text: 5. There is, of course, no necessary correspondence between the number of physicians and nurses and morbidity or 1 ife expectancy 1 evel s. There are many intervening factors such as the physical environment, income levels, distribution of medical services and personnel and types and quality of services provided. 6. The health of the population is also seriously affected by the quality of water available to the majority, and the nutri­ tional status of the people. The importance of these two factors have been stressed in recent years, and most countries have plans to remedy the situation. In both Botswana and Lesotho polluted water 1 as been responsible for a high incidence of cases of dysentery., gastro-enteritis and typhoid. But Botswana has moved faster in providing clean water to the majority of the people. 7. The availability of wholesome water for Africa's population is becoming a critical issue, even in the big cities with modern facilities. This is because urban population growth has out­ stripped the cities' ability to supply sufficient water, or even maintain existing services. This may pose health hazards, espe­cially for crm;ded poverty-stricken communities. In the region as a \vhole only about one person in four has access to clean water. 8. A number of Governments have set up bodies to implement and monitor nutrition programmes, but recognition of the importance of nutrition is still far from widespread. The problem of mal­ nutrition has many dimensions, and efforts to tackle it must be both multifaceted and well co-ordinated. The growing, prepara­ tion and consumption of the right foods must be actively en­ couraged. To do this adequately food production in general must be stepped up in order to raise income levels, especially among rural populations. 9. Considering the many taboos still prevailing in some com­
analysis: The text discusses the factors that affect the health of a population, including the quality of water, nutrition, and healthcare services. It highlights the disparities in access to clean water and nutritious food, and the impact of these factors on morbidity and life expectancy. The text also touches on the importance of coordinated efforts to address these issues. Based on this analysis, it seems that the text is primarily concerned with the health and well-being of a population, which suggests that it belongs to the category of Health.