The present disclosure concerns a computer-implemented method for selecting an alternative, from a discrete set of alternatives, that is preferable with respect to one or more objectives, comprising: determining a Lagrangian function of the alternatives and one or more parameters; selecting an initial alternative from the set; determining values for the parameters; and selecting, via one or more iterations, an alternative from the set that reduces the Lagrangian subject to the determined parameter values. Further procedures can include determining at least two alternatives, wherein selecting a first alternative results in preference for a second alternative; dividing the set, including the first and second alternatives, into two disjoint subsets; maintaining branches for each subset while eliminating unfeasible branches; and selecting the alternative corresponding to a branch that reaches an optimal value or remains after eliminating all other branches. Other embodiments include devices and computer-readable media configurable to perform such procedures.
Please help me write a proper abstract based on the patent claims. CLAIM: 1. A computer-implemented method for selecting a particular alternative, from among a discrete set of alternatives, that is preferable with respect to one or more objectives, comprising: determining a Lagrangian function of the alternatives and at least one parameter; selecting an initial alternative from among the discrete set; determining values for the at least one parameter; and selecting, via one or more iterations, the particular alternative in the discrete set that reduces the Lagrangian function subject to the determined values for the at least one parameter. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein: the one or more objectives comprise an additive function of individual objectives; the Lagrangian function further comprises one or more constraints on the selection of a particular alternative; and each of the one or more constraints comprise one or more additive functions of individual constraints. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular alternative further comprises: determining at least two alternatives for which selection of a first of the at least two alternatives results in a preference for a second of the at least two alternatives; dividing the discrete set into a plurality of disjoint sets of approximately equal size, including a first set comprising the first of the at least two alternatives and a second set comprising the second of the at least two alternatives; maintaining solution branches for each of the plurality of sets during the one or more iterations, comprising eliminating solution branches that are determined to be unfeasible; and selecting the alternative corresponding to a solution branch that reaches an optimal value or to a solution branch that remains after all other solution branches have been eliminated. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the particular alternative in the discrete set that minimizes the Lagrangian function subject to the determined values for the at least one parameter. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the initial alternative is selected arbitrarily. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the discrete set of alternatives comprises at least one of an operation space of a system or a process and a design space of a system or a process. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the system or process relates to at least one of manufacturing, transportation, and communications. 8. A device for selecting a particular alternative of a discrete set of alternatives that is preferable with respect to one or more objectives, comprising: at least one processor; a non-transitory, computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to: determine a Lagrangian function of the alternatives and at least one parameter; select an initial alternative from among the discrete set; determine values for the at least one parameter; and select, via one or more iterations, the particular alternative in the discrete set that reduces the Lagrangian function subject to the determined values for the at least one parameter. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein: the one or more objectives comprise an additive function of individual objectives; the Lagrangian function further comprises one or more constraints on the selection of a particular alternative; and each of the one or more constraints comprise one or more additive functions of individual constraints. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to select the particular alternative further comprise instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to: determine at least two alternatives for which selection of a first of the at least two alternatives results in a preference for a second of the at least two alternatives; divide the discrete set into a plurality of disjoint sets of approximately equal size, including a first set comprising the first of the at least two alternatives and a second set comprising the second of the at least two alternatives; maintain solution branches for each of the plurality of sets during the one or more iterations, comprising eliminating solution branches that are determined to be unfeasible; and select the alternative corresponding to a solution branch that reaches an optimal value or to a solution branch that remains after all other solution branches have been eliminated. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to select the particular alternative further comprise instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to select the particular alternative that minimizes the Lagrangian function subject to the determined values for the at least one parameter. 12. The device of claim 8, wherein the computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to select the initial alternative further comprise instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the device to select the initial alternative arbitrarily. 13. The device of claim 8, wherein the discrete set of alternatives comprises at least one of an operation space of a system or a process and a design space of a system or a process. 14. The device of claim 13, wherein the system or process relates to at least one of manufacturing, transportation, and communications. 15. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium for selecting a particular alternative from a discrete set of alternatives that is preferable with respect to one or more objectives, the medium comprising computer-executable instructions that when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: determine a Lagrangian function of the alternatives and at least one parameter; select an initial alternative from among the discrete set; determine values for the at least one parameter; and select, via one or more iterations, the alternative in the discrete set that reduces the Lagrangian function subject to the determined values for the at least one parameter. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein: the one or more objectives comprise an additive function of individual objectives; the Lagrangian function further comprises one or more constraints on the selection of a particular alternative; and each of the one or more constraints comprise one or more additive functions of individual constraints. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to select the particular alternative further comprise instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: determine at least two alternatives for which selection of a first of the at least two alternatives results in a preference for a second of the at least two alternatives; divide the discrete set into a plurality of disjoint sets of approximately equal size, including a first set comprising the first of the at least two alternatives and a second set comprising the second of the at least two alternatives; maintain solution branches for each of the plurality of sets during the one or more iterations, comprising eliminating solution branches that are determined to be unfeasible; and select the alternative corresponding to a solution branch that reaches an optimal value or to a solution branch that remains after all other solution branches have been eliminated. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to select the particular alternative further comprise instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to select the particular alternative that minimizes the Lagrangian function subject to the determined values for the at least one parameter. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to select the initial alternative further comprise instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to select the initial alternative arbitrarily. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the discrete set of alternatives comprises at least one of an operation space of a system or a process and a design space of a system or a process. 21. The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 20, wherein the system or process relates to at least one of manufacturing, transportation, and communications.