i/vad, Xx,"„ii„,. /Y 2 Zro/fo kiliationaT jLt No. 55.3.—V0L. XI. POLITICAL DISQUISITION. ON THE STATE OF PARTIE3. IN the lost &lirlihrgle &view a well-written article has appearLd on the State of Parties. It is attributed to the pen CZ Mr. Brougham, and may be regarded as the Manifesto of the Whigs, preparatory to the next eicssjon of Parliament. The writer sets out with stating the objections which have been urged against party in general, and particularly against opposition a regular party.-1. The friends of Ministers, he says, never fail to stigmatise them as disloyal, by the old sophism which confouail.; the Sovereign with his Councillors—the Constituticu with the Ministry of the day.-2. And by the Public the question is often put, Are the Ministers always in the wrong? and an inference is thence drmea that there is as much dereliction of principle in always agreeing with an Opposition, as in constantly supporting a Minister.-3. In case of any coalition of parties betbre opposalsto each other, another cause of censure arises, and many look upon coalitions as no thing better than a profligate abandonment cf public principle for the sake of private advantage.-4. But if an Opposition party succeed to power, still another source of censure is opened. How sparing soever as oppesition may be of their promises to the country, ftr more will always he. expected from them than any man can perform, anal whatever has been done amiss by the former Ministry, they will be called upon to rectify— and that iostantly, for delay i 3 equal to non-perform anee. Having enumerated these charges, the second of which has been alledged against all piety, as such, and the others e.gninst the unforeunatc Whim the writer proceeds to examine them each in its turn. The first, indeed, he dismisses very properly as unworthy of re futation, and goes on to the second. Swift has said that party is " the madness of many for the gain of a fetv." This Mr. Brougham controvert;, and it is t 3 be remembered that Swift himself was after all a par!y man. The Reviewer defines party to be the union of a number of individuals, who agree in holding many stzong opinions upon many important topics,--e% agree in thinking a change of system (not of men only) to be necessary for the salvation of the country ; nd wh.4 entertaining these sentiments upon the general line of policy which ought to be pursued, mutually re lineuish those details, upon which different minds can not all coincide, in order to unite their evils for the attainment of the imp or!ant objects in which they do agree. If any set of Minieters have alepted a system of govern:neat grossly erroneous, or corrupt, or uncon stitutional, a necessity arises for taking every lawful means to displace them; and prevent farther mischief. Such an union, the basis of which is to sacrifice the 'attempt at minor -objects in order to attain those that are most important by united exertions, affords the only likely means of success, for every Ministey is sire to be lupe irted by a party at once narnemus and nhclient, regularly rniteil:elled and kept together in one solid body, al much more compact than the best organized Opposition, as a standing army is better disciplined than a corps of volunteers. But what chance wattli un Oppesition have composed of indi videals totally insulated, and not acting together P—lf the opponents of the tlinister only attack him when they are all egreel upon the measure, they mast thr the seine reaem nt ilte the attic's( in the menuer in which all aperove ; that is to say, only those who agree in ais appeeeles of the measure, can join in the attack ; and of Anse, only 5u..71 as iteree in the ,ierle of espre-aing their dissent. It is not merely the, Ole may he in . fluencel by one reeson, an I nnether by another, to join in the ea ne vire ; this wield deal to no material de felcatian or strength. But there will be fillni very few raiz.; in which all precisely agresel ; and if each ea.:es Our Ling, Condtitution anb t ai)34. SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1818. must fellow his own Judgment for cons:;ence sake, even a small ditilnence of sentiment must prevent a concurrence in the vote. Thus it will happen that the whole body who disapprove of the measures of Go vernment as nay:dew, and conscientiotuly deem °change necessary, are prevented from ever expres§ing their opi nion at all. Nothing but the union of an Opposition party can Save any chance against a Ministerial party, wad therefire, if it be Eglit at• ail to oppose bad. Mi nisters, k is necessary to do so by party assaciation.