text: 37Basicmetalindustries 496 0.1 17.7 14.1 3.0 0.6 38Machinery andtransport equipment 2408 2.6 20.5 18.5 1.4 0.2 39Miscellaneous manufactures 86 2.2 31.5 15.8 13.2 0.6 If\) 3Allmanufactures 7206 2.4 lB.3 14.3 3.5 0.3w I Source: Calculated fromUnitedNations commodity tradedataandOECDproduction data. ~/SeeInternational Standard Industrial Classification ofallEconomic Activities (ISIC),Statistical Papers, Series M,No.4/Rev.2 (United Nations publication, SalesNo.E.6B,XVII.B). Numbers atleftareISle classifications.Table13.Shareofimportsintheapparent consumption ofmanufactured goods inthedeveloped marketeconomies, 1970-1987 (Percentage) Latin Latin EastAmerican South South EastAmerican South South Product ~/ Asiacountries Europe AsiaAfrica Asiacountries Europe AsiaAfrica Averageannualgrowthrateofshare ofimportsinapparent consumption, Shareofapparent consumption, 1987 1970-1987 31Food,beverages andtobacco 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 5.1 -0.9 1.0-2.4 1.9 32Textiles, clothing andfootwear 7.5 1.1 2.5 3.30.2 27.6 6.6 8.7 9.2 4.5 33Woodandwoodproducts 3.0 0.5 0.5 0.10.2 11.3 3.4 3.5 9.3-loB 34Paperandpaperproducts 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.10.0 24.0 15.4 3.214.5 -2.9 35Chemicals andplastics 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.20.1 14.9 -1.1 4.810.4 4.5 36Non-metallic products 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.10.0 35.2 10.1 8.1 9.9-5.2 37Basicmetalindustries 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.10.4 19.5 3.6 2.4 3.4-5.9 38Machinery andtransport equipment 2.0 0.6 0.2 0.10.0 43.9 13.2 6.8 B.B-2.6,39Miscellaneous manufactures 7.6 0.8 1.6 2.40.5 20.5 4.2 6.010.6 5.7~c-, 3Allmanufactures 1.8 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.1 16.4 2.6 4.8 6.8-3.7 SO'Jrce: Calculated fromUnitedNations commodity tradedataandOECDproduction data. ~/International Standard Industrial Classification ofallEconomic Activities (ISIC),Statistical Papers,SeriesH,No.4/Rev.2 (UnitedNationspublication, SalesNo.E.68.XVII.8). NumbersatleftareISICclassifications.75.TheEastAsiancountries havethelion'sshareofthedeveloping countries' penetration ofdeveloped market economies. 76.Although demandgrowth cannot beexpected tobeinfinite, thereisstillample roomindeveloped market economy markets forincreasing imports fromdeveloping and centrally planned countries. Markets arelikelytobecome morecompetitive asthe centrally planned economies, whichhaveinthepastbeensmallparticipants in trade,becomeserious aboutcompeting inworldmarkets. Moredeveloping countries willwanttoparticipate ininternational trade. Thedeveloping andcentrally planned economies willneedtofreeuptheirmarkets inordertogivethedeveloped marketeconomies opportunities toexporttothemandthusprovide theimpetus for accelerating adjustment indeveloped market economies. -25-questions aboutthewelfare effects of thatis,indealing withtheproblen: theoretical literature oncustomsB.Assessment oftrading blocs 77.Trading arrangements and"trading blocs" canbeusedtocoveranumber of different schemes. Themainpossibilities are: (a)Preferential trading arrangements, inwhich acountry applies lower tariffs toimports fromaspecified groupofcountries: ormembers applylower tariffs toimports fromeachotherthantothosefromnon-member countries; (b)Freetradeareas(FTA),inwhichmembers completely eliminate tariffs
analysis: This text appears to be discussing the international trade of manufactured goods between developed and developing countries, specifically the growth rates and shares of imports in apparent consumption. It also touches on the topic of trading blocs and their effects on trade. Given the focus on trade and economic development, it seems likely that the text belongs to the category of international trade.