text: The first attempt at drawing a framework for national scien­tific research began about 25 years ago when the •Supreme Science Council" prepared through Its 8 commissions In 1960. a plan which included a number of research projects In dlfferent ·fields. This paper was written by Aboui-Fotouh A. Latif, Vice President, and Ahmed 1. Naguib, Director,· Specialized Councils'- Affairs-. ASRT, Egypt and presented by A.I.Nagufb. lill: In 1971, by Presidential Decree No. 2405, the ASRT was established as Egypt's main and official body tor Science and Technology. The second attempt took place In 1966, when the Supreme Counc II for Sc lent! f lc Research prepared a I 1st of research priorities. Technical Committees were established to study and formulate each project. Previous attempts In R and 0 planning failed to attal~ their goals, although they focused on what seemed to be national needs or problems, mainly because: they failed to Integrate themselves with the users (Ini­tial, Intermediate and/or final); they were geared to support self-Interest objectives of a select few (mainly University Staff) at the expense of the rest of the Society; they were rather ambitious as regards the budget requests, the problems I lsted and the national potential and capabl- 1 It les then ava II able as regards research personnel, In­stitutions and equipment; the suggested problems did not directly serve national goals, pressing needs or Immediate priorities and were of no utility to the community of users. Therefore, the net result of those previous attempts was that the available resources were mostly dlrPcted to meet Incoherent problems. Generally, the milestones of SandT at present In Egypt are the following: Research Facilities: Egypt with Its 47 million population has established 12 Universities with research departments In several disciplines In addition to the research facilities and Institutions attached to the various ministries and the Academy of Scientific Research and 
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the development of a national scientific research framework in Egypt, highlighting the establishment of research facilities, institutions, and priorities. It also touches on the challenges faced in previous attempts to plan and implement research projects, including a lack of integration with users and a focus on self-interest objectives. The text does not specifically mention economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues, but rather seems to be focused on the scientific and technological aspects of research.