'nited States Steel where it wanted
to he. How it forced into its ranks
the Tennessee Coal and Iron Co.
everyone knows who is familiar
witli the Morgan manipulation in
the panic of 1907-S. In any event
the trust became the trust in earn
est and Carnegie was secure in his
millions.
So much for the financial end of
the steel industry. There is quite
another side to the romance. The
labor side is even more significant.
At one time the steel industry was
thoroughly organized by crafts.
This meant that the skilled men
were unionized, the unskilled wete
not. The wages paid the skilled
were very good. They were better
than th»y are today as a general
rule. Bit by bit tin* companies had
troubles with the craft organiza
tions and each time the craft unions
knew that they had been up against
something hard when they wete
through. Similarly the exceedingh
small wages whit li unskilled wor'r
ers were paid, compelled them tc
ask for better wages and strikt
wiicii they did not. Tln> general!)
Inst and not being “unionmen" tin
skilled workers had no hesitatior
working with the strikebreakers
Although when the skilled nm
went out. the skilled as unionmi i
demanded that the unskilled wTt
were not organized come out also
'In* latter invariably did so.
There cant a a strike of molder.
ai 1 other crafts in the Carneg'i
works; the unskilled asked as i
:*rm of their joining that they in
I admitted to the union also and the>
w .r,> refused. They remained a
work and took the skill, d striker,
j places.
This was really the beginning o
j the end. Strikers afterwards wort
• not so successful and slowly am
j gradually the. steel men forcet
; w tges down for all classes of laboi
and ultimately forced the union:
down and out of their plants; they
made it impossible to organize am
forbade any attempt to attend evei
a union meeting upon the part o:
sin* workers. They made liberal am
radieal use of the constant stream
of immigrants who came to the
United States, aild it is only the
other day tHat tlie country woke up
to tlie fact that these didn't have a
particle of love, loyalty or devotion
to the United States and they be
gan to educate in citizenship the
masses of the workers employed by
tl>ese tremendous corporations.
Consider the situation; the men
worked twelve hours a day for
seven days a Week. They obtained
20 cents an hour oil un average, as
was sliow’n at the strike in Youngs
town. They lived in shameless
hovels' they were allowed neither
leisure for recreation nor education.
They had to resort to tlie strongest
of pleasures whit it alone could stim
ulate their jaded senses. They were
killed at work, or maimed perma
teii.'ly or were whole wrecks at the
expiration of three or at mose tive
tars. Hut stilt the Immigration
iles kept steadily feeding the hu
nan mills that ground flesh ar.d
ilood into profits.
The astonishing fact is fJaat a lot
if hignbrows wondered at' the de
noralized condition of tlies": work
rs. They were astounded at the
ibvious lack of any kind of loyalty
r any pride in American citizen
hip. They were all worked up be
ause these slaves of industry could
ot appreciate the blessings of free
om and free institutions were so
onerously placed at the disposal
f native born and Immigrant alike.
A lot of this astonishment may
ave been buncombe pure amt
implc. but unquestionably a whole
lot shows how ignorant is one por
tion of the nation as to how the
other lives. Indeed candid : ongress
men have admitted that when they
read the industrial relations com
. missions report, it was a revelatioi
to them that such things could ho
possible.
, We have referred to this so that
it could be understood how intin»
1 ately this madman Carnegie is con
i nected with the establishment of
an industrial absolutism in some
lines in the United States. It is not
quite a perfect absolutism, but with
time it may be perfected and the
thinking oligarchy will rule.
Certainly it was under Carnegie
that the prohibition against union
ism in the steel mills first began,
and not even his association with
that brilliant rider of two horses,
Sam Gompers, on the National
| Civic Federation, can conceal this
fact.
Yet it is in Carnegie that we find
the saying of Mark Anthony, “that
the evil that men do lives after
them, the good is oft interred with
1 their bones", is not a rule without
many exceptions and our later day
captains of industry will be re
membered not for what of tremend
ous evil they have done, but for
what they have done of good.
And after all why cavil at the
judgment of Fate. That was their
allotted destiny. Theirs was the
terrible function to strike hard at,
and wholly destroy those institu
tutions of labor and the masses
which were not built upon a solid
and enduring foundation. The
workers were led captive and went
down in defetr because as yet the
educational discipline of their eco
nomic environment was far from
complete. Carnegie, like the rest
of these ill omened captains of in
dustry had to function as such a
disciplinary element and the harder
they struck, the more truly they
obliterated the shams of ineffectual
resistance. With the harmless hob
bies of Carnegie; his mania for see
ing his name upon the libraries of
tlie land, his erection of peace temp
! les. Iiis pensions to professors, his
I superstitious atheism, and all these
! tilings were but the scum of the
j ceaseless and fermenting effort of
! tlie man to dominate his fellows for
I the love of domination, and stip
i posed by many in these days tc lie
i the ultimate hall mark of pure de
I moi racy.
it was his luck or his fate, to be
horn into an industrial period tliAt
must have its Fricks, its Morgans,
its Hocki fellers, its Dukes, its dozen
1 and one captains of industry who
were jockeyed into the lead by tlie
tremendous forces of economic evo
lution. It was theirs the privilege
, of riding on the crest of these forces
and their own inate gifts, consider
able however these may be had
| little to do with it.
Tin concentration of wealth and
the centralization of control in in
I
Lumber
Milling'
Contractor
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444 Front St. IMione Main 53
dustry are the two most compelling
facts of our time. With that con
centration of wealth and that cen
tralization of control of industry
\v ::t power. It was a greater power |
j than the power of the state. It
| compelled the Congr:ss of th:
j United States to do its bidding. The
j machine politicians and the bosses,
j instead of being independent poiiti
i cal workers were merely the facile
j servants of these great interests.!
These interests compelled the courts
j to serve and the story of the rise
i of the corporation lawyer from his!
lawbooks to the ermine, is the re- |
cord of his efficiency and obedience j
in the service of these powers.
And against them what power
could be offiered that was not re
viled, blackguarded denounecd and
vilified, as the great powers always
will vilify and denounce opposition.
Against these what could the craft ,
unions do but shiver and fall and
suffer crushing defeat, defeat that
ended often enough in the ignominy
of the criminal court, in the peni
tentiary or worse.
Yet take up any history of the
United States at random and re
garding these the really vital fact
ors in the development and evolu- j
tion of file people of Ameiica there I
is hardly a word given. Histories ;
of presidents, many whom were |
merely figureheads, stories of cabi- |
net officials many of whom owed j
their positior to their service in the I
corporations, tales of senators and
other prominent ones who owed
their seats and 'heir salaries, to their
usefulness in aiding in the this
work, a lot of shallow surface su
perficialities concealing the real life
of the nation.
There may be something pitiable
in Carnegie growing insane in his
old age. But he merely typifies
the route which the system of which
he was an effect himself has got to ,
travel before its final dissolution.
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