— This is the Reviewer's general - reasoning, to which he allows the exception of soh important questions (such for instance as the Slave Trade) in which all the mem hers of the party are not agreed. In such an union, he adds, the power of treat fami lies forms a ino3t necessary part. It is val.'. to stigma tize this eo-operation as the influence of a domineering aristocracy. On the contrary, it affords a counterpoise from the wealth, rank, and station of the great Opposi tion families, to the resources of force and corruption at the diposal of the Crown : they are a rallyinb point to the scattered strength of inferior partizans, and a more permanent mass in which the common principles mcy he embodied and preserved among the vicissitudes of fortune ; and in the lapse of time, so apt to have a fatai effect among the more fickle and more numerous orders of soccty, they arc eminently useful in temper ing the zeal, as well as fixing the unsteadint.ss of po pular opinion ; and thus give re;ulation and direction, as well as efficacy, to the voice and strength of the people. ST. DOMINGO.---Christophe, the sovereign of part of St. Domingo, knowe us the kingdom of Hayti, has, since the death of Potion, who was President of the sul.ee• part, endeavoured to unite the . wliolo island under Iris authority. For this pure.:se he has appronched with a military retinue the territory which is under the Pre sidency of General Boyer, the successor of Petion, and issued two proelametions announcing his views, and promising to those who may support them the guaran tee of their persons and property, the confirmation of ranks mel cmpley to military and civil offices, and protection Leul tewards to others.—lt appears. that Boyer resists Christophe in these views of aggrandisement. By recent accounts from St. Domingo, it appears that Christophe. failing in his efilirts to induce that portion of toe Island, under the new President, Boyer, the successor of Pceiee, to arlnewledge his authority, is marching to attac!:. Port-au-Prieee, and that Buyer is preparing to reoel Peusstee imeN.—Privy-Conneellor Bornemann is a rrived. in London with the remaining obligations of this loan, completieg the sum of 5,000,0,e) sterling.— They are at present in the possession of Mr. Rothschild, the contractor, who will deliver them in a lbw days to the subscribers. Extract of a letter from . Tylboa, dated Aug. 17 : ‘‘ We hailed with much satisfaction the arrival of the Diana fri.:nte ; no Bonner had she apeenred, than the insurgent privateers, which previously infixed our I coast, disappeared; to the great . joy of the inhabitants. By the latest advices also From Cedie, we learn that two or three English ships war are off that coast, no denbt for the purpose of preserving some little respect for legitimate flage Such is the present state of Spain —a nation that once meditated an invasion of Great Britain is new glad Oven o: nominal protection from two or three of her frigates'' GasteT IStPIioVEIIINT IN TR IDE.--We cxperic,neff real sotisfeetion in stating, that at Dudley, Stour bridge, tee., the iron trade was never known so brisk a.s it is at this moment ; the foreign orders are so geeat. that. it is impossible to get through them with sum cient celerity ; we may also add, that the pipes and other apparatus connected with pet works, give e:nployment to a vast tam kr of hands. The nail tra le is also so brisk, that the masters at De Iley and Stoichridge have recently been able to raise the wages of the; r workmen. • To a I . ..elite: and patriotic mind, nattriag can be more gratifying than to observe tho tr4trasc which the above astride present when the atiturne of 18 tti is colipareel with the present time : at the former period, all was distreas and dismay : at the present, all is iudustry and opulence. I ~1~~ (77 taitittr+ TIIE Q UEEN. PRICE 9;d. The following Bulletins, issued since our last, slicw that her Majesty is again soni::what recovering : " Kew Palace. Sept. ;. " The Queen was a little bcttcr throtreiont yesterday. and has passed a gaol night. " INC'S