section_path: Abstract
section_name: Abstract
paragraph_text: Rosario María Murillo Zambrana (Spanish pronunciation:; born 22 June 1951) is a Nicaraguan politician and poet, who is serving as co-president of Nicaragua along with her husband, President Daniel Ortega, since February 2025.
  
  Before this, she served as the vice president of Nicaragua, the country's second highest office, from 2017 to 2025 and as first lady of Nicaragua from 2007 to 2025 and from 1985 to 1990 as the wife of President Ortega. Murillo has served as the Nicaraguan government's lead spokesperson, government minister, head of the Sandinista Association of Cultural Workers, and Communications Coordinator of the Council on Communication and Citizenry. She was sworn in as vice president of Nicaragua on 10 January 2017. In August 2021, she was personally sanctioned by the European Union over alleged human rights violations.
  
  Murillo and her husband's government has been designated as a dictatorship by the U.S. Department of State, the Organization of American States, and Confidencial.