section_path: Arrest and trial/Trial/Evidence
section_name: Evidence
paragraph_text: Evidence
  
  In the trial's second week, the prosecution called various members of Casey's family to the stand.: 1588–89 George was their first witness, and, in a response to their questioning, he denied sexually abusing his daughter. Both George and Casey's then-boyfriend testified they did not smell anything resembling human decomposition in Casey's car when she visited them while Caylee was missing, but George said he did smell something similar to human decomposition when he went to pick up the car on July 15. Cindy testified that her comment to 9-1-1 that Casey's car smelled "like someone died" was just a figure of speech, further noting that she had made "exaggerated" claims on the phone in an effort to get the police to respond quickly.
  
  The third week was chiefly devoted to forensic analysis.: 1589 The prosecution called software designer John Dennis Bradley, who testified that, based on a program he used to recover deleted searches, someone using the Anthony computer — he could not specify who — had searched for "chloroform" 84 times, "household weapons" and "neck breaking". After the trial, Bradley publicly reported that this number was an error attributable to a bug in his program, and that the computer, in fact, contained only one search for "chloroform". Two police-dog handlers indicated that their cadaver dogs had detected human decomposition, one in Casey's car and the other in the Anthony family's backyard. Chief medical examiner Jan Garavaglia, for the prosecution, testified that she determined Caylee's manner of death to be homicide based on physical and circumstantial evidence, including the fact that her death had not been reported and that chloroform had been found in Casey's car, noting that even a small amount of chloroform could result in a child's death. On cross-examination, Garavaglia admitted that toxicology tests on Caylee's bones came up negative for "volatile chemicals", but she maintained her opinion that the death was not an accident, given the lack of a report.
  
  Human identification laboratory director Michael Warren presented an animation featuring pictures of a still-living Caylee with her mother that were superimposed with Caylee's decomposed skull and the duct tape found with the body. Warren said it was his opinion that the duct tape had been placed on Caylee prior to her body's decomposition. FBI latent-fingerprints examiner Elizabeth Fontaine said that she had observed the outline of a heart-shaped sticker on the duct tape found with Warren, though by the time she tried to photograph the outline, it was no longer visible. Fontaine said that she had not found fingerprints on the tape, though she had not expected to. FBI hair analyst Sebastian Shaw testified that a hair discovered in Casey's trunk belonged to Caylee and displayed root banding; Shaw said that a study he had been running and had expedited for the trial had "so far" shown that such banding only occurred post mortem. Finally, over defense objections to scientific reliability, Arpad Vass of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory reported that air-sampling procedure performed in Casey's trunk indicated decomposition and chloroform. The defense noted that Vass had been unwilling to share his proprietary database and that his forensic technique had never previously been used in a criminal case.
  
  The defense began their case in chief in the fourth week, with forensic pathologist Dr. Werner Spitz,: 1589 who had performed an autopsy on Caylee. Spitz called Garavaglia's autopsy "shoddy", saying it was a failure that Caylee's skull was not opened during her examination. Spitz said that his own autopsy could not determine whether the child's death was a homicide and that his opinion was that the duct tape had been placed post-decomposition, saying that duct tape placed on skin would have had residual DNA. Cindy, now testifying as a defense witness, said that she had been responsible for the chloroform search on the family computer, saying she had meant to search for chlorophyll but had misremembered the term.: 1589–90 Cindy said that work records indicating she had been at work at the time of the search were incorrect, as she said they often were because she was a salaried employee. Finally, Cindy testified that their family buried their pets in blankets and plastic bags, using duct tape to seal the opening. Additionally, the defense called an FBI forensic document examiner who found no evidence of a sticker or sticker residue on the duct tape found near the child's remains.
  
  On June 30, the defense called Krystal Holloway, a volunteer in the search for Caylee, who stated she had an affair with George. According to Holloway, George said Caylee's death was "an accident that snowballed out of control". During cross-examination, prosecutors pointed to Holloway's sworn police statement, in which she said George believed, rather than knew, it was an accident. During redirect examination, Baez asked Holloway if George had told her Caylee was dead while stating publicly that she was missing, to which she replied yes. In his earlier testimony George denied the affair with Holloway and said he visited her only because she was ill. After Holloway's testimony, Judge Perry told jurors it could be used to impeach George's credibility, but it was not proof of how Caylee died, nor evidence of Casey's guilt or innocence.
  
  By the time both sides had concluded their case in chief the prosecution had called 59 witnesses for 70 different testimonies and the defense called 47 witnesses for 63 different testimonies. Casey did not testify. By the time the trial was finished, 400 pieces of evidence had been presented.
  
