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What factors contributed to the decline of AI research in the 1970s? TThe first AI winter 1974–1980
In the 1970s, AI was subject to critiques and financial setbacks. AI researchers had failed to appreciate the difficulty of the problems they faced. Their tremendous optimism had raised expectations impossibly high, and when the promised results failed to materialize, funding for AI disappeared. At the same time, the field of connectionism (or neural nets) was shut down almost completely for 10 years by Marvin Minsky's devastating criticism of perceptrons. Despite the difficulties with public perception of AI in the late 70s, new ideas were explored in logic programming, commonsense reasoning and many other areas.

The problems
In the early seventies, the capabilities of AI programs were limited. Even the most impressive could only handle trivial versions of the problems they were supposed to solve; all the programs were, in some sense, "toys". AI researchers had begun to run into several fundamental limits that could not be overcome in the 1970s. Although some of these limits would be conquered in later decades, others still stymie the field to this day.

Limited computer power: There was not enough memory or processing speed to accomplish anything truly useful. For example, Ross Quillian's successful work on natural language was demonstrated with a vocabulary of only twenty words, because that was all that would fit in memory. Hans Moravec argued in 1976 that computers were still millions of times too weak to exhibit intelligence. He suggested an analogy: artificial intelligence requires computer power in the same way that aircraft require horsepower. Below a certain threshold, it's impossible, but, as power increases, eventually it could become easy. With regard to computer vision, Moravec estimated that simply matching the edge and motion detection capabilities of human retina in real time would require a general-purpose computer capable of 109 operations/second (1000 MIPS). As of 2011, practical computer vision applications require 10,000 to 1,000,000 MIPS. By comparison, the fastest supercomputer in 1976, Cray-1 (retailing at $5 million to $8 million), was only capable of around 80 to 130 MIPS, and a typical desktop computer at the time achieved less than 1 MIPS.
Intractability and the combinatorial explosion. In 1972 Richard Karp (building on Stephen Cook's 1971 theorem) showed there are many problems that can probably only be solved in exponential time (in the size of the inputs). Finding optimal solutions to these problems requires unimaginable amounts of computer time except when the problems are trivial. This almost certainly meant that many of the "toy" solutions used by AI would probably never scale up into useful systems.
Commonsense knowledge and reasoning. Many important artificial intelligence applications like vision or natural language require simply enormous amounts of information about the world: the program needs to have some idea of what it might be looking at or what it is talking about. This requires that the program know most of the same things about the world that a child does. Researchers soon discovered that this was a truly vast amount of information. No one in 1970 could build a database so large and no one knew how a program might learn so much information.
Moravec's paradox: Proving theorems and solving geometry problems is comparatively easy for computers, but a supposedly simple task like recognizing a face or crossing a room without bumping into anything is extremely difficult. This helps explain why research into vision and robotics had made so little progress by the middle 1970s.
The frame and qualification problems. AI researchers (like John McCarthy) who used logic discovered that they could not represent ordinary deductions that involved planning or default reasoning without making changes to the structure of logic itself. They developed new logics (like non-monotonic logics and modal logics) to try to solve the problems.
The end of funding
See also: AI winter
The agencies which funded AI research (such as the British government, DARPA and NRC) became frustrated with the lack of progress and eventually cut off almost all funding for undirected research into AI. The pattern began as early as 1966 when the ALPAC report appeared criticizing machine translation efforts. After spending 20 million dollars, the NRC ended all support. In 1973, the Lighthill report on the state of AI research in England criticized the utter failure of AI to achieve its "grandiose objectives" and led to the dismantling of AI research in that country. (The report specifically mentioned the combinatorial explosion problem as a reason for AI's failings.) DARPA was deeply disappointed with researchers working on the Speech Understanding Research program at CMU and canceled an annual grant of three million dollars. By 1974, funding for AI projects was hard to find.

Hans Moravec blamed the crisis on the unrealistic predictions of his colleagues. "Many researchers were caught up in a web of increasing exaggeration." However, there was another issue: since the passage of the Mansfield Amendment in 1969, DARPA had been under increasing pressure to fund "mission-oriented direct research, rather than basic undirected research". Funding for the creative, freewheeling exploration that had gone on in the 60s would not come from DARPA. Instead, the money was directed at specific projects with clear objectives, such as autonomous tanks and battle management systems.

Critiques from across campus
See also: Philosophy of artificial intelligence
Several philosophers had strong objections to the claims being made by AI researchers. One of the earliest was John Lucas, who argued that Gödel's incompleteness theorem showed that a formal system (such as a computer program) could never see the truth of certain statements, while a human being could. Hubert Dreyfus ridiculed the broken promises of the 1960s and critiqued the assumptions of AI, arguing that human reasoning actually involved very little "symbol processing" and a great deal of embodied, instinctive, unconscious "know how". John Searle's Chinese Room argument, presented in 1980, attempted to show that a program could not be said to "understand" the symbols that it uses (a quality called "intentionality"). If the symbols have no meaning for the machine, Searle argued, then the machine can not be described as "thinking".

These critiques were not taken seriously by AI researchers, often because they seemed so far off the point. Problems like intractability and commonsense knowledge seemed much more immediate and serious. It was unclear what difference "know how" or "intentionality" made to an actual computer program. Minsky said of Dreyfus and Searle "they misunderstand, and should be ignored." Dreyfus, who taught at MIT, was given a cold shoulder: he later said that AI researchers "dared not be seen having lunch with me." Joseph Weizenbaum, the author of ELIZA, felt his colleagues' treatment of Dreyfus was unprofessional and childish. Although he was an outspoken critic of Dreyfus' positions, he "deliberately made it plain that theirs was not the way to treat a human being."

Weizenbaum began to have serious ethical doubts about AI when Kenneth Colby wrote a "computer program which can conduct psychotherapeutic dialogue" based on ELIZA. Weizenbaum was disturbed that Colby saw a mindless program as a serious therapeutic tool. A feud began, and the situation was not helped when Colby did not credit Weizenbaum for his contribution to the program. In 1976, Weizenbaum published Computer Power and Human Reason which argued that the misuse of artificial intelligence has the potential to devalue human life.

Perceptrons and the attack on connectionism
A perceptron was a form of neural network introduced in 1958 by Frank Rosenblatt, who had been a schoolmate of Marvin Minsky at the Bronx High School of Science. Like most AI researchers, he was optimistic about their power, predicting that "perceptron may eventually be able to learn, make decisions, and translate languages." An active research program into the paradigm was carried out throughout the 1960s but came to a sudden halt with the publication of Minsky and Papert's 1969 book Perceptrons. It suggested that there were severe limitations to what perceptrons could do and that Frank Rosenblatt's predictions had been grossly exaggerated. The effect of the book was devastating: virtually no research at all was done in connectionism for 10 years. Eventually, a new generation of researchers would revive the field and thereafter it would become a vital and useful part of artificial intelligence. Rosenblatt would not live to see this, as he died in a boating accident shortly after the book was published.

Logic and symbolic reasoning: the "neats"
Logic was introduced into AI research as early as 1959, by John McCarthy in his Advice Taker proposal. In 1963, J. Alan Robinson had discovered a simple method to implement deduction on computers, the resolution and unification algorithm. However, straightforward implementations, like those attempted by McCarthy and his students in the late 1960s, were especially intractable: the programs required astronomical numbers of steps to prove simple theorems. A more fruitful approach to logic was developed in the 1970s by Robert Kowalski at the University of Edinburgh, and soon this led to the collaboration with French researchers Alain Colmerauer and Philippe Roussel who created the successful logic programming language Prolog. Prolog uses a subset of logic (Horn clauses, closely related to "rules" and "production rules") that permit tractable computation. Rules would continue to be influential, providing a foundation for Edward Feigenbaum's expert systems and the continuing work by Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon that would lead to Soar and their unified theories of cognition.

Critics of the logical approach noted, as Dreyfus had, that human beings rarely used logic when they solved problems. Experiments by psychologists like Peter Wason, Eleanor Rosch, Amos Tversky, Daniel Kahneman and others provided proof. McCarthy responded that what people do is irrelevant. He argued that what is really needed are machines that can solve problems—not machines that think as people do.

Frames and scripts: the "scuffles"
Among the critics of McCarthy's approach were his colleagues across the country at MIT. Marvin Minsky, Seymour Papert and Roger Schank were trying to solve problems like "story understanding" and "object recognition" that required a machine to think like a person. In order to use ordinary concepts like "chair" or "restaurant" they had to make all the same illogical assumptions that people normally made. Unfortunately, imprecise concepts like these are hard to represent in logic. Gerald Sussman observed that "using precise language to describe essentially imprecise concepts doesn't make them any more precise." Schank described their "anti-logic" approaches as "scruffy", as opposed to the "neat" paradigms used by McCarthy, Kowalski, Feigenbaum, Newell and Simon.

