And yet, but yet man is rebellious,
Yes indeed, man is surely rebellious.
No indeed; surely Man waxes insolent,
Nay, verily, man becomes grossly overweening
By no means: Verily man exorbitateth.
Nay! Verily, man does transgress all bounds (in disbelief and evil deed, etc.).
In fact, man oversteps all bounds.
Nay, surely man transgresses;
Nay! Verily, man does transgress.
Nay, but verily man is rebellious
Indeed man becomes rebellious
Indeed, surely the human is very insolent
No! [But] indeed, man transgresses
Despite this, the human being still tends to rebel
Nay! man is most surely inordinate,
Kall<u>a</u> inna alins<u>a</u>na laya<u>t</u>gh<u>a</u>
Yet man behaves arrogantly,
Nay, but man doth transgress all bounds,
كَلَّآ إِنَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ لَيَطْغَىٰٓ
Truly, indeed, the transgressing human i.e. Abu Jahl, has crossed the limit in overstepping the limits of Allah.
Truly, indeed, the transgressing human i.e. Abu Jahl, has crossed the limit in overstepping the limits of Allah.
<p>Verses [ 6-7] كَلَّا إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَيَطْغَىٰ أَن رَّ‌آهُ اسْتَغْنَىٰ	(The fact is that man crosses the limits, because he deems himself to be free of need.) Although the verse immediately refers to a particular person, namely, Abu Jahl who insulted the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، the statement is general which draws man's attention to one of his weaknesses. So long as man is in need of others, he walks straight; but when he thinks that he does not need anyone, he tends towards transgression, and develops the tendency to wrong-doing, tyranny and oppression. This is generally the behavior of the affluent people, government officials, and people with abundant children and friends or servants. They become purse-proud and intoxicated with the leadership power they exercise on their groups. Abu Jahl was a typical example of this. He was one of the well-to-do and prosperous people of Makkah. All the members of his tribe and inhabitants of the city respected and obeyed him. He became arrogant and insulted the leader of all the Prophets - the noblest of creation. The next verse warns such arrogant people about the evil consequences of their behavior.</p>
Verses [ 6-7] كَلَّا إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَيَطْغَىٰ أَن رَّ‌آهُ اسْتَغْنَىٰ	(The fact is that man crosses the limits, because he deems himself to be free of need.) Although the verse immediately refers to a particular person, namely, Abu Jahl who insulted the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، the statement is general which draws man's attention to one of his weaknesses. So long as man is in need of others, he walks straight; but when he thinks that he does not need anyone, he tends towards transgression, and develops the tendency to wrong-doing, tyranny and oppression. This is generally the behavior of the affluent people, government officials, and people with abundant children and friends or servants. They become purse-proud and intoxicated with the leadership power they exercise on their groups. Abu Jahl was a typical example of this. He was one of the well-to-do and prosperous people of Makkah. All the members of his tribe and inhabitants of the city respected and obeyed him. He became arrogant and insulted the leader of all the Prophets - the noblest of creation. The next verse warns such arrogant people about the evil consequences of their behavior.
<h2 class="title">The Threat against Man's Transgression for the sake of Wealth</h2><p>Allah informs that man is very pleased, most evil, scornful and transgressive when he considers himself self-sufficient and having an abundance of wealth. Then Allah threatens, warns and admonishes him in His saying,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">إِنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الرُّجْعَى </div><p>(Surely, unto your Lord is the return.) meaning, `unto Allah is the final destination and return, and He will hold you accountable for your wealth, as to where you obtained it from and how did you spend it.'</p><h2 class="title">Scolding of Abu Jahl and the Threat of seizing Him</h2><p>Then Allah says,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِى يَنْهَى - عَبْداً إِذَا صَلَّى </div><p>(Have you seen him who prevents. A servant when he prays) This was revealed about Abu Jahl, may Allah curse him. He threatened the Prophet for performing Salah at the Ka`bah. Thus, Allah firstly admonished him with that which was better by saying,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">أَرَءَيْتَ إِن كَانَ عَلَى الْهُدَى </div><p>(Have you seen if he is on the guidance.) meaning, `do you think this man whom you are preventing is upon the straight path in his action, or</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">أَوْ أَمَرَ بِالتَّقْوَى </div><p>(Or enjoins Taqwa) in his statements Yet, you rebuke him and threaten him due to his prayer.' Thus, Allah says,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">أَلَمْ يَعْلَم بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَرَى </div><p>(Knows he not that Allah sees) meaning, doesn't this person who is preventing this man who is following correct guidance know that Allah sees him and hears his words, and He will compensate him in full for what he has done Then Allah says by way of warning and threatening,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">كَلاَّ لَئِن لَّمْ يَنتَهِ</div><p>(Nay! If he ceases not,) meaning, if he does not recant from his discord and obstinacy,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">لَنَسْفَعاً بِالنَّاصِيَةِ</div><p>(We will scorch his forehead.) meaning, `indeed We will make it extremely black on the Day of Judgement.' Then He says,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">نَاصِيَةٍ كَـذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ </div><p>(A lying, sinful forehead!) meaning, the forehead of Abu Jahl is lying in its statements and sinful in its actions.