text: 55. Yet another aspect intertwined with and com­ mon to the problems of forced labour, slavery and ser­ vitude but which concerns exclusively women was the question of immoral trafficking or trade. Article 23 of the Constitution of India prohibits traffic in human be­ ings. This right of woman against exploitation had separately been given legislative effect through the Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act of 1956. Many provisions of the Indian Penal Code are addressed to the problems of crimes against women, including forcing minors to prostitution, and are attended with strict punishments. 56. The Indian Penal Code and other relevant laws do provide for rigorous imprisonment for heinous of­ fences connected with slavery, servitude and forced la­ 346 Documents of the seventeenth to twenty-second sessions bour in all its forms. The rigorous imprisonment need not always necessarily include hard labour during the period of punishment. But such punishment could be given only on the basis of a judgement of the court. Article 9 57. Protection of life, and personal liberty are guaranteed under article 21 of the Indian Constitution which lays down that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the proce ­ dure established by law. The Supreme Court held that the procedure contemplated by article 21 must be “right and just and fair and not arbitrary, fanciful or oppressive; otherwise it would be no procedure at all and the requirement of article 21 would not be satis ­ fied”, (Special Courts Bill case, 1979, AIR 1979 SC 478 at p. 516). Further, the procedure contemplated un­ der article 21 must satisfy article 14 which guarantees to every person equality before law or the equal protec ­ tion of the laws within the territory of India. The Su­
analysis: The text discusses the issues of forced labor, slavery, servitude, and human trafficking, as well as the legal framework in India to address these problems. It highlights the importance of protecting life and personal liberty, as well as the need for a fair and just procedure to ensure that individuals are not deprived of their rights. While the text does not specifically mention economic development, natural resources, or industry, it does touch on the issue of employment and the protection of workers' rights.