276 Rlig.SlA AND R . KEY. Falrarl of a Idler (fated Sl.l'elerslwrgli July 24. E' Whether the Emperor Alexander entertained or not, since the last treaty of Paris, previously to, during, or Mier the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, and those of Carlsbad and Laybach, views of future aggrandizement, or whether he was only desirous of insuring the maintenance of peace by the display of' an immense military force, it is at least certain that he has been continually augmenting the number of his regular -troops, and that by his system of o(donization he has evinced that he had a view to instill a martial spirit into the entire population of Russia. " Russia contains about thirty-eight millions of inhabitants; that is to say, nineteen millions of males. The object of colonization is, that there may be always two in a hundred capable of bearing .arms, yhich, if all the Russian Empire were colo nixed, would give 380,000 men, exclusive of the regular troops. Ai present the Emperor can only draw at the utmost, 250,000 men ; besides, the Ritrsian nobles, who are proprietors of immense do mains, and numerous inhabitants, are opposed to its system, and (I() not introduce it in their possessions, but think it sufficient to furnish the men they are bound to do fur the contingent of the Imperial troops. The troops at this moment amount to the alarming number of 912,000 men, exclusively of the colonization forces, the permanent army of Siberia the number of which is not accurately known), and the Polish army, which, :It truth, amounts only to 25,000 or 30,000 men, and which the Russians hold in sovereign contempt. " The 912,000 men at present enrolled under the Russian banners arc disposed as follows:-.- Ten intantry corps d'armec, each consisting of 45,000 men, and dispersed throughout the various provinces of the empire 540,000 The corps trarrnee under Prince de Wit}tenstein, en camped on the frontiers of Turkey .92,000 The corps d'annce of General Yermalott, which was 6 thonAht destined to Piedmont, and which, at the E request, it is said, of the Emperor of Austria, con tinuai stationed on the frontiers of Silesia 112,000 The Imperial Guard, composed of 411,1551 infantry and 10,000 cavalry The permanent corps of 54,000 men, which watches Persia A corps d'elite of 14,000 grenadiers 14,000 And, finally, five corps of cavalry, each 10,000 men strong 30,000 Making an aggregate force of 912,090 " It may be imagined that with such a show of strength the Continental . Powers bordering on Rus slit have no inclination for a rupture with her, and that it is not by those Powers, whose territories would be immediately occupied by the Russian troops, that any opposition could be made to the aggrandizement of Russia in the Turkish States.— If the Turks, by the result of the events of a war, should be driven out of Europe, and confined to Asia, it would be the complete destruction of Is lamism ; the sect of Ali would very soon be the only Mahometan sect, and the Persians would do that for the Turks in Assia which Russia would have accomplished for the Turks of Europe. One thing, which it is important to remark, is, that this im mense Rusaian army is, or would soon be useless, if Russia only aimed at Turkey, and if she had not to fOrtify herself against the Great Powers; for Russia, in her wars with the Porte, never employed more than 50,000 or 60,000 men. She requires a much less force in the present day, as Turkey has sufkred so much by the vigorous defence or the attacks of the Greeks on land, and especially by sea. What induced a belief that war would take place, and that the rupture was threatening on the putt of the Porte, was, that the Emperor Alexander required of the Grand Vizier an apology for the conduct shown to his Ambassador; threatening, at the same time, to advance his troops if he had not satisfaction in the interval of eight days, and the eight days elapsed without the required satisfaction being given. Whether motives of prudence—the desire, at least apparent, of only acting in concert with his allies—or perhaps the best of the season, may hitherto have restrained the ardour of the Rua. shin troops on the right bank of the Truth, war does not to us appear less inevitable, and the mouths of September, October, November, and December, are the most favourable thr carrying on hostilities in that country. If the Russians march upon Con stantinople, and it is in that quarter that they would begin, it will not be by skirting the borders of the Black Sea (out that the passage of the Pruth, the Dniester, and