section_path: Scientific career/Quantum mechanics/Einstein's objections to quantum mechanics
section_name: Einstein's objections to quantum mechanics
paragraph_text: Einstein's objections to quantum mechanics
  
  Einstein played a major role in developing quantum theory, beginning with his 1905 paper on the photoelectric effect. However, he became displeased with modern quantum mechanics as it had evolved after 1925, despite its acceptance by other physicists. He was skeptical that the randomness of quantum mechanics was fundamental rather than the result of determinism, stating that God "is not playing at dice". Until the end of his life, he continued to maintain that quantum mechanics was incomplete.