In 1975, in a seminal paper, Minsky noted that many of his fellow "scruffy" researchers were using the same kind of tool: a framework that captures all our common sense assumptions about something. For example, if we use the concept of a bird, there is a constellation of facts that immediately come to mind: we might assume that it flies, eats worms and so on. We know these facts are not always true and that deductions using these facts will not be "logical", but these structured sets of assumptions are part of the context of everything we say and think. He called these structures "frames". Schank used a version of frames he called "scripts" to successfully answer questions about short stories in English.

Unrealistic expectations, a lack of funding, the challenge of producing significant results, and the discovery of a number of fundamental limitations that AI scientists could not overcome in the 1970s all contributed to the decline of AI research in that decade


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Given this paragraph about Museo Municipal Taurino Francisco Montes, where is it located? Museo Municipal Taurino Francisco Montes is located in Chiclana de la Frontera, in the province of Cádiz, Andalusia, southwestern Spain. Situated on San Agustín Street, the bullfighting museum is dedicated to the matador Francisco Montes Reina (1805–1851), nicknamed "Paquiro", who was born in this town. He is considered the most important 19th century bullfighter, because of his skill at the sport, on foot or on horseback. The bullfighting displays include pieces of great historical and artistic value. It was inaugurated in 2003 and founded by Pedro Leal Aragon who for seven years collected objects, souvenirs and bullfighting implements. One of its first events was a group show of the artists Antonio Vela, Carlos Quevedo, and Paloma Garcia. After a renovation, it re-opened in June 2005 with miniature models of the bullring in Ronda, a head bust of Paquiro, and an original painting by Antonio Cavanna.The expansion also housed Spain's most important bullfighting collection, Collection Sagnier, which was acquired by the city to improve the historical and artistic quality of the municipal bullfighting museum. There are four rooms: bullfighting origins, Paquiro and his time, contemporary bullfighting, and the bull and the arts. The museum's garden is used for book presentations, press conferences, weddings and small concerts. It is closed on Sundays.


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Based on the passage, which directors were considered for directing the Spider-Man movie apart from Raimi? Spider-Man is a 2002 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero of the same name. Directed by Sam Raimi from a screenplay by David Koepp, it is the first installment in Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy, and stars Tobey Maguire as the titular character, alongside Willem Dafoe, Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, Cliff Robertson, and Rosemary Harris. The film chronicles Spider-Man's origin story and early superhero career. After being bitten by a genetically-altered spider, outcast teenager Peter Parker develops spider-like superhuman abilities and adopts a masked superhero identity to fight crime and injustice in New York City, facing the sinister Green Goblin (Dafoe) in the process.

Development on a live-action Spider-Man film began in the 1980s. Filmmakers Tobe Hooper, James Cameron, and Joseph Zito were all attached to direct the film at one point. However, the project would languish in development hell due to licensing and financial issues. After progress on the film stalled for nearly 25 years, it was licensed for a worldwide release by Columbia Pictures in 1999 after it acquired options from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) on all previous scripts developed by Cannon Films, Carolco, and New Cannon. Exercising its option on just two elements from the multi-script acquisition (a different screenplay was written by James Cameron, Ted Newsom, John Brancato, Barney Cohen, and Joseph Goldman), Sony hired Koepp to create a working screenplay (credited as Cameron's), and Koepp received sole credit in final billing. Directors Roland Emmerich, Ang Lee, Chris Columbus, Barry Sonnenfeld, Tim Burton, Michael Bay, Jan de Bont, M. Night Shyamalan, Tony Scott, and David Fincher were considered to direct the project before Raimi was hired as director in 2000. The Koepp script was rewritten by Scott Rosenberg during pre-production and received a dialogue polish from Alvin Sargent during production. Filming took place in Los Angeles and New York City from January to June 2001. Sony Pictures Imageworks handled the film's visual effects.

Roland Emmerich, Ang Lee, Chris Columbus, Barry Sonnenfeld, Tim Burton, Michael Bay, Jan de Bont, M. Night Shyamalan, Tony Scott, and David Fincher.


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Given a reference text about the IBJJF, provide two tournaments organized by IBJJ and the ruleset used by these tournaments. The International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation (IBJJF) is a for-profit company that hosts several of the biggest Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) tournaments in the world, including the World Jiu-Jitsu Championship, World No-Gi Championship, Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship, and European Open Jiu-Jitsu Championship. The federation was created by Carlos Gracie, Jr., who is the head of one of the largest Brazilian jiu-jitsu associations, Gracie Barra. The IBJJF uses the ruleset of the Confederação Brasileira de Jiu-Jitsu (CBJJ). On October 11, 2020, the IBJJF announced that they will begin to allow both heel hooks and knee-reaping for all brown and black belts competing in no-gi tournaments, starting on an undisclosed date in 2021.

World No-Gi Championship and Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship are two tournaments organized by the IBJJF. They follow the ruleset of the CBJJ.


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In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Gardener?

Garth the Gardener


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What are the names of the different scores you can shoot for each hole when golfing?

The following are the names for different scores you can shoot on a golf hole:
- Hole-in-One: The hole was completed with only one shot.
- Albatross: The hole was completed in 3 shots less than par.
- Eagle: The hole was completed in 2 shots less than par.
- Birdie: The hole was completed in 1 shot less than par.
- Par: The hole was completed in the same number of shots as par.
- Bogey: The hole was completed in 1 shot more than par.
- Double Bogey: The hole was completed in 2 shots more than par.
- Triple Bogey: The hole was completed in 3 shots more than par.
- Quadruple Bogey: The hole was completed in 4 shots more than par.
- Quintuple Bogey: The hole was completed in 5 shots more than par.


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How many prototypes were made? The first prototype was entirely mechanical. Three prototypes were made, and they were improved over one year. In the meantime, sure of having found a solution to the problem of taking 360° photos, Leme applied for a patent registration, a process that went on for some years.

Three prototypes were made and improved over one year.


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As per WHO Marburg Virus Disease(MVD) is a severe often fatal haemorrhagic fever it was earlier known as

Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever


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I would like to build an investment portfolio with a balance of short term and longer term investments. For short term I would like a return on investment within two years. Please tell me which of these investments fall into the short-term bucket and which are longer-term:  10 year Treasury Bonds, Growth Stocks, Bitcoin, Index Funds, Precious Metals, High-yield Savings Accounts, 1-2 year Treasury Bonds, Real Estate.

Short term investment bucket: High-yield savings accounts, 1-2 year Treasury Bonds.
Longer term investment bucket: Longer-term investment: Growth stocks, Index Funds, Real Estate, Precious Metals, Bitcoin, 10 year Treasury bonds.

Note: This classification is for informational purposes only and is not financial advice. Please consult a financial advisor.


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What are the benefits of a high protein diet

High protein diets can have a lot of benefits. For one, if you are interested in muscle growth, protein helps with that, and a high protein diet can lead to increased muscle growth. Additionally, protein rich meals can help people stay full longer which can help decrease snacking leading to weight loss


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Give me the details of Ezekiel's Temple Features of the temple are described in detail in the book of Ezekiel, in the form of a vision given to the prophet. Physical characteristics of the multi-level wood-panelled structure such as gateways, outer and inner courts, side chambers and vestibules, archways, doors, windows, sanctuary and altar are described. Some furnishings are described. Details of decoration are given, for example cherubim and palm trees carved on the doors and walls. The purposes of the side chambers are given, for example, for robing of the priests, for consumption of the flesh of sacrifices by the priests, and for singers. Dimensions are given based on the cubit.

The biblical book of Ezekiel includes a description of a temple structure, with specific details regarding materials used such as wood, architectural features such as archways and gateways, and interior features such as the inclusion of an altar.  Dimensions and decorative details such as natural carvings are also included in the description.


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If we wanted to play sports that involve a ball, which of these would we play: soccer, football, swimming, snowboard, skiing, baseball.

Soccer, football and baseball are sports that require a ball whereas swimming, snowboarding and skiing do not.


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Tell me which one does not fit with the group:  Dog, Horse, Goat, Cat, Fox

All except Fox are domestic animals


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When did Lebron James become the NBA's all time leading scorer?

Lebron James passed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar as the NBA's all time leading scorer on February 7, 2023.


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What is the most likely solution to fermi's paradox

This is highly debatable topic and there are several solutions to the Fermi's paradox.However the great filter seems to be the one which has high probabilities than other. in the Great Filter scenario, something occurs to civilization at some point of their lifetime that cause termination and extinction. it is not clear so far what that event could be, and whether it is man-made or form outside.


