latly Nome jhtiiustrial Worker, j
Published Daily except Sunday
My Nome Mine Workers’ Union, No. *40. Western Federation of Miners.
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Tin: SI’BMARIXK gl KSTIOX.
Because the submarine question
lias reached an mill, stage is all the
more reason f< r tin- more careful ;
eons 1 era tit a of the controversy.
When in February 191”' Germut»
ih-. birch the North Sea anil that j
section ol' tlu ocean contiguous to i
l lie littoral of the Alik i nations'
blockadi d a: .1 announi i d an inten
tion to sink all ships could he en
eoun'ered. there arose a shout ot j
indignation from the United States |
press. The mere fact that Great;
Britain had not been called to ac
count for its blockade ot German
and neutral trade, did not in any
wav mitigate tin- criticism of the i
German sea policy.
The American government resur- :
rected th< prin ; fir ; ormulati a
by John Marshall when Secretary of
State in 1 >110 and during the Xa
poleoni- war. and later and morel
clearly enunciati d by James Madi-:
son when holding a similar office
that bloTai'es to lie effective must’
lie complett. Madison stated it tlns!
way: “Tiie law of nations requires'
10 mast it lit e a blockade Hint there!
should he the presence and position
of a fori rendering access to the
prohibit' i t '.h< ■ manifestly difficult !
•, 11 (i tit i, rous". That's clear;
enough. Ha; it was written and laid
dowa lit tori there were any sulmia-;
rims thought of. The conditions
! hy Marshal and hy Madison
win- such as that sliips entering or
■ i nr.iting to enter a port would lie
and ■ t a priz<
ports of the hlo< -hading powers. Ohvi
, us!' it was impossible for ships to
, .f,. t :1 blockade of an enemy ioiui
t rv if the nation seeking to main
,such- is itself subjected to
idoekede. And in order to under- ■
luiul how different and much more
dillieult it is to consider t.he subina
riie i ue-tion it need only he pointed
out that the tiuderseagoing capacity I
of the l'boats enaldes them to issue j
forth from a blockaded nation and
in turn suliji et an enemy nation to ^
blockade.
When John Marshal considered
ibis proposition he never tor a mi
nute conceived of such a tiling as
sinking the vessel attempting to en
ter a blockaded port. 11" sai.l it
the effectiveness of the blockade be
dispensed with, then every port of
the belligerent powers may at alt
times he declared in that state, and
the commerce of neutrals lie there
by subjected to universal capture”.
Marshal's conception of things is il
luminating as showing the reason
why lie supported the principle
which has just been referred to. "It
tliis principle be adhered to, the ca
pacity to blockade will he limited by
the naval force of the belligerent,
and in consequence, the mischief to
neutral commerce cannot he very
extensive.”
That is the American doctrine
vl h however lias been accepted by
all nations as a principle of inter
national law, hut bet ore the advent
of the submarine.
V, rv clearly both Great Britain
and Germany have failed to recog
nize the principle in actual opera
tions and both have received notes
in protest of their policies.
The difficulty of acting upon tliis
principle upon the part of Germany,
every one can see is extreme. Ger
many has her ports blockaded to
merchant and other sliips, but Ger
many can evade that blockade by
the use of U boats. Submarines
are not subjected to blockade and
Germany contends that for that rea
son the American policy is archaic
and needs amplification and
amendment.
The importance of any principle
of law is directly as the property
interests affected. This may not be
admitted by all, but it is correct in
the last analysis. John Marshal
rightly insisted that It was of ‘the
last importance to neutrals that this
principle” (that is the effective
blockade doctrine) “be unimpaired”,
arul this will he allowed to be un
questionably correct.
Germany has laid it down that
the tact that a blockade is evaded 1
bj the U boats in itself makes the j
blockade by the Entente nations a
paper blockade merely, but Great!
Britain responds by asking whoTc
are the German ships sailing the
high seas and what German port
has oieen and uninterrupted connec
tion e.s tar as commerce is eornrnea
on lie High Seas.
Germany itself is on the horns ot
a dilemma. Denying the effective
ness or the British blockade, it lias
to sink the ships which its subma
rines captured In rausi of its inabil
ity to take those captured ships
hack to Germany. in consequence
of thi; compulsory situation, Ger
many lias to destroy the property
seized and in doing so jeopardized
and destroyed human life.
Tin; sinking of the Lusitania is a
ease in point. That ship was trying
to reach the British ports in defiann
of tin- B boat blockade orders. The
ship was attacked liy a 1' boat, j
Here was a prize worth capturing.!
It was tin' most magnificent ship J
afloat. it was b> far the fastest. It
was a favorite on ocean travel. Vet
evi n tlie ability 01 the submarine to
cupturt sttrh a iioat Wits a useless
powt r for unless it could be taken ,
to it (jiftnau port tlie British block- !
