text: security forcesexcessive powers, whichtheyhavebeenalltooeagertouse. Besides, astheUnitedNations Teamlearned duringitsvisit,farfrombeingan intertribal conflict, theviolence inNatalhasbeenaidedandabetted bythe regime's agents, supporters andcollaborators. Iftheregimeisseriously determined toendtheviolence, allithastodoistalktoitscollaborators and putanendtothecomplicity ofitssecurity forces. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryBCT/ASH A/44/PV.96 54-55 (Mr.Nyakyi, UnitedRepublic ofTanzania) Notoneofthelawsintended tocircumscribe political activity hasbeen repealed. Allwehaveinrespect ofthemostdraconian ofthemall-namely, the Internal Security Act-isapromise toreview. And,ofcourse, thepillars of apartheid -intheformoftheGroupAreasAct,the~opulation Registration Act, theLandAct,theBantuEducation Act,thelawssetting uptheTri-Cameral Parliament andtheBantustans -remainintact, astheleaders ofthenational liberation movement nevertireofreminding us. Thisfailure bytheregimetomeetthepre-conditions setoutinthe. Declaration mustraisegravedoubts abo~titssincerity intheongoing "talksabout talks". Thosewhoremember theRhodesian experience mustknowthatthesetalkscan gooninterminably andthenendinthesand.InthecaseofRhodesia theyfounderd onIanSmith's refusal toconcede theprinciple ofmajority rule.Thisisnot unliketheposition ofthePretoria regimeinregardtotheultimate objective of President deKlerk's much-vaunted reforms. Hehasstillnotcommitted himself to theprinciples setoutinparagraph 3oftheDeclaration, including, inparticular, thegoalofademocratic andnon-racial SouthAfricainwhich,toquotethe Declaration, "allitspeopleshallenjoycommonandequalcitizenship andnationality" and "shallhavetherighttoparticipate intheGovernment andadministration of thecountry onthebasisofuniversal, equalsuffrage, underanon-racial voters' roll•••inaunitedandnon-fragmented SouthAfrica". (resolution S-16/1, para.3(b)and(c» Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryEMS/14Al44/PV.9S 56 (Hr.Nyauic UDitedRepublic ofTanzania) MydelegatioD doesnotwishtominimize whathastakenplaceinSouthAfrica duringthepasteightorninemonths, butitisclearthattheprofound and irreversible changes whichtheDeclaration sawastheonlybasisforrelaxing pressure ontheregimehavenottakenplace. Yetthereureafewamonguswhohave, unilaterally goneaheadtorelaxsanctions against thePretoria re~ime. Asifthat wasnotbadenoughtheyhaveevenlaunched acampaign topersuade otherstoemulate theirexample andslacken pressure against theregime. Those'actions canbe described atbestasoverzealous, atworstasaviolation of.theircommitment as speltoutintheprogramme ofactionintheDeclaration, whichweallespoused without asingledissenting voice. Eitherway,thoseefforts torewardtheSouthAfrican regimearemost unfortunate, first,becauseithasbeenclearly shownthatthePretoria regimehas notfullycomplied withtheminimum requirements oftheDeclaration and,secondly, because theideaofrewarding anunr~pentant totalitarian regimeformeasuresit hasbeencompelled totakebyint6rnational pressure againstitisrepugnant. Theprogramme ofactionspeltoutintheDeclaration asksofeachoneofus, interalia,thefollowing threethings: first,tostepupall-around support for theopponents ofapartheid andtocampaign internationally inpursuance ofthat objective; secondly, touseconcerted andeffective measures, including thefull observance byallcountries ofthemandatory armsembargo, aimedatapplying pressure toensureaspeedyendtoapartheid; andthirdly, toensurethatthe international community doesnotrelaxexisting measures aimedatencouraging the SouthAfrican regimetoeradicate apartheid untilthereisclearevidence of profound andirreversible changes, bearing inmindtheobjectives ofthe Declaration. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryEMS/14 A/44/PV.98 57 (Mr.Nyakyi, UnitedRQPublic ofTanzania) Tanzania believes' thatsuchmovement asthePretoria regimehasundertaken is i inpartadirectresultofthepressure,exerted onitbytheinterna':ional. I community. Thereislittleevidence toshowthatitrepresents achangeofheart. Theshuffling offeetcanandshouldleadtoprofound andirreversible change, but onlyifpressure ismaintained. Pastaxperience strongly suggests thatpremature relaxation ofpressure can,andalmostcertainly will,leadtoastandstill oreven toarGversal ofthesmallstepsalready taken. Mydelegation holdsfirmlytotheviewthatthechanges wearetalking ab~ut canbedescribed asprofound andirreversible onlywhenallthepillars of
analysis: The text appears to be a speech or statement about the political situation in South Africa, specifically addressing the apartheid regime and the international community's response to it. It discusses the regime's actions, the lack of progress towards democracy and equality, and the importance of maintaining pressure on the regime to bring about change. The text does not mention economic development, natural resources, or any other specific sector, but rather focuses on the political and social aspects of the situation.