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Why is India a major outsourcing partner for Information technology services?

India ranks as the number one country in the world in providing technical support and Information technology related services. India has more than 50% of the global IT outsourcing share (https://idapgroup.com/blog/it-outsourcing-to-india/#:~:text=Indian%20IT%20in%20Numbers%20%26%20Facts&text=Holds%2055%25%20of%20global%20IT,countries%20all%20over%20the%20globe.)

India has a large educated young workforce that forms the core engine for driving the growth of IT services from India. This workforce is trained in skills in demand, namely the Information technology related topics, from the many universities spread across the country.

English is a language commonly used in India. There is a huge workforce that is well trained and proficient in English. This is a huge advantage when it comes to providing services to global customers who are looking to use a team that is able to communicate in English.

India is a developing country. The cost of living and the salary scale for employees is low compared the salary for similar employees in developed countries such as the United States of America, Great Britain, Australia, France, etc. The difference in salary levels provides a natural cost arbitrage that provides a compelling reason when a company is exploring to outsource.

The combination of the above factors namely availability of a trained workforce that is able to communicate in English and the arbitrage in salary costs makes India an attractive outsourcing partner for many businesses in the developed countries.


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Which of the following numbers is a real number: -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e, sqrt(-1)?

The real numbers among those are -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e


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On which day did Theodore Roosevelt lose both his first wife and his mother?

February 14, 1884.


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What are the most important tools to own when I am an apartment renter?

As a renter, you’ll often find yourself hanging pictures, assembling furniture, installing floating shelves, opening and cutting up boxes, storing things on high shelves, tightening screws or bolts that come loose over time, cleaning cobwebs, measuring furniture or a room where you’d like to put furniture, unclogging a toilet, or any number of other activities centered around daily apartment life.

To do these things, you’ll need a small number of tools, including:
- A standard toilet plunger, because toilets get clogged. Get this most important tool first.
- A 1” wide tape measure. Get one that’s 25ft long. The wide width makes it easier for one person to measure long runs or furniture by themselves. A 25ft length will be long enough to measure the longest wall of most rooms and any piece of furniture.
- A small level to evenly hang pictures and anything else you can think of. It should be about 10” to 12” long.
- A pair of #2 Phillips head and #2 flat tip screwdrivers. Or, a ratcheting screwdriver with a set of replaceable screwdriver tips. To tighten loose screws or assemble furniture.
- A folding step-stool that has two or three steps, and can support two to three hundred pounds. To quickly and safely reach those high shelves, hang pictures, and get close to things that are too high off the ground for you to reach standing in your flat shoes.
- A comfortable-in-hand hammer, to drive nails for hanging pictures, gently tap things together, or break things apart. A wooden handled, curved-claw hammer that weighs between 12oz-16oz will serve most users well. When pulling nails, place a thin piece of wood between the hammerhead and delicate surfaces such as sheetrock to avoid damaged. Good hardware stores carry both.
- A pair of adjustable wrenches for tightening just about anything. You’ll often need a pair of
wrenches to both hold and tighten the same fastener. A smaller 8” and larger 10” adjustable
wrenches make a good combination for most tasks.
- A utility knife and a package of quality blades. To safely cut open boxes and other packaging, as well as trim paper, fabrics, textiles, wood…etc. The knife should feel secure in your hand and have a large, easy to turn knob to open the knife to change blades. Buy a package of high-quality name brand replacement blades to keep on hand.
- An extra power receptacle for an emergency or unplanned usage. Always have an extra on
hand…you will need it.
- Hex wrenches. Also called Allen keys. You’ll need these mainly for assembling things like
furniture. These come in both metric and imperial standard sizes. Both are useful to have, but if you only buy one set, make it metric, as it’s the most common type of fastener used to assemble furniture.
- A stud finder. Stud finders help you locate the wall studs hidden behind the sheetrock. You’ll need to know where the wall studs are in order to know which fasteners you can use.
- A tool box or bag. The only rule here is that the bag needs to hold all of your tools. So, you should probably buy this after you’ve owned and used a few of the tools listed previously, and have a better idea how you’d like to store them, carry them and access them.
- A cordless drill and impact driver set, if you can afford it. All the other tools are more important, but these two tools are incredibly useful and make many jobs go faster and more pleasantly. The drill is for drilling. The impact driver is for driving or removing screws and other common fasteners. They look similar, but they are 2 different tools, each giving the user the right kinds of power and feedback required for the job each is designed for. It pays to buy quality here, so buy the best you can afford.


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Who are the top 25 regular season career points scorers in the NBA to date?

- LeBron James
- Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
- Karl Malone
- Kobe Bryant
- Michael Jordan
- Dirk Nowitzki
- Wilt Chamberlain
- Shaquille O'Neal
- Carmelo Anthony
- Moses Malone
- Elvin Hayes
- Hakeem Olajuwon
- Kevin Durant
- Oscar Robertson
- Dominique Wilkins
- Tim Duncan
- Paul Pierce
- John Havlicek
- Kevin Garnett
- Vince Carter
- Alex English
- Reggie Miller
- Jerry West
- Patrick Ewing
- James Harden


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What is the billboard number one in the top 10 of 1980? This is a list of Billboard magazine's Top Hot 100 songs of 1980.

No.	Title	Artist(s)
1	"Call Me"	Blondie
2	"Another Brick in the Wall, Part II"	Pink Floyd
3	"Magic"	Olivia Newton-John
4	"Rock with You"	Michael Jackson
5	"Do That to Me One More Time"	Captain & Tennille
6	"Crazy Little Thing Called Love"	Queen
7	"Coming Up"	Paul McCartney
8	"Funkytown"	Lipps Inc
9	"It's Still Rock and Roll to Me"	Billy Joel
10	"The Rose"	Bette Midler

"Call Me" is a song by the American new wave band Blondie and the theme to the 1980 film American Gigolo. "Call Me" was No. 1 for six consecutive weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, where it became the band's biggest single and second No. 1.


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Who directed the premiere episode of season four of Game of Thrones?

D.B. Weiss, who also co-authored the season four premiere episode, directed "Two Swords."


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Why are mama's boys the worst partners?

Mama's boys grow up to be horrible partners because they never really grow up to be fully functioning adults. They were raised thinking they are the center of the universe. Their moms made them believe they could do no wrong. They never learned how to be considerate of other people's feelings. They learned that no matter what, mama would always be around to clean up their mess — literally and figuratively. Their moms did their laundry well into their twenties. They don't know how to do basic things around the house like boil an egg, cook rice or pick up after themselves. A telltale sign of a mama's boy: he comes home with a new purchase, opens it up, leaves all the plastic packaging lying around on the kitchen table. It doesn't bother him. He literally does not see the trash he leaves around. Mama's boys don't know how to pay their bills, manage their checking accounts, do grocery shopping and many, many more things. But these behaviors are symbolic of a much deeper deficiency: their emotional intelligence is practically nonexistent. Typically, it takes decades to train a mama's boy to be a fully functioning adult who can be an acceptable partner. It's possible only if he's willing to admit his faults and try every day to be a better human being.


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Which is a species of fish? Seahorse or Arabian

Seahorse


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What year did Wyoming become a state?


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find the most famous historical places in Egypt Egypt has one of the longest histories of any country, tracing its heritage along the Nile Delta back to the 6th–4th millennia BCE. Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient Egypt saw some of the earliest developments of writing, agriculture, urbanisation, organised religion and central government. Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx, as well the ruins of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings, reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of scientific and popular interest. Egypt's long and rich cultural heritage is an integral part of its national identity, which reflects its unique transcontinental location being simultaneously Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and North African. Egypt was an early and important centre of Christianity, but was largely Islamised in the seventh century and remains a predominantly Sunni Muslim country, albeit with a significant Christian minority, along with other lesser practiced faiths.


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What is the best time to study

Morning. Because your mind will be fresh


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Who and when was the compass invented?

Over 2000 years ago by the Chinese, by magnetizing needles made from iron, and placing them in water


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Why is baseball considered such a quintessential US sport?

There are many factors that make many Americans think of baseball as "America's pastime."  Possibly the biggest factor is that baseball has been played for so long that it's history ties together generations of Americans through their common rooting interest in their favorite teams.  Another reason: baseball players became celebrities and figures in pop culture long before such a thing was common in other sports.  While baseball has lagged in growth in recent times when compared to leagues such as the NFL and the NBA, it is still a vibrant sport with large revenues and extremely passionate fan bases around the country.


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What is mutually assured destruction?

