text: economic development of the country and are deemed as goats to be achieved by means of Rand D subjects to be dealt wfth In order to give solution to the problems; thus. each social-economic guldel lne can originate one or several problems grouping a nUMber. of subJects. At ·present, thete are four categor les of R & D Proble11s: Major Problems of the State; Major Problems· In the f leI d of MedtclneJ Major Problems In the f leI d of Social Sciences; ~.: .... Major Problems In the f leI d of Baste Research. The four Major Problems listed above have been Identified by the Academy of Sciences, which Is responsible for co-ordinating and monitoring their Implementation. The·Major Problems of the State are approved by the Executive Committee of the Council of Ministers. Fifty three (53) of the said problems have been selected for the present five-year term. The Major Problems In the field of Basic Research are grouped under activities related to long-term strategic plans for the economy. There are also the so-cal led Branch Problems which lnc~ude those generally grouping subjects corresponding to an Institution or organization. Thus. the level of co-ordination remains at a branch or Institutional level. Likewise, there are research Subjects which are not categorized as problems but which should be Implemented In order to give an answer to the requirements of a given Institution. Budget allocation z Expenditure on research and development Increased over 95 mfl lion Cuban pesos In 1980, which represented an Increase of some 30 per cent compared to the one achieved In 1977. 68 The national budget Is the financing source for the R end UJ for Introducing their results In the economy and society, t~chnt­ cal standardization; for formation of scientific cadres; for the formation of national network of reseach centres; and others. 
analysis: The text primarily discusses the allocation of funds for research and development (R&D) in Cuba, with a focus on solving social-economic problems and implementing long-term strategic plans for the economy. The text mentions the four categories of R&D problems, including Major Problems of the State, Major Problems in the field of Medicine, and Major Problems in the field of Basic Research. This suggests that the text is related to the development of the country's economy and the allocation of resources for R&D.