■iii ■ would compel tin4 Germans to j
relinquish their ]triz.c.
That was the situation that con- j
front d tit-- Germans and they sank ;
the stoamt r. men, women and child- |
ren and all, because capture was j
positively denied them.
Th ■ menace to neutral traffic and ,
to neutral lives in this polit y was i
apparent enough, and could be justi
fied only by one principle which
tears at once the whole fabric of
international law to pieces. Ami
that is tin1 right to do so because of
the power to do so.
Beyond question international
law exists to protect the rights of
the stronger. Because the prin
ciples which are most generally re
cognized tire those which favor the
powerful nations tits is obvious.
But fundamentally to tacitly admit
the right of the Germans to reluse
recognition to the American block
ade doctrines meant an assertion ot
the principle that might is right.
The interminable notes that fol
lowed showed that Germany just
then was not prepared to do this,
and yet upon the conclusion of the
conversations with relation to the
sinking of the Sussex, Germany
while agreeing to modify its sub
j marine policy also insisted upon
j maintaining the right to change
this policy if she saw fit.
The British arming of me-chant
! men changed the status of the en
tire question. It is tlie German
[ contention that an armed merchant
j man is a warship and thereupon it
I is cited as a precedent that such an
armed vessel was regarded as a
! warship in the same age that ac
1 copted the American principle oi
effective blockades. The Entente
retorts on this that the Germans
have been sinking and imperilling
lives on merchant ships and “de
fense” was necessary, that if an
armed ship is a warship in the in
ternational principles accepted in
i 1S00. then the effective blockade
j theory must also he accepted ana
sinkings of merchant ships unwarn
ed or within the war zone Imperill
ing lives is against international
law. The United States maintains
its position as before and refuses
to admit that these sinkings are
legal. Germany proposes to con
i tinue them by the rfght of might.
In such a situation it is apparent
that peaceful relations are no longei
possible between two nations which
are both little inclined to modify
their positions.
Then comes the final arbiter ol
i all: force. Civilization just now
can do no other. It is really a bit
ter commentary on civilization.
CITY BATH HOUSE
lias the largest
and only 0 feet
Bath Tubs in Nome.
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE.
To Parke Godwin, your heirs, ex
ecutors, assigns, successors or per
onal representatives:
You are hereby notified that the
undersigned lias expended in labor
and improvements the sum of one
hundred dollars each year for the
years 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914. 1915,
and 1916 on the following placer
mining claims to wit: 1 he New
Zealand claim Situated on the right
limit of Bourbon creek, The New
Year Association and the Anvil
Square Association situated on the
right limit of Anvil creek and No. 2
Bench claim on the right limit of
Quartz creek, a tributary of Anvil
creek, all of said claims being re- i
: corded and more fully described in
[ ihe Records of the Cape Nome Min
ing and Recording District, Second
Division, Territory of Alaska.
The above amount has been ex
pended under the provisions of the
i laws concerning annual labor upon
1 mining claims being the amount re
j quired to hold said claims.
And your are further notified
i that if within ninety days after the
| last publication oi this notice you
fail to contribute your proportion of i
! said expenditure your interest in
said claims will become the property
of tlie undersigned your co-owner
under section 2324 Revised Statutes
of the United States.
JOE DAROLLE.
Co-Owner.
j Date of first publ.. Feb. 1. 1917.
; Date of last pub.. May 3, 1917.
NOTICE OF APPI.H A ITOV FOR
PATENT.
In the United States Land Office at
.Nome, Alaska, January 25, 1917..
Notice is hereby given, that
Nicholas J. Butler, a citizen of the
United States, over the age of 21
years, whose post office address is’
Nome, Alaska, lias made application
before the !'. S. Band Office at Nome
Alaska, for a United States Patent
for No. 5 on Specimen Gulch Placer
Claim in the Cape Nome Recording |
District, Alaska. being Mineral!
Survey No. 1191; said claim .being
more particularly described' in the.
field notes and plat of the official |
survey thereof now on file in said !
Band Office at Nome, Alaska, as fol- I
lows:
Beginning at Cor. 1, Identical with i
Cor. 1 Kathleen Claim, Stir. No. j
1157, Cor. 4, of No. 12 Dexter Creek
Sur. No. 4 1 S and Cor. 2, Celia Frac-1
tion. Stir. 47S; a fir post 4 ins. sq.
2 ft. above ground, in earth mound
scribed 1-1157 K, 4-41S. 2-47S B. F.
and 1-1191 5 S. whence U. S. B. M.