Mutually assured destruction is the belief that two countries will not attack each other if each country has the ability to destroy the other with the same amount of military power. Mutually assured destruction or "MAD" is a principle from the era of the Cold War and is considered part of a US military doctrine. The policy is often applied to the use of nuclear weapons. For example, because both the United States and Russia have nuclear weapons that could annihilate large populations, neither uses them. To do so, would mean the end of both populations, and a large part of humanity.


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here is some information about Ross McLean, how many years was Ross president of the Leavue of help for sick and elderly? He was a member of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Board of Directors for five years from 1999. He was chair of the National Childcare Accreditation Council for four years from 1996 to 1999. He was president of the Association for the Blind of WA from 1995 to 1999. He was president of the League of Help for the Sick and Elderly of WA from 1995 to 1997. In December 2001 he resigned as chairman of the Fremantle Football Club in the wake of revelations that the club had exceeded the salary cap for the 2001 season. He was a member of the Board of the Western Australian Cricket Association from 2004 to 2012.

2 years, between 1995 to 1997.


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Provide a bulleted list of easy accommodations for autistic individuals in the workplace.

Noise-canceling headphones

Ability to control lighting -- dimming the lights, lamp light instead of overhead lights, or the ability to let in or reduce natural light

Make a quiet sensory free room available for breaks or individual work

Allow pets in the office


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What is the difference between it's and its?

"It's" is a contraction for "it is".  Whereas "its" is the possessive pronoun for it


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Argue that large language models are not conscious.

Large language models weren't designed to be conscious, and so it seems unlikely that consciousness would emerge as an unintended side effect, or emergent property, of these models.


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Give me five tips for practicing a speech.

(1) Write out the speech by hand.  Handwriting can help you to memorize the text.
(2) Write out a very short (5-point) outline, with one or two key lines you want to emphasize.  If you can remember these, you can fill in the rest.
(3) Practice the speech in an unusual situation, such as facing a blank wall or in the middle of an open field.  If you can stay on point and deliver the speech there, then you can do it in front of an audience.
(4) Record yourself practicing, and listen to the recording.  Ideally, use video so you can see your gestures and body language.
(5) Practice in an exaggerated manner: speak more loudly than you think you need to; use big, slow hand gestures; and speak more slowly than you plan to.


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When giving examples of what is a verb and what is a noun, explain which of these words falls into which category. Slowly, wipe,  tidily, fully, jump, yell, sleep, talk, hopelessly.

Wipe, jump, yell, sleep and talk are all examples of verbs. Slowly, tidily, fully and hopelessly are adverbs.


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What is the best way to get from one place to another?

The term "best" is relative to your individual preferences and circumstances.

In general, how to get from one place to another depends on several key factors, such as the distance between these two places, available methods of transportations, and the amount of money that you are willing to spend. Additional factors to consider are whether you have a preferred method of transportation and how much time you are willing to spend on this trip. Cheaper transportation options may take a longer time.

The methods of transportation include airplanes, trains, ships or ferries, busses, and cars, but not all locations have all these transportation methods available.

Usually, if the two places are relatively close to each other, a bus or a train may be a good option. If public transportation between these two places is not well established, then a personal car may be a reasonable alternative.

In some circumstances, when the distance between the two place is very short, less than three miles or so, walking may be your best option. This, of course, depends on your ability and willingness to walk that distance.

If the two places are relatively far, usually more than a couple hundred miles, an airplane may be a good option to consider.


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Which city is best in Australia

There are many great cities in Australia. Which is best depends on what you like. Sydney is known for its beauty with some of Australia's most iconic landmarks such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge and Sydney Opera House. Sydney is also the largest city in Australia.
Melbourne is knowns for its fun nightlife, culture, and sport, hosting events like the Australian F1 and the Australian Open tennis grand slam.
Adelaide is known for its food, and wine, and for being a great place to live. And Hobart in Tasmania is surrounded by great food and beautiful surroundings and is increasingly regarded as one of the best places in Australia for families.


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Classify each of the following as either computer hardware or computer software: hard drive, text editor, keyboard, monitor, mouse, operating system, and Internet browser.

hard drive - computer hardware, text editor - computer software, keyboard - computer hardware, monitor - computer hardware, mouse - computer hardware, operating system - computer software, and Internet browser - computer software.


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What is efficient market hypothesis?

Efficient market hypothesis postulates that markets converge on a fair price with all available information being generally available to the market.  Thus it is not logical that any one person can beat the market, if all information is generally available.


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write a short essay fire fighters working on California wild fires

The wildfires that rage through California every year are some of the most destructive and dangerous natural disasters that the state faces. The firefighters who work tirelessly to control these fires are some of the bravest and most dedicated professionals in the world.

Firefighters working on California wildfires are faced with enormous challenges. The fires can spread quickly, fueled by strong winds and dry conditions, and can be difficult to control. Firefighters often work long hours in dangerous conditions, battling flames that can reach hundreds of feet high.

Despite the risks, California's firefighters are highly trained and equipped with state-of-the-art technology to help them do their jobs. They use a range of tools, from helicopters and bulldozers to chainsaws and shovels, to contain the fires and prevent them from spreading.

Firefighters working on California wildfires come from all over the state and sometimes from other states as well. They work together in teams, coordinating their efforts to make the most effective use of resources and manpower. They work not just to control the fires, but also to help people who have been affected by them, offering shelter and support to those who have lost their homes or businesses.

The bravery and dedication of California's firefighters cannot be overstated. They put their lives on the line to protect others, working tirelessly to control fires that threaten entire communities. Their work is essential to the safety and well-being of the state's residents, and they are rightly celebrated as heroes for their efforts.


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Give me a list of the best golf movies I've never seen.

- Caddyshack
- Tin Cup
- The Greatest Game Ever Played
- The Legend of Bagger Vance


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Who is Milka Ivić? Milka Ivić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милка Ивић, 11 December 1923 – 7 March 2011) was a Serbian linguist.

Milka Ivić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милка Ивић, 11 December 1923 – 7 March 2011) was a Serbian linguist.

She was born in Belgrade. She took her doctorate in 1954 with the thesis Značenja srpskohrvatskoga instrumentala i njihov razvoj (The Meanings of Serbo-Croatian Instrumental and Their Development), and became a professor of Serbian and Croatian language at the University of Novi Sad. She was especially known for her book Pravci u lingvistici (Trends [Movements] in Linguistics). She was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1976, a corresponding member of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts from 1983,and a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.


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Tell me whether these are literary genres or titles of books: Non-fiction, 1984, Mystery, The lost girls of paris, Fiction, Narrative, The one and only Ruby, Mary Poppins, Science fiction.

Sure, literary genres include: Non-fiction, Mystery, Fiction, Narrative, and Science fiction. Titles of books from this list are: 1984, The Lost girls of Paris, The One and Only Ruby, Marry Poppins.


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Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Flexatone, Ek Tare

Ek Tare is string, Flexatone is percussion.


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Which are the states in India with coastlines?

Most of the southern states in India are having coastlines that include Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, and Telangana. Towards the east-west Bengal and Orissa have a long coastline and towards the west Maharashtra and Gujrat.


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How to find a boyfriend or girlfriend?

Finding a partner is a life topic. People fall in love in very different ways. Some people will start a relationship with friends after knowing each other for years, while some will love someone who was still a completely stranger yesterday. Some people will completely rely on serendipity to meet someone new, while some use dating apps to find a potential lover with clear purposes. There are no right ways to start a relationship, but a wrong relationship can be harmful to both sides. Therefore, you should take your take and never rush into a new relationship. Some tips for finding a BF or GF:
1. Participate in more events to meet new people. For example, exercise classes, clubs of your hobby, volunteering, and parties can be a good start.
2. Ask your friends to recommend some guy/girl they know. Friends can be a reliable source since they share similar background and experience with you.
3. Be nice, honest and helpful to everyone you meet. This can help you to build good reputation in your friends circle so that people are more likely to be attracted by you.
4. Know a person well before you start developing a romantic relationship with him/her. Some people may be very different as a friend vs. in a relationship. It's better to spend more time dating, knowing his/her life before making a decision.


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what is north america North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere.

North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean. Because it is on the North American Tectonic Plate, Greenland is included as a part of North America geographically.


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Who was General Sir Henry Clinton

General Sir Henry Clinton, KB (16 April 1730 – 23 December 1795) was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1772 and 1795. He is best known for his service as a general during the American War of Independence. First arriving in Boston in May 1775, from 1778 to 1782 he was the British Commander-in-Chief in North America. In addition to his military service, due to the influence of his cousin Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, he was a Member of Parliament for many years. Late in life he was named Governor of Gibraltar, but died before assuming the post.


