text: the acceleration of eutrophication, the disruption of food VP!- “.he elimination of other, often valuable species, and the trans ‘A.. ) Jf disease. Once introduced, alien and new species can be highly C L’f!.cult to eradicate. Article 24 addresses this problem by requiring watercourse States 2451 This is especially true of the Institute of International Law and the International Law Association, For the Institute of International Law, see especially the 1979 Athens Resolution on the Pollution of Rivers and Lakes and International Law, m, note 189. For the International Law Association, see the Helsinki Rules, SW, note lC9, articles IX-XI; the 1982 Montreal Rules on water pollution in an international drainage basin, -~a, note 201: and the Seoul Rules on international groundwaters, article 3, Report of the ILA Committee on International Water Resources Law, Seoul Conference (19861, p. 38. See also the Legal Principles for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development elaborated by the Experts Group on EnvironmenLal Low oE the World Ccmmission on Environment and Development, A~.Q, note 144. - 167 -to take all measuree necessary to prevent such introduction. A separate article is necessary to cover this eubject because, as already noted, the de% inition of Vfpollution Icontained in paragraph 1 of article 22 does not include biological alterations, 2p(i/ A similar provision, relating to the protection of the marine environment, is contained in article 196 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. 2421 (t) The term “species” includes both flora and fauna, i.e., plants, animals and other living organisms. zpB/ The term ‘@alien” refers to species that are nDn-native, while “new” encompasses species that have been genetically altered or produced through biological engineering. As is clear from its terms, the article concerns the introduction of such species only into the watercourse
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the impact of human activities on the environment, specifically the introduction of non-native species and the resulting harm to ecosystems. The article is likely part of a larger legal framework aimed at protecting the environment and preventing harm to watercourses.