def _kurtosis(data):
 data = np.ravel(data)
 mu = data.mean()
 m2 = ((data - mu) ** 2).mean()
 m4 = ((data - mu) ** 4).mean()
 return ((m4 / (m2 ** 2)) - 3)

def _kurtosis ( data ) : data = np . ravel ( data ) mu = data . mean ( ) m2 = ( ( data - mu ) ** 2 ) . mean ( ) m4 = ( ( data - mu ) ** 4 ) . mean ( ) return ( ( m4 / ( m2 ** 2 ) ) - 3 )
wrapper for scipy .