text: It Js Interesting to note that e National Council of Science and Technology vas not created In Ciibe untll 1974. ThIs· Is due to assumption tn.n that the existence of a central structural body requires a minimum level of research base, and e "critical mass" of Send T activities sufficient number of scientists and engineers. It •as believed necessary, therefore, to walt for those conditions to come about. at least partially. ihese deve• lopments chronologically coincided with the growing Institution­ at lzetlon process of 'the nation with Its membership In the Coun­ cil for Mutual Economic Assistance. The most Important aspect of this stage was that decisions concerning the development of science end research were made at nearly the same time as the decisions on socioeconomic develop­ ment aimed at satisfying the needs of the masses were taken, thus 0 guaranteeing the greatest posslbl~ coherence between them. Hence, m It was possible to carry on a national science policy without ~ the existence of an explicitly designated structural body. The scientific research Institutions establ lshed during that period have since undergone several structural changes, but have accomp­ lished their Initial overal I obJectives and have demonstrated the social need for their existence. By the end of 1983, the national R and D system was composed of about 150 research units, to which more than 230 experimental stations and other types of branch units were attached. About 5000 full•tlme researchers were employed that year In this net­ work and 6000 professors taught at the 45 higher education cen­ters, devoting 20-25% of thler working time to research .tasks. These were 65 Rand D scientists and engineers (ful 1-tlme equlva• lent) per 100,000 Inhabitants. The Rand 0 expenses total led 163 mil lions of Cuban pesos In 1983 (*), amounting to 1.6J of the 
analysis: The text primarily discusses the development of science and technology in Cuba, mentioning the establishment of the National Council of Science and Technology, the growth of research institutions, and the allocation of resources for research and development. While it touches on broader themes such as socioeconomic development and the relationship between science and education, the core focus is on the scientific research and development sector.