section_path: Production/Visual Effects
section_name: Visual Effects
paragraph_text: Visual Effects
  
  The visual effects were handled by Assemblage Entertainment and ReDefine. Gary Brown and Simon Frame from Assemblage and Somesh Samit Ghosh from ReDefine served as the VFX supervisors for the film.
  
  ReDefine, led by Ghosh, aimed to create a photorealistic aesthetic seamlessly integrated with the film’s live-action cinematography. Their work included reconstructing historical forts, extending landscapes, and simulating large-scale battle sequences. Emphasis was placed on achieving visual effects that supported the storytelling rather than appearing as separate, noticeable additions. The team employed a layered approach, incorporating accurate material properties, atmospheric depth, and realistic light interactions. A key directive was to maintain historical authenticity while integrating VFX with live-action footage. This objective required an extensive research process, with the team relying on photogrammetry to capture detailed textures and measurements of historical artifacts, including weaponry. Fort reconstructions were among the most technically demanding aspects of the project. Structures such as Bhorwada and Aurangzeb’s Fort were recreated based on architectural references from the relevant historical period. To achieve the necessary fidelity for large-scale cinematic shots, the surrounding environments were rendered in 8K resolution. Lighting, depth, and environmental conditions were meticulously matched to ensure that digital elements blended naturally with practical footage. Battle scenes in the film featured a complex array of digital enhancements. The VFX team augmented sequences with digital effects such as dynamic blood splatter, volumetric dust, and crowd simulations to convey scale and continuity. Key action sequences such as those set at Sangameshwar Lake and Bhorwada—presented additional challenges due to the complexity of water simulations and large-scale choreographed combat. These scenes required careful timing and integration of digital environments with physical sets to preserve realism. Attention was given to natural interactions, including water movement, debris displacement, and atmospheric effects. The production benefited from ReDefine’s adaptive VFX pipeline, which incorporated advanced rendering techniques, simulation workflows, and machine learning-assisted compositing. For certain sequences, procedural terrain generation and deep learning-based upscaling were employed to balance scalability with high visual fidelity.
  
  Assemblage led by Gary Brown and Simon Frame worked on the Lion sequence of the film. The Lion was entirely computer-generated, created with an emphasis on hyperrealism and authenticity. To ensure anatomical accuracy, the VFX team conducted extensive research into the Asiatic lion’s physical characteristics, movements, and behavior. The asset-building process involved detailed digital sculpting and advanced fur simulation, with every strand of hair animated to move naturally in response to the lion’s motion. In addition to that they enhanced environmental effects and large-scale battle sequences. Photogrammetry was used to accurately capture real-world textures for sets, props, and characters. Epic Games’ Unreal Engine facilitated real-time rendering for complex environmental FX, improving scalability and visual fidelity. These digital environments were designed to complement live-action footage and were developed with historical accuracy in mind, particularly in the recreation of forts and landscapes from the Maratha era.
  
  The visual effects were handled by Assemblage Entertainment and ReDefine. Gary Brown and Simon Frame from Assemblage and Somesh Samit Ghosh from ReDefine served as the VFX supervisors for the film.
  
  ReDefine, led by Ghosh, aimed to create a photorealistic aesthetic seamlessly integrated with the film’s live-action cinematography. Their work included reconstructing historical forts, extending landscapes, and simulating large-scale battle sequences. Emphasis was placed on achieving visual effects that supported the storytelling rather than appearing as separate, noticeable additions. The team employed a layered approach, incorporating accurate material properties, atmospheric depth, and realistic light interactions. A key directive was to maintain historical authenticity while integrating VFX with live-action footage. This objective required an extensive research process, with the team relying on photogrammetry to capture detailed textures and measurements of historical artifacts, including weaponry. Fort reconstructions were among the most technically demanding aspects of the project. Structures such as Bhorwada and Aurangzeb’s Fort were recreated based on architectural references from the relevant historical period. To achieve the necessary fidelity for large-scale cinematic shots, the surrounding environments were rendered in 8K resolution. Lighting, depth, and environmental conditions were meticulously matched to ensure that digital elements blended naturally with practical footage. Battle scenes in the film featured a complex array of digital enhancements. The VFX team augmented sequences with digital effects such as dynamic blood splatter, volumetric dust, and crowd simulations to convey scale and continuity. Key action sequences such as those set at Sangameshwar Lake and Bhorwada—presented additional challenges due to the complexity of water simulations and large-scale choreographed combat. These scenes required careful timing and integration of digital environments with physical sets to preserve realism. Attention was given to natural interactions, including water movement, debris displacement, and atmospheric effects. The production benefited from ReDefine’s adaptive VFX pipeline, which incorporated advanced rendering techniques, simulation workflows, and machine learning-assisted compositing. For certain sequences, procedural terrain generation and deep learning-based upscaling were employed to balance scalability with high visual fidelity.
  
  Assemblage led by Gary Brown and Simon Frame worked on the Lion sequence of the film. The Lion was entirely computer-generated, created with an emphasis on hyperrealism and authenticity. To ensure anatomical accuracy, the VFX team conducted extensive research into the Asiatic lion’s physical characteristics, movements, and behavior. The asset-building process involved detailed digital sculpting and advanced fur simulation, with every strand of hair animated to move naturally in response to the lion’s motion. In addition to that they enhanced environmental effects and large-scale battle sequences. Photogrammetry was used to accurately capture real-world textures for sets, props, and characters. Epic Games’ Unreal Engine facilitated real-time rendering for complex environmental FX, improving scalability and visual fidelity. These digital environments were designed to complement live-action footage and were developed with historical accuracy in mind, particularly in the recreation of forts and landscapes from the Maratha era.