the Danube can be attended with great difficulty), but they will, in the first place, penetrate by Jassy. They have calculated th•tt it will only take 23 days' march to reach Constantino ple, and they then conceive that the corps of Yer mato% combined with some Austri..n troops, would occupy IValachia and Moldavia." DUTCH AND GERHAN PAPERS. FROM THE I)UNA. JULY 18.0ur whole empire resounds with chaaiiii mourning, at the same time with cries fur T 44TpNAT.. g4GisT.Eit vengeance. The army is eagerfir combat, animated with holy anger; the people filled with indignation more almost than in 1812. IL may be affirmed without exaggeration, that our strength is increased tentbld by this impulse. If war should break out, anc army after another, nay the whole mass of the nation, would fall upon those barbarians who have hitherto owed their safety to policy alone. Con stantinople, attacked by sea or land on three sides at least would fall, and the Greek empire be re-estab lished in a moment. FROM THE RUSSIAN FRONTIER. . .... JULY 19.—This war, if it should break out, will be a true religious war. Indignation against the Turks has inflamed all hearts. The whole mass of the population forms, as it were, a thousand im mense armies of reserve. At a sign from the Em peror one after another will advance. Th. fate of the Turks will be absolutely decided this time. We fear no diversion from Persia. That cautious power has been taught wisdom; besides sufficient gua rantees have been given. The national hatred of the Persians and the Turks, the opposition of ad verse parties in the interior, likewise have an in fluenc.:. Austria will join us as Prussia has done ; at least it will not hinder us from assisting our bre thren, for it is interested in the cause. With respect to the policy of other Powers we know nothing.— As soon as the war breaks out, we advance, fight, take Constantinople, and all is settled. CONSTA DT, J ULY 17 —The withdrawing of Ypsilanti from Walachia, chiefly caused by the de sertion and treachery of far the greater part of the Albanese and Walachians, who composed his army, but in all probability not wholly unproduced by this cause, is indeed a severe and almost destructive blow to the eaterprize in Moldavia and Walachia; but it would be a great mistake to believe that the affairs on the. Danube are thereby entirely concluded. Of Ypsilanti's old corpse, which consisted of 20,000 hantly 1,000 have been killed or severely wounded in the several actions, who have destroyed in pro portion, an immense number of the enemy. Another 1,000 perhaps may have fled into the Austrian ter titory. The rest of the army still exists, scattered, indeed, in different parts. A person who does not know the nature M the events or the character of of the contending parties in that country, may imagine the nffitirs to be at an end. The Turks have done nothing great or decisive, The insur rection still exists, though in a different form. In Little Walachia the insurgents have almost all the fortified convents in their hands. Prondan, a Ser vian, Captain Diamenteo, and other chief's, gave the Turks a severe defeat sonic days ago. The Captains Gorgales, Olympites, and Pharmakes have occupied, with a very considerable flaw, the mountain posi tions near 13useo. Sawa, with nearly 1,200 fermi dable warriors, is in the mountains near this frontier. He is a native of Ramos, well versed in the Turkish mode of making war, a man of great understanding, but deserving of malediction, because for trifling petty reasons, he betrayed his country and his faith in the most decisive moment. But as he is known to be a man of great ability, he was always greatly feared by the Turks. He knows very well that if he fell into their hands, his award would be behead ing or impaling alive. He seems, therefinv, to feel some remorse, and in the end will probably be obliged to turn his arms against the cruel enemies of Christianity. If he does, he will do the Turks much injury and find them plenty of employment. From all this it may be inferred, that the insurrection in Moldavia and ‘Walachia exists nearly in its extent, and will long continue so. But if the proposed result of the transactions on the Danube should not Is.: attained, yet the real object of occupying a large hostile force will be fully accomplished. Alcantime the situation of those two principalities is truly deplorable. FROM TUESDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE. BAN K UPTCy 1?\1 LARGE R. C. Man, ltathbone Place, linen draper, from Aug. 2t to Aug. 25. