fM—naqgj——r— ii■■ «i■ ■ 1 —
Minerals And 1
(BY W. E. H. CREMER)
' According to Science the solid
crust of the Planet is about 800
miles thick. The interior of the
Planet on account of its enormous
weight is semi-liquid. If you should
take all the known “Metals”—Oils,
fats, salts, precious stones, ect., and
place them in a large crucible, sub
ject them to a severe fire test,
the following would take place: As
the heat increased each in turn
would separate itself in the form of
gas. Increase the heat to the high
est known to science, and all min
eral in the container would become
individual, and separate.
I contend that the Planet is so
constituted that it is a Labratory in
itself, and functions along the above
described lines. As an example,
take one of our large cities—New
Orleans for instance. If the mouth
of the Mississippi River should
change its course, and bury the city
with all its wealth, under a mass
of silt and mud. What would hap
pen? Pressure creates heat and re
leases the first gases, just as it
would in the crucible. The silt and
mud under pressure turns into sand
stone and shale. As the river de
posits more mud and silt on the pre
vious deposit of silt and mud that
has already turned into sandstone,
causing greater heat by pressure,
thereby fusing and releasing more
minerals. Also by reason of pres
sure and heat, changing the sand
stone into schist. More pressure by
reason of more over burden furn
ished by the constant erosion and
runoff of large streams, keep adding
weight until the schist changes into
schistose, then into Gneiss, and fin
ally into granite. Under the granite
is the basalt formation. Practically
liquid. By this time mostly all the
minerals, etc., that were contained
in the top surface, or the city of
New Orleans, had been released and
found final lodgement in fissures
and fractures.
Old Spanish fortifications built in
the seventeenth century on premon
itories at the mouth of the Mississ
ippi River, are now more than 12
feet under water. All of these de
posits at the mouth of large rivers
have a curvature of about 45 de
grees, owing to the continental
shelf, and the curvature of the Pla
net
What effect has this constant ero
sion of soil on the Planet that con
tinuously seeks Ocean level? There
is a specific law governing the divi
sion of land and water. In other
words there is a perfect balance.
So much sbftd is almost constantly
above sea level.
The enormous tonnage of silt and
mud that runs into the ocean which
furnishes feed for the different
kinds and varieties of ocean life.
The building up of coral reefs that
depress the ocean bottom and force
land masses and entire continents
above sea level.
Islands like Fire Island and Bogis
loff, that recently were elevated
from the ocean depths in the Aleu
tian Islands group, are caused by
reason of the enormous amount of
silt and ipud discharged by large
and small streams like the Yukon,
Kuskokwim, Amazon and Mississ
ippi Rivers. In fact by all the
streams of the Planet.
This appears to be a law of nature,
that constantly keeps renewing the
whole Planet. Earthquakes are a
direct result of this depression,when
the balance of land and water be
come unequal, and need readjust
ment. Volcanoes are closely con
nected with this depression of the
ocean bottom. Volcanoes are deep
er seated than a good many-people
imagine, and no doubt extend down
to the liquid interior of the Planet.
If the ocean bottom is sufficiently
depressed, there is no reason to
duobt why liquid matter should not
be forced to the surface.
Organic life—Why present in one
formation and absent in others. The
same causes that fused metals, also
destroyed all traces of organic mat
ter. We have seen how rock forma
tions continuously alter under pres
ure. Organic remains are found in
one formation, and not in others.
Formations are classed and judged
by the organic remains found in
them. The crust of the Planet was
Inot layed down like the leaves in
a book and numbered 1, 2, 3.
In a mineralized country like
Seward Peninsula, you can enumer
ate almost all the known formations
of the Planet—Sandstone, shale,
schist, schistose, limestone, green
stone, quartz, gneiss granite, lavas,
etc. Miners know that it is useless
to seek certain minerals in such and
such formation. The reason for
this is that as a certain formation
was under pressure and heat, only
certain minerals were fused and re
leased. Granite is supposed to be
one of the oldest formations and
one of the deepest under the crust
of the earth. Now what is this
granite doing on the surface. Walk
jover a large granite formation, kick
a boulder and it crumbles—Wind
and water again carry this material
j out in the ocean, and again subject
I it to heat and pressure. So the cycle
continues* until the entire Planet
returns whence it originated.
Respectfully submitted to the
Mining Fraternity,
W. E. H. CREMER,
Nome, Alaska.
PAA LOCKHEED
ELECTRA TO BE
NOME MAIL RUN
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(Continued From Page One)
has a capacity of 10 passengers and
two pilots, is radio equipped, and
is constructed with the retractable
landing gear which means so much
| to the cruising speed of high-speed
airplanes. It is an all-metal, low
wing monoplane, bi-motored, with
the new dual-rudder and tail sur
faces. Streamlining has been carried
j to the nth degree in the construc
tion of this airplane.
The Pacific Alaska Airways will
maintain, it is reported, the Electra,
on the regular mail run between
Nome and Fairbanks until early in
i April when it will be dispatched to
the Fairbanks-Juneau schedule now
being arranged.
