text: flicts in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Central America continue to place children in especially difficult circumstances. There arc many new or ongoing UNICEF responses to these situations. The Executive Director's leadership in establishing 'corridors of tranquillity' in Sudan reinforced the concept of children as a zone of peace. In Leba- non, summer youth camps have at- tempted to promote peace and under- standing among young people from conflicting factions. Projects have- started in order to expand services available to children in the Philippines affected by armed conflicts. In Central America and in the front-line States of southern Africa, research is under way on the psycho- social impact of conflict on children. In Mozambique, a unique social reha- bilitation programme deals with the dctraumarization of children who watched their parents die or were even forced to participate in their deaths. The extent and diversity of these activities suggest a need for an inter- regional exchange of experiences. D .-•:Emergency relief and rehabilitation UNICEF responded to natural and man- made disasters in 39 countries during the year and continued to operate relief and rehabilitation programmes in Iran, Iraq and Lebanon. The or- ganization also supported initiatives of the United Nations Secretary- General to mobilize extra resources for victims of drought, famine and conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa, Af- ghanistan and Namibia. In Africa, the Americas and the Middle East, 15 countries fully uti- lized the Executive Director's Emer- gency Reserve Eund's annual alloca- tion of USS4 million. And with the agreement of governments, UNICEF funds for long-term programmes were diverted to immediate relief activities in 14 countries of Africa, Asia and die Middle East. Special contribu- tions for specific-purpose emergency operations in 21 countries totalled US$46.9 million. For much of the year, the main operational focus of UNICEF was on
analysis: The text discusses various humanitarian efforts and responses by UNICEF to conflicts, natural and man-made disasters, and their impact on children. The focus is on providing relief, rehabilitation, and support to affected children and communities. The text highlights specific programs and initiatives, such as establishing "corridors of tranquillity", promoting peace and understanding among young people, and providing psycho-social support to children affected by conflict.