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What is the 2008 Scottish Labour deputy leadership election? What was the 2008 Scottish Labour Party deputy leadership election?

The 2008 Scottish Labour Party deputy leadership election was an internal party election to choose a new deputy leader of the Labour Party in the Scottish Parliament, which caused the resignation of Cathy Jamieson. Johann Lamont won the election and was elected deputy leader on Saturday 13 September.


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Classify each of the following as either a wine varietal or style of beer: Lager, Ale, India pale ale, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir

Lager is a style of beer which is brewed and conditioned at low temperature.
Ale is a style of beer which is known for being full-bodied and somewhat bitter, with strong flavors and aromas of hops.
India pale ale is a hoppy beer typically known for having a higher alcohol by volume (ABV).
Sauvignon Blanc is a white wine varietal that originates from the city of Bordeaux in France.
Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the world's most recognized red wine grape varieties.
Pinot Noir is a red wine grape variety derived from the French words for pine and black.


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What is Doña Barbara? Doña Bárbara is a novel written by the Venezuelan Rómulo Gallegos and published by Editorial Araluce, on February 15 , 1929 . 1 It has been republished more than forty times and translated into other languages. It consists of three parts and is set in Apure plains in Venezuela , on the Arauca river property .

Doña Bárbara is a novel written by the Venezuelan Rómulo Gallegos and published by Editorial Araluce, on February 15 , 1929 . 1 It has been republished more than forty times and translated into other languages. It consists of three parts and is set in Apure plains in Venezuela , on the Arauca river property .

Doña Bárbara is the most popular Venezuelan novel: since its appearance in 1929, it has been read avidly perhaps because between the lines Gallegos expressed his rebellion against the dictatorial regime of Juan Vicente Gómez and the backwardness that the country was experiencing. The novel examines the sociological topic, rooted in positivism, civilization versus barbarism in rural Venezuelan life. Among other merits, the writer's mastery in terms of character creation stands out, as well as the description of the llanero landscape.


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The first Battle of Panipat was fought in the year 1761.


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Who are the tallest people in the world?

The Dutch are the tallest people in the world, with an average height between 175-176cm (depending on your source). The Dutch man drive this number up, with an average of 183 cm, the dutch ladies are only 171 cm on average.

Why they are so tall is unknown. Some think it is a combination of genetics, universal healthcare, and dairy at that delicious Gouda cheese consumption - others think the local delicacies called "bitterballen" might have something to do with it.


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Based on the following passage when do schools close and resume after summer holidays in the United States? Schools and universities typically have a summer break to take advantage of the warmer weather and longer days. In almost all countries, children are out of school during this time of year for summer break, although dates vary. Many families will take holidays for a week or two over summer, particularly in Southern Hemisphere Western countries with statutory Christmas and New Year holidays.
In the United States, public schools usually end in late May in Memorial Day weekend, while colleges finish in early May. Public school traditionally resumes near Labor Day, while higher institutions often resume in mid-August.
In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September. In Scotland, the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August. Similarly, in Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, with the exception of when that date falls before Labour Day, in which case, ends on the second Tuesday of the month. In Russia the summer holiday begins at the end of May and ends on 31 August.
In the Southern Hemisphere, school summer holiday dates include the major holidays of Christmas and New Year's Day. School summer holidays in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa begin in early December and end in early February, with dates varying between states. In South Africa, the new school year usually starts during the second week of January, thus aligning the academic year with the Calendar year. In India, school ends in late April and resumes in early or mid-June. In Cameroon and Nigeria, schools usually finish for summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October.


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Give me a bulleted list of ways to get around New York City.

The following is a bulleted list of ways to get around New York City:
- The New York City Subway
- A taxi cab
- Walking
- A rideshare car service such as Uber or Lyft
- A rideshare moped service such as Revel
- New York City's public buses
- New York City's ferry service
- A rideshare bicycle such as Citibike
- Driving your personal vehicle
- Riding your personal bicycle
- Rollerblading or roller-skating
- Taking a pedicab
- Taking a scooter


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is operations a great career

yes


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Tell me which of these activities are exciting and which are relaxing.

- Reading: relaxing
- Riding on a roller coaster: exciting
- Laying in a hammock: relaxing
- Playing paintball: exciting
- Go kart racing: exciting
- Skiing: exciting
- Watching a cooking show: relaxing
- Taking a nap: relaxing


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how to handle loneliness in your life?

The first step of handling loneliness, depression is to observe the triggering patterns and understand the causal effect. Once, we identify the time block, try to compartmentalize your feelings and back thoughts. Fill those time blocks or duration of the day with an useful activity such as engaging in a physical activity, picking up sports, cooking or try radically a new activity and immerse yourself. so that the there are no back thoughts in your mind. Plan your weekend and evenings with activities to switch off. Pick up a hobby which you are interested in. Try to go on a date or meetup to whom you can date through various forums outside of your work or a person radically in a different field.


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What popular wine varietal is produced in Washington?

Washington is well known for its white wine, Riesling, and red wine, Cabernet Sauvignon.


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Where can I go to workout?

There are lots of places to go to workout. You can go for a run in the outdoors. You can go to a gym, such as Planet Fitness, LA Fitness, 24 hour fitness, or Equinox. You can also workout at home, with dumbbells or body weight exercises.


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How many large victories did Nelson have and what were the scores? The 1926–27 season was the 46th season in the history of Nelson Football Club and their sixth campaign as a professional club in the Football League. Nelson ended the season with a record of 22 wins, 7 draws and 13 defeats, helping the team to a total of 51 points. The team started the campaign well—winning six of the first nine matches—and lost only three matches during the first five months of the campaign. In the 1926–27 season, Nelson recorded several large victories, including a 7–0 win over Accrington Stanley and a 7–1 defeat of Crewe Alexandra. Nelson were consistently near the top of the league table throughout the campaign, but were never able to supplant Stoke City from the top position, and a run of six consecutive losses at the end of the season saw them finish in fifth-place in the league.

2 large wins, 7-0 and 7-1


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Classify these as a synthetic or natural fiber

wool, polyester, cotton, silk, nylon, aramid, jute


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Please list several after school activities my 8 year old daughter can participate in.

At eight years old, your daughter has many options for after school activities. She could consider an artistic activity like painting, dance, or music classes. She could also join a sports team. Many children her age enjoy soccer. Try to find an activity she can do with her friends, it will make it more fun for her.


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What are AAC devices used for?

AAC stands for Augmentative and Alternative Communication.  AAC devices provide a way of communication for those with speech impairments.  They can be used by people of all ages.  There are various kind of AAC devices such as symbol cards or high tech mobile apps.


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When is a good time to  buy a car?

The best time to buy a car is typically at the end of the year, specifically December. This is because car dealerships are trying to meet their monthly, quarterly, and yearly quotas, so they are more likely to offer discounts and incentives. You can also find good deals at the end of the model year, when dealerships are clearing out their inventory to make room for the new models. Apart from this there are multiple sales events from dealerships throughout the year, such as during memorial day weekends.


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What kind of species is the Epophthalmia

Epophthalmia a genus of dragonflies in the family Macromiidae.


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Who is Doom Guy? The Doomguy (also spelt Doom Guy, as well as referred to as the Doom Marine, Doom Slayer or just the Slayer in Doom (2016) and Doom Eternal) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Doom video game franchise of first-person shooters created by id Software. He was created by American video game designer John Romero. He was introduced as the player character in the original 1993 video game Doom. Within the Doom series, Doomguy is a demon hunter space marine dressed in green combat armor who rarely speaks onscreen, and his personality and backstory were intentionally vague to reinforce his role as a player avatar. In Doom Eternal, he is voiced by American voice actor Matthew Waterson, while Jason Kelley voices the character in that game's downloadable content The Ancient Gods: Part Two. He has appeared in several other games developed by id Software, including Quake Champions and Quake III Arena.

Doom Guy was created by John Romero as the fictional protagonist of the Doom video game. In the game he is a demon hunter space marine dressed in green combat armor.


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What is nihilism and why do some people believe it? List some ways that philosophers have proposed to fight against nihilism. Explain to me in a casual tone

Nihilism is a belief that life is ultimately meaningless. Sounds pretty depressing right? Well, there are a number of reasons why one might feel this way. Do you ever feel like you are just going through the motions each day? You wake up, go to work, get off work, sleep, and the cycle continues. You chased after a goal, such as graduating college or getting that next promotion, thinking it would solve all your problems, only to be disappointed after finally getting it. Then you look around the universe that you lives in and find how insignificant your individuality is in the grand schemes of things, you can't help but think to yourself: man, is there any point to life? Does what I do actually matter at all, especially if I'm going to die anyways?

