section_path: Formal use/Historical diarchies/England, Scotland and Ireland
section_name: England, Scotland and Ireland
paragraph_text: England, Scotland and Ireland
  
  Although the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland were monarchies, they became de facto diarchies in personal union during the co-rule of William II and III and Mary II. After the Glorious Revolution deposed James VII and II, his kingships were succeeded in 1689 by his daughter Mary and his son-in-law and nephew William, who jointly ruled England, Scotland and Ireland until Mary died in 1694, succeeded by William as the sole monarch.