text: conducive tonegotiations aimedateradicating theabhorrent systemofapartheid. Because compliance ~rotherwise withtheseconditions istheyardstick bywhich progress towards thegoaloferadicating §Partheid hastobemeasured, itis pertinent torestate theseconditions. ~heyrequired theregimeto:releaseall political prisoners anddetainees unconditionally andrefrain fromimposing any restrictions onthem;liftallbansandrestrictions onallproscribed and restricted organizations andpersons; removealltroopsfromthetownships; endthe stateofemergency andrepealalllegislation, suchastheInternal Security Act, designed tocircumscribe political activity; and,finally, ceaseallpolitical trialsandexecutions. ~heseconditions weredesigned tosendaclearandunequivocal message tothe regimeinPretoria astowhattheinternational community required ofit. ~hefact thattheDeclaration inwhichtheseconditions aresetwasagreedtobyallStates Members oftheOrganization, andthatitwasadopted byconsensus, servesto , underline theimportance ofthatmessage. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryBCT/ASW Al44/PV.98 52 (Hr.Nyakyi« United R8Rublic ofTanzania) ToenabletheAssembly todecidewhether ornottheregimehadcomplied with therequirements oftheDeclaration, theSecretary-General wasaskedtoproduce a reportontheimelementation oftheDeclaration. Thishasbeendoneand,asweall knowfromourreading ,)fhisreport, theSecretary-General makesitclearthatthe fivepre-conditions fulfilment ofwhichwasaimedatpavingthewayfor nagotiations toendQPartheid havenotyetbeenmet. Itistruethatanumberofmeasures thatcanbesaidtobestepsinthe direction urgedbytheAssembly initsDeclaration havebeentaken. Forexample, therelease ofNelsonMandela andotherpolitical prisoners andtheunbanning of andlifting ofrestrictions onpolitical parties andanumberofother organizations havebeenrightly welcomed worldwide aspositive steps. Theworld hasalsotakennoteofthepartiallifting ofthestateofemergency andtherepeal oftheSeparate Amenities Act.However, thesemeasures donotfulfilthe prerequisites setoutintheDeclara~ion fortheestablishment ofaclimate conducive tonegotiations. Indeed, theyfallveryfarshortofthegoal. Asthe Secretary-General hasobserved inhisreport, onlyonepre-conditio~ -thatisto say,theonecalling fortheunbanning ofpolitical parties and~rganizations -has beenfullymet.Anditshouldbenoted,inpassing, thateventhismeasure hasnot yielded thebenefits expected. Astheevidence presented totheUnitedNations Teamthatvisited SouthAfricaamplydemonstrates, thesebenefits havebeen vitiated notjustbytheall-pervasive natureoftheapartheid systembutalsoby theactions oftheregimedeliberately intended tonegatethepositive effects of the.changes. Theevidence showsthat,whilstintheorythebansandrestrictions onthose organizations andpersons havebeenremoved, theapplication dfamyriadof repressive legislation, suchastheInternal Security Act,theSuppression of Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld LibraryB~/~W A/44/PV.98 53 (Mr.Nyakyi, UnitedRepublic ofTanzania) Communism Act,andothers, hasenabled theregimetoachieve theveryresults that thelifting ofthebansandrestrictions wassupposed toobviate. Weallknow,for instance, thatas~ecently aslastmonthsomeleaders oftheunbanned organizations foundthemselves facingcharges brought against thembytheregime, usinglawssuch asthoseIhavejustcited. T.hus,fouroutoffivepre-conditions arestilltobemet.Alarg~numberof political prisoners anddetainees arestillinprison. Bymostaccounts, about 3,000political prisoners anddetainees arestilllanguishing inapartheid gaols. Theregimehasstillnotgranted theamnesty necessary toallowthereturnof exiles, whichmeansthatasubstantial numberofpolitical refugees arestill outside thecountry. Asthetalksbetween theregimeandtheAfrican National Congress show,theregimeisinnohurrytosatisfy thesepre-conditions. Onthe contrary, fromtheaccount oftheirtalkswiththeUnitedNations Team,wegetthe impression thattheyregardtheAfrican National Congress ashaving ajointand equalresponsibility forthefulfilment oftheconditions. Thisisutterly unacceptable tous,andmydelegation callsontheAssembly torejectit. Wewelcome thelifting ofthestateofemergency inmostpartsofthe country. However, itsretention inNatalisunacceptable, astheleaders ofthe majority non-white popUlation havemadeclear. Theexistence ofviolence inthe province isnovalidreasonfortheretention ofasituation thatconfers onthe
analysis: The text discusses the situation in South Africa, specifically the apartheid system, and the conditions set by the United Nations for its eradication. The text highlights the lack of progress in fulfilling these conditions, despite some positive steps taken by the regime. The focus is on the political situation, human rights, and international relations.