text: munities, which deny young children and women the right to con­ sume certain nutritious items like eggs, parts of chicken, etc., as well as ignorance of the properties of various food items, a full-scale programme of education for all ages and categories of people is necessary. Community and social workers, agricultural· extension and community health workers, school-teachers, nurses, etc. all need to be made aware of the importance of nutrition and the food items in their communities or areas that will ensure a balanced diet. These "change agents" should then incorporate nutrition education and advice in their activities directed at the public, their clients or their pupils. 10. Nutrition programmes are particularly important for lactat­ ing mothers, pregnant women, babies and young children. But all ages need the information as well as a balanced diet. Existing programmes are not sufficiently .,., ide spread, and not intensive enough to reach the majority of the people. 11. The range and urgency of health requirements in Africa have 140 E/ECA/CN.9/5 been beyond the scope of conventional medical facilities, because they are largely hospital-based and are expensive in terms of both the trained manpower needed and modern facilities. It will take decades and much expenditure to provide adequate hospital services for all the people. 12. The decision taken at the international conference on primary health care held in Alma-Ata in 1978, to re-orient the provision of health services and generate the impetus for im­ proved health from the grass roots, has been widely accepted. It provides a reasonable hope of getting prompt services to the people and quickly eliminating incipient health problems. Many programmes to implement Primary Health Care (PHC) have been launched, but it is still too early to determine the extent of their success. 
analysis: The text discusses the importance of nutrition education and primary health care in Africa, highlighting the need for a full-scale program to educate people of all ages and categories. It emphasizes the significance of nutrition for lactating mothers, pregnant women, babies, and young children, and notes that existing programs are not sufficient. The text also touches on the limitations of conventional medical facilities in Africa. These themes suggest that the text is primarily focused on health and education.