text: and16,astheyrelate topsychotropic substances, ofthe1988United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic inNarcotic DrugsandPsychotropic Substances; andEconomic andSocial Council resolutions 1981/6, 1985/12, 1985/15, 1986/8 and 1987/30. -13- Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library28.45Sincetheearly19505, alargenumber ofpharmaceutical products with psychoactive properties (hallucinogens, stimulants, sedative hypnotics, tranquilizers andanalgesics) havebeendeveloped andmadeavailable formedical use.Theirdependence-producing properties andtheabsence ofadequate national andinternational control measures ledtosignificant abuseandpublichealth problems. 28.46 Inresponse tothatdevelopment, thescopeofcontrol ofthe1971Convention onPsychotropic Substances hasbeenextended byincreasing thenumberof psychotropic substances subject tocontrol from40in1984to101in1989andthat numberislikely tobeextended further. Theintroduction ofcontrol measures in manycountries, inaccordance withtheprovisions ofthe1971Convention andthe monitoring ofthemovement ofpsychotropic substances byINCH,contributed tothe prevention anddetection ofdiversions fromlicitintoillicit channels and prevented oratleastreduced publichealth problems related totheabuseof certain substances inanumber ofcountries. 28.47 Somemajormanufacturing andexporting countries, however, havenotyet becomeparties totheConvention. Inaddition, theprovisions oftheConvention arenotfullyimplemented inanumberofcountries andseveral gapspersist inthe international control ofpsychotropic substances. 28.48 Accordingly, theobjectives ofthesubprogramme are: (a)Tomonitor thelicitmovement ofpsychotropic substances; (b)Toensurethatallcontrol measures aimingatpreventing diversion to illicit traffic areimplemented byallcountries; (c)Todetect weaknesses inthelegislation ortheadministrative structures orprocedures thatneedtobeimproved. (b)Course ofaction oftheSecretariat 28.49 Monitoring oflicitmovements ofpsychotropic substances willcontinue by collating dataoncollating dataonmanufacture, stocks, tradeinanduseof psychotropic substances, andanalysing information toenable theBoardto strengthen controls, whichwouldensurethat: (a)Allquantities ofpsychotropic substances manufactured, stocked, imported andexported, should beaccounted forbyeachcountry andregion; (b)Nodiversion should occurfromlegaltradeintoillegal channels; (c)Adequate supply should beassured, particularly byavoiding accumulation ofstocks, whichfrequently constitute thetargets oftraffickers; (d)Within themandate, administrative procedures should bedeveloped to improve controls orcounteract newpatterns ofdiversions. -14- Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibrarySUBPROGRAMME 8.MONITORING OFSOLVENTS, PRECURSORS ANDESSENTIAL CHEMICALS AND ASSESSMENT OFSUBSTANCES FORPOSSIBLE MODIFICATIONS INTHESCOPE OFCONTROL OFTHE1988CONVENTION AGAINST ILLICIT TRAFFIC IN NARCOTIC DRUGS ANDPSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES (a)Objectives 28.50 Thelegislative authority forthepresent subprograrnme derives from article 12,paragraphs 1-4,7-9,10-12and13,ofthe1988United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic inNarcotic DrugsandPsychotropic Substances, whichhasnotyetcomeintoforce,butisexpected todosoduring themedium-term planperiod for1992-1997; andEconomic andSocial Council resolution 1989/13. 28.51 The1988Convention aimsatpreventing, ordrastically reducing, theaccess byillicit traffickers toprecursors, solvents andessential chemicals usedto manufacture drugsand,atthesametime,toavoidhampering theuseofthose substances forlicitpurposes. Basedontheknowledge ofchemical processes inthe illicit manufacture, andtakingintoaccount thepossibility andeaseof sUbstituting alternate substances, INCBshouldidentify andassess substances for
analysis: This text appears to be discussing the control and regulation of substances related to drug trafficking, including psychotropic substances, solvents, and essential chemicals. It mentions international conventions and resolutions, and the objectives of a subprogramme to monitor and control the movement of these substances. This suggests that the text is primarily related to the field of health and drug control.