THE NATION FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. \ 40 1 Auo. S.—Colonel Le jeune and the Chevalier Stoflet, having escaped from an English prise ti , have just reached France. They were in the centre of Eng and, but reached Ply mouth without being discovered, where 01.4 embarked and arrived at Boulogne. . VIENNA, JuLt 21.—For the last fortn;ght the course of ex change has fluctuated from 250 to 345. 'raid constant fluctaa• . tan: is produced by a variety of causes. Sometimes fear pro- . .. ducts ( * .id notes, at other times they are raised b; hope; diversity of opinion, the spirit of too:anon, aid very freoucritly mere chance give rise to the same effects. Aco nmercial house of some importance o:casions sudden changes at times, involo:.- . tariiy, when it sells pr buys upon 'Change a considerable quan tity of paper for its own purposes. All eyes are turned to this merchant,. and the speculators follow his example. The bank notes of ;iOO florins, which are at present withdrawing from circulation, anioinlt, in nominal value, to the sum of ::120 mil lions. The notes of exchange for replacing them, in conformity to the decree of the 20th of February, amount to 40 millions. A great many capitalists at present keep their cash locked up, aid . gold coin is becoming scarce r every. day: as a proof of which, the rate of interest has actually risen to 40 per Lent. per ann. • AUGSSVKGR, JULY 30.—The letters from Turkey, wh:le • they*eualirin the details of the battle of Rudschuck, announce that hostilities have also recommt need bt.t.veen the Tui ks a:•cl Servians. All the disposeable troops from Cie interior of Servia have been marched to the camp of Dcl..grade. CONSTANTINOPLE, JUNE 21.—Every Cling has 35SUMLNI warlike aspect. We are assured that the Grand Seignior, in concert with the is resolved nut to yield an inch of terri tory, and to combat the Russians with all the force of hts em pire. 'lke divisions of Jani,,sarie-Aitill here have received orders . to march, by Adrianep:e ; to the Grand Vizier's army. All the Paellas of Eur,pe and Asia have rec.-ived new orders to enrol without delay all the men capable of bearinz arms, and to send . . them oil for' the army. The Grand Vizier has introJuced the severest discipline into the army; but at the same time he declares, that heroic actions shall be magnificeney re warded. • We learn from Fgypt that the cavalry which the Governor sent in pursuit of tue fleys and Mantalukes wh had escaped trotn the massacre of Cairo, uvolook them in Upper Egypt, where they were almost all put to death. This Governor, who, It Seems, is a man of decided character, and never hesitates about his moasures, has rep:.ired the fortifications of Damietta, Alexandtia. and Rosetta, and is preparing an expedition against the Wehahites. Bit elia . r, Jo.v 24.—The Turbulent privateer, which sailed yesterday, has just returned with the Mary Anne, an English galliot of 83 tons, which she took by boarding, and which was armed with four four-pounders. OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND! Since none of the reasons derived from the prineples of jus tice, prudence, or lit:nanity, have been able to induce the Eng lish Government to depart from its anti-social system—that sys tem which gives it as many er.emie4 as there are true ci:izens is the different Staten of Europe ;—we may he permitted to con template, with some interest, the crisis in which that Bank, upon which req the power and security of the nation, is placed. When speaking of the affairs of a Bank, we arc not involved in those political reveries, amidst which a people already blinthd by its passions may be amused and deceived with impunity: here every thing is certain. It the facts alleged be true,—if it he a fact that four pounds sterling in Bank .notes are werth only three guineas (and, unfortunately for the Bank, this is dis!lnted by no One), it mist soon submit to ack:iowledge that its bank ruptcy is almost declared. Doubtless, the Ministers and ,their partisans have good reasons for not all at once •avowing their situation; doubtless, they haVe still some precauthns to take, some essential operations to concert, before they give to the situation to which they have conducLed affairs, the only name which befits it. This course is na:ural, and potzt all surprislrg: but that there should be found men of sense and acuteness, wh can shut their eyes to the light of evidence, and seek in pi seri. ble palliatives for a cure to the evil, is - what wily hardly le be• lieved six months after the fall of the Bauk,—that is, very soon. Why was not This foreseen, will then say the stupid politi cians of Wood-street? It was 3.) clear! Our k almost tem,)ted to laugh at the grave tone with which a Noble Lord, in the House of Commons, endeavourud to !thew how much the notes of the h:nglish Bank differed from assiptatts to which a' Member had the indiscretion to compare thew, " H OW can you as,imilate things IA) Uliiike ?" said lu g-avely. s' Upon the creation of a4signats, their issue w..s enormous A nd It. highaully iur.teased i.O a year Or tW9O Witb is, 911 contrary, even ! , een an inci. France) in paper e_ aught ue a-... :d, by no ineans,the quantity issued, but the power. II f ittcessantly issuing, which decides the fall of a paper-iiioney; but xis Inure proper tv observe, that the Noble-Lord hac . bitirkeei the epics. tiun. The roint.for-considerati:ni is not what has happened to the Bank of London, but what. is now ap f . I:ening t.). it, and what must naturaily ensu.:. How is it that a AsstiV. iii N s () small quantity, has already, -depreciated.? . 