text: cator for guiding policy decisions on development planning and macro-level land-use zoning. The approach to risk assessment and mapping should be aimed at meeting these criteria so as to provide useful gnidance to generalists such as planners, administrators, entrepreneurs and the community at risk. The information to be provided for these objectives should include space defined information on magnitude, frequency, duration, areal extent and speed of onset. The series of action programmes that would need such detailed risk assessment and des- cription include: 1. Physical planning (a) Long term (iJ Regional phms, master plans (macro-level) including settlement development plans. (ii) Re-development and resettlement plans. (iii) Area development plans (micro-level). (iv) Land-use and zoning (micro-level). (v) Development control. (vi) Special building codes including gnidance on construction techniques. (vii) Master plans and detailed plans for infrastructural facilities. (viii) Plans for evacuation routes and development 0% safety shelter network and com- munication links. 28 (b) Short term (ij Site selection for temporary emergency facilities (transit camps, relief centre network organization, supply routes, etc.). (ii) Development of alternative relief/rescue routes and communication links. 2. Socio-economic planning (i) Industrial and other capital intensive development projects. (ii) Scheduling of human activities in terms of restricting/reducing such activities in defined crisis periods, modifying cropping patterns for avoidance of crisis period and introducing appropriate alternate non-vulnerable species, etc., in areas of risk. 3. Administration Organization of administrative machinery for pre- and post disaster operations at govern- mental, non-governmental and community levels. 29 X. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. UNDRO, as the focal point in the United Nations system for activities and studies concern- ed with disasters, should in the implementation of the following recommendations and in other appropriate ways, further develop and extend its co-operation with UN agencies and with other bodies having responsibilities in the field of disaster management. 
analysis: This text appears to be discussing disaster management and risk assessment, which involves multiple sectors such as urban planning, infrastructure development, and socio-economic planning. The text also mentions the role of international organizations and government agencies in disaster management. Given the scope of the text, it is likely that the category would be a combination of several fields.