text: Article 2' This article' adopted on second reading in 1gg4. provides an example of the inbalance previouslv referred to. ta "a"i.= in fact that the laws of the state should be respected oy uli.n" ,uho eiihe; ,,;;;;;; or are present,, in its terrlrory. should the definition of alien in article i-i.-an"a of a person who ,,re-stdes,,. then;::":::::t ;i: :ff:";:i;on rake into accounr the b.ha,,iour or rhose ,'r,o-,,","or a p"rson-,;"'.;t" ",""::lll''"ftff}.-Tf; ;::il:":i:,::til::::"J:";:t;: T":':: recognizing riqbts. not that of placinq re;;r;;;:ii::il;:'.;il:: :i"::.:""trictions ,"uv ot'.'io,"ii"lX'"ll'Ti."i: :;::i:::':l or trernstrument adhered a" o"'irl.'iliss. specificallv prohibited bv an internationar Article 4. Should rre completely restructuredi it contatns a nLtmber of provisions that restrict the riqhts set forth in the univers;t oectaraiio" "i'"J."I'*rqhts and lhe Jnternational Covenant on Civil and political Rlqhts: (aJ paragraph 1e, it is a merging of the rights set forth in paraqraphs 18 and 19 0f Lhe rnternarional covenant "" ii"ir'""a poritical Riqhts and 18 and 19 .'f the Universal Declaration of Human niehts. -i^j". an" beadi.ng of paragraph I of A/ 40 /638 / Add '\ Enqlish Page 3 article 4, there ls no mention of the fact that - except for the riqht to hold opinions * the others (freedom of thouqht, conscience and reliqion) accordinq to article 4. paragraph 2. of the above-nentioned Covenant' fall into tbe category of rights fo t,icf, no derogation may be made, not even ln time of public enerqency' l'he subparaqraph lists them with other rights which - on the contrary - can De derogated, thereby creating a possible cause of confusion wbich miqht lead to tbink that national legislatron can indeed provide for restrictions on such riqhts' tb) Paragraph 2: its headinq adds a new possibility of restrictinq rights' that of "public safety" which is not contained in eitber article 12 of Lhe covenant or in arti.cLe 29 of tbe glieglsal Declaralion' The Covenant (art' 1B' para' 3) doesindeedprovideforsucharestriction,butonlyinre].ationtotheriqhtto manifest one,s religions (sutpara, 2 (d)). and certainly noL' for instance' in the case of the rlghts enurnerated in subparagraph 2 (a) ' 2 (b) and 2 (c) ' {c) Neu proposed paraql:aph! it would restrict aIl tbe riqbts contained in
analysis: The text appears to be discussing human rights and international law, specifically criticizing certain provisions in an article that restrict individual rights. It seems to be focused on the protection of human rights and the potential for national legislation to infringe upon them.