def _convert_unsigned(data, fmt):
 num = len(data)
 return struct.unpack('{0}{0}'.format(num, fmt.upper()).encode(u'utf-8'), struct.pack('{0}{0}'.format(num, fmt).encode(u'utf-8'), *data))

def _convert_unsigned ( data , fmt ) : num = len ( data ) return struct . unpack ( '{0}{0}' . format ( num , fmt . upper ( ) ) . encode ( u'utf-8' ) , struct . pack ( '{0}{0}' . format ( num , fmt ) . encode ( u'utf-8' ) , * data ) )
convert data from signed to unsigned in bulk .