  In the trial's second week, the prosecution called various members of Casey's family to the stand.: 1588–89 George was their first witness, and, in a response to their questioning, he denied sexually abusing his daughter. Both George and Casey's then-boyfriend testified they did not smell anything resembling human decomposition in Casey's car when she visited them while Caylee was missing, but George said he did smell something similar to human decomposition when he went to pick up the car on July 15. Cindy testified that her comment to 9-1-1 that Casey's car smelled "like someone died" was just a figure of speech, further noting that she had made "exaggerated" claims on the phone in an effort to get the police to respond quickly.
  
  The third week was chiefly devoted to forensic analysis.: 1589 The prosecution called software designer John Dennis Bradley, who testified that, based on a program he used to recover deleted searches, someone using the Anthony computer — he could not specify who — had searched for "chloroform" 84 times, "household weapons" and "neck breaking". After the trial, Bradley publicly reported that this number was an error attributable to a bug in his program, and that the computer, in fact, contained only one search for "chloroform". Two police-dog handlers indicated that their cadaver dogs had detected human decomposition, one in Casey's car and the other in the Anthony family's backyard. Chief medical examiner Jan Garavaglia, for the prosecution, testified that she determined Caylee's manner of death to be homicide based on physical and circumstantial evidence, including the fact that her death had not been reported and that chloroform had been found in Casey's car, noting that even a small amount of chloroform could result in a child's death. On cross-examination, Garavaglia admitted that toxicology tests on Caylee's bones came up negative for "volatile chemicals", but she maintained her opinion that the death was not an accident, given the lack of a report.
  
  Human identification laboratory director Michael Warren presented an animation featuring pictures of a still-living Caylee with her mother that were superimposed with Caylee's decomposed skull and the duct tape found with the body. Warren said it was his opinion that the duct tape had been placed on Caylee prior to her body's decomposition. FBI latent-fingerprints examiner Elizabeth Fontaine said that she had observed the outline of a heart-shaped sticker on the duct tape found with Warren, though by the time she tried to photograph the outline, it was no longer visible. Fontaine said that she had not found fingerprints on the tape, though she had not expected to. FBI hair analyst Sebastian Shaw testified that a hair discovered in Casey's trunk belonged to Caylee and displayed root banding; Shaw said that a study he had been running and had expedited for the trial had "so far" shown that such banding only occurred post mortem. Finally, over defense objections to scientific reliability, Arpad Vass of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory reported that air-sampling procedure performed in Casey's trunk indicated decomposition and chloroform. The defense noted that Vass had been unwilling to share his proprietary database and that his forensic technique had never previously been used in a criminal case.
  
  The defense began their case in chief in the fourth week, with forensic pathologist Dr. Werner Spitz,: 1589 who had performed an autopsy on Caylee. Spitz called Garavaglia's autopsy "shoddy", saying it was a failure that Caylee's skull was not opened during her examination. Spitz said that his own autopsy could not determine whether the child's death was a homicide and that his opinion was that the duct tape had been placed post-decomposition, saying that duct tape placed on skin would have had residual DNA. Cindy, now testifying as a defense witness, said that she had been responsible for the chloroform search on the family computer, saying she had meant to search for chlorophyll but had misremembered the term.: 1589–90 Cindy said that work records indicating she had been at work at the time of the search were incorrect, as she said they often were because she was a salaried employee. Finally, Cindy testified that their family buried their pets in blankets and plastic bags, using duct tape to seal the opening. Additionally, the defense called an FBI forensic document examiner who found no evidence of a sticker or sticker residue on the duct tape found near the child's remains.
  
  On June 30, the defense called Krystal Holloway, a volunteer in the search for Caylee, who stated she had an affair with George. According to Holloway, George said Caylee's death was "an accident that snowballed out of control". During cross-examination, prosecutors pointed to Holloway's sworn police statement, in which she said George believed, rather than knew, it was an accident. During redirect examination, Baez asked Holloway if George had told her Caylee was dead while stating publicly that she was missing, to which she replied yes. In his earlier testimony George denied the affair with Holloway and said he visited her only because she was ill. After Holloway's testimony, Judge Perry told jurors it could be used to impeach George's credibility, but it was not proof of how Caylee died, nor evidence of Casey's guilt or innocence.
  
  By the time both sides had concluded their case in chief the prosecution had called 59 witnesses for 70 different testimonies and the defense called 47 witnesses for 63 different testimonies. Casey did not testify. By the time the trial was finished, 400 pieces of evidence had been presented.