So call on no other god but God, lest you are condemned to torment;
Therefore do not worship another deity along with Allah, for you will be punished.
So call thou not upon another god with God, lest thou shouldst be one of those that are chastised.
Hence, [O man,] do not invoke any other deity side by side with God, lest thou find thyself among those who are made to suffer [on Judgment Day].
So call not thou unto anot her god along with Allah, lest thou be of the doomed.
So invoke not with Allah another ilah (god) lest you be among those who receive punishment.
So do not pray to another god with God, else you will be of those tormented.
So do not call any other god beside Allah lest you become of those who will be punished,
So, invoke not with Allah another god lest you should be among those who receive punishment.
Therefor invoke not with Allah another god, lest thou be one of the doomed.
So do not invoke any god besides Allah, lest you should be among the punished.
So do not call upon another god with Allah, lest you should be one of those who are punished.
So do not invoke with Allah another deity and [thus] be among the punished.
(Muhammad), do not worship anything besides God lest you suffer the punishment.
So call not upon another god with Allah, lest you be of those who are punished.
Fal<u>a</u> tadAAu maAAa All<u>a</u>hi il<u>a</u>han <u>a</u>khara fatakoona mina almuAAa<u>thth</u>abeen<b>a</b>
So do not call on any deity besides God, lest you incur His punishment.
So call not on any other god with Allah, or thou wilt be among those under the Penalty.
فَلَا تَدْعُ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا ءَاخَرَ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلْمُعَذَّبِينَ
So do not worship any deity with Allah and ascribe it to Him. Otherwise, you will be one of those who shall be punished.
So do not worship any deity with Allah and ascribe it to Him. Otherwise, you will be one of those who shall be punished.
<h2 class="title">The Command to warn His Tribe of near Kindred</h2><p>Here Allah commands (His Prophet ) to worship Him alone, with no partner or associate, and tells him that whoever associates others in worship with Him, He will punish them. Then Allah commands His Messenger to warn his tribe of near kindred, i.e., those who were most closely related to him, and to tell them that nothing could save any of them except for faith in Allah. Allah also commanded him to be kind and gentle with the believing servants of Allah who followed him, and to disown those who disobeyed him, no matter who they were. Allah said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">فَإِنْ عَصَوْكَ فَقُلْ إِنِّى بَرِىءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ </div><p>(Then if they disobey you, say: "I am innocent of what you do.") This specific warning does not contradict the general warning; indeed it is a part of it, as Allah says elsewhere:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">لِتُنذِرَ قَوْماً مَّآ أُنذِرَ ءَابَآؤُهُمْ فَهُمْ غَـفِلُونَ </div><p>(In order that you may warn a people whose forefathers were not warned, so they are heedless.) (36:6),</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَى وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا</div><p>(that you may warn the Mother of the Towns and all around it) (42:7),</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَأَنذِرْ بِهِ الَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ أَن يُحْشَرُواْ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ</div><p>(And warn therewith those who fear that they will be gathered before their Lord) (6:51),</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">لِتُبَشِّرَ بِهِ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَتُنْذِرَ بِهِ قَوْماً لُّدّاً</div><p>(that you may give glad tidings to those who have Taqwa, and warn with it the most quarrelsome people.) (19:97),</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ</div><p>(that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach) (6:19), and</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ</div><p>(but those of the sects that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place) (11:17). According to Sahih Muslim, the Prophet said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَا يَسْمَعُ بِي أَحَدٌ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ يَهُودِيٌّ وَلَا نَصْرَانِيٌّ، ثُمَّ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِي إِلَّا دَخَلَ النَّار»</div><p>(By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, no one from these nations -- Jewish or Christian -- hears of me then does not believe in me, but he will enter Hell.) Many Hadiths have been narrated concerning the revelation of this Ayah, some of which we will quote below: Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, recorded that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "When Allah revealed the Ayah,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ </div><p>(And warn your tribe of near kindred.), the Prophet went to As-Safa', climbed up and called out,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«يَا صَبَاحَاه»</div><p>(O people!) The people gathered around him, some coming of their own accord and others sending people on their behalf to find out what was happening. The Messenger of Allah said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«يَا بَنِي عَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِ، يَا بَنِي فِهْرٍ، يَااَبنِي لُؤَيَ، أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ خَيْلًا بِسَفْحِ هَذَا الْجَبَلِ تُريدُ أَنْ تُغِيرَ عَلَيْكُمْ صَدَّقْتُمُونِي؟»