text: of their children. It will also be the first ever North-South-East-West summit which literally brings together heads of government from all four corners of the world. These are enormously encouraging developments. The bywords of the Convention are survival, developmentand protection, and the standards it has established against neglect, exploi- tation and abuse will provide the framework for Summit discussions. This public marriage of the Con- vention and its moral imperatives to the political agendas of individual leaders looms especially large against the record of the past decade. During the 1980s UNICEK, with WHO and its sister United Nations agencies, has helped to pioneer a series of low-cost health measures to safeguard the lives of infants and young children, demon- strating beyond a shadow of doubt that the international community has some very powerful tools for progress at its fingertips. Immunization cov- erage increased from less than 10 per cent in 1980 to about 70 per cent today, now saving the lives of at least two million children under five each year. The incidence of polio has also been reduced, and there is hope that it will be eradicated. This is one of the goals of the next decade. ORT against diarrhoea! dehydration, the number- one child killer, prevented almost one million child deaths in 1988, and breast-feeding made a spectacular comeback in many industrialized countries. An additional 700 million people in the developing world gained access to safe drinking water, and much was learned about the control of micronutrient deficiency diseases such as anaemia, xerophthalmia, goitre and cretinism. As parents have gained confidence that their children will survive them, life has become less of a gamble, and couples in many developing countries are now con- sciously planning smaller families. Positive as these trends have been, however, developing nations have re-
analysis: The text discusses the progress made in child health and survival, highlighting the achievements of UNICEF and other organizations in reducing child mortality, improving immunization rates, and increasing access to safe drinking water. It also touches on the Convention and its goals, which emphasize survival, development, and protection. The tone is optimistic and celebratory, indicating that the text is more focused on the positive developments and achievements rather than the challenges or problems.