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. H. Platte, Deptford, tobacconist. BANK ItUPTS. E. Peters, 11i:debit 11111, Whim, grocer. Solicitor, Mr. Evans, Hatton Garden. 11. Batman, Deptford, victualler. Sol. Mr. Hounsfield, Throgniorton Street. W. Holding, Devonshire Street, Queen Square, wine mer chant. Sol. Mr. Williams, Gray's Inn Place, .1. liatlcock. Uptonprie, Devonshire, miller. Sol. Mr. Brut ton, Old Broad Street. J. 11 eslington, junior, York, grocer. Sol. Mr. Dickinson, Freeman's Court, Cmnhill..... DIVIDENDS. Sept. 12, M., .1., and R. Griffiths, Bristol, masons-2f,, W. Clark, South Shields, linen draper-12, G. G. Percival, %Valcot, Somerset, common brewer-11, T. 'Punier, Stock Exchange, broker-20, G. Wells, Dadleigli, Suffiolk, clothes salesinan-2U, G. Harmon, Norwich, nrimulacturer-12, J. Billingc, Bristol, rosier. CERTIFICATES to be gratin:it Sept. 11. J. Wise, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, saddler—ll. Elpir, Burnham Westgate, Norfelik, grocer—lt. A. Cox, G. Weston, J. Farber, and 6. Cox, Little Britain, bunkers: No less than our hundred and three medical stu , dents had the degree of doctor conferred on them cm Wednesday last, at thy University of Edinburgh. annum, Attn. 21.—His Majesty yesterday held his first levee at the Castle. The attendance was great beyond example. At an early hour the line of carriages extended through all the ad. joining streets, anti nearly 30300 persons were prevented. Tire Mayors, Sovereigns, Burgesses, and Portreevees of the several corporate towns, and the High Sheriffs of all the counties a lye. land, with deputations from each, attended to present addresses to his Majesty. The whole of the Irish nobility, with a very considerable portion of its gentry, were present on this first levee held by the King in his Irish Court. His Majesty arrived in town from the Park soon after It o'clock; lie was richly dressed in a field marshal's uniform, with a large black crape on his left arm, not tied in the usual manner, but fastened with a large drape rosette. The King wore, as usual, the riband and star of the order of St. Patrick.• • I Previous to the levee, his D'ajesty held an investure of the most illtstriouri order of St. Patrick, which was attended by his Grace the Lord Primate, and several officers belonging to the onler. The following noblemen were introduced, when each received the honour of knighthood, and were invested with the insignia of that order:—Lund Greavcs. as proxy for his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland. The Marquis of Donegal, his Excellency Earl Talbot, the Earls of Onnonde, bleach, Roden, Courtown, and Fingal. His Majesty aftersards held an investure of the Most Honour able Order of the Bath, when Admiral the Honourable Thomas Pakenham, K. C. 8., received the honour of knighthood, and was invested with the riband and badge of that most honourable order: and Sir John Elley, K.C.8., on his attaining the rank of Major- General, received from his Majesty the star of that degree of the most honourable order. The Earls of Clanricanle, Bective, and Mount Charles, are to have the honour of officiating as Esquires to the Sovereign at the ap proaching grand installation. Lords Inlet-vatic, Alexander, and Thurles, are to act as pages on the same occasion. Previous to the levee his Majesty sent for the Earl of Fingal, (the premier Catholic Peer of Ireland), to his closet, and informed hint, that as a special mark of his regard and esteem, he had determined to invest his Lordship with the Order of St. Patrick; and the King added, that he had every reason to feel the highest satisfaction at tire loyalty and demeanour of the Roman Catholics, His own sentiments, his Majesty added, were always those of confidence in that great body of his subjects, and he had uni formly felt that the Government had every reason to be satisfied with their good demeanour as members of the community. The King further said, that having always entertained those opinions of them, he could not refrain on the present occasion from sending for Lord Fingal, to express in person to his Lordship, the high gratification he felt at now finding all his anticipations respecting that body fully realized. His Majesty could not, he said, better express the high sense he entertained of the loyalty of the Catholic body, than by taking this opportunity of declaring to his Lordship that their loyalty and duty appeared to him to entitle them to his Majesty's fullest confidence. The Earl of Fingal expressed his gratitude to the King for this most gracious communication and mark of respect, and assured his Majesty that there was no class in the community upon whose loyalty he could better rely than that of his Boman Catholic subjects. Shortly after the noble Earl withdrew, the elders of the Dis senters and the Quakers were severally introduced to his Majesty, who gave them a most gracious reception: the latter suffered their hats to be taken off before entering the presence. The at tendance from the Society of Friends consisted of the most emi nent persons of that sect: their plain attire and formal peculiarity of manner excited much observation among the brilliant cortege of a crowded court. 