A system and method for predicting, proposing and/or evaluating suitable medication dosing regimens for a specific individual as a function of individual-specific characteristics and observed responses of the specific individual. Mathematical models of observed patient responses are used in determining an initial dose. The system and method use the patient's observed response to the initial dose to refine the model for use to forecast expected responses to proposed dosing regimens more accurately for a specific patient. More specifically, the system and method uses Bayesian averaging, Bayesian updating and Bayesian forecasting techniques to develop patient-specific dosing regimens as a function of not only generic mathematical models and patient-specific characteristics accounted for in the models as covariate patient factors, but also observed patient-specific responses that are not accounted for within the models themselves, and that reflect variability that distinguishes the specific patient from the typical patient reflected by the model.
Please help me write a proper abstract based on the patent claims. CLAIM: 1-51. (canceled) 52. A pharmaceutical formulation for administration to a subject patient in a dosing regimen, comprising An active ingredient in a first modified dose having a per-unit quantity, wherein the first modified dose is determined by a Bayesian model analysis that incorporates an initial dose comprising an initial per-unit quantity of the active ingredient, and a first plurality of characteristics associated specifically with the subject patient and the initial dose. 53. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 52, wherein the Bayesian model analysis includes a Bayesian model averaging analysis based on at least two models for the active ingredient. 54. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 53, wherein the initial dose is a per-unit quantity of the active ingredient administered to the patient in an initial dosing regimen prior to administration of the first modified dose. 55. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 54, wherein the first plurality of characteristics includes a response of the subject patient to the initial dosing regimen. 56. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 55, wherein the response includes a physiological measurement or assessment of the subject patient made after administration of the initial dosing regimen. 57. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 56, wherein the response is measureable. 58. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 57 wherein the measurement or assessment includes a lab result associated with the patient. 59. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 58, wherein the measurement or assessment includes determining a concentration of the active ingredient in a sample taken from the subject patient. 60. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 59, wherein the measurement or assessment further includes at least one of weight, gender, race, prior therapy, and disease stage or severity. 61. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 59, wherein the active ingredient is Infliximab. 62. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 61, wherein at least one of the first plurality of characteristics includes a trough concentration of Infliximab, and wherein the trough concentration is below a target level concentration. 63. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 61, wherein the first modified dose has at least one of a different per unit quantity, different delivery interval, and different input duration than the initial dose. 64. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 61, wherein the first modified dose has a longer input duration than the initial dose. 65. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 64, wherein the first modified dose is lower in per-unit quantity than the initial dose. 66. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 64, wherein the first modified dose has a shorter delivery interval than the initial dose. 67. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 64, wherein the first modified dose has a lower per-unit quantity than the initial dose and a shorter delivery interval than the initial dose. 68. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 64, wherein the first modified dose has a higher per-unit quantity than the initial dose and a shorter delivery interval than the initial dose. 69. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 64, wherein total administered dose over duration of treatment is lower for the first modified dose than for the initial dose. 70. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 64, wherein total administered dose over duration of treatment is substantially the same for the first modified dose and the initial dose, but the first modified dose has at least one of a different delivery interval than the initial dose and a different input duration than the initial dose. 71. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 56, comprising the active ingredient in a second modified dose having a second per unit quantity, the second modified dose being determined by a Bayesian model averaging analysis that incorporates the initial dose, the first plurality of characteristics, the first modified dose, and a second plurality of characteristics of the subject patient that are measured or assessed after administration of the first modified dose. 72. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 71, wherein the second plurality of physical characteristics include concentration of a component in a sample taken from blood of the subject patient after receipt of the first modified dose. 73. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 72, wherein the active ingredient is Infliximab. 74. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 73, wherein the first dose is determined based on a composite model that incorporates an observed second response and an expected second response by the subject patient to the initial dose. 75. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 74, wherein the composite model is applied in a Bayesian update analysis that incorporates the observed second response. 76. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 56, wherein the first dose is determined based on a composite model that incorporates observed responses and an expected response by the subject patient to the initial dose. 77. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 76, wherein the composite model is applied in a Bayesian update analysis that incorporates at least one observed response. 78. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 56, wherein the first dose is determined based on a Bayesian model average, Bayesian update and Bayesian forecast. 79. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 56, wherein the first modified dose is selected from a forecast of responses by the subject patient to each of a plurality of proposed doses for the active ingredient.