, , au gt No. 553.—V0L. XI. POLITICAL DISQUISITIa ON 'I i HE STATE OF PARTIES. IN the last Edinburgh Review a well-writ has appeared on the State of Parties. It is to the pen of Mr. fliougham, and may be regarded as the Nlunifesto of the Wh ig s, prepratory to the next Session of Parliament. The writer sets out with stating the objections which have been urged against party in genera!, and particularly against opposition a regular party.-1. The friends of Ministers, he says, never fail tb stigmatise theme's disloyal, by the old sophism which confounds the Sovereign with his Councillors—the Constitution with the Ministry of the day.-2. And by the Public the question is often put, Arc tho Ministers always in the wrong? and an inference is thence &awn that there is as much dereliction of principle in always sewing with an Opposition, as in constantly supporting a Minister.-3. In case of any coalition of ifarties before opposed to each other, another cause of censure arises, and many look upon coalitions as no thing better than a profligate abandonment of public principle for the sake of private advantage.-4. But if an Opposition party succeed to rawer, still another source of censure is opened. How sparing soever as opposition may be of their vnnnises to the country, far more will always be expected front them than any man can perform, and whatever has been done amiss by the former Ministry, they *ill be called upon to rectify-- and that instantly ; for delay is equal to aon-perform stilt* Having enumerated these chsttger, the second of Which has been alledged against all party, as such, and the others against the unfortunate Whigs, the writer proceed! to examine them each in its turn. The first, indeed, he dismisses very properly as unworthy of re futation, and goes on to the second. Swift has said that party is " the madness of many for the gain of a few." This Mr. Brougham controverts, and it is to be remembered that Swift himself was after all a party man. The Reviewer defines party to he the union of number of individuals, who agree in holding many strong opinions upon many important topics,—who agree in thinking a change of system (not of men only) to be necessary for the salvation of the country; and Who, entertaining these sentiments upon the general line of policy which ought to be parined, mutually re linquish those details, upon which dif•.';rent minds can not all coincide, in order to unite their efforts for the attainment of the important objects itt which they do agree. If any set of Ministers have adopted a system of government grossly erroneous, or corrupt, or uncon stitutional, a necessity arises feir taking every lawful means to displace them, and prevent further mischief. Such an union, the basis of which is to eacrifice the attempt at minor objeets in order to attain those that arc most important by united exertions, affotkls the only likely means of success, for every Ministry is sure to be supported by a party ut once numerous and obedient, regularly Marshalled and kept together in one solid body, a 3 much more romeact than the best organized Opposition, as a standing army is better disciplined than a corps of volunteers. But what chance Would tin Opposition have composed of indi tiduals totally insulated, and not acting together ?—lf the opponents of the Minister only attack him when they are all agreed u; an th ►ncasura, they must for the same reason make theiattack in the manner in which nfl approve; that is to say, only those who agree in dis approving of the measure, can join in the attack ; and of those, only such as agree in the mode of expressing their dissent. It is not m:rely that one may be in fluenced by one reason, and another by another, to join in the same vote ; this would lea 1 to no material de falcation of strength. But there will be found very few yaws in which all precisely p.greed ; and if each izan r ~.+._. 't._. ~~..1 L necessary, ptevcnted ever expressing their opt. nion at all. Nothing boa the union of an Opposition puny can have any chance against a Ministerial patiA and therefore, if it be right at all to oppose bad Mi nisters, it is necessary to do so by party association.