text: ago.Wearefortunate thatanexperienced diplomat hasbeenelected President of thisAssembly. Wearecertainthatheisfullyfamiliar witheveryaspectofthe workofthisOrganization, because ofhisyearsofoutstanding service andhis personal dedication tothecauseofpeace,andhiselection asPresident ofthe Assembly isalsoatributetoSpain. Thatnobleandadmirable country gavebirth tousandnourished us,andispermanently committed totheloftypurposes and principles oftheCharter. Thephenomenon oftheworldOrganization hasbecomepossible onlyinthe twentieth century. Theoldworldempires wereonlyanexpression ofexpanded sovereignties. Beforethiscentury theworldhadaveryweakpolitical framework, basedonaprecarious balance ofpower. Inourage,international relations are basedratheroninteraction between powerandmorality. Powerexpressed throughA/40/PV.20 74-75 (Mr.PazBarnica, Honduras) theuseofforceinrelations amongStateshasbeengradually curtailed bythenew responsibilities imposed onthemonopoly ofpower. Eventhesuper-Powers havebeen obligedtoadjusttotherestrictions ontheuseofforceimposed byconsiderations oftheirownsurvival. NoStateinouragecaninvoketheuseofforceinmoral termswithout previously availing itselfofthemeansofnegotiation and international law.AMH/l9 A/40/P'''.20'1'16 (Mr.PazBarnica, Honduras) Wearestillfarfromachieving thePlanforPerpetual PeaceoftheVicarof St.Peter,orfromgoverning theinternational community onthebasisofthe principle ofmagnanimity adITocated byBurke;butitisequally truethattoday's worldisfarremoved fromtherealities confronted byourforefathers, thebuilders ofapastwhichstillhasitsrepercussions onthehistorical development of peoples andStates. Thefortieth anniversary ofthefounding oftheunitedNations invites usto ponderdispassionately onthemostappropriate wayofmeeting thechallenge of today's world. International relations havebecomeuniversali,zed withthedizzying increase inthemembership oftheinternational community. Thelistofthe protagonists ontheworldstagehasgrownmorediverse, thuscomplicating the development ofthisOrganization andtheattainment ofitspurposes: international peaceandsecurity. Today's worldisoneinwhichinterchanges ofallkindsbetween nations have beenintensified andmultiplied, aphe.nomenon thatrunscounter tothe fragmentation oftheworldintonumerous sovereignties, national andabsolute. Theseinterchanges areatonceareasonfortheintegration ofthemostdissimilar societies andasourceofpreviously unknown conflicts, whicharenonetheless alwaysriskyanddangerous. Butwecannotactwdaywithout takingintoaccount thefactthat international issuesarenolonger thepreserve ofaneliteofinitiates. Thereis agenuine international debateinwhichthecitizens ofdemocratic countries take anactivepartintheformulation ofnational foreign policyand,whatismore,in thepattern ofcontinuing relations between thirdStates. Theimpressive development ofcommunications andtheresulting realization thatmanysubjects in international affairs affectthelifeofordinary citizens hasledtoanAMB/l9 A/40/PV.'20; 77 GI". (Mr.PazBarnica, Honduras) unaccustomed ~ublicity beinggiventodiplomacy Whichstillcannotreplace the efficacy ofmethods ofprivate negotiation inordertoreachworking compromises. Wearenowexperl~mcin9 aworldwhichhasleftbehind'theoldsystems of colonial andimperialist domination, aworldwhichiscaughtbetween nationalism andtheconstant humanneedforpolitical freedom. Thestruggle fornational· indepencepce cannotmakeliberty irrelevant. Nonetheless,theUnitedNations, whichhascontributed sogreatly totheprocess ofdecolonization, whichstartedat theendoftheSecondWOrldWar,notestheincreasing frequency oftheimprisonment ofmanbytheState. NowweareliVinginaworldinwhichtheconcept ofwarequates withtotal annihilati.on.Thedevelopment ofthermonuclear weapons andthestrategy of deterrence haveleftthedestiny ofmankind hanging byathread. Thisisasword ofDamocles, whichmaydeliver amortal blowtothewholeofmankind andplungeus intochaos. Todayweseeaworldinwhichtensions haveshifted awayfromtheoldcentres ofpowertowards newzonesofinstability located outside theterritories ofthe majorPowers andconcentrated indeveloping countries, inwhichthevarious ideologies andsourcesofhegemony pursuetheirowninterests. Todaywethird-~orld nations cannotbeindifferent totheimperative needfor understanding amongthestrongest inordertoprevent, asBertrand Russell said, openconfrontation andtheoppression oftheweaknations. NOWmorethaneverareweduty-bound toclosethegapbetween wealthyandpoor nations. Inthiscentury, whichisnowdrawing toaclose, wehaveexperienced a periodinwhichthefundamental ideaofeconomic andsocialprogress hasbeen
analysis: The text appears to be a speech or statement about international relations, global governance, and the role of the United Nations in promoting peace and addressing global challenges. The author discusses the evolution of international relations, the importance of diplomacy, and the need for cooperation among nations to address common challenges such as poverty, inequality, and nuclear threats.