</div><p>(O Bani `Abd Al-Muttalib, O Bani Fihr, O Bani Lu'ayy! What do you think, if I told you that there was a cavalry at the foot of this mountain coming to attack you -- would you believe me) They said, "Yes." He said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«فَإِنِّي نَذِيرٌ لَكُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَي عَذَابٍ شَدِيد»</div><p>(Then I warn you of a great punishment that is close at hand.) Abu Lahab said, "May you perish for the rest of the day! You only called us to tell us this" Then Allah revealed:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">تَبَّتْ يَدَآ أَبِى لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ </div><p>(Perish the two hands of Abu Lahab and perish he!) 111:1 This was also recorded by Al-Bukhari, Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded that `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her said: "When the Ayah:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ </div><p>(And warn your tribe of near kindred) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah stood up and said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«يَا فَاطِمَةُ ابْنَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ، يَا صَفِيَّةُ ابْنَةُ عَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِ، يَا بَنِي عَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِ، لَا أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللهِ شَيْئًا سَلُونِي مِنْ مَالِي مَا شِئْتُم»</div><p>(O Fatimah daughter of Muhammad, O Safiyyah daughter of `Abd Al-Muttalib, O Bani `Abd Al-Muttalib, I cannot help you before Allah. Ask me for whatever you want of my wealth.) This was recorded by Muslim. Imam Ahmad recorded that Qabisah bin Mukhariq and Zuhayr bin `Amr said: "When the Ayah:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ </div><p>(And warn your tribe of near kindred.) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah climbed on top of a rock on the side of a mountain and started to call out:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، إِنَّمَا أَنَا نَذِيرٌ، وَإِنَّمَا مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُكُمْ كَرَجُلٍ رَأَى الْعَدُوَّ فَذَهَبَ يَرْبَأُ أَهْلَهُ يَخْشَى أَنْ يَسْبِقُوهُ، فَجَعَلَ يُنَادِي وَيَهْتِفُ: يَا صَبَاحَاه»</div><p>(O Bani `Abd Manaf, I am indeed a warner, and the parable of me and you is that of a man who sees the enemy so he goes to save his family, fearing that the enemy may reach them before he does.) And he started to call out, (O people!) It was also recorded by Muslim and An-Nasa'i. Allah's saying:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَتَوكَّلْ عَلَى الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ </div><p>(And put your trust in the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful,) means, `in all your affairs, for He is your Helper, Protector and Supporter, and He is the One Who will cause you to prevail and will make your word supreme.'</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ </div><p>(Who sees you when you stand up. ) means, He is taking care of you. This is like the Ayah,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَاصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا</div><p>(So wait patiently for the decision of your Lord, for verily, you are under Our Eyes) (52:48) Ibn `Abbas said that the Ayah,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ </div><p>(Who sees you when you stand up.) means, "To pray." `Ikrimah said: "He sees him when he stands and bows and prostrates." Al-Hasan said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ </div><p>(Who sees you when you stand up.) "When you pray alone." Ad-Dahhak said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ </div><p>(Who sees you when you stand up.) "When you are lying in bed and when you are sitting." Qatadah said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">الَّذِى يَرَاكَ</div><p>(Who sees you) "When you are standing, when you are sitting, and in all other situations."</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِى السَّـجِدِينَ </div><p>(And your movements among those who fall prostrate.) Qatadah said:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ </div><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِى السَّـجِدِينَ-</div><p>(Who sees you when you stand up. And your movements among those who fall prostrate.) "When you pray, He sees you when you pray alone and when you pray in congregation." This was also the view of `Ikrimah, `Ata' Al-Khurasani and Al-Hasan Al-Basri.</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ </div><p>(Verily, He, only He, is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.) He hears all that His servants say and He knows all their movements, as He says:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَمَا تَكُونُ فِى شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُواْ مِنْهُ مِن قُرْءَانٍ وَلاَ تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلاَّ كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ</div><p>(Neither you do any deed nor recite any portion of the Qur'an, nor you do any deed, but We are Witness thereof, when you are doing it) (10:61).</p>
The Command to warn His Tribe of near KindredHere Allah commands (His Prophet ) to worship Him alone, with no partner or associate, and tells him that whoever associates others in worship with Him, He will punish them. Then Allah commands His Messenger to warn his tribe of near kindred, i.e., those who were most closely related to him, and to tell them that nothing could save any of them except for faith in Allah. Allah also commanded him to be kind and gentle with the believing servants of Allah who followed him, and to disown those who disobeyed him, no matter who they were. Allah said:فَإِنْ عَصَوْكَ فَقُلْ إِنِّى بَرِىءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ (Then if they disobey you, say: "I am innocent of what you do.") This specific warning does not contradict the general warning; indeed it is a part of it, as Allah says elsewhere:لِتُنذِرَ قَوْماً مَّآ أُنذِرَ ءَابَآؤُهُمْ فَهُمْ غَـفِلُونَ (In order that you may warn a people whose forefathers were not warned, so they are heedless.) (36:6),لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ الْقُرَى وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا(that you may warn the Mother of the Towns and all around it) (42:7),وَأَنذِرْ بِهِ الَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ أَن يُحْشَرُواْ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ(And warn therewith those who fear that they will be gathered before their Lord) (6:51),لِتُبَشِّرَ بِهِ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَتُنْذِرَ بِهِ قَوْماً لُّدّاً(that you may give glad tidings to those who have Taqwa, and warn with it the most quarrelsome