NASA’s Perseverance Collects First Mars Sample of New Science Campaign
The rover continues its hunt for rocks worthy of bringing to Earth for further study.
NASA’s Perseverance rover cored and stored the first sample of the mission’s newest science campaign on Thursday, March 30. With each campaign, the team explores and studies a new area. On this one, the rover is exploring the top of Jezero Crater’s delta. Perseverance has collected a total of 19 samples and threewitness tubes, and it recently deposited10 tubes as a backup cacheon the Martian surface as part of the NASA-ESA (European Space Agency)Mars Sample Return campaign.Scientists want to study Martian samples with powerful lab equipment on Earth to search forsigns of ancient microbial lifeand to better understand the water cycle that has shaped the surface and interior of Mars.This animation shows NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover collecting a rock sample from an outcrop the science team calls “Berea” using a coring bit on the end of its robotic arm. The images were taken by one of the rover’s front hazard cameras.Credit: NASA/JPL-CaltechCored from a rock the science team calls “Berea,” this latest sample is the 16th cored rock sample of the mission (there are also samples of regolith – or broken rock and dust – as well as Mars atmosphere;read more about the samples). The science team believes Berea formed from rock deposits that were carried downstream by an ancient river to this location. That would mean the material could have come from an area well beyond the confines of Jezero Crater, and it’s one reason why the team finds the rock so promising.What’s the weather on Mars? See Perseverance’s daily report“The second reason is that the rock is rich in carbonate,” said Katie Stack Morgan, deputy project scientist for Perseverance at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. “Carbonate rocks on Earth can be good at preserving fossilized lifeforms. If biosignatures were present in this part of Jezero Crater, it could be a rock like this one that could very well hold their secrets.”A Climate PuzzleOne big puzzle is how Mars’ climate worked back when this area was covered with liquid water. Because carbonates form due to chemical interactions in liquid water, they can provide scientists a long-term record of changes in the planet’s climate. By studying the carbonate in the Berea sample, the science team could help fill in the gaps.“The Berea core highlights the beauty of rover missions,” said Perseverance’s project scientist, Ken Farley of Caltech in Pasadena. “Perseverance’s mobility has allowed us to collectigneous samplesfrom the relatively flat crater floor during the first campaign, and then travel to thebase of the crater’s delta, where we found fine-grainedsedimentary rocksdeposited in a dried lakebed. Now we are sampling from a geologic location where we find coarse-grained sedimentary rocks deposited in a river. With this diversity of environments to observe and collect from, we are confident that these samples will allow us to better understand what occurred here at Jezero Crater billions of years ago.”This image shows the rock core from “Berea” inside inside the drill of NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover. Each core the rover takes is about the size of a piece of classroom chalk: 0.5 inches (13 millimeters) in diameter and 2.4 inches (60 millimeters) long.Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSSFull Image DetailsWith this latest sample stored safely in a sample tube in the rover’s belly, the six-wheeler will continue to climb Jezero’ssedimentary fantoward the next bend in the dry riverbed, a location the science team is calling “Castell Henllys.”More About the MissionA key objective for Perseverance’s mission on Mars isastrobiology, including caching samples that may contain signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet’s geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith.Get the Latest JPL NewsSUBSCRIBE TO THE NEWSLETTERSubsequent NASA missions, in cooperation with ESA, would send spacecraft to Mars to collect these sealed samples from the surface and return them to Earth for in-depth analysis.The Mars 2020 Perseverance mission is part of NASA’s Moon to Mars exploration approach, which includesArtemismissions to the Moon that will help prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet.JPL, which is managed for NASA by Caltech, built and manages operations of the Perseverance rover.More highlights of Perseverance’s first two years on Mars:https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/highlights/For more about Perseverance:https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/