text: peace?Isitmerelytheabsence ofwar,ofwarbetween nations, ofwarbetween men?Orispeacesomething moretranscendental whichsignifies thefreedomofmen fromallformsofviolence, fromallformsofconflict? Ibelieveittobean innerstateofmindprojected bymanastheconduct tobefollowed byallnations; butrealistically weknowthatmanygenerations ~illpassbeforethisgoalis actually achieved. Therealitythatsustains usisquitedifferent. Therawmaterial ofourwork isprovided bytheharshlandscape ofourtimes: onebese~withviolence, egotism, retaliation, dependence Ikwardness, servitude, nuclear war,theillsof starvation, cultural o1sparities, assaults ontheecology, pollution, terrorism, greedandexploitation.NR/rd A/40/PV.,-4 23 (President Sarney) Thepeaceoftodayisnotyettruepeace.Itiswarindisguise. Thefirst pathleading topeaceisfreedom; andthepolitical organization offreedomis eemocracy. Free.peoples donotwagewar;therewillbenowar:Jetween democratic peoples thatdecidetheirowndestinies without submitting topersonal tyrannies andtoideological fanaticisms. Waranddemocracy, warandfreedom are incompatible terms. AsClausewitz pointed out,warexistsonlywhensovereign Statesexist. Likewise, wecanaffirmthatpeaceful, consensual solutions prevail whenfreeanddemocratically developeo nationsexist:withpermanent institutions, withfullyoperational powers, andwiththepeoplethemselves makingthe decisions. ThusthebestwayfortheUnitedNations toworkforpeaceistowork fordemocracy. WeBrazilians followthi,sexample. rJeemerged fromconflict through democracy. Onthedaythepeoplefeltthaycoulddecide, theydidnot chooseviolence. Theyoptedfordialogue, fornegotiation. Weareapproaching theendofthecentury. ThetaskoftheUnitedNations has beentomanagecircumstantial conflicts. Itistimeforustoreactvigorously againstthismarginal role,restoring totheOrganization theprerogatives and rightsderiving fromitsoverall responsibility toallpeoples inmatters pertaining topeaceandsecurity. Thepriority forthefifthdecadeinthelifeoftheUnitedNations shouldbe aprogramme ofrevitali~ation withthefollowing objectives: tohelpdefusethe tensions oftherenewed confrontation between thetwopowerblocs;tocreateanew economic orderbasedondevelopment andsocialjustice; toexplore theentire negotiating potential oftheOrganization topromote solutions fortheregional conflicts whichareproliferating inthethirdworld;andtoregainamajorrolein thenegotiations forthereduction, control andelimination ofarms,withemphasis onthosewithgreater destructive power._c;.·...- A/40/PV.4 24-25,'~,: (president Barn9Y) However, freedCllis notrefltricted totheeierciseof apolitical, right•.Asa colllpOnentof thewell-being ofeachofuswehavea·great80cial debt,alllOral debt tothepooroftheent.ireworldwhoarethehumanbeingswecallbrothers butwhOIl wetreatasthoughtheywerenot.DIS/S A/40/i'~.4•26"11'.' (President Sarney) "Themeaningoffreedom forcontemporary manisrtotlDerelytheabsenceof coercion orofinterference. Itistheprospect ofahappylifeforoneself and forone'sown.Thencetheconceptoffreedom whichconcerns itselfspecifically withtheactualconditions ofafreelifeandstrives topromote thebroadest possible equality ofopportunity. Modern manisonewhoselifetodayreflects ". Jefferson's dreamofthepersonal andcollective pursuit ofhappiness. Equality ofopportunity isthemainstay ofsocialfreedom, enabling themarket toservemankind ratherthanmankind serving themarket. Without adiversity of valuesandmultiple ways ~flife,freedom doesnotflourish, butlanguishes in privilege anddrownsinoppression. Shortly beforethecreation oftheUnitedNations, Churchill andRoosevelt heldadialogue atHydePark.Roosevelt askedhowpeacecouldbeassured and Churchill replied, RByanAnglo-American alliance. RButRoosevelt retorted, RNo: byimproving livingconditions throughout theworld. S Irepeat, thatfortheretobepeacetheremustbedemocracy andfreedom: a freedomwithout hunger. Theworldcannotenjoypeacesolongasthereisasingle hungrymouthanywhere onthefaceoftheearth,asinglechilddyingforlackof milk,asinglehumanbeingsuffering forlackofbtead. Thecomingcenturywillbe thecenturyofsocialized food.Theimageofthematerdolorosa intheAf·;~can desertishumiliating tous.Foodstuffs cannotcontinue tobemerespeCUlative commodities ontheexchange markets. Science andtechnology arehere,announcing a neweraofabundance through genetic engineering. Man,whohasbeenabletobreak throughthebarriers ofEarthandtakeoffforthedistantstars,cannotbe incapable oferadicating hunger. Whatisrequired isauniversal willtodoso. Thatisadecision whichmustbetak~nwithout vetoes. Itisurgenttohaveaplan ofpeacefortheelimination ofhqnger.EMS/S A/40/PV.4 27 (President Sarney) Brazil, whichexperiences theparadoxofbeingamajorproducer offoodwhile
analysis: The text discusses the concept of peace, its relation to freedom and democracy, and the need for a universal will to eradicate hunger and promote social justice. It also touches on the role of the United Nations in promoting peace and democracy, as well as the importance of improving living conditions worldwide.