text: world over. Introduction Implies organization of the production of new materials and articles, machines, equipment, devices. means for servicing them, etc. New technologies, based on the a~hlevements of fundamental and applied sciences and put Into practice at manufacturing enterprises, are also considered as •tntroduced" and Indicate scientific-technical progress In one or t~e other branch of material production. New methods of production and scientific labour organization ere highly fmpor• tant for Improving Its effectiveness and represent one of the methods for realizing the achievements of economic science tn production. In other words, scientific-technical progress means Improvement of the effectiveness of production on the basts of achievements In sclene and technology. DETERMINANTS OF S&T PROGRESS Intensification of production Is the maJor component of scientific-technical progress. and this requires up-to-date technologies, equipment, machines and devices. Computer enginee­ ring Is also used for this purpose. More and more technological lines and machine toots are equipped with programme controlled microprocessors and other means of automation on the basts of computer engineering. Robotics Is appl led on an expanding scale In production using flexible readJustable I lnes. Another sign I• ,flcant part of scientific-technical progress lies I~ the Improve• ment of the technical level of production. the technical level and quality of the materials, and the articles manufactured by the enterprises. The rates of sclentlflc•technlcal progress are determined primarily by the creation and wldescale application of new techniques and methods, based on new Implements, new materials with predetermined properties, enabl lng to raise sharply labour productivity, reduce the weight of the machines and mechanisms, make them more reliable and extend their lifetime. Presented by N.Y. Safronov Improvement of production technologies Is the determinative direction of scientific-technical ~rogress today. Replacement of the technologies used at the current stage by more advanced resource-saving and wasteless technologies. ensuring more comp­
analysis: The text discusses scientific-technical progress and its determinants, including the introduction of new technologies, equipment, and methods, with the goal of improving production efficiency and labor productivity. It highlights the importance of computer engineering, automation, and robotics in achieving this progress. The text also mentions the need for replacing outdated technologies with more advanced, resource-saving, and wasteless ones. Given the focus on production, technology, and innovation, it is likely that the text falls under the categories related to industry and science.