people.) (19:97),لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ(that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach) (6:19), andوَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ(but those of the sects that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place) (11:17). According to Sahih Muslim, the Prophet said:«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَا يَسْمَعُ بِي أَحَدٌ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ يَهُودِيٌّ وَلَا نَصْرَانِيٌّ، ثُمَّ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِي إِلَّا دَخَلَ النَّار»(By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, no one from these nations -- Jewish or Christian -- hears of me then does not believe in me, but he will enter Hell.) Many Hadiths have been narrated concerning the revelation of this Ayah, some of which we will quote below: Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, recorded that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "When Allah revealed the Ayah,وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ (And warn your tribe of near kindred.), the Prophet went to As-Safa', climbed up and called out,«يَا صَبَاحَاه»(O people!) The people gathered around him, some coming of their own accord and others sending people on their behalf to find out what was happening. The Messenger of Allah said:«يَا بَنِي عَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِ، يَا بَنِي فِهْرٍ، يَااَبنِي لُؤَيَ، أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ خَيْلًا بِسَفْحِ هَذَا الْجَبَلِ تُريدُ أَنْ تُغِيرَ عَلَيْكُمْ صَدَّقْتُمُونِي؟»(O Bani `Abd Al-Muttalib, O Bani Fihr, O Bani Lu'ayy! What do you think, if I told you that there was a cavalry at the foot of this mountain coming to attack you -- would you believe me) They said, "Yes." He said:«فَإِنِّي نَذِيرٌ لَكُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَي عَذَابٍ شَدِيد»(Then I warn you of a great punishment that is close at hand.) Abu Lahab said, "May you perish for the rest of the day! You only called us to tell us this" Then Allah revealed:تَبَّتْ يَدَآ أَبِى لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ (Perish the two hands of Abu Lahab and perish he!) 111:1 This was also recorded by Al-Bukhari, Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded that `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her said: "When the Ayah:وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ (And warn your tribe of near kindred) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah stood up and said:«يَا فَاطِمَةُ ابْنَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ، يَا صَفِيَّةُ ابْنَةُ عَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِ، يَا بَنِي عَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِ، لَا أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللهِ شَيْئًا سَلُونِي مِنْ مَالِي مَا شِئْتُم»(O Fatimah daughter of Muhammad, O Safiyyah daughter of `Abd Al-Muttalib, O Bani `Abd Al-Muttalib, I cannot help you before Allah. Ask me for whatever you want of my wealth.) This was recorded by Muslim. Imam Ahmad recorded that Qabisah bin Mukhariq and Zuhayr bin `Amr said: "When the Ayah:وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الاٌّقْرَبِينَ (And warn your tribe of near kindred.) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah climbed on top of a rock on the side of a mountain and started to call out:«يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، إِنَّمَا أَنَا نَذِيرٌ، وَإِنَّمَا مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُكُمْ كَرَجُلٍ رَأَى الْعَدُوَّ فَذَهَبَ يَرْبَأُ أَهْلَهُ يَخْشَى أَنْ يَسْبِقُوهُ، فَجَعَلَ يُنَادِي وَيَهْتِفُ: يَا صَبَاحَاه»(O Bani `Abd Manaf, I am indeed a warner, and the parable of me and you is that of a man who sees the enemy so he goes to save his family, fearing that the enemy may reach them before he does.) And he started to call out, (O people!) It was also recorded by Muslim and An-Nasa'i. Allah's saying:وَتَوكَّلْ عَلَى الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ (And put your trust in the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful,) means, `in all your affairs, for He is your Helper, Protector and Supporter, and He is the One Who will cause you to prevail and will make your word supreme.'الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ (Who sees you when you stand up. ) means, He is taking care of you. This is like the Ayah,وَاصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا(So wait patiently for the decision of your Lord, for verily, you are under Our Eyes) (52:48) Ibn `Abbas said that the Ayah,الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ (Who sees you when you stand up.) means, "To pray." `Ikrimah said: "He sees him when he stands and bows and prostrates." Al-Hasan said:الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ (Who sees you when you stand up.) "When you pray alone." Ad-Dahhak said:الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ (Who sees you when you stand up.) "When you are lying in bed and when you are sitting." Qatadah said:الَّذِى يَرَاكَ(Who sees you) "When you are standing, when you are sitting, and in all other situations."وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِى السَّـجِدِينَ (And your movements among those who fall prostrate.) Qatadah said:الَّذِى يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِى السَّـجِدِينَ-(Who sees you when you stand up. And your movements among those who fall prostrate.) "When you pray, He sees you when you pray alone and when you pray in congregation." This was also the view of `Ikrimah, `Ata' Al-Khurasani and Al-Hasan Al-Basri.إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ (Verily, He, only He, is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.) He hears all that His servants say and He knows all their movements, as He says:وَمَا تَكُونُ فِى شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُواْ مِنْهُ مِن قُرْءَانٍ وَلاَ تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلاَّ كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ(Neither you do any deed nor recite any portion of the Qur'an, nor you do any deed, but We are Witness thereof, when you are doing it) (10:61).