Another step has been made for
ward in the progress of Alaskan
aviation. The fact that the P.A.A.
Electra completed the regular nine
mail stops today on the winter con
: tract flying schedule proves that high
speed ships are practical and effici
ent in Alaska. It has a landing speed
of about 64 miles an hour and its
take-off is accomplished with almost
the same dispatch as other planes.
The plane will remain over tonight
and return to Fairbanks tomorrow
with the mail.
-- f
LOMEN COMMERCIAL CO.
LADYSMITH $22.50
UTAH STOVE $23.50
PA. ANTOACITE $35.00
IN THE YARD
PUT IN YOUR WINTER
COAL SUPPLY NOW
fueloil)
(2 7 GRAVITY)
FOR YOUR OILBURNER
A STANDARD OIL PRODUCT
LOCAL NEWS
The Ladies Aid Society of the Fe
derated Church will meet at the
Nurses Home tomorrow afternoon,
with Miss W ret ling. Annual election
of officers.
Pilot Brown of the NAT returned
from Kotzebue by way of Candle
this afternoon with W. A. Oliver,
manager as a passenger.
Pilot Lynn was reported to have
landed at Fairbanks today noon with
the Nome passengers in a Northern
Air Transport plane. He took off
again'at 1 p.m. for a flight to Tan
ana, Nenana and Ruby.
Pilot Ross of the Northern Air
Transport made a round trip yes
terday from Fairbanks to Ruby and
return, picking up some passengers
enroute to the states. This special
flight was necessary because of the
large load which Pilot Lynn had
upon leaving Nome Wednesday.
Pilot Whaley of the Roust Airways
took off this morning for northern
points. He had as passengers Anth
ony and Norman Rolando for Iron
Creek, and E. Baker for Taylor
Creek. Deputy Marshal Joe Crab
tree was a passenger enroute to
Kotzebue to bring back a prisoner.
The plane is also to call in at Hot
Springs, Candle, and Deering. On the
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return flight the plane will stop at
Taylor and bring Mrs. Edna Christ
offerson to Nome.
Pilot Mirow of the Mirow Air
Service returned from his northern
flight, after stopping _at Shungnak,
Kotzebue, Baldwin, Deering and
Candle. Miss Carlsqn was flown
from Kotzebue to Shungnak, and
Joe Fortune was brought to Nome.
He is enroute to Fairbanks and the
states. Pilot Mirow also brought
down a shipment of fur and a car
go of Shee fish. He is scheduled
for a flight to Fairbanks tomorrow,
weather permitting.
Included in the editorial columns
of today’s edition is contained an
editorial from the Valdez Weekly
Miner, Managing Editor H. B. Selby.
It is one of the finest editorials writ
ten on home town support and dis
tincly shows that the representation
in the December 14th, 1934 issue of
the paper, is clearly behind the ef
forts of the newspaper to promote
the City of Valdez and all of its in
dustries and opportunities for pro
gress.
That particular issue of the Val
dez Weekly Miner was received re
cently and consisted of a 24-page,
5 column publication. Editor Selby
explained that it was not a special
edition but an expression of the con
fidence of the business men of Val
dez in the future prosperity of Val
dez. Besides its remarkable repre
sentations of advertising from the
business houses of Valdez, the pub
lication contained news of the en
tire territory of Alaska. Composed
and printed in a fine example of
newspaper style and execution, the
Valdez Weekly Miner, is again head
ed for a ranking place with the
newspapers of Alaska, in promoting
their Territory and their cities and
businesses. ^
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NEWLY PRINTED FORMS
FOR
PLACER LOCATIONS
AND
LODE LOCATIONS
ALSO
DEED FORMS'
ON SALE AT
THE NUGGET OFFICE
| • • 1.- ..i'5’- - • i
DR. REX F. SWARTZ
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
Office Hour* 1—4 P. M.
„ Now Located la
Office Indian Aft. Bid*.
Nome, Alaaka.
»uuua;i.nMui.. , ■ -—
ONE SHOW __ 7:30 P. M.
FRIDAY .
Dream Theatre
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JANET GAYNOR
AND
CHARLES FARRELL
IN
“MERELY MARY ANN”
FROM THE FAMOUS STAGE PLAY OF
THE SAME TITLE
ALSO .
SELECTED COMEDY
AND
MAGIC CARPET SCENES
ADULTS 55 Cents—CHILDREN 25 Cents
ONE SHOW 7:30 P.M.
LARGEST EXCLUSIVE HARDWARE
STORE ON SEWARD PENINSULA
Mining and Dredging Supplies
Agents For Lang Stoves and Ranges „
Paints, Oils, Glass, Wall Paper, Etc.
JOHN UCHTENBERG
HARDWARE—WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
1934 PACK
GOLOVIN BAY
HERRING
PER BARREL $11.00
PER KIT i00
PER POUND .15
I
WE HAVE ONLY A VERY
. ' - it
LIMITED SUPPLY
BUY YOUR REQUIREMENTS
NOW
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T' .
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