text: body, combines both the advisory and executive as well as sectoral co-ordlnatlon of research activities In the country. Within thiS framework, are 22 autonomous Research Institutes which carry out research In various fields of agriculture , medicine. Industrial actlvltles,etc. The founding of this machinery therefore arose from the pressing need to undertake a balanced scientific manpower develop­ ment, the selection of technologies, funding of science and tech­ nology, and elmlnatlon of constraints to S&T development. There­fore, to develop and sustain effective S&T programmes, a number of problems are being contained and tackled. These Include: N6 II) the Improvement ot science education both at the lower and higher leveiSJ the orientation of scientific research development and their relevance to priorities of Nigeria; and tee hno 1 ogy the needs and Ill) the transfer and utilisation of research flndlnga and technologies In ~he local production proeeSSJ end lv) the systematic aequfsltlon of teehnollgleal know•how and capability throug~ foreign Investment In the country. The Importance of science and technology was the foundation of meaningful and self-sustaining development, Is widely acknowle­ dged In Nigeria. What Is being done Is to formualte a systematic, coherent and comprehensive pol ley on S&T which would be reaponslve to the dynamics of Nigeria's social and economic development. · It Is also hoped that such a pol Icy would pave the way for and facilitate the development of Indigenous capacity to mttt any challenges and be ~ble to anticipate problems that come with technological advancements. 197 IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY IN PAKISTAN: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS INTRODUCTION National development may be viewed as continual movement towards fulfilment of the Individual and collective aspirations of the people. Usually social and technological changes are brought about In the nation through various policies tor realizing the goals of development. In the context of Pakistan, 
analysis: The text appears to be discussing the importance of science and technology in the development of a country, specifically Nigeria. It highlights the need for a comprehensive policy on science and technology to tackle various challenges and issues in the sector. The text also mentions the need for the transfer and utilization of research findings and technologies in local production processes, as well as the development of indigenous capacity to address challenges and anticipate problems.