THE NOME NUGGET
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W. A. and EMILY BOUCHER. Editors
Entered as second class matter October 14. 1943, at the postoff^*
at Nome, Alaska, under the Act of March 3, 1879.
Wednesday, April 30, 1947
A Puppet Speaks
(Cincinnati Enquirer)
PREMIER SHIGERU YOSHIDA of Japan ha- de
clared in the plainest terms his belief that American
military forces should remain in Japan indefinitely,
long after any treaty of oeace is signed. He wants Amer
ican supervision, not UN supervision. And he does not
hide his fear that Japan would have trouble with the
Soviet Union, once the American occupancy was term
inated.
All this may, or may not, be true. But. in any event,
we need to recognize that this advice comes from a oup
pet Premier. It is natural for us in America to think of
Yoshida as a high-minded, democratically inclined indi
vidual, chosen freely by the Japanese people through
their legislature. But for most of the world Yoshida is
simply a tool of General MacArthur and of the United
States. His position is that of a Quisling, and is compar
able to that of the puppet rulers who presided over Man
churia, the Philippines and North China under Japan
ese occupation.
Undoubtedly, the Japanese agree with Yoshida, today,
in preferring American supervision to that of the UN.
They have only to look at Germany to see the tragic re
sults of divi.ded authority. UN supervision over Japan
would entail debates and deadlocks before each direc
tive was issued to the Tokyo Government.
Yet, the fact remains that military occupation has
served its purpose in Japan. The surveillance required
from here onward is precisely the sort of responsibility
the UN is fitted to carry. The longer we remain in ex
clusive control of Japan, the more we feed the suspiciou
of the world that an American imperialism is in the
making.
Whatever we do in respect to Japan, we cannot attach
very much weight to the plea of our own puppet for con
tinued American occupation. And once we recognize
that the United States has its puppets abroad, just as
Germany and Japan have had, we can more quickly
sense the dangers of a prolonged occupation of Japan
exclusively American in nature.
Atlantic Charter—fiiv1 Truman’s Policy
(Rocky Mountain News)
THE WALLACE-PEPPER ‘Russia-can-do-no-wrong’
school holds that President Truman’s Greek-Turkish
policy is breaking with the Roosevelt foreign policy and
by-passing the United Nations.
The Moscow press takes the same line.
Let’s see about that.
The Roosevelt-Churchill meeting on the Atlantic
Ocean in August, 1941, has been called the birthplace of
the United Nations. The eight principles agreed upon at
that meeting, given to the world as the Atlantic Charter,
became the rallying cry of the Allies.
The United Nations subscribed to those principles in
a ringing preamble to its initial declaration, Jan. 1,1942.
The Soviet Union signed that declaration, and subse
quently endorsed the same principles' at Tehran and
Yalta.
Point 3 of the Atlantic Charter recognized “the right
of all peoples to choose the form of government under
which they will live.” The Greek people made their
choice a year ago by an overwhelming vote, at an elec
tion regarded fair by official American, British and
French observers. Russia was asked to send observers,
but declined for reasons now apparent.
The Soviets do not subscribe to the principle of ma
jority rule. We do.
We also support point 2 of the Charter which opposes
territorial changes “that do not accord with the freely
expressed wishes of the people concerned.” In seeking
Turkish territory by intimidation, Russia is violating
that principle, as well as point 6 of the charter.
That point dedicated the Allies to a peace which
would afford ail nations the means of dwelling in safety
wv.h n .heir own boundaries in “freedom from fear and
want.”
The Greek and Turkish situations should be present eel
to the United Nations. So should Russia’s breach o: faith
with China, and the strong-arm methods bv which
i'' undermining majority rule in Hungary. World opin
ion must be mobilized against aggression everywhere.
Bu+ until the issues in the Greek and Turkish cncc?
*v*oper!y can be debated, some power must act before
he conquests of those countries become accomplished
focts, otherwise, when these cases are called for hearin?;.
Greece and Turkey would be represented by Moscow
stages, appointed by the Kremlin to sell them down the
river. That almost happened in Iran. It did happen in the
case of Poland.
President Truman is keeping faith with the letter an;’
’he spirit of the Atlantic Charter, the cornerstone of the
Roosevelt foreign policy, by urging the course he has
projected for Greece and Turkey.
Realistically, he also has recognized that only big
’■ower intervention can halt Russian aggression, whe
ther inside or outside the United Nations. For Russia
by her misuse of the veto power, has prevented that or
ganization from assuming its rightful position as the ar
biter among nations.
Until the Soviets change their whole attitude, the
United Nations can be little more than an open forum
and a sounding board, for it has been left without power
to enforce any of its findings.
—
Lhisi Legislation
" i
CHAIRMAN GURNEY of the Senate Armed Forces
Committee promises to speedup drive to put the army
and navy in condition for any eventuality.
He lists, as “must” legislation, armed forces unifica
tion, universal military training and an adequate mili-'
tarv budget.
“You can’t talk a tough foreign policy without having
the means to back it up,” Senator Gurney says. We hope
Congress accepts that view.
