text: eventual de-escalation bythemostheavily armedPowers. Butthedebateoninternational securi~' isnotlimited totheproblems of nuclear disarmament. TheStockholm Conference onConfidence- andSecurity-Building Measures and Disarmament inEuropeistoourmindveryimportant. Thirty-five Statesare participating andareseeking todefineconcrete measures toestablish confidence amoligall. Inaddition tothreatsofconventional conflicts, thespectre oftheuseof chemical weapons hasalsoresurfaced recently. Ishouldliketorepeatstrongly my ~~luntry's condemnation ofanyviolation oftheGenevaProtocol of1925,whereverBCl'/td A/40/PV.lO 69-70,.. (M~.DUDes,France) ittakesplace. Francesupports andwillcontinue tosupport theefforts ofthe international comwunity and,inthefirstplace,thoseoftheSecreeary-General of theUnitedNations, toproceed without delaytoanimpartial establishment ofthe factswhereallegations oftheuseoftheseweapons havebeenmade.Francehasnot hesitated tospeakoutinfavourofthe~orkoftheConference onDisarmament towardnegotiating aconvention banning themanufacture ofchemical weapons and providing forthedestruction ofexisting stockpiles underinternational supervision. Moregenerally, thedeterioration ofthesecurity conditions intheworldisa checktodevelopment whenitdoesnotwipeitoutaltogether. Thatiswhywe repeatthatdisarmament anddevelopment mustbelinked. ThePresident ofthe FrenchRepublic madethispointin1983fromthisveryrostrum. Franceisreadyto serveashosttoaninternational conference onthissubject inParis. Therecentworkofthepreparatory committee oftheunitedNations conference ontherelationship between disarmament anddevelopment hasconfirmed duringthe courseofthesummerthereadiness ofeveryone. Iamtherefore pleased tostate againhereFrance's offer. Icomenowtothesecondpartofmystatement. Francewillspeakoutagainstallattacks onliberty, onthephysical and moralintegrity oftheindividual andthedignity ofthehumanperson, andwillact indefatigably wherever thesevaluesarethreatened. Werecently celebrated atHelsinki thetenthanniversary ofthesigning ofthe FinalActoftheConference onsecurity andCo-operation inEurope. IJP/glIr A/40/PV.IO 71 (Mr.DumaswFrance) I IThatanniversary reminds usofthegreatambitions wehadatthattime:to formulate fortheoldcontinent rulesotherthanthoseimposed bythreat, forceor ideology, buildingnotonlybetweenStatesbutalsobetweentheircitizens, newand peaceful relations basedonthesovereignty andequality ofeachStateandonthe rightofpeoples toself-determination, withrespect forhumanrights and fundamental freedoms. Letuslookbackattherecordofthepast10years.Itismixed. Certainly, Europehasescaped thewarsthataredevastating somanyotherpartsoftheworld, anditsborders havebeenrespected, andthatisthemainthing. ButeconCJmic co-operation, cultural exchanges andcontacts between peoplehavenotdeveloped as they sho~ld. Humanrightsarestillalltoooften,sometimes seriously, violated orignored. Muchstillremains tobedone,therefore. Governments mustwintheconfidence oftheircitizens. Letusearnthat confidence byguaranteeing themtheexercise ofalltheirfreedoms, without which therecanbenogenuine democracy. Letusreunite families. Letusallowpeopletomoveandideastocirculate withouthindrance. Letusguarantee freeexchanges. Letusagreetoliveinthe diversity ofourcultures. HowcanIfailtomention underthisheading oneofthetragadies ofour time-aeartheid? Theoriginoftheconflicts thatareconvulsing SOuthAfrican societyistobesoughtinthatsystem, whichisbasedonartodiousdoctrine and shameful practices. Responses toourmanyappeals havebeenannounced byPretoria; theyarenot enough. Onlybythespeedyandtotalelimination ofaeartheid willtherebe salvation forSouthAfrica.JP/gmr A/40/PV.IO 72 (Mr.Dumas,France) Theopening ofgenuine dialogue betweenallthecommunities andrecognition of thesamecivilandpolitical rightsforallSouthAfricans constitute th~only possible andacceptable basisforchange. Thecurrent repression andviolence can onlyleadtoanimpasse. Facedwiththedeteriorating situation, Francefeltthetimehadcometotake concrete initiatives. AsearlyasMay1985thePrimeMinister announced the Government's intention totakemeasures against Pretoria ifsignificant progress wasnotmadewithinareasonable periodoftime.Because oftheworsening situation resulting fromtheimposition ofastateofemergency, Francerecalled itsAmbassador anddecided ontheimmediate suspension ofanynewinvestment in SouthAfrica. Itthenwonadoption intheSecurity Councilofresolution 569(1985), whichrecommends thatStatestakevoluntary measures against South
analysis: This text appears to be a speech by a French diplomat, focusing on international security, disarmament, human rights, and humanitarian issues. It does not discuss economic development, natural resources, or industry, and while it mentions international relations and cooperation, it does not specifically address trade, education, employment, or culture.