section_path: Russian and U.S. intelligence operations
section_name: Russian and U.S. intelligence operations
paragraph_text: Russian and U.S. intelligence operations
  
  The Soviet Union's systemic espionage efforts in the U.S. began in the 1920s.
  
  In April 2015, CNN reported that "Russian hackers" had "penetrated sensitive parts of the White House" computers in "recent months." It was said that the FBI, the Secret Service, and other U.S. intelligence agencies categorized the attacks "among the most sophisticated attacks ever launched against U.S. government systems."
  
  In 2017, a cybersecurity specialist working in the Federal Security Service was arrested by Russian authorities on suspicion of passing information to U.S. intelligence.
  
  In June 2019, Russia said that its electrical grid had come under cyber-attack by the United States. The New York Times reported that American hackers from the United States Cyber Command planted malware potentially capable of disrupting the Russian electrical grid.
  
  US intelligence identified a fake video, allegedly produced by Russian operatives, showing individuals falsely claiming to commit voter fraud in Georgia. Aimed at creating distrust in US elections, the video prompted Georgia's election chief to request its removal from social media platforms.