text: 90. At the international level, vlet Nan has sent. thousands of its cadres abroadfor furlher training. In the Asian and the paciflc region alone, there are aboul 20 vielnamese scientists and technlcians tsking part ln seninars and lrainingcourses. VieC Nan also recelves about 700 to 800 researchers from abroad. 91. This particuLar education and tralnlng system has been progresslvely increasing the people's knordledge and up-grading tbeir skill. Ieuela.A/40/549 English Page 20 III. REPI,IES RECEIVED FROM T'NITED NATIONS ORGANIZATIONS AND SPECIALIZED AGEI{CIES T'NITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT 92. UNCTAD has been concerned with devel.oplng effective rnethods to a8sist thedeveloping countriea in increasing the numb€r of their qualified national personnel. 93. Accordinqly, a greater enphesis has been placed in recene years on trainingniddle nanagemen! p€raonnel. lvo examples are: (a) Training development in thefield of maritime tranaport, in whlch training naterial6 are prepared by national and regional in€titutions for local delivery to nlddle and junior nanagerg, and inlthich co-operation anong training inatitutlons ls prornoted through the interchangeof instructors and eralning naterialst (b) t'he port training progranne, wlth concentrat.ion on preparlng training naterlals by apeciallzed institutions fornorrdwide dissenination to senlor port nanagers. This auccessfur trainlng concept has gradually extended to other areas of UNCTAD activity such as importprocurement, inaurance, technology, trade facilltation, lbe generalized systen of Preferences etc. 94. UNCTAD training activities therefore are prinarily in group training,i.e., norkshops, study loura, ln-house tralning and a!,ray from traditionalferlot{sbips. Efforcs are under l'ay to u8e existing institutions rnaxirnally and toadapt UNCTAD I s Craining methods to locaL needs, including the naximun use oftechnical co-operation between developing couneries. 95. UNCTAD also notes that a neeElhg of government experts on Co-operative Exchange of Skills tras held in February 1985. The neeting recommended that nthe
analysis: The text discusses the training and education of scientists and technicians in Vietnam, as well as the efforts of UNCTAD to assist developing countries in increasing their qualified national personnel. It highlights the importance of training in middle management personnel, particularly in fields such as maritime transport and import procurement. The text also mentions the need for cooperation and the adaptation of training methods to local needs. Given the focus on education, training, and economic development, it is likely that the text falls under the categories of Education and Economic development.