text: but have not been fully exploited. The momentum for adult 1 iteracy classes seems to rise and fall. There is often not enough appropriate literature to sustain the interest and further the education of those who have completed these programmes. 143 E/ECA/CM.9/5 27. Functional literacy classes are more meaningful, but suffer from the same problem of effective follow-up. Where such follow­ up has b~en provided the success rate has been good. 28. In many countries the literate and educated thus form a privileged group because they are relatively few in number and have many clear advantages. But even this group is beginning to feel the economic stresses of recent years. Many young people leaving secondary schools, vocational centres and even univer­ sities are now having to wait for months or years before securing proper jobs. D. Human settlements. 29. Shelter has always been one of man's basic needs. As his needs grow and his standard of living and expectation rise, he demands better shelter. 30. The pattern of settlements in Africa is gradually being transformed. From scattered stone and mud settlements, more and more people are now concentrating in urban areas. This con­ centration leads to a transformation of housing patterns and housing quality. So far much of this process has been in imita­ tion of models, or in conformity with regulations, prevailing during the colonial period. It is necessary to assess the hous­ ing needs of Africa today and over the next decade or two, to review the problems that are 1 ikely to be encountered and to con­ sider possible arproaches to their solution. 31. To begin with there is a rapidly increasing population which, if present trends continue, will dot:ble in 20 to 25 years. The implications of this fact are enormous. It means that within 
analysis: The text discusses various aspects of African development, focusing on the need for sustainable solutions to social and economic problems. It touches on topics such as adult literacy, human settlements, and population growth, which are all interconnected with economic development and employment. The text highlights the need for assessment, review, and consideration of possible approaches to solving these problems, indicating a focus on development and improvement.