text: celebrated thatvictory oftheUnitedNations. Theresultisaconstitution that entrenches humanrightsandeffective democracy. During myfivevisitsto Namibia -visitswithCanadians andwithmembers oftheUnitedNations family- I saw,asmanyheredid,howmuchcouldbeaccomplished whentheentireNamibian people, supported bytheinternational community, workedtogether forthat reconciliati~n. Ilookhopefully atthesignsthatSouthAfricahassetoutonthe trailblazedforitbyneighbouring Namibia. Thisnewperiodoftransition posesgreatchallenges notonlytoSouthAfrica butalsototheinternational community. InDecember wereached aconsensus that sanctions shouldnotberelaxed untiltherewasclearevidence ofprofound and irreversible change. TheCommonwealth canjustlyclaimameasure ofleadership, bothinhelping shapethatconsensus lastfallinKualaLumpurandinupholding it thisspringinAbuja. Sanctions haveclearly workedinbringing theSouthAfrican Government tothe negotiating table. PrimeMinister Mulroney pledged inParliament to NelsonMandela, whenhevisited CanadainJune,sayingthat "Thewaytoadvance theprocess ofdemocracy inSouthAfricaistomaintain theexisting economic sanctions." Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library------------------------------~ EMS/lS Al44/PV.98 62 (Mr.MeLean, Canada) Yes,theyareabluntinstrument hurtingallSouthAfricans, but.therehas beennootherwaytoimpress uponPretoria theurgentandserious needfor fundamental change. Withtherecentrapidprogress inSouthAfrica, weanticipate thatthetimeisnotfaroffwhensanctions canbelifted, butitisnothereyet. Canada's PrimeMinister alsotoldNelsonMandela: "Thefightaqainst emartheid haslongbeenacentral element ofCanada's foreiqn policy, bothbecause thecauseissocompellin~ andbecause webelieve thisisoneofthoseissueswhe:reCanadacanmakeadifference." Atthisimportant momentinhistory, webelieveitisanevengreaterpriority to reachintoSouthAfricaandhelpthosepreparing forapost-apartheid society. Canadaisproviding $1.8million thisyearthrough theCanadian Fundforthe Promotion ofDialogue andNegotiations. Thatfundencourages discussion andmutual und~rstanding. Scoresofprojects havealready beenfundedpromoting dialogue amongSouthAfricans whoareworking towards anon-racial democratic future. This year,increased emphasis isbeinggiventoprojects thatdirectly assistthe process ofnegotiations andhelpleveltheplaying field. Suchaprojectisthe provision ofconstitutional expertise. Special attention isalsobeinggivento funding forconferences onissuesandoptions forpost-emartheid SouthAfrica. At thesametime,wearemakinganefforttoencourage Afrikaners andotherwhite SouthAfricans toacceptthenecessity ofchangeandtoparticipate inbuilding a country ofwhichallmaybeproud. In1991weplantoincrease thefundto $2.3million. Theultimate success, ofcourse, willbeanon-racial SouthAfrica. This success, however, willdependonthecapacity ofbothblacksandwhitestoexercise notonlypolitical butintellectual andeconomic power. Thewoefulstatistics on thenumberofblackswithvarious specialized skillstellusthatamuchgreater Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryEMS/15 Al44/PV.98 63 (Mr.McLean, Canada) effortontraining isalready longoverdue. Forexample, thereare35black chartered accountants outofablackpopulation ofanestimated 28million, just over1blackchartered accountant permillion popUlation. Thereare10timesas manywhiteuniversity students asblackinrelation topopUlation: 30perthousand versus 3perthousand. Andeventhecumulative totalofallblackswith post-secondary education isstillonly24perthousand oftheadultpopulation. Accordingly, Canadahasfurther expanded itseducation andtraining programmes by $1million this yea~,inaddition tothemorethan$8million wealready spendona rangeofeducation, training andcommunity development programmes. DuringNelsonMandela's visittoCanada, PrimeMinister Mulroney pledged $5.8million tohelpwiththere~dtriation ofpolitical exilesandtheresettlement ofreturned exilesandreleased political prisoners. Thosefundswillbeprovided through qualified international andvoluntary agencies, including theOfficeofthe UnitedNations HighCommissioner forRefugees (UNHCR) andthechurches. Thefunds willbenefitallreturnees andformerprisoners regardless ofpolitical affiliation. Thepeaceful andsmoothreintegration ofthesepeoplewillenhance thepoolofskills, commitment andhumanresources thatwillbevitaltobuilda strongandunitednon-racial SouthAfrica. Whatcontribution cantheAssembly maketoadvancing thedelicate process now
analysis: The text discusses the situation in South Africa during the transition from apartheid to democracy, with a focus on the role of Canada in supporting this process. It highlights the importance of education and training for the black population, as well as the need for the reintegration of political exiles and released prisoners. The text also mentions the provision of funding for various projects and programs aimed at promoting dialogue and negotiations. Overall, the text suggests that the category that best fits the content is Humanitarian aid and relief, as well as Education, given the emphasis on supporting the people of South Africa during this transition period.