text: technology, which should be designed to strengthen the basic foundations for economic and technological growth In each economy. The papers presented at the Seminar reflect the range of situations and directions In planning and management of science and technology In a rather representative group of developing countries from different regions. Some are In Initial stages of examining their options while some others are In a comprehensive process of Implementing their pol lcles and plans. The papers by the Soviet participants provide a detailed description of the experiences of USSR In this area. The collection of the experiences represent~ In these papers would be of valuable assistance to those Interested In the approaches to managing science and technology for development wi~~ut necessarily preJudging the merits of the various opinions and direction. It Is for this purpose that this volume was brought out for wider dissemination. I wish to thank the Government of USSR for their support In organizing the seminar and for the various Soviet Institutions who contributed to Its preparation and management. I am grateful to the participants for the presentation of the papers contained In this volume. I wish to acknowledge the assistance of the Department of Technical Cooperation for Development of the United Nations Secretariat for assistance In all phases of the Seminar. 1 deeply appreciate the Interest and enthusiasm of the staff of our Centre In the successful organlzatlo~ of the Seminar and In the preparation of this volume. sincerely hope that this volume would help to stimulate further Interest In other parts of the world In articulating the effective •anagement of science and technology for development. Amllcar F. Ferrari Executive Director Centre for Science and Technology for Development, United Nations Secretariat -vi-CONTENTS FOREWORD •••• INTRODUCTION • PART ONE. TRENDS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Science and technology in Angola 
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the role of science and technology in economic development, with a focus on developing countries. The use of phrases such as "basic foundations for economic and technological growth" and "managing science and technology for development" suggests a strong connection to economic development. Additionally, the inclusion of papers from different countries and the emphasis on the experiences of the USSR in this area further supports this hypothesis.