text: should havebeendiscussed further. 85.Several delegations representing developing countries supported thenew strategy basedontheirownexperiences inefforts toimprove thenutrition situation. Thestrategy wasviewed asparticularly usefulinencouraging participation through socialmobilization, butitwasalsostatedthatpeople should beencouraged notonlytodesign andimplement programmes, butalsoto decide onthenecessity ofnutrition programmes atall. 86.Several delegations stressed theneedtoempower womenthrough education, accesstolandandcredit andparticipation indecision-making ascrucial actions inanutrition strategy. Somedelegations wereoftheopinion thattheproposed strategy didnotfullyrecognize thatfact.Inaddition, itwasstressed thatin ordertoservedifficult toreachfamilies atrisk,PHCservices formothers and children should bestrengthened. Onedelegation also.saidthatthedocument should havemoreeffectively addressed theimportance ofwomenasfoodproviders aswell asfoodsecurity issues. Another delegation stressed thattheproblem of malnutrition couldnotbeisolated fromtheoverall socio-economic conditions of developing countries. -68-87.Thefactthattheproposed strategy suggested thereorientation andfocusing ofexisting UNICEF-supported sectoral programmes ratherthanthepreparation ofnew nutrition programmes orprojects waswelcomed byseveral delegations. The important roleofcommunity-basedmonitoring,including'nutrition surveillance, in suchatransformation wasappreciated. Somedelegations, however, expressed concern thatthestrategy lackedanactionplanwithestimated costs. (See chap.IV,decision 1990/19 fortherecommendation ofthe'Committee asadopted by theExecutive Board.) XI.ACUTERESPIRATORY INFECTIONS 88.TheExecutive Boardgenerally welcomed thepolicyreview onacuterespiratory infections (ARI)contained indocument E/ICEF/1990/L.7. Several delegations emphasized theheavytollofARIonyoung childreri~ whichaccounts forbetween 25and35percentofdeaths amongchildren underfiveyearsoldinmany countries. Forthisreason, increased attention atnational andinternational levels wasconsidered tobelongoverdue. Nonetheless,somedelegations endorsed therelatively cautious, phasedapproach outlined inthepolicyreview. Two delegations further emphasized theimportance ofevaluating thethree-country project nowunderway(involving Bolivia, theGambia andThailand) inorderto guideprogramme development lnother countri'es'.", In'thisregard, onedelegation underlined theimportance ofco-ordinating thetechnical assistance ofthe,. JohnsHopkins University (United States) withthatofWHOandotherorganizations. Theimportance ofkeeping abreast ofcurrent research wasalsounderlined. 89.Onedelegation stressed theneedtointegrate ARIcontrol activities into broader PHCstrategies andcautioned against theproliferation ofvertical programmes. Whileagreeing withthisgeneral principle, othersstressed the complex anddifficult natureofARIcontrol activities andrecognized theneedfor special attention andsupport tolaunchnational programmes. 90.Manydelegations highlighted theneedforcomprehensive andwell-organized training strategies withinnational ARIprogrammes, aswellaswithinoverall healtheducation programmes. Itwasnotedthatthesignsandsymptoms ofpneumonia should becarefully taughttohealthworkers andparents. Oncepneumonia was diagnosed, ithadtobeclosely monitored, especially intheearlystagesof national programmes, andtheadministration ofantibiotics alsorequired regular supervision. Onedelegation notedtheneedtosecurethesupport ofpaediatricians andmedical associations intheprocess inordertoensurethelong-term viability ofnational ARIprogrammes. Thecontinued development ofappropriate technologies tofacilitate diagnosis andtreatment (e.g.,30-and60-second timers andoxygen concentrators) received strongendorsement. 91.Thepotential misuseofantibiotics wasmentioned bysomedelegations. To guardagainst thisdanger, careful supervision ofhealth workers andmonitoring of theuseofantibiotics wasencouraged. Inaddition, however, theneedtoincrease
analysis: The text appears to focus on the discussion of a UNICEF strategy and policy review on nutrition and acute respiratory infections (ARI). The language used is technical and the topics discussed are related to health, education, and international development. The text also mentions the need for empowerment of women, access to credit and land, and participation in decision-making, which suggests a broader focus on social and economic development.