If you ever feel this way, know that you are not alone. Many, many philosophers throughout human history have pondered upon this very idea. I'll present a select few philosophers and their proposals to fight against nihilism.

One obvious solution, per Danish philosophers Kierkegaard, is religion. He believes that faith should be our purpose in life, following Him and doing good in this life will reap rewards in the afterlife.

Now, German philosopher Nietzsche does not agree with that at all; in fact his most famous quote was "God is dead and we killed him". He's talking about how with new advances in science comes the death of religion -- each man must now create his own values and become an ubermensch. The idea of ubermensch, however, kind of throws morality out of window — who is to say one’s value is wrong?

Enter Albert Camus and his idea of absurdism. He compares human life to Sisyphus — rolling a giant rock uphill, only for the rock to fall back down after reaching the top — an absurd and meaningless struggle. He suggests that we accept the absurdity of this world and human existence, and instead embrace the present, because “The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy”.

And there you have it, what nihilism is all about, why it happens and a few ways to fight against it. Note that this is a very extensive topic and what I covered here is only the tip of the iceberg, I’d suggest reading up more if you're interested. Hope it helped!


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Tell me three ways to get coconut from a coconut tree

Here are the three ways to get coconut from a coconut tree
1) Using a pole and saw:
Attach a curved saw to end of a very long stick. Make sure the saw does not fall when you pull on the coconut.Stand away from the bottom of the tree at a safe distance and hook the saw on to the stem of the coconut and pull down.

2) Using foot strap to climb:
Make a foot strap out of a cloth or a rope and climb on the coconut tree by gripping the tree with your hand and the knot on your legs. Make sure the loop around your feet is stretched tight against the tree. Once you reach the top of the tree, you can cut a coconut with a knife that you carried on your belt

3) Using a ladder to climb:
This method is useful for shorter coconut trees. Keep the ladder slanting against the coconut tree on a stable ground. Make sure the ladder is stable while you climb. Climb up the ladder and once you can reach the coconut, cut it out with a knife.


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List all the places and countries mentioned in the paragraph in the format [Place] separated by comma. Niagara was a federal electoral district in the Canadian province of Ontario, which was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1883. It is sometimes also considered one of Ontario's historic counties, as it was listed in some post-Confederation census records as a county of residence. Niagara consisted of the Lincoln County townships of Niagara and Grantham, including the towns of Niagara-on-the-Lake and St. Catharines. The electoral district was abolished in 1882 when it was merged into Lincoln and Niagara riding.

[Niagara],[Ontario],[Canada],[Lincoln County],[Grantham],[Niagara-on-the-Lake],[St. Catharines]


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What are the top 7 cities to ride a bicycle?

Based on the Global Bicycle Index, the top 7 cities for riding a bike are:
1. Utrecht, Netherlands
2. Munster, Germany
3. Antwerp, Belgium
4. Copenhagen, Denmark
5. Amsterdam, Netherlands
6. Malmö, Sweden
7. Hangzhou, China


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What is Elzéar Abeille de Perrin known for? Elzéar Emmanuel Arène Abeille de Perrin (3 January 1843, Marseille – 9 October 1910, Marseille) was a French entomologist.

Abeille de Perrin was a lawyer in Marseille. He gave all his free time to entomology and was a member of the Société entomologique de France for twenty years. He was especially interested in the cave species of the Pyrenees. His best known publications are Monographie des malachites (1869), Études sur les coléoptères cavernicoles, suivies de la description de 27 coléoptères nouveaux français (1872), Notes sur les leptodirites (1878), and Synopsis critique et synonymique des chrysides de France (1878).

His collection of Palearctic, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Orthoptera is conserved in Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris.

Elzéar Abeille de Perrin is best known as a French entomologist. He specialized in studying cave species in the Pyrenees. His best known publications are Monographie des malachites (1869), Études sur les coléoptères cavernicoles, suivies de la description de 27 coléoptères nouveaux français (1872), Notes sur les leptodirites (1878), and Synopsis critique et synonymique des chrysides de France (1878).


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What are some fun, safe ways to break a social norm without breaking a law?

Some fun and safe ways to break a social norm without breaking the law could include the following ideas:
- Wear winter clothes on a hot day or wear a bathing suit on a cold day
- Talk to strangers on the elevator
- Pick your nose while talking to someone
- Lick the plate at a restaurant
- Talk to someone in another stall in a public bathroom


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Give me a list of places to go in San Diego, CA with kids

1. San Diego Zoo
2. Sea World
3. Legoland
4. Balboa Park
5. Belmont Park
6. Any of the beaches


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Which is a species of fish? Poacher or Hunter

Poacher


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What are the top 4 healthier sodas that I should buy?

If you're looking for a healthier alternative to traditional soda, try the following:
1. La Croix
2. Zevia Soda
3. Olipop
4. Poppi


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When was IGFBP3 first characterized? Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, also known as IGFBP-3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP3 gene. IGFBP-3 is one of six IGF binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6) that have highly conserved structures and bind the insulin-like growth factors IGF-1 and IGF-2 with high affinity. IGFBP-7, sometimes included in this family, shares neither the conserved structural features nor the high IGF affinity. Instead, IGFBP-7 binds IGF1R, which blocks IGF-1 and IGF-2 binding, resulting in apoptosis.

Function
IGFBP-3 was first isolated, characterized, and quantitated in human plasma, in 1986. It has well-documented functions in the circulation, in the extracellular environment, and inside cells. It is the main IGF transport protein in the bloodstream, where it carries the growth factors predominantly in stable complexes that contain the binding protein, either IGF-1 or IGF-2, and a third protein called the acid-labile subunit or ALS.

The Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 or IGFBP-3 was first isolated, characterized, and quantitated in human plasma, in 1986.


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Write an introductory email to a student I will be academically coaching through Services for Students with Disabilities office (SSD).

Hi Naomi,

My name is Chandler, and I am your Academic Coach through the Services for Students with Disabilities office (SSD).

I am looking forward to working with you during this time in your academic journey! As your academic coach, my role is to partner with you as we focus on your process of learning.

During our time together we will examine your:
learning experience
habits of working
current difficulties or barriers to success

While examining these areas we will work together to:
Develop individualized learning strategies and study habits
Navigate campus resources
Promote self-advocacy

We will also focus on building and sustaining Executive Functioning skills such as:
Time Management
Organization
Self-regulation
Self-efficacy

I look forward to hearing back from you.


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What is the essence of utilitarianism? Utilitarianism is a consequentialist approach to normative ethics that holds morally right actions are those that promote the most human happiness. Jeremy Bentham, who created his version of the theory in 1829, and John Stuart Mill who made his in 1861 are considered the founders of utilitarianism, though the basic concept predates either of the two philosophers. Utilitarianism remains as one of the more appealing and compelling approaches to normative ethics.

Utilitarianism evaluates any action in terms of the amount of human happiness delivered as the result of the action.


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Where were the 13th South Asian Games held?

They were held in 3 cities of Nepal-Kathmandu, Pokhara & Janakpur


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What is the fastest air-breathing manned aircraft? As of 2023 the SR-71 holds the world record it set in 1976 as the fastest air-breathing manned aircraft.

As of 2023 the SR-71 is the fastest air-breathing manned aircraft. It can reach a maximum speed of Mach 3.3


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Why do people travel to different places.

People may travel to just explore the world, see touristic highlights and experience different cultures. For example there are many tourists visiting my home town Cologne to visit the famous cathedral, ancient roman, and medieval remains and the famous romanic churches. Tasting the local beer in the old town is also a famous attraction.


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Is the USS Rachel Seaman made of metal? USS Rachel Seaman was a wooden schooner purchased by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.

No, it is made of wood.


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What is the best stock to buy right now?

It is very difficult to choose a specific stock to buy at the moment. "Picking" stocks that can outperform the market requires careful analysis of company's financials, macroeconomic environment and industry trends. There are people dedicated full time to find the best stocks, but for those that are not interested in doing the necessary research, it is best to buy ETFs or indexes that invest in multiple companies therefore minimizing the overall risk of the investment.


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Can any piece promote to a queen? When a pawn advances to its eighth rank, as part of the move, it is promoted and must be exchanged for the player's choice of queen, rook, bishop, or knight of the same color. Usually, the pawn is chosen to be promoted to a queen, but in some cases, another piece is chosen; this is called underpromotion. In the animated diagram, the pawn on c7 can be advanced to the eighth rank and be promoted. There is no restriction on the piece promoted to, so it is possible to have more pieces of the same type than at the start of the game (e.g., two or more queens). If the required piece is not available (e.g. a second queen) an inverted rook is sometimes used as a substitute, but this is not recognized in FIDE-sanctioned games.

