text: operation ofthetraditional concept ofthe~~lanceofpower. While th~post-War version ofthebalanceofpower-orthebalance ofterror, asitissometimes called-mayhavesucceeded sofarinwardingoffa9~neral war,ithasgrievously failedtoprevent limited wars,localized conflicts andotb~rinstances offorce beingusedinamannerincompatible withthepurposes oftheCharter. Again,While itmayaffordsecurity, howeverillusory, tothemajorPowersandthosewhohave soughttheirprotection throughmilitary alliances, ithasgrievously failedto affordassured security toall,especially theweakandthesmall,thenon-aligned andthenon-armed, whosesecurity continues tobeexposed toallkindsofthreats andpressures. Forsuchcountries, thepeaceandsecurity deriving fromthepost-War system ofthebalance ofpowerlacksfullmeaning andfullcontent. Ofcourse, asmembers oftheinternational community, allofushaveavitalinterest inpreventing globalarmedconflict. Butnolessvitalforusisthequestion ofourindividual security, andIsubmitthatweshouldhaveaclearunderstanding inourmindsasto themeaning ofthis.EMS/21 A/40/fN.13 95 Toour.ind,secu1'ity il)itsimmediate sensemeansassured freedom f1'omthe threat01'useoff01'ceagainst ournattonal sove1'eignty, political independence and territorial integrity. Butinitsultimate sensesecurity cannotbutmeanassured freedom fromoutside inte1'fe1'ence inourinternal affairs inanymannerwhatsoever andfromtheapplication ofexternal pressures inanyshapeorform.Itmeansfor . eachofustherighttochoosefreelyourownpolitical, economic andsocialsystem andtodetermi.ne ourownfutureinaccordance withtheidealsthatweaspiretoand thevaluesthatinspire us.BeT/at A/40/PV.13 96 (Mr.ChitB1a1n9, Burma) I Relevant principles concerning thematters Ihavereferred toareembodied in theCharter aswellasintheDeclaration ofPrinciples ofInternational Law concerning Friendly Relations andCO-operation amongStatesandintheDeclaration ontheStrengthening ofInternational Security. Inourview,onlyuniversal and scrupulous respect forandobservance oftheseprinciples, bothinwordandin deed,couldensurefullsecurity forourcountries. Anyviolation ofthese principles anywhere~ directly orindirectly, inwhatever guiseorunderwhatever pretext, dealsagrievous blowtomankindes hopesforapeaceful andjustorder. Bythesametoken,whenever andwherever anyPower-big,smallorm~ium-resorts toar~edforceincontravention ofthesevitalprinciples, theinevitable resultis theirserious weakening anderosion, creating conditions offar-reaching implications whichareofconcern toallcountries. Wearetherefore alarmed anddistressed thatvirtually allthefocalpointsof crisesthatexistintheworldtodayhavebeentheoutcomeoftheflagrant violation oftheseprinciples -beitintheMiddleEast,Central America, South Africa, Afghanista~, Kampuchea, Namibia orCyprus. Ineachofthesesituations, therehasbeenemployment ofarmedintervention byanexternal Powerinthe internal affairsofanother independent sovereign Statetobringaboutachangeof thegovernment ofthatState. Inalmosteverycasetheproblem canberesolved onlyonthebasisofthewithdrawal offoreign troops, non-interference inthe internal affairsofthesecountries andtheexercise bythepeopleaffected ofthe righttochoosetheirowngovernment andtodetermine theirownfutureand destiny. WhetheritisintheMiddleEast,SouthAsia,South-East AsiaorAfrica, Burmacannotaccepteitherinterference oroccupation asafaitaccompli. The position efthedelegation ofBurmaontheseissueshasoftenbeenstatedatthe unitedNations, basedasitisonourunswerving andconsistent support forrespectBeT/at A/40/RV.13 97 (Mr.Chit81ain9, Burma) fortheprinciples whicharestipulated intheCharter ascardinal principles tobe observed ininter-State relations. MayInowbriefly touchuponthecloserelationship between disarmament and international peaceandsecurity. Itisfairtosaythatthepost-war armaments raceistheproduct ofthefailureoftheUnitedNations collective security system andtheconsequent reversion bynationstotheoldconcept ofthebalance ofpower tomaintain peaceandtoensuresecurity forthemselves. Butthearmaments race itselfcreatesgreater insecurity forall,and~deepening mistrust andsuspicion amongthearmedPowersgenerates itsownmomentum. Tohaltandreverseitwould require, inthefirstplace,thepromotion ofgreatertrustandconfidence among nations, andtheremovaloftheirdeep-seated senseofinsecurity. Forfartoolonghastheworldbeensplitintotwomajorcamps"withtheir leading Powersstillencumbered byserious differences andlockedinaserious contest forsupremacy. Butrecentdevelopments liketheresumption ofarmstalks andthereactivation ofsummitdiplomacy between theworld's twoleading Powers will,wehope,offersomeprospect ofreduced tension. Wehopethattheimpulse generated bythisfirststepwillproveproductive intheentirespectrum of
analysis: The text appears to be a speech or statement on international relations, focusing on the concept of security, power, and the role of the United Nations in maintaining peace and preventing conflict. The author discusses the limitations of the post-War balance of power and the importance of respecting principles of international law to ensure security and prevent the use of force. The text also touches on the relationship between disarmament and international peace and security.