No. 4 bears N. 78 deg. 50 min. 5
K. 5407.5 ft. U. S. Geological
Monument on King Mt. bears N.
20 deg. 29 min. E. thence S. 87 deg.
04 min. W. Var. 18 deg. 35 min. E.
1171.00 ft. to Cor. No. 2; thence N.
2 deg. 11 min. E. Var. 19 deg. 15
min. E. 357.60 ft. to Cor. No. 3;
thence N. 0 deg. 02 min. E. Var. 19
deg. 15 E. 332.80 ft. to Cor. No. 4;
thence S. 89 deg. 12 min. E. Var. 19
deg. 15 min. E. 1071.00 ft. to Cor.
No. 5; thence S. 7 deg. 54 min. E.Var
19 deg. 05 min. E. 622.30 ft. to place
of beginning containing 16.767
acres. Said claim is situated upon
unsurveyed ground about 6 .miles
N. N. E. from the town of Nome,
Alaska.
U. S. B. M. No. 4 is a limestone
block, about 4 ft.x6 ft.xOft. high,
chiseled U. S. B. M. No. 4 on top
surface, with mound of earth on
same, situated on the south or right
I bank of Dexter Creek about 140 ft.
'south of same and 1000 ft. westerly
! from mouth of Joe Gulch in Bat. 64
dog. 35 min. N. Bong. 165 deg. 19
min. W. in Cape Nome Recording
District, Alaska.
The Dotation is recorded in Vol.
| 16 Page 61 of the records of said
district. The adjoining claims arc
Ion the north, unknown; on the
south Kathleen, Sur. 1157, Frank
I Dolan, claimant; on the East Bella
j Fraction, Sur. 4 78, Pioneer Minin.;
Co. owner and on west No. 4 Spe
cimen Gulch unsurveyed, claimant
! unknown.
1
There are no conflicting claims.
G. A. ADAMS.
Register.
Date ot first publ, Jan. 2.7. 1917.
Date of last publ., March 28, 1917.
No. 0305.
NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR
PATENT.
In the United States Land Office at
Nome, Alaska, December 16, 1916.
Notice is hereby giVen, that Isaac
L. Osgood, Estate (Heirs, Cora and
Elmer Osgood and Mrs. Mamie Os
good) By W. P. Bell and Seattle
National Bank, Trustees and Floyd
W. Osgood, By Fred. R. Cowden
their Attorney in Fact, whose Post
Office address is Nome, Alaska, and
on behalf of Co-Owner Ellis E.
Powell, has made application before
(lie United States Land Office at
Nome, Alaska, for a United States
Patent for Discovery Claim and No.
1 Above Discovery on Lake Creek
in the Cape Nome Recording Dis
trict, Alaska, being Mineral Survey
No. 1175, said claims being more
particularly described in the field
notes and plat of the official survey
thereof now on file in said Land
Office at Nome, Alaska, as follows,
to-wit:
DISCOVERY CLAIM.
Beginning at Cor. 1 identical with
S. \Y. Loc. Cor. with Cor. 4 of No.
2 below on Saturday Creek, Surl
695, a fir post 4 ins. sq. 2 ft, above |
ground in earth mond scribed 1-747,1
4-695, 1-1175, D. U. S. L. M. No. j
11 bears S. 14 deg. 05 min. E.
4110.0 1't. thence N. 20 deg. 16 min.
W. Yar. 19 deg. 00 min. E. 665.00
ft. to Cor. No. 2; thence N. 9 deg.
57 min. E. Var. 19 deg. 15 min. E.
209.40 ft. to Cor. No. 3; thence N.
69 deg. 45 min. E. Var. 19 deg. 10
min. E. 670.00 ft. to Cor. No. 4;
thence S. 3 deg. 28 min. E. Var.
j 19 deg. 15 min. E. 317.40 ft. to
I Cor. No. 5; thence S. 64 deg. 43
I min. W. Var. 19 deg. 15 min. E.
| 3SG.S0 ft. to Cor. No. 6; thence S.
45 dog. 53 min. W. Var. 19 dog. 2o
min. B. 273.SO ft.; thence S. 13
dog. 25 min. E. Var. 19 dog. 05 min.
B. 400.80 tt. to place of begining,
containing 5.90S acres.
NO. ONE A HOVE DISCOVERY.
Beginning at Cor. No. 1 identical
with loc. cor. on line 1-6 of Sur. No.
747 No. 1 Above Discovery on
Wonder Creek and with Cor. No. 2 j
Discovery claim this survey, prcvi-1
ously described, IT. S. L. M. No. 11 |
be.ars S. 14 deg. 57 min. B. 4771.60!
ft.; thence N. 20 deg. 16 min. W.