No.
In chess, only the pawn is eligible to promote once it reaches the eighth rank on the board.


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Given a reference text about the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, how many Super Bowls have they won. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers are a professional American football team based in Tampa, Florida. The Buccaneers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) South division. The club joined the NFL in 1976 as an expansion team, along with the Seattle Seahawks, and played its first season in the American Football Conference (AFC) West division. Prior to the 1977 season, Tampa Bay switched conferences and divisions with Seattle, becoming a member of the NFC Central division. As a result of the league's realignment prior to the 2002 season, the Buccaneers joined three former NFC West teams to form the NFC South. The club is owned by the Glazer family and plays its home games at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa.

The Buccaneers have won two Super Bowl championships and, along with the Baltimore Ravens, are the only two NFL franchises who are undefeated in multiple Super Bowl appearances. They were regarded as a perennial losing franchise for most of their first two decades due to suffering 26 consecutive losses in their first two seasons (including a winless inaugural season) and 14 consecutive losing seasons from 1983 to 1996. Despite these early struggles, Tampa Bay is the first post-merger expansion team to clinch a division title, win a playoff game, and host a conference championship; feats they accomplished by their fourth season in 1979. The team's image improved by the time of their first championship in 2002, also the first for a franchise built after the merger, but they would not win another playoff game until their second Super Bowl championship season in 2020. Concurrent to the lack of success outside of their Super Bowl wins, the Buccaneers hold the NFL's lowest winning percentage at .404.

The Buccaneers have won two Super Bowl championships.


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Tell me which of these are titles from William Gibson: The Peripheral, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, Foundation, Neuromancer, Mona Lisa Overdrive, Count Zero, Pattern Recognition, The Last Question, Jennifer Government

The Peripheral, Neuromancer, Mona Lisa Overdrive, Count Zero, Pattern Recognition


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What is American Red Cross The American Red Cross (ARC), also known as the American National Red Cross, is a non-profit humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and disaster preparedness education in the United States. It is the designated US affiliate of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and the United States movement to the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

The American Red Cross is a non profit humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and disaster preparedness education in the United States


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What is microeconomics?

Microeconimics is concerned with decision-making by individual economic agents such as firms and consumers.


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Extract and list the names of characters a player can control in The Last of Us mentioned in the paragraph. Also describe relationships between those characters. The Last of Us is an action-adventure game played from a third-person perspective. The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, hand-to-hand combat, and stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated strain of the Cordyceps fungus. For most of the game, the player takes control of Joel, a man tasked with escorting a young girl, Ellie, across the United States. The player also controls Ellie throughout the game's winter segment and briefly controls Joel's daughter, Sarah, in the opening sequence.

Joel: The man who is controlled by the player most of the game.
Ellie: A young girl who is being escorted by Joel across a post-apocalyptic United States.
Sarah: Joel's daughter.


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Should high school students be allowed to drink coffee?

Coffee contains caffeine that helps boost energy levels in human bodies and there is no clear evidence showing that drinking moderate amounts of coffee would harm human productivity or health. For high school students to not doze off at classes, it could be a good idea to permit a limited amount of coffee intake.


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What is a mitochondrion?

A mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. They were discovered by Albert von Kölliker in 1857  in the voluntary muscles of insects. The term mitochondrion was coined by Carl Benda in 1898. The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell", a phrase coined by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 article of the same name.

Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells). A large number of unicellular organisms, such as microsporidia, parabasalids and diplomonads, have reduced or transformed their mitochondria into other structures. One eukaryote, Monocercomonoides, is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, and one multicellular organism, Henneguya salminicola, is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome.

Mitochondria are commonly between 0.75 and 3 μm2 in cross section, but vary considerably in size and structure. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondrial biogenesis is in turn temporally coordinated with these cellular processes. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human disorders and conditions, such as mitochondrial diseases, cardiac dysfunction, heart failure and autism.

The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. A mature red blood cell has no mitochondria, whereas a liver cell can have more than 2000. The mitochondrion is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane, cristae, and matrix.

Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy.


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Classify each word as a noun, verb, or adjective: playground, eating, skinny, chubby, tall, sleeping, bed

Playground: Noun
Eating: Verb
Skinny: Adjective
Chubby: Adjective
Tall: Adjective
Sleeping: Verb
Bed: Noun


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Extract what model originated the first practical definition of a digital twin as well as the name of the organization and the year of creation separated by dashes A digital twin is a digital representation of an intended or actual real-world physical product, system, or process (a physical twin) that serves as the effectively indistinguishable digital counterpart of it for practical purposes, such as simulation, integration, testing, monitoring, and maintenance. The digital twin has been intended from its initial introduction to be the underlying premise for Product Lifecycle Management and exists throughout the entire lifecycle (create, build, operate/support, and dispose) of the physical entity it represents. Since information is granular, the digital twin representation is determined by the value-based use cases it is created to implement. The digital twin can and does often exist before there is a physical entity. The use of a digital twin in the create phase allows the intended entity's entire lifecycle to be modeled and simulated. A digital twin of an existing entity can, but must not necessarily, be used in real time and regularly synchronized with the corresponding physical system.Though the concept originated earlier, the first practical definition of a digital twin originated from NASA in an attempt to improve physical-model simulation of spacecraft in 2010. Digital twins are the result of continual improvement in the creation of product design and engineering activities. Product drawings and engineering specifications have progressed from handmade drafting to computer-aided drafting/computer-aided design to model-based systems engineering and strict link to signal from the physical counterpart.

physical-model simulation of a spacecraft - NASA - 2010


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What are five cities in the state of North Carolina?

Five cities in North Carolina are Charlotte, Raleigh, Boone, Durham, and Asheville.


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How did Frank Stagg die? Upon conviction, Stagg was given a ten-year sentence and Fell twelve years. (Stagg would later die on a hunger strike.) Thomas Gerald Rush was given seven years and Anthony Roland Lynch, who was also found guilty of possessing articles with intent to destroy property, namely nitric acid, balloons, wax, and sodium chlorate, was given ten years. Fell never admitted IRA membership

Frank Stagg was sentenced to ten years and prison. During his sentence, he went on a hunger strike and died as a result.


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Based on the reference text, which album helped Taylor Swift shift from a country star to more of a pop star? Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Her genre-spanning discography, songwriting and artistic reinventions have received critical praise and wide media coverage. Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville at age 14 to become a country artist. She signed a songwriting deal with Sony/ATV Music Publishing in 2004 and a recording contract with Big Machine Records in 2005. Her 2006 self-titled debut album made her the first female country artist (singer) to write a U.S. platinum-certified album.

Swift's next albums, Fearless (2008) and Speak Now (2010), explored country pop. The former's "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me" were the first country songs to top the U.S. pop and all-genre airplay charts, respectively. She experimented with rock and electronic styles on Red (2012), which featured her first Billboard Hot 100 number-one song, "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together", and eschewed her country image in her synth-pop album, 1989 (2014), supported by chart-topping songs "Shake It Off", "Blank Space", and "Bad Blood". Media scrutiny inspired the urban-flavored Reputation (2017) and its number-one single "Look What You Made Me Do".

Taylor Swift's 1989 album was her first pop album, helping change her image from a country star.


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Which artist's entire 1985 Live Aid set consisted of just a single cover song?

Elvis Costello.


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What’s your favorite color?

That is entirely up to the person. Some people like blue some people like red some people like green a very popular color is blue.


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Extract the family that Eudaronia is part of from the text. Eudaronia is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Eudaroniidae within the superfamily Seguenzioidea.

Eudaroniidae


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Explain Cricket game

Cricket is mainly played between 2 teams and each team contains 11 players, distance between wickets is about 22 yards, Cricket has 3 different formats One International, T20 format and Test match which is longer format around 5 days, T20 is shorter format of game which has 20 overs to play each side, an Over means 6 deliveries bowled by a bowler, a batter from other team try to defend the bowler, 2nd batting team should be able to chase whatever scored by first batting team to win the game other wise second bowling team wins. If the batter hit the ball and reaches out of boundary line then its considered as six runs, if it crosses boundary line by the ground then it is considered as four, batters allowed to run between the wickets to score singles and doubles, total 11 batters can bat until they get all out, bowler can get out batters in different ways, if he misses the bat and touches the stumps then its called bowled, if fielders take catch with in boundary line then its called catch out, if batter try to take runs in between wickets and fielding team throws the ball at wickets before batter reaches popping crease then its called run out some what similar to baseball, Cricket is second popular sport in the world after soccer, India, England, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand are poplar teams, Virat Kohli is the biggest cricket of current generation. One Day International World cup happens every 4 years most of the times won  by Australia, T20 World Cup happens in every 2 years.


