text: Malta, Nigeria, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Zambia Criminal Procedure Law: Liberia Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure: United States. Penal ; Penal Code: Botswana, Ethiopia, India, Malawi, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka. Note that both terms are used by Ethiopia, India, Singapore and Sri Lanka. 2. Classification of offences (i) England Offences were formerly classified by name as felonies, misdemeanours or petty offences, in decreasing order of gravity. Now all offences are called offences. Crime is simply a non-technical term for an offence and also denotes criminal activities in general. Offences are nevertheless distinguished in two ways: broadly speaking, serious offences are arrestable offences, which means, among other things, that a person can be arrested for them without a warrant, and less serious ones non-arrestable offences, but in certain circumstances a person can be arrested for those offences too without a warrant. A further classification is according to the mode of trial: offences triable on indictment (indictable offences) and offences triable summarily (simmiary offences). Some offences are triable either way, i.e. on indictment or summarily. For definitions see Schedule 1 to the Interpretation Act 1978. Numerous wrongful acts which in many countries lie outside the sphere of criminal law, e.g. infringements of local by-laws, are classified as offences in England. 1/ 1/ An exception (Hampton 2) is the fixed penalty notice (parking ticket) issued under the Road Traffic Acts; only upon non-payment of the fine does the infringement become a triable offence. Examples of such infringements in other cotmtries are as follows: Argentina: faltas y contravenciones municipal y de policía (CPCR 28), municipal and other minor infractions and contraventions. Chile: simple contravención, contravention, infracción, infraction. Mexico: falta, contravention, infracción, infraction, e.g. infracciones de reglamentos gubernativos y de policía. Const. 21, infringements of by-laws and other local regulations. 
analysis: The text appears to be related to the study of laws and criminal procedures in different countries, specifically discussing the classification of offenses and the terminology used. It does not seem to be directly related to any specific sector or industry, but rather provides a general overview of the criminal justice system.