text: for earlier years are not available in this form, and it should be noted that the figures do not tally horizontally, as one case may feature under more than one category.) Outcome Year No. of completed cases Criminal charges Disciplinary charges Total (PCA recommenda­ tions in brackets) Advice, etc. No action 1987 5 596 46 101 (15) 657 4 821 1988 5 548 50 111 (17) 655 4 296 Police disciplinary procedures - Scotland 94. In Scotland, the police discipline code is set out in schedule 1 to the Police (Discipline) (Scotland) Regulations 1967 (as amended). The procedures provide that, when a report, complaint or allegation is received from which it may reasonably be inferred that a constable may have committed a disciplinary offence, the deputy chief constable, in cases where the constable is of the CCPR/C/58/Add.6 page 21 rank up to and including chief superintendent, sets in hand the necessary investigations and, in the light of the ensuing report from the investigating officer, decides whether the officer in question is to be charged with a disciplinary offence. For more senior ranks, the disciplinary authority is the police authority which is the relevant local authority. When a charge is made, the officer appears at a disciplinary hearing before his chief constable who has power, on finding guilt, to impose a punishment ranging from caution to dismissal from the force. The punishment of dismissal, requirement to resign or reduction in rank cannot be awarded by the chief constable unless the officer has been given the opportunity to elect to be legally represented at the hearing by counsel or a solicitor. In 1984, 244 police discipline cases were dealt with; the corresponding figures for 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988 were 254, 265, 316 and 298. 95. In cases where it may reasonably be inferred that a constable has 
analysis: The text appears to be related to the management and discipline of police officers, which suggests a connection to the field of law enforcement and public administration. The data provided is not directly related to economic development, natural resources, or environmental issues, and it does not seem to be focused on agriculture, forestry, fishing, industry, transport, communication, or international trade. The text does not mention humanitarian aid, culture, or science and technology. The only remaining categories are education and employment, but the text does not seem to be related to education or employment in the classical sense. Therefore, it is likely that the text is related to the management of police officers, which falls under the broader category of employment.