Var. 19 deg. 15 min. E. 960.50 ft
| to Cor. No. 2; thence S. 4S deg. 26
min. W. Var. 19 deg. 15 min. E.
I 225.20 ft. to Cor. No. 3; thence N.
31 deg. 20 min. E. Var. 19 deg. 00
j min. B. 269.40 ft. to Cor. No. 4;
thence S. 36 deg. 42 min. E Var. 19
! deg. 10 mil). E. 647.00 ft. to Cor No.
I 5; thence S. 31 deg. 00 min. E.
i Var. 19 deg. 30 min. E. 1240.00 ft.
to Cor. No. 6; thence S. 69 deg. 45
| min. W. Var. 19 deg. 15 min. E.
| 670.00 ft. to Cor. No. 7; thence S.
9 deg. 57 min. W. Var. 19 deg. 10
| min. E. 209.40 ft. to place of be
| ginning, containing 16.656 acres.
Said claims are situated on un
I surveyed ground on Lake Creek
about 4.5 miles north of the Town
of Nome, in fthe Cape Nome Record
ing District, Alaska.
U. S. Location Monument No. 11
to which said claims are tied, is a
fir post 6 ins. sq. 5 ft. above ground
in stone mound 3 ft. high 6 ft. base
scribed U. S. L. M. No. 11, is situat
ed about 2.75 miles Northeasterly
from mouth of Snake River and
about 70 ft. east of the Bessie road.
Is in Latitude 64 deg. 32 min. North
Longitude 165 deg. 22 min. West.
Original locations recorded in Vol.
99 Page 445 and 16 Page 116 and
Amended locations recorded in Vol.
165 Page 225 and Vol. 199 Page
85, Records of Cape Nome Record
ing District, Alaska.
The adjoining claims are; On the
North No. 2 Above on Lake Creek,
Survey No. 698 and Gold Bug Claim
Survey No. 4 34; on the East un
surveyed; on the South No. 1
Below on Saturday Creek Sur. No.
1117 and No. 2 Below on Saturday
Creek, Sur. No. 695; on the West,
No. 1 Above on Wonder Creek Sur.
No. 74 7. There are no conflicting
. claims.
G. A. ADAMS.
Register.
; Date of first publ., Dec. 20, 1916.
Date of last publ., Feb. 21, 1917.
HOT TAMALES
The Rose Candy Store And
Arctic Bakery
Commencing Monday, Jan. 22, we will have a guessing
contest. Guess how many Candies the jar ocntaln and win a
pretty leather sewing box filled with Chocolates.
One guess for everybody. Closes Jan. Slst at 12 P. M.
maBiaaaHaiaaaaaaMaBiBBi^^
i MBdBWaiBieiBKHBIOiBIglMtMOMOiaiPIOIOIBKlW
BIDS
FOR DISMANTLING SHORE TOWER OF CABLEWAY WILL
BE RECEIVED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ALASKA LIGHTER
AGE & COMMERCIAL CO. CP TO 0 P. M. FEBRUARY 10TH
1JJ17, WHERE SPECIFICATIONS CAN NOW BE SEEN. RIGHT
IS RESERVED TO AWARD CONTRACT TO ANY RESPONS
IBLE BIDDER, AND TO REJECT ANY OR ALL BIDS AT
DISCRETION OF COMPANY.
ALASKA LIGHTERAGE S COM! GO.
WWllBIBIOBBliiKiRKBIftriBIMBIBIGIBIBIBIBHUBBBBIBBKBKKBBCTiBKMBBBBBBIBBBWi
D. E. Crowley Groc. Co.
i
i
IsfQfiWifiWIliKfifiKKIlWiKKWIfiSifiAKlUfiSfiWil'WSr Bfi!IK!f9N!fi!fiXWX!fCfi!RIEfiKK!nHnnnHK
Kent Transfer 0o.
General Transfer & Freighting
Qoaj & OH
Phone Main 139.
AT
PHIL MURPHY’S
MACKINAWS, OREGON CITY MILLS. PANTS.. HEAVY WOOL
MlDLICOTT UNDERWEAR.
SWEATERS, LIGHT OR HEAVY.
FUR ROBES
PARKAS, MITTS/ GLOVES & CAPS.
MURPHY HAS THE GOODS
<!'•!■ 4<ai,4,4a4'4i4,4,4i4a4'4' W •!• •!• 4• ■!• •!• ■4* *J" *S* *5* *5* ^* *£* *f*
Men's Women’s Children’s
Since the opening of Navigation we have rec /ved 3270 pairs
of SHOES and RUBBER FOOTWEAR. Every bpat brings more.
“There is a reason”. Our prices are right and our business has
been built by satisfactory service to our patrons.
~pTa. PETERSON SHOE CO.
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