text: die production of books, lesson plans.and brochures tor distribution in schools and among non-health sector groups; and the development of mass media messages for radio and televi- sion. In recent years, increasing attention has also been directed to the preven- tion of diarrhoea, particularly in countries where improved treatment has substantially lowered mortality. In Egypt, UNICEF is leading a major effort to identify key behaviours in selected northern regions, to test com- munications messages designed to modify behaviour, and eventually to integrate these messages into the na- tional CDD effort. Other preventive measures include the promotion of breast-feeding (Angola, Brazil, Cen- tral African Republic, Colombia, Ecuador, Egypt, Honduras, Jordan, Pakistan, Philippines, Zaire); im- proved nutrition (Afghanistan, Gam- bia, Ghana, Mongolia, Nigeria, Pacif- ic Islands, Zaire); improved personal hygiene (Bhutan, Botswana, Jordan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Papua New Guinea, Tanzania); increased access to water and sanitation facilities (Af- ghanistan, Burundi, Egypt, Jordan, Kampuchea, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Prin- cipe, Sudan, West Bank and Gaza, Zimbabwe). In addition to designing interventions in these areas, several country offices are helping govern- ments to evaluate their impact. In the MENA region, emphasis has been placed on the establishment of sentinel surveillance systems to gather information for monitoring and eval- uation (Democratic Yemen, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Sudan, Turkey, Yemen Arab Republic). In Africa, preference has been given to a general improvement in health information systems as well as diarrhoea treatment surveys and comprehensive pro- gramme reviews (Angola, Madagas- car, Malawi, Mauritania, Nigeria, Somalia, Togo, Uganda, Zaire); and in Latin America, a number of coun- tries (including Brazil) have conduct- ed diarrhoea treatment surveys and are continuing to research knowledge, attitudes and practices related to ORT (Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico). In Asia, several countries are monitoring progress towards specific targets in
analysis: The text appears to be focused on the development and implementation of public health initiatives and programs, with a specific emphasis on preventing and treating diarrheal diseases. It mentions the production of materials such as books, lesson plans, and brochures, as well as the development of mass media messages and monitoring of health information systems. These activities suggest that the primary goal is to improve public health outcomes, rather than to promote economic development, natural resources, or other non-health related areas.