text: satisfaction was a remedy for juridical injury to a State regardless of the presence of any material damage. The distinction between satisfaction and other forms of remedy was not only in terms of the injury it covered, but also in terms of the forms it took. The Special Rapporteur noted that expressions of regret, punishment of the responsible person, safeguards against repetition, saluting the flag, payment of some symbolic sum, a judicial declaration, etc., were often mentioned in literature. He stated that the views expressed in literature seemed to be supported by State practice. While there were few judicial decisions enplicitly granting forms of satisfaction, presumably because tribunals were inclined to feel that they lacked competence with regard to such forms of reparation, there was an impressive CQZPUB of diplomatic practice where satisfaction was granted. A more notable case in which satisfaction seemed to have been denied was the L&&&A 2641 case, where the arbitrator concluded that superimposing a penalty in addition to full compensation (with the qualifying word exemplary, vindictive or punitive) would in his view he a hopeless confusion of terms, In the view of the arbitrator, such matters should have been settled at the diplomatic level, The Special Rapporteur interpreted this decision as having been based on lack 0 f competence . There were, however, other judicial decisions, tho Special Rapporteur noted, that supported granting satisfaction. Those cases included QLLL&B, z.w# MBnOUbBl uw# Corfu_Channel, XL/I XJQ...A~~~B, 2681 and the-Affair, 24.21 389. The Special Rapporteur stated that the relevant practice should be divided into three periods8 (a) prior to the First World War; (b) between the --.- 264/ 24x/ 2 6.6 / 2611 I 2.641 26.91 ISupra, note 241. UNRIAA, vol. 2, p. 475. Lbid*fl p. 458. mu.ts, 1949, p* 12. UNRIAA, vol. 3, p. 1618.
analysis: The text appears to be discussing a legal topic related to international relations, specifically the concept of "satisfaction" as a remedy for juridical injury to a State. The language used is formal and technical, suggesting a specialized field. The text also references international agreements, treaties, and court decisions, which further supports the conclusion that the topic is legal and international in nature.