text: established. By 1979, the number of research Institutes support organizations In natural sciences across the country reached more than 6,000. 1978 ones and had Since 1979, China research Institutes and the field of emerging tlons such as computing has readJusted.the composition of the gradually created a number of new ones In technologies and their support organize­ centers and testing centers. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAl MANPOWER By 1979 the total number of natural scientists and technicians In state owned lnst l tut Ions amounted to 4. 705 mIll Ions, of wh lch there were 1,667,000 engineers and technical personnel, 324,000 agricultural technicians, 1,396,000 medical personnel, 317,000 scientific research personnel, and 1.001,000 teaching staff. For every 10,000 persons, there were 48.5 scientists or techni­ cians I.e. 17.2 engineers and technical personnel, 3.3 agricultural technicians, 14.4 medical personnel, 3.3 scientific researchers and 10.3 teaching staff. FINANCIAl RESOURCES FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY China's total expenditure for science and technology In 1978 was 5,333 million yuan, 1.8 percent of Its national Income. It Increased to 7.4 bll lion yuan In 1983. Yet this only accounts for the government's budget allocation and does not cover research expenditures spent from education budget In Institutes of higher learning or raised ln. production enterprises, which did not enter national economic statistics. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION China's International scientific and technological coopera­ tion had developed markedly by the end of·the seventies. Inter­ governmental scientific and technological cooperation agreements, or Industrial, economic and science-technology cooperation agree­ ments were signed between China and many other countries. These Include the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Argentina, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, the Phil fpplnes, the Libyan Arab Jamahrlya, Mexico, Zambia. Chile, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, the German Democratic Republic 
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the development of China's scientific and technological capabilities, including the number of research institutes, scientific manpower, financial resources, and international cooperation. This suggests that the category that best fits the text is Science and Technology, with possible connections to Education and Employment.