</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ </div><p>(Then let him call upon his council.) meaning, his people and his tribe. In other words, let him call them in order to seek help from them.</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ </div><p>(We will call out the guards of Hell!) `And they are the angels of torment. This is so that he may know who will win -- Our group or his group' Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "Abu Jahl said, `If I see Muhammad praying at the Ka`bah, I will stomp on his neck.' So this reached the Prophet , who said,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«لَئِنْ فَعَلَ لَأَخَذَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَة»</div><p>(If he does, he will be seized by the angels.)" This Hadith was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i in their Books of Tafsir. Likewise, it has been recorded by Ibn Jarir. Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Jarir, all recorded it from Ibn `Abbas with the following wording: "The Messenger of Allah was praying at the Maqam (prayer station of Ibrahim) when Abu Jahl bin Hisham passed by him and said, `O Muhammad! Haven't I prevented you from this' He threatened the Prophet and thus, the Messenger of Allah became angry with him and reprimanded him. Then he said, `O Muhammad! What can you threaten me with By Allah, I have the most kinsmen of this valley with me in the large.' Then Allah revealed,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ - سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ </div><p>(Then let him call upon his council. We will call out the guards of Hell!)" Ibn `Abbas then said, "If he had called his people, the angels of torment would have seized him at that very instant." At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih." Ibn Jarir recorded from Abu Hurayrah that Abu Jahl said, "Does Muhammad cover his face with dust (i.e., from prostration) while he is among you all" They (the people) replied, "Yes." Then he said, "By Al-Lat and Al-`Uzza, if I see him praying like this, I will stomp on his neck, and I will certainly put his face in the dust." So the Messenger of Allah came and he began praying, which made it possible for Abu Jahl to stomp on his neck. Then the people became surprised at him (Abu Jahl) because he began retreating on his heels and covering himself with his hands. Then it was said to him, "What's the matter with you" He replied, "Verily, between me and him is a ditch of fire, monsters and wings." Then the Messenger of Allah said,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«لَوْ دَنَا مِنِّي لَاخْتَطَفَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عُضْوًا عُضْوًا»</div><p>(If he had come near me, the angels would have snatched him limb by limb.) The narrator added; "Allah revealed an Ayah, but I do not know whether it is concerning the Hadith of Abu Hurayrah or not:</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">كَلاَّ إِنَّ الإِنسَـنَ لَيَطْغَى </div><p>(Nay! Verily, man does transgress.) to the end of the Surah." Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, Muslim, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Abi Hatim all recorded this Hadith.</p><h2 class="title">Amusement for the Prophet</h2><p>Then Allah says,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">كَلاَّ لاَ تُطِعْهُ</div><p>(Nay! Do not obey him.) meaning, `O Muhammad! Do not obey him in what he is forbidding from such as steadfastness in worship and performing worship in abundance. Pray wherever you wish and do not worry about him. For indeed Allah will protect you and help you, and He will defend you against the people.'</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِب</div><p>(Fall prostrate and draw near (to Allah)!) This is just like what has been confirmed in the Sahih of Muslim on the authority of Abu Salih who reported from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah said,</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">«أَقْرَبُ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ، فَأَكْثِرُوا الدُّعَاء»</div><p>(The closest that a servant can be to his Lord is when he is in prostration. Therefore, make abundant supplications (i.e., while prostrating).)" It has also been mentioned previously that the Messenger of Allah used to prostrate when he recited</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انشَقَّتْ </div><p>(When the heaven is split asunder.) (84:1) and</p><div class="text_uthmani arabic">اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ </div><p>(Read! In the Name of your Lord Who has created.) (96:1) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Iqra' (Surat Al-`Alaq). Unto Allah is due all praise and thanks, and He is the Giver of success and protection against error.</p>