1 he ivab.e Lord should have thought of this objectinn, which lie himself indiscreetly furnishes, and which it•ie natural to make to th se who attri bute the fall of .assignats Its th, it enormous *1 hey io not see that they take the effect for the cause.; and ntstead of saying that the great ie.ue w :s tli: cause ofdepreciatio . ,;(llc,- ought to perceive,. from the then existing bt,te of ilticgs in France, and from what is now goiii i g torwardin knxland, that, in both countries, it was leilreciation.that led to itsue, whether iii assii!nats or bank paper. The coniparsun i J Cher fare, was not so misolaced as he w.shed to persuade the Fl ouse. •-• As lung as England shared with aliEurope the weight of the struggle agitiil4 . a nati,in divided' and. t by parties;—while, enjoyinf, inimenst and exclusive commerce, .she ekveloped all the sources of prosperity,—is it surprising that slieJcept at par the paper of her Bank, and th et she eijoye.l a credit which the Inuit iosi,;nificant hanker o'itaius as lolig as his :::Fairs appear in a prosperoJs state? Certainly n t ; and it "trin.t have 14sted till the favouring causes ceased to op: rate—till the perio.l when. Franc , f, uni.ed as a whole, resumed her superiority upon the Con inent. But the point is now f England to cause the effect to oontimie while the cause has ceased—to re-establish her cre dit, sinking under the weight of the very fora; which supported it. Such is the problem which the English Nlinisters have to salve. I, there any.ptespect that they will succeed ? • It is a truth become trite, that paper :noncy exists from the coniidaice red used in those w Ito issue it. This confidence is built u r c,ii their knawn resources and th it conduct. If it ifi ascertained that a hankin,, , rfirm gains more than it expends, its p‘iper't njoys a credit, which is in itself an, addition to the pro. perty ot the bankers. if unfin - eseen accidenis or nil •conduct augment expenses and diminish receipt-, their credit declinet, and can only be restored by a different system of conduct. i 4 the irate of the Bn.lt of its credit has der .dined to tla degrest..that the tioinii , ;tl vlitie of its pier is to its reabtalue 4s 9ts , tut7s. What. ha. produced ibis fall? An ex. penditure islo.says increasing, whicu must still increase in a trightful progression ; and a of its receipts, which loon, twin the effects qt the continental :.ystern. wid he more .and more reduced. What cure is propp,tii for the evil ? 'chit 'intim most curioue part pi the subject. SIAM say that it does not exist; others, Arm it is of no consequence; a third party, in the hope, doubtless, cf res'rting to the true remedy, proclaims aloud the dang;:r. , 'What will be the eyenr ? One of two things: eir-her the Litter will be listened to; or tile noise which they have Inadef-end their very zeal, will hasten the evil. But we - do not antkip Ate evemts ; we wish to present facts, not conjectures,:, the event. belongs to futurity ) which we do not presume to penetrate. . .51a yen in a period of fifteen years, there has scarcely Icnip;e of fifteen nuilions sterling (860 millions of L)aper circulation." It might be il'lswacd, that it is SPAIN. (FROM THE MOKITFVX.I. MADRID, Jut.v lt;.-.--Yrsterday was a d.t7 r(llizinfr for thlf capital. The King,.our.:iovercign, (Tarred it On return from his j)urney, at half-past six in the evening, amidst the acclama-_ tions of an imm..r..e multitude, who awaited and followed him to the Palace. A sa:ute of artillery had announced to the inha. bitants of Madrid the dawn of this happy day. The Prefect of Madrid repaired to the confines of his prefee• tare, and there presented to nis Majesty the homage of all the province. '1 he Commandant of the army of the t.ntre, and the Gover nor of Madrid, went to the same place to receive his Majesty t they accompanied him a.. far as the Palace. The troops of the garrlson were drawn Up .in line along the whole of the road. The Munici; a 1 - . y, headed by the Corregidor', received his Nla jebty s under an at ch.erected before the gate by which he was to enter ; and the Corregidor bad the honour w present the keys of this capital - to his Majesty. On alighting from Ilk carriage, the King was received by the IVliaiiteic f the Counsellors of State, the Oflicera of the Houshoid, Ale Gr.w ihe s and N )bility, the Generals and Military Officers not oti . dut the Members of Tribunals and principal Bede. siotics. His Majesty condescended to address them with his characteristic •afFal.,illry. A general fflumina ;(na took place in the night, and this day buil-fights will be exhibited to the peoplegratis, and the theattss will also Os opened, gratuusi4sly.