Whether we choose to term our foreign policy tough,
firm or merely realistic, we are asking for trouble un
less we are prepared to defend ourselves. The best in
surance against a blitz attack is to be too well-prepared
to invite one.
We should have unification and universal military
training now, and the funds to support both programs.
■■ ■■ — — ■
THAT’S THAT By bruce gustin |
The Council of American-Soviet
Frien^hio says “it is noteworthy
that Russia is the only nation in
the world which has been on the
winning side in two successive
wars without having made any ter
ritorial gains but on the contrary
has shrunk in size.” Such propa
ganda is an insult to the intelli
gence of the American people.
In the first place, 'Russia was not
on the winning side in two succes
sive wars. True, she started on the
Allied side in World War I. But
she caved in to Germany before
the conflict finished. With German
assistance, Communist conspirators
were smuggled into Russia, helped
to foment revolution there, and the
new Soviet government negotiated
a separate peace with the Ger
mans.
Russia did suffer territorial las -
es after World War I but she made
tremendous gains in World War II.
Recently, Senator Eastland of Mis
sissippi declared on the floor of the
Senate that “sixteen nations or
parts of nations, inhabited by 273
million people have come under
the dominance of the Hammer and
Sickle as a result of recent aggres
sion. Russia has more than doubled
her population and tripled her re
sources.”
Congressman Merrow of New
Hampshire put into the Congres-i
?:onal Record a tabulation by Wil
liam Henry Chamberlain, which
appeared in the American Mer
cury, May, 1946, showing that
since September, 1939, Soviet Rus
sia has annexed 273,947 square
miles of territory. This tabulation
does not include a large part of
Poland, and Bulgaria, Romania,
Albania, Yugoslavia, Hungary and
Czechoslavakia which are domin
ated by Russia through puppet i
governments and Communist in
fluence.
Tentative approval by the lower
house of Congress, of a ban on in-1
dustdywide bargaining was a step
’hr* rir»ht direction. Allowing in
s try wide bargaining invited na
‘imwide strikes. What passes for
bargaining under such a system is
no more bargaining than what
happens in a stic^up. The union
enters the conference room with a
stride club on its shoulder.
Congressman Hill of Colorado
has presented some convincing fig
ures to support his contention that
a real reduction could be made in
federal expenditures by complete
reorganization of the executive de
cartment. Instead of 521 ^srencie*
in 1932, there now are 1,141. “At
cast ninety-three agencies, operat
ing under seventeen government
mblishments, lend government
funds” Hill points out. “Statistics
v e collected and published by six
y five different agencies. Labor
• jblems are handled by twenty
. urn. business problems by sixty
. r. acquisition of land by thirty
. ac, social welfare by twenty
r, and insurance by twenty
- . ^ M
h .aages proposed by President
. man in the neutrality law to
v. imi the administration to limit
. as embargoes to unfriendly na
. jus certainly are desirable. As
.. j law now stands, we must treat
.. .e aggressor and aggrieved,
.peacemaker and troublemaker.
. urrectly, the President says “such
.1 provision is no longer consistent
Y.'.ih this country’s commitments
and requirements.”
o.’hether we like it or not, the
u:ed States is up to its ears in
.mernational and particularly Eu
gean politics.- Unless and until
he United Nations becomes a func
.oaing organization, this country
cannot safely return to a policy of
minding its own business. For its
own protection, it must be free in
any foreign controversy to dis
criminate between aggressor and
aggrieved nations, to help our
friends and withhold aid from our
enemies.
Dept. Of Health To Have
Nutrition Studies
Dr. Carroll F. Shukers and Dr.
hohn R. Totter, associate professors
;>f biochemistry at the University
f Arkansas School of Medicine,
have arrived in Alaska to conduct
a three month’s nutrition study for
he Territorial Dept, of Health.
Doctor Shukers will serve as
medical nutritionist and Dr. Totter
as biochemist in the study which
■ ill seek to appaise the nutritional
status of representative sections of
the population of Alaska. This nu
trition team will also detect clin
ical signs of malnutrition and evi
dences of deficiency diseases, in
vestigate the diets, including food
consumption, seasonal variations
in food consumption, food prepara
tion and preservation practices,
food supply and food cost. Special
effort will be made to determine
the cause of corneal opacities.
Parallel with the above studies
biochemical determination of vari
ous nutrients in the blood and
urine tvill be made.
The areas selected for the study
will be those in which eye condi
tions such as conjunctivitis and
corneal opacities have been ob
served. White Mountain is to be
the first place in which the eye
conditions will be studied. The
nutrition team will then move on
to Unalakleet and Kotzebue. A field
laboratory will be set up at each
station. .
Miss Christine Heller, nutrition
consultant for the Territorial
health department, will assist in
the study, as will Dr. Milo Fritz,
ophthalmologist, who will arrive
about June 1. Dr. Fritz is especial
!v Qualified since he has studied
• t the Eve Bank fox Sight Restora
‘iop in New York City.
Alaska Native Service personnel
will work very closely with the
health department team in making
th;s investigation successful.
The study has been made possi
ble by grants from the U. S. Pub
lic Health Service and the Nutri
tional Foundation of New York
City, as well as federal funds from
the U. S. Children’s Bureau.