section_path: Impacts/Humanitarian impact
section_name: Humanitarian impact
paragraph_text: Humanitarian impact
  
  The invasion contributed to the 2022 food crises. As of February 2025, 3.7 million Ukrainians were internally displaced and 6.9 million were refugees.
  
  Russian attacks on civilians, causing mass civilian casualties and displacement, have been characterised as genocide and democide. In September 2023, a UN-mandated investigative body reported that Russian occupiers had tortured Ukrainians to death, and forced families to listen as they raped women next door. The commission previously found that violations committed by Russian forces in Ukraine may constitute crimes against humanity.
  
  By August 2024, the WHO had recorded 1,940 attacks against Ukrainian health care and reported widespread double-tap attacks. In 2023, Physicians for Human Rights described Russian attacks on Ukraine's health care system as having a "reasonable basis" to be considered war crimes, and could potentially constitute crimes against humanity.