— Thts is the Reviewer's general reasoning, to whiclrhe allows the exception of such important questions (rich for instance as the Slave Tnulc) in which all the mem bersof the party are not agreed. In such an union, he adds ; the power of great fami lies forms a most necessary pert. It is vain to stigma tire this co-operation as the influence of a domineering aristocracy. On the contrary, it affords a counterpoise from the wealth, rank, and station of the great Opposi. don families, to the resources of force and corruption at the diposal of the Crown : they are a rallying point to the scattered strength of inferior partisans, and a more permanent mass in which the common principles may be embodied and preserved among the vieissitatles of fortune ; and in the lapse of time, so apt to have a fatal effect among the more tickle and more numerous orders of socety, they are eminently useful in temper. ing the zeal, as well as fixing the unsteadiness of po• pular opinion ; and thus give regulation and direction, as well *a efficacy, to the veice and strength of the peoPle. Sr. Doat!Noo.—Christophe, the sovereign of part of ' St. Domingo, known as the kingdom at Hayti, has, since the death of Petion, who was President of the ether part, endeavoured to unite the whole island under his authority. Far this purpose he has approached with a military retinue the territory which is under the Pre sidency of General Boyer, the successor of Petiod, and issued two proclamations announcing his views, and promising to those who may support them the guaran tee of their persons and property, the confirtnation of ranks and employ to military and civil offices, and protection and rewards to others.—lt appears that Boyer resists Christophe in these views of aggrundisenvedt.. By recent accounts from St. Domingo, it appears that Christoplie, failing in his efforts to induce that portion of the Island, under the new President, Boyer, the successor df Petion, to acknowledge his authority, is marching to attack Port-au-Prineo, and that Boyer is preparing to repel him. PRUSSIAN LOAN.—Privy-Couticellor Baraemann is arrived in London with the remaining ; obligations of this loan, completing the sum of 5,000:000 sterling. They are at present in the possession of Mr. Rothschild, the contractor, who will deliver them in a few days to the subscribers. Extra& of a letter from Bilboa, dated Aug. 17 : " We hailed with much satisfaction the arrival of the Diana frLate ; no sooner had she appeared, than the insurgent privateers ; which previously infested our coast, diaappeared, kt the great joy of the iahabitauts. By the latest advises also from Cadiz, we learn that two or thrze English ships of war are off that coast, nu deubt for the purpose of preserving some little respect for legitimate flaw. Such is the present state of Spain —at nation that once meditated an invasion of Great Britain is now glad even of nominal protect:tat from two or three of her frigates " anzaT IrFtriovinteNrr IN To IDlr..—Wc experience real satisfaction in stating, that at Dudley, Stour ' bridge, &c., the iron trade was never known so brisk as it is at this moment ; the foreign orders are so great. that it is impossible to get through them with sufficient celerity ; we may also add, that the pipes and other apparatus connected with gas works, give employment to a east number of hands. The nail trade is also so brisk, that Ole masters at Dudley and Stotathridge have recently le.sen able to raise the wages of their workmen. To a feeling and patriotic mind, nothing can be more gratifying than to observe the contrast which the :shave districts present when the autumn of 1816 is compared with the present time : at the former period, all was distresa and dismay : at the presaut, all is ildustry and opulettce. ‘/) i -- <JI -- lie El Al 4 r Il• • " few Palace. Sept. S. •• Q 1 .41111. 1 * =pa early part of last night, WS her Majesty li e di the mine state as yesterday.. , • " FRANCIS MILLNIAN. " pew Palace, Sept. 9. " Her Majesty has paned& good night. and is beery this morning. 