text: 163" In a report vhich the mayors of Hiroshina and Nagasaki prepared in 1976, thefollowing figures a'.e mentioned. rn the case of Hirostrina, teti.reen 310,000 and320'000 people were exposed to the various effects of the atonic explosion. ofthese, between 130,000 and 1JO,0O0 had. died by Decerober 19)+5 and an estimated200,000 by 1950, if l"atent effects are incl-uded, fn Nagasaki, the cofrespondi.ngnumbers are 270'000-280,000, 5o,ooo-Bo,ooo and loo,ooo. The tack of exact nu0bersis due to uncertainties about the nulber of military and other personnel in thecities on the days of attack' as well as the destruction and unavailability ofTelevant records because of the attack. Cases of genetic effects, a'd 1arentexposure on those rnrho entered the two cities after the days of attack, are alsoreported" The death to.ll was sti11 increasing, although very slov-ly, even in 1979,although it is not easy to relate cause and effect so many years after the actualatomic bornb explosions. 161+. If the same size of l'eapon were used against a large city like Nev York and theweapon exploded without any varning, a very crude estimate based on scaring theHiroshina figures vouLd give betneen 50o,oo0 and 1 mil-lion imediate casuaities, ofwhich 200,000 might be kiLled at once (see figure vrr). The actual figures woulddepend on a nurber of unknor^ms, among which the most inportant probably are the timeof day and day of the veek. During office hours, for instance" casualties could bewell above the leve1 of 1 million. t3/ Glasstone, S. and DoLan, P, J., The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, 3rd ed., T9T1 .^/35 / 392InAlish Page 50 FIGIJFX VI]. A I{IROSHIMA BOMB OVER trEA' YOEK ir,ii,r: ir- ti-t z*-='" "t#i",.";t:fr;:$"':^ .; :1:jix,1 '-'.-;:1:1';;7,"rAbout 15 kr air burst over Times Square in New Yd',York Ciry. rhe limir for severe damase ro build--p" ;--' :--'' ' "-1' '"'lngs 's sonev/here in Lhe rinre,l zonc; ir isracher uncettain whar overpressure skyscrapers E will sithstand. The ourer circre is the limit for Lh.Lrd desree s*in burrq, acz = sround zero) *;\O 1 2km-cA/3r/392 Tlnoi i ch Annex fage o.L 155. gff the {'igures given above for distances, sizes. times and so forth vill,increase or decrcase vit'h the explosive yield but in iess than direct proport-ion tothe yield. Roughl"y speaking, tenfold or hundredfold increases in yiela give,respectively' fivefold and twentyfol-d increases of the area d.evastated by air b1ast.conversely one might say that the rroverkill" close to ground-zero is larger, thelarger the yield. This does not mean, hovever, that single high-yierd explosions donot cause horrend.ous devastation,
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the devastating effects of a nuclear explosion, specifically the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The report mentions the number of casualties, deaths, and injuries caused by the explosions, as well as the long-term effects on the survivors. The text also provides a hypothetical scenario of what would happen if a similar-sized weapon were used against a large city like New York. Given the focus on the consequences of a nuclear explosion, I hypothesize that the most fitting category is Health, Humanitarian aid and relief, and Science and technology.