text: and biological diversity of Namibia an3 the utilixation of living natural nresources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Nsmibians, both present and future . . .‘I. - 158 -2. WaZarcourse States shall, individually or jointly, prevent, reduce and control pollution of an international watercourse [system] that may cause appreciable harm to other watercourse States or to their environment, including harm to human health or safety, to the uso of the waters for eny beneficial purpose or to tho living resources of the international watercourse (system]. Watercourse States shall take steps to harmonire their policies in this connection. 3.Watercourse States shall, at the request of any of them, consult with a view to establiehing lists of substances, the introduction of which into the waters of an international watercourse [system] is to be prohibited, limited, investigated or monitored. (1) Article 23 establishes the fundamental obligation to prevent, reduce and control the pollution of international watercourse[s] [systems]. The article is based on article 16 [17] proposed in the Fourth report of the Special Rapporteur (A/CN.4/412/Add.2). It contains three paragraphs, the first of which defines the term “pollution” , while the second lays down the obligation just referred to, and the third establishee a procedure for drawing up agreed lists of dangerous substances that should be subjected to special controls. (2) m&J contains a general definition of the term “pollution”, as , that term is used in the present draft articles. While it contains the basic elements found %n other definitions of the term, -1 paragraph 1 is more 1&w See. e.g. article 1% of the Helsinki Rules on the Uses of the Waters of International Rivers, adopted in 1966 by the International Law Association ( I LA 1, RePort:_afiPliftv-eecoadConfarance (19671, p. 484~ article I,
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the management and conservation of natural resources, specifically water resources, and the impact of pollution on the environment and human health. It is not explicitly related to economic development, industry, or international trade. While it may have indirect implications for employment and humanitarian aid, the primary focus is on the environment and natural resources.