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What are important elements to consider when putting together a team to execute your operating model for AI?

When building the right team to execute on your operating model for AI it is key to take into account the following elements:

1) How mature is my data foundation: Whether your data is still in silos, stuck in proprietary formats or difficult to access in a unified way will have big implications on the amount of data engineering work and data platform expertise that is required.

2) Infrastructure and platform administration: Whether you need to maintain or leverage as a service offerings can have a huge impact on your overall team composition. Moreover, if your Data and AI platform is made up of multiple services and components the administrative burden of governing and securing data and users and keeping all parts working together can be overwhelming especially at enterprise scale.

3) MLOps: To make the most of AI you need to be able to use it to impact your business. Hiring a full data science team without having the right ML engineering expertise or the right tools to package, test, deploy and monitor is extremely wasteful. There are several steps that go into running effective end-to-end AI applications and your operating model should reflect that in the roles that are involved and in the way model lifecycle management is executed from use case identification, to development to deployment, and perhaps most importantly utilisation.

These three dimensions should inform your focus and the roles that should be part of your development team. Over time, the prevalence of certain roles might shift as your organisation matures along these dimensions and on the platform decisions that you make.


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From this passage tell me why Panama Canal is called one of the seven wonders of the modern world The Panama Canal is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduces the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan.

Colombia, France, and later the United States controlled the territory surrounding the canal during construction. France began work on the canal in 1881, but stopped because of lack of investors' confidence due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project on May 4, 1904, and opened the canal on August 15, 1914. The US continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for its handover to Panama. After a period of joint American–Panamanian control, the canal was taken over by the Panamanian government in 1999. It is now managed and operated by the government-owned Panama Canal Authority.

Canal locks at each end lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake 26 meters (85 ft) above sea level, created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, and then lower the ships at the other end. The original locks are 33.5 meters (110 ft) wide. A third, wider lane of locks was constructed between September 2007 and May 2016. The expanded waterway began commercial operation on June 26, 2016. The new locks allow transit of larger, New Panamax ships.

Annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships in 1914, when the canal opened, to 14,702 vessels in 2008, for a total of 333.7 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons. By 2012, more than 815,000 vessels had passed through the canal. In 2017 it took ships an average of 11.38 hours to pass between the canal's two locks. The American Society of Civil Engineers has ranked the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world.

The American Society of Civil Engineers has ranked the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world not only because it was one of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, but also because of its significant impact in maritime trade across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans near the Americas. It is a shortcut which greatly reduces the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan.


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Why am I so tired?

If you're frequently tired without obvious reasons, such as lack of sleep, you should consult a doctor. If you suffer from regular sleep deprivation, you should also consult a doctor.


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How would you describe the differences between Indian and Western music, especially as it relates to the sense of pitch?

Indian and Western music differ considerably in terms of pitch because Western music adheres to the concept of absolute pitch, while Indian music predominantly focuses on relative pitch. Absolute pitch means that a note is represented as an absolute frequency, so if someone says "A2", that pitch can be mapped back to an exact frequency, and therefore can be reconciled among many different styles of music and instrumentation.

In contrast, much of Indian music (both classical and non-classical) uses the concept of relative pitch, which means that the musician sets a tonic note (their base note) and that pitch is the starting point for all other notes. For example, if one musician were to say that a specific pitch were "sa" (one of the 7 notes in the Indian music scale), another musician would not be able to reproduce that note, since they wouldn't know where the first musician set their tonic. However, this has other advantages,  because a tune is defined in terms of relative pitch and can be reproduced easily among different musicians and instruments without the worry of an absolute frequency which cannot be reached by a specific musical range.


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Who were King Aenys I Targaryen's children?

Aegon, Viserys, Jaehaerys, Rhaena, Alysanne, Vaella


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How do airplanes land?

The pilot reduces engine power which lowers thrust. This reduces the lift and the plane descends.


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Give me a list of benefits of swimming

Swimming has many benefits that help promote both mental and physical wellness. Mentally, swimming is great for clearing your mind and actually has been proven to release  endorphins throughout your body, providing a refreshing and happy feeling post a workout. Physically, swimming is an excellent way to gain cardio fitness, while also building strength and flexibility at any age.


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Given a reference text about Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark, when was the position created and was was it named? Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark (Danish: Minister for Fødevarer, Landbrug og Fiskeri) is the politically appointed head of the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and a member of the Cabinet. Since 19 November 2020, Rasmus Prehn, from the social democratic party Socialdemokratiet, has served as Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries in the Mette Frederiksen I cabinet.

The ministry and the minister post was created in 1896; the ministry was originally named the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1929 the Directorate of Fishing was spun off into the separate Ministry of Shipping and Fishing, but that ministry was reabsorbed in 1935, and the name changed to Ministry of Agriculture and Fishing. In 1947 the Ministry of Fishing was created again, and the name changed to the Ministry of Agriculture, and this time it lasted until 1994 where it was again folded into the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishing. On 30 December 1996 the name of the ministry was changed to the current Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, often just called the Ministry of Food.

The Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark position was created in 1896 and was originally named the Ministry of Agriculture.


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What is hybrid working?

Hybrid working is a term used for when you split your work time between an office building and from other locations, usually home. It became more widely used during the COVID19 pandemic when talking about where, when and how people work. Other names for Hybrid Working are Activity Based Working or Agile Working. Agile working is not to be confused with Agile project management which has different principles.


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Which of the following movies is not from the Harry Potter Franchise?
-  Order of the Phoenix.
- Goblet of Fire.
- Sorcerer's Stone.
- Chamber of Secrets.
- The Fellowship of the rings.

"The Fellowship of the rings" is not part of the Harry Potter Franchise, it is in-fact a part of the Lord of the Rings Franchise. The canonical Harry Potter movies in chronological order are:
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.
- Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets.
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1.
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2.


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What has the IETF ALTO working group accomplished? Starting around 2005, the widespread use of peer-to-peer applications such as BitTorrent was a serious concern to many network operators, as the massive amounts of network traffic caused by these applications had a significant impact on traffic engineering and revenues. Some network operators tried to throttle this traffic.

In May 2008, in an IETF Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Infrastructure, several areas of work were identified:

1. A standardized interface for the exchange of information between the underlying IP network and an overlay network, such as a peer-to-peer network. The basic idea is, that if the overlay network was aware of the topology and the cost for sending traffic through the underlying IP network, it could optimize decisions with respect to the overlay network's topology (e.g., peer selection) and routing of traffic through the overlay network. The result would be better performance or Quality of Experience in the application while reducing the utilization of the underlying network infrastructure. This work item led to the establishment of the IETF ALTO working group.
2. Content caches in the network. This has been studied in the IETF DECADE working group. However, no new protocol has been developed and standardized.
3. A new congestion control mechanism in the transport layer for background traffic, which "yields" to standard TCP. This was worked on in the IETF LEDBAT working group and has been standardized in RFC 6817.
4. A new DiffServ code point to mark IP packets to have a lower priority than the default "best effort" category has been standardized in RFC 8622.

The IETF ALTO working group was established in November 2008. The first deliverables were the problem statement, the requirements document, the specification of the core ALTO protocol and an ALTO server discovery mechanism. Since then, various extensions have been specified (see below) or are still work in progress (see IETF ALTO Datatracker).

Originally designed to support peer-to-peer file sharing, the concept is broadly applicable to many network problems. However, as of 2021 it has not achieved widespread deployment in the internet. Nevertheless, there have been experiments in Internet service provider (ISP) networks and a deployment to support large data transfers for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.

The IETF ALTO working group was formed to solve the problems caused by the widespread use of peer-to-peer applications such as BitTorrent. The working group has provided a problem statement, requirements document, and the specifications of the core ALTO protocol and ALTO server discovery mechanism. There is still no widespread adoption of the ALTO protocol as of 2021 although some Internet service provider (ISP) networks have experimented with it, and CERN has deployed it to support large data transfers for the Large Hadron Collider.


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What is a calendar?

A calendar is an arrangement of a depiction of time defined by humans.  It is a collection of multiple days that makes up a month with multiple months representing a year of time.  Each day of the week on a calendar is assigned a word to represent the day - Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday.  A calendar is used for planning scheduled events in the future, remembering birthdays, and other important dates like tests in school.  A calendar can also be broken down into seasonal months that represent the months that match the weather during any particular time of the year.


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Who invented Boltzmann Machines?

Boltzmann machines were invented in 1985 by Geoffrey Hinton and Terrence Sejnowski.