'file address of the Quakers was presented by Air. Simon Bewry, an eminent merchant of this city, attended by a large body of frisndi—To which his Majesty was graciously pleased to give the fallowing answer :— " It is highly satisfactory to me to receive your congratulations on my arrival in tins part of my kingdom, and your assurance's of attachment to my person and government. " The loyalty of your principles, and your regular and peace able conduct entitle you to my good opinion and esteem. You may rely on my constant protection. and on the continuance of those privileges which you now so justly possess. Then the following Roman Catholic Prelates were introduced into the clozet by the Earl of Donouglimore, with their address :wis The Right Rev. Drs. Murray, Curtis, Troy, Kelly, Plunkett. Archdeacon, Murphy, and Magowran. They were not dressed in their full canonicals, as was supposed. but wore small black silk cloaks, and their gold chains and crosses. Dr. Murray read their address, which the King re ceived in the most gracious and condescending manner—they all they had the honour of kissing his Majesty's hand. It is a remarkable circumstance, that on the hack of his Majesty's answer to the address of these prelate► was endorsed " His Ma jesty's most gracious Answer to the Address of the Roman Ca tholic lii.rh , pr. This closet reception, and written indursement upon an official instrument, is deemed by the Catholics to be the first public recognition of their Clergy " as Bishops" which has yet occurred since the enactment of the penal restrictions affect mg their body. Ills Majesty returned the following answer : " I am highly gratified by your congratulations on my arri val in this country, and by the sentiments of cordial and dutiful attac'iment which you have expressed to my person and throne. " It was my earnest wish, in visiting this past of my mined kingdom, that an equal degree of satisfaction might be diflUsed amongst all descriptions of my faithful subjeste in Ireland. 'lliac wish is happily and fully accomplished ; and I ant persuaded that no endeavours will be wanting on yonr part to cherish and preserve that spirit of loyal union which now pervades and aril-. mates the whole community, and which is not less conducive to individual and social happiness, than to the strength and pros• perity of the State." The following was die answer to the address of the Prcahyte rians : " The sentiments which you have expressed on my arrival in this part of my dominions, are highly gratifying to me, and are entitled to my warmest thank , . " I have the fullest confidence in your faithful and firm at tachment toiny person and throne; and you may be assured of my constant protection of those civil and religious liberties which are the birthright of my people." Iminediattly after the addresses had been received, his Excel . lens the Lord Lieutenant intrixluced the o ffi cers of the order i a St. Patrick, and his Excellency's household to his Majesty, wino severally die honour of kissing hands. The above were the only closet addresses presented to his Ma jesty• They occupied the King until two o'clock • at that hour his Majesty entered the State rovnis, which was crowded to es. cuss. At half past four o'clock the levee closed, and his Majesty left the Castle for the Park, escorted by two troops of I aincers.— The King was loudly cheered as he passed through the streets . his Ithuesty returned these masks of public respect in the most condescending and affable manner. The drawing room this night will be atteudel with greater state and splendour than ever beige marked any such ceremony. All the public institutions are prepataing for a royal visit. Aji;sir qf llonotir.—On Thursday se'nnight n meeting took place at Castleclough, near Killarney, between Dr. Murphy and Dr. Brennan, of that town. After an exchange of shots, without injury to either party, the seconds interfered, and etlectel a reconciliation.