Nil 'AMIN. " 11. IIAl.VORI)." " Kew Palace, Sept. 3. " The Queen. ilk? not bleep well in the clay part of la:,t night, but her ,Majesty is, dila inorniLg, nearly in the SWAP state as yesterday. " PRINT'S " Kew Palace, Sept. 9. " Iler Majesty has puled a good night. anal is better this morning. " If. HALIPORD." " FRANCIS MILLMAN." " Kew Palace, Sept. tn. " Her Majesty has passed a good night, bat remains nearly in the same state as yister‘lay. "11. lIALFORD. " F. MILLMAN." " Kew Palace, Sept. l t. "There is no material alteration in the stat. 2 of the Queen's health since yesterday, although her Majesty has ha.l soi,ilgocalslcep in the last night. " FRANCIS MILLMAN." The Queen has found much benefit frau a ewe!), which has been made under the direction of the Prince Regent, and was sent down to Kew, on Wednesday night. It is so contrived, that it can be used either in an upright sitting posture, with complete support fa. every part of the body, or it can be gradually incline by machinery, to ally degree of recumbency, without ;t perceptible motion to the patient. Her Majesty slept, in it, on Wednesday night, and enjoyed a more refresh ing sleep than had been expected. Up to eight o'clock, on Friday evening, ro change had taken place. Her Majesty remained free front any violent symptom of her complaint, and, compared with the prxeding week, certainly in a much more favourable state. The Duke of York arrived from the Horse Guards, and the Prince Regent from !tampion Court, ahoitt six o'clock ; and, after visiting her Maj.-sty, they dined with the Princessc Jlr. Keate, and Mr. Brandt., of Arlington-strcet,who furnishes the medicines flit the use of her Majesty, were both in attendance with Sir' Francis Millman, on Thursday night, and slept at the Palace. Sir Henry lialibrd returned from Windsor Castle about three o'clock on Friday, and, we under stand, left the Princess Sophia in at very indifferent state of health. Her Royal Highness has been evi dently iLelining ever since the death of the Princess Charlotte. . 'I , be following is the Bulletin of yesterday. It is, we regret to observe, ofan unfavourable description : " Kcw Palace. Sept. 12. * 6 The Queen has had an indiCerent tight, and her Me:eftv re. nrsin% much indispustal, but without any material altristinn ii !ler apapto..is. 6 ' Li EN. IIA L. FOS D. I* F. bIILLAIAN." Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchesc of Kent, and suite, arrived at Dover on Sunday eve••' . g about six o'clock, and upon alighting immediately c.a. barked on board the Royal Suv'reign yacht, lying im the harbour. under a salute from the guns at tim heights, the yards of the yacht being mauncd, and .1 guard of 41enour drawn up along the quay. Abwaz 7 their Royal Highnesses sat down to dinner, the band of the 31st regumait, which was stationed on t!te quar ter deck, playing a number of select and beautiful air , . Although the evening was not very fine, yet so ::e thousands (d* persons were assembled to greet their I.l4;4lm:sus' arrival, who walked on the quarter de.•k for mime time, bowing to the populace. The Jell the harbour at three on Monday morning, under a salute. Prince Leopold has given 100 guilivas to the Nstio. - 4:1 Schools, and has alao accepted of the oiTi c e of A t e w a ed at the next anniversary meeting, at St. Paul's Cathe dral. for the benefit of the Sons of the Cl'ergY• Paince Leopold arrived at Lausanne on the 30th or August, on. his way from Geneva. Iliving dined the Hotel du Pelican, he continued his ratut;thr where he will visit hi., sister, the Grand Duchess C. , Vantine of Au. ilia. _ Prilee Bluedwr, according to the account , ' from was in u state of extreme exhaustion ; but infamation of a more remit dale. from Berlin, summons that ho had gone out iu his carriage, and MIS fast recoveriuk Accounts have &yen received at Lloyd's, that two valuable Portuguese Air, insured in London. h a l been capt LI red by two piratt:P. with commissions fro:a Artigas ; and such was tl.e facility of procuring the that a Captain, 1v11() had I .seini in the river iNate, htrol i rbt a whole quire of them flout the worthy Gen,:ral for * niece trifle, leaving. n blank for the deseriluion of s i k ip, captain, awl crew, wi.iuL Luight 1* .Jed up at pleasure. (- 1 1:19:1,7 - 4S 4 . 1 4 1) 4; • ,•• fi k y . ~, • lq C-Vdd ..nkv2