The Threat against Man's Transgression for the sake of WealthAllah informs that man is very pleased, most evil, scornful and transgressive when he considers himself self-sufficient and having an abundance of wealth. Then Allah threatens, warns and admonishes him in His saying,إِنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الرُّجْعَى (Surely, unto your Lord is the return.) meaning, `unto Allah is the final destination and return, and He will hold you accountable for your wealth, as to where you obtained it from and how did you spend it.'Scolding of Abu Jahl and the Threat of seizing HimThen Allah says,أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِى يَنْهَى - عَبْداً إِذَا صَلَّى (Have you seen him who prevents. A servant when he prays) This was revealed about Abu Jahl, may Allah curse him. He threatened the Prophet for performing Salah at the Ka`bah. Thus, Allah firstly admonished him with that which was better by saying,أَرَءَيْتَ إِن كَانَ عَلَى الْهُدَى (Have you seen if he is on the guidance.) meaning, `do you think this man whom you are preventing is upon the straight path in his action, orأَوْ أَمَرَ بِالتَّقْوَى (Or enjoins Taqwa) in his statements Yet, you rebuke him and threaten him due to his prayer.' Thus, Allah says,أَلَمْ يَعْلَم بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَرَى (Knows he not that Allah sees) meaning, doesn't this person who is preventing this man who is following correct guidance know that Allah sees him and hears his words, and He will compensate him in full for what he has done Then Allah says by way of warning and threatening,كَلاَّ لَئِن لَّمْ يَنتَهِ(Nay! If he ceases not,) meaning, if he does not recant from his discord and obstinacy,لَنَسْفَعاً بِالنَّاصِيَةِ(We will scorch his forehead.) meaning, `indeed We will make it extremely black on the Day of Judgement.' Then He says,نَاصِيَةٍ كَـذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ (A lying, sinful forehead!) meaning, the forehead of Abu Jahl is lying in its statements and sinful in its actions.فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ (Then let him call upon his council.) meaning, his people and his tribe. In other words, let him call them in order to seek help from them.سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ (We will call out the guards of Hell!) `And they are the angels of torment. This is so that he may know who will win -- Our group or his group' Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "Abu Jahl said, `If I see Muhammad praying at the Ka`bah, I will stomp on his neck.' So this reached the Prophet , who said,«لَئِنْ فَعَلَ لَأَخَذَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَة»(If he does, he will be seized by the angels.)" This Hadith was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i in their Books of Tafsir. Likewise, it has been recorded by Ibn Jarir. Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Jarir, all recorded it from Ibn `Abbas with the following wording: "The Messenger of Allah was praying at the Maqam (prayer station of Ibrahim) when Abu Jahl bin Hisham passed by him and said, `O Muhammad! Haven't I prevented you from this' He threatened the Prophet and thus, the Messenger of Allah became angry with him and reprimanded him. Then he said, `O Muhammad! What can you threaten me with By Allah, I have the most kinsmen of this valley with me in the large.' Then Allah revealed,فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ - سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ (Then let him call upon his council. We will call out the guards of Hell!)" Ibn `Abbas then said, "If he had called his people, the angels of torment would have seized him at that very instant." At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih." Ibn Jarir recorded from Abu Hurayrah that Abu Jahl said, "Does Muhammad cover his face with dust (i.e., from prostration) while he is among you all" They (the people) replied, "Yes." Then he said, "By Al-Lat and Al-`Uzza, if I see him praying like this, I will stomp on his neck, and I will certainly put his face in the dust." So the Messenger of Allah came and he began praying, which made it possible for Abu Jahl to stomp on his neck. Then the people became surprised at him (Abu Jahl) because he began retreating on his heels and covering himself with his hands. Then it was said to him, "What's the matter with you" He replied, "Verily, between me and him is a ditch of fire, monsters and wings." Then the Messenger of Allah said,«لَوْ دَنَا مِنِّي لَاخْتَطَفَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عُضْوًا عُضْوًا»(If he had come near me, the angels would have snatched him limb by limb.) The narrator added; "Allah revealed an Ayah, but I do not know whether it is concerning the Hadith of Abu Hurayrah or not:كَلاَّ إِنَّ الإِنسَـنَ لَيَطْغَى (Nay! Verily, man does transgress.) to the end of the Surah." Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, Muslim, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Abi Hatim all recorded this Hadith.Amusement for the ProphetThen Allah says,كَلاَّ لاَ تُطِعْهُ(Nay! Do not obey him.) meaning, `O Muhammad! Do not obey him in what he is forbidding from such as steadfastness in worship and performing worship in abundance. Pray wherever you wish and do not worry about him. For indeed Allah will protect you and help you, and He will defend you against the people.'وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِب(Fall prostrate and draw near (to Allah)!) This is just like what has been confirmed in the Sahih of Muslim on the authority of Abu Salih who reported from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah said,«أَقْرَبُ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ، فَأَكْثِرُوا الدُّعَاء»(The closest that a servant can be to his Lord is when he is in prostration. Therefore, make abundant supplications (i.e., while prostrating).)" It has also been mentioned previously that the Messenger of Allah used to prostrate when he recitedإِذَا السَّمَآءُ انشَقَّتْ (When the heaven is split asunder.) (84:1) andاقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ (Read! In the Name of your Lord Who has created.) (96:1) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Iqra' (Surat Al-`Alaq). Unto Allah is due all praise and thanks, and He is the Giver of success and protection against error.