6 H. H ALFORD." " FRANCIS MILLMAN." '• New Palace r Sopt. 10. " Her Majesty has passed agoocinitht, but remains nearly in the same state as yesterday. " IL HALFORD. " F. MILLMAN." gni Palace. •• There is no Material ifteratical In " thee state of the Sept. I Quee health since yesterday, although her MaOsty has had some gondskep in the last night. " FRANCIS MILLMAN." The Queen has found ninth benefit fro u a couch. which has been made under the direction of the Prince Regent, and was sent down to Kew, on Wedneeday • night. It is so contrived, that it can be used either in • an upright sitting posture, with complete support fite . every part of the body, or it can be gradually inclined, . by machinery, to any degree of recumbency, without is perceptible motion to the patient.. Her Majesty slept in it, on Wedritsday niglrt, and enjoyed tt more refresh ing sleep than had been expected. Up to eight o'clock, on Fridny evening, no chains had taken place. Her Majesty remained five from. any violent, symptom of her complaint, and, compared with the preceding 'Week, certainly in a much more favourable ,gate. The Duke of York arrived from the Hone Guards, and the Prince Regent from Hampton am rt, about six o'clock • and, after visiting her .‘l4d.rty, diet dined with the Princesses. Mr. Keate, and Mr. Branile. of Arlitegion-street,who firenishes the medicines fir thd nee of her Majesty, were both in attendance with Sir Francis Mittman, ore Thunday night, and slept at the Palace. Sir Henry lialford returned from Winds": Castle about three o'clock on Friday, and, we under. stand, left the Princess Sophia in a very indifferent state of health. Her Royal Highness has been frri. dently, declining ever since the death of the Princes, Charlotte. The following is the Bulletin of yesterdar. It we regret to observe, afan unfavourable description Sew Palate , sept. "The Quadrino had an indithrent night. and bcr Miuesty rt. mat moth indirpored, but without any material alteration in r or ernloweag HaN. HALFORD. " F. MILLMAN." The following bulletin was exhibited yesterday •• Kew Palace, Sept. ;3. " The Queen has had a very goat nigt e t til .but Inca Majesty's symp toms continue without any alteration in !' H. lIALFORD." Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess c? Kent, and suite, arrived at Dover on Su n d a y even l ag about six o'clock, and upon alighting immediately stn. barked on board the Royal Sovereign yacht, lyinic,in the harbour, under a salute from the gum wake heights, the yards of the yacht being manned, and it guard of honour drawn Op along the quay. About 7 their Royal HighnosatA sat down to dinner, the, band of the 3 let regiment, which was stationed on the gar= ter deck, playing a number of select and beautiful airs. Although ,the evening was not very fine, yet scmc thousands of persons were assembled to greet their Highnesses' arrival, who walked on the quarter deck fur some time, bowing to the poptslace. The yacht left the harbour at three en Monday merning, under a sal u te. Prince Leopold has given 100 guineas to the Nations! Schoohk and has also accepted of the office of steward at the next anniversary meeting, at St. Paul's Cathe dral, for the benefit of the Sons of the Clergy. Prince Leopold arrived at Lausanne on the 30th of August, on his way from Geneva. Having dined at the Hotel thi Pan,con, irs continued his route fo: Berne, where he tvill visit his sister, the Grand Duchess Co.. stantine of Rusia. Accounts have been received at Lloyd's, tkat two valuable Portuguese ships, insured in Londol, had been captured by two riratcs, with commisaigris hunt Artigas ; and such was the facility of procuring them, that a Captain, who had been in the river Plate, bought a whole quire of them from the worthy General for a mere trifle, leaving a blank fur the d escr ipti on o f t h e ship, captain, and crew, which might be Riled up at pleasure. • - '7 .• k_:!nrrAV! 7.77 r-, A 0 .•to""° - •••". -. . . ____:.": -- 1":7 1 """" 4 11rTewfills-- - --- -"r W r - - • ' l .- • jilition-40_ - ' , lt.igt•, .4 , x 4.7 • Our aging, Condtittstionaistitatuf. MONPAY, SPAPTEMBER 14, 19/11 P 914. - a ismaißmailimusguagummins a m ommamorps , )N. • must follow bis•own judgment for comae** mike, THE QUEEN. - even • small &Seism of sentiment must portent a --aloss. illitilt: Bulletins, imuid ohms oar istii, flaw concurrence in the vote. tam it will happen that Oa Lk', ii • vis e. sionsebat recovarieg :.... whole body who dlisivtima et di taristeia_4( Go. . .. Sew Pia. ikykt. itten article vemmentasissystem, and cowicientioaaly deem. adhange ' " M..= aWS %lir IlletT o Mmltio is attributed ! arid • necessary ; ate vievented from ever expressing their opi- .. H. Ilm.wman» .~" ` - lINVGC ~J w~: lin /7,4/, r A t . 111 :li • s ( A ".....":"...',‘. • ' ) , r,,_..11, 4 * i ' ;74 ,r4 " 4 " 4 \,' V i t f , .. ,44 1,, ....., ' '-'l. 'V I L. .~•~►', did