text: wouldbeusefulfortheelaboration ofstrategies andpolicies, withemphasis on casestudies intheScandinavian, Mediterranean andAsiancountries; (c)Undertaking ofsectoral studies attheinternational levelin collaboration withtheUnited Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), -9- Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Libraryaimedatidentifying opportunities forinternational specialization forthe entrepreneurial sectorinLatinAmerica; (d)Provision oftechnical assistance atthenational andsectoral levels, as wellasco-operation withsubregional andregional integration agencies, inthe areaofindustrial andtechnological policies andstrategies; (e)Development oftraining mechanisms forthebenefit ofseniorpublic and private sectorpolicy makersinindustry, takingadvantage ofthedocumentation thatwillresult fromtheimplementation oftheactivities described above; (f)Dissemination ofinformation onindustrial, scientific andtechnological development through aperiodic bulletin. SUBPROGRAMME 5.INTERNATIONAL TRADE ANDDEVELOPMENT FINANCE (a)Objectives 33.34 Thelegislative authority forthepresent subprogramme derives fromEconomic Commission forLatinAmerica andtheCaribbean resolutions 368(XVII), 375(XVII), 385(XVIII), 386(XVIII), 430(XIX), 438(XIX), 439(XIX), 458(XX),476(XXI), 486(XXI)and497(XXII) andUnited Nations Conference onTradeandDevelopment resolution 159(VI). 33.35 Theconsequences oftheheavyburdenofexternal debtservicing andthe shortage ofnewexternal capital havehadnumerous restrictions oneconomic and social development ofthecountries oftheregion. Inparticular, development financing -bothexternal andinternal -hasbeenseverely affected bytheevents intheworldeconomy since1982.Sources ofexternal public andprivate financing havesuffered aseverecontraction. Thecondition offoreign lendersisnotlikely tochangeinthenearfuture. However, theregionisconfronted bytheurgentneed tomakestructural changes inordertomaintain sustained economic growthrates. 33.36 Thatsituation hascoincided withserious problems thataffectLatin America's position intheworldeconomy, especially owingtothetrade protectionism oftheindustrialized countries, thedeterioration ofcommodity prices andthegrowing impactofservices oninternational trade; andithas prevented theexpansion ofLatinAmerican andCaribbean foreign trade, whichwould haveallowed foragradual reduction inthedebt/export ratio. Special attention needstobegiventothefuture development ofthesituation, andtheneedtoagree onLatinAmerican positions inthevarious worldnegotiating forumswithrespect to thesematters. 33.37 Moreover, ifLatinAmerica andtheCaribbean wereinabetter economic and political position, theprocess ofregional integration andco-operation couldbe accelerated. 33.38 Thesubprogramme willhavethefollowing objectives: (a)Intheareaofinternational trade: (i)Tosupport MemberStatesindesigning policies andmeasures toexpand tradeflows-oftraditional products andmanufactures, services andnew products -togaineffective accesstomarkets outside theregion beyond -10- Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Librarytariffs andprotectionist restrictions and,inthiscontext, toattenuate orovercome thecurrent vulnerability ofrelations withdeveloped countries; (ii)Toprovide MemberStateswithanalytical information andpolicy recommendations onoptions todiversify LatinAmerica's tradeand financial relations, withspecial reference tothedeveloping countries andthosewithcentrally planned economies; (iii) Toprovide support toMemberStatesinformulating positions tobetaken bytheregion asawholeinthevarious multilateral negotiation forums inwhichtheyparticipate; (iv)Topromote thefulluseofthemultilateral orbilateral co-operation machinery contained intheregional integration andco-operation schemes, withaviewtorecovering andreactivating intra-regional trade; (b)Intheareaofdevelopment finance: (i)TohelpMemberStates formulate international andregional strategies to
analysis: The text appears to be focused on the economic development of Latin America and the Caribbean, specifically in the areas of international trade and development finance. The language used is technical and policy-oriented, suggesting that the document is a report or plan for economic development. The text mentions the need for structural changes, diversification of trade and financial relations, and support for Member States in designing policies and measures to expand trade flows. This suggests that the category should be related to economic development, international trade, and finance.