text: the main source of energy In the rural areas, while electricity generated from petroleum and coal resources as wei 1 as hydro• power Is utilised In the urban areas for domestic purposes, In transportation and Industry. Industrial developme_nt In Nigeria has witnessed some mlllure of progress In the past two decades. The era witnessed estlbl lsh­ ment ot a number ot Indigenous Industries that uti I lsi local materials and technology. Such Industries Include textiles. metal works, food, ceram!cs (Including pottery), tobacco• loap, pharmaceuticals, building and road Industries. Also, In existence are some modern Industries that produce a number of finished products from basic raw materials and a few others that merely assembly Intermediate products Into finished products. There are cultural diversities In Nigeria, arising principa­ lly from the existence of several ethnic groups. These differen­ ces In culture and tradition are also reflected In the type of agricultural and Industrial activities practised and the nature of the arts, crafts and housing. existing In the country. BACKGROUND The history behind past efforts made at evolving science and technology machinery for Nigeria, could be traced to the period Immediately preceding Independence In 1960. Events that took place during this period really provoked phenomenal changes that saw a re-orientation In the drive towards designing a suitable science and technology pol Icy for Nigeria. The pol Icy during the colonial era, was geared towards the production of local raw materials to feed Industries abroad and whose products wert t~en brought back to Nigeria, for sale and consumption. Therefore, only research activities that guaranteed the availability of the raw materials, were pursued. But most Importantly, there was a widespread tear that a mass exodus ot foreigners from the key productive and services sectors of the economy, namely, as !cul­ ture (Including agricultural research), medicare (hospitals), 
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the economic development of Nigeria, specifically in terms of energy sources, industrial development, and the role of science and technology in the country's growth. It also touches on cultural diversity and the country's history of colonialism, which had an impact on its economic development.