RESULT OP THE TREATY WITH THE UNITED STATES TO BRITISH COMMERCE. . 3i~ Among the most important events of the present slay, the / of the Government of the United States having yielded their !aim to any trade with India, is not the least How it will -•, he received in those divisions of the United States, that • have carried on so large and lucrative a trade with the Pr ilin.sis!a remains to be seen. It was announced so early as • last July or August in one of Mr. Madison's demi-official • onons (the R;chrnond Enquirer,', that this valuable privi ' lege would not be insisted on in the coarse of the (then -.; , proaching) Negociation ; and this • asset tion -called forth tt;e most pointed reprobation 'on the part of the federal ty, win argued from it that Mr. Madison %vas by no owans !lie limper min to negociate a treaty. But this part (.f the subject will come before the public, in a more in tcre•iolg and correct manner after the ratification of th e t•ea . ! shall havetaken piece, if Mr. Madison shall be in a 4 ' • :Pit:llion to ralifti it. r • The more interesting part of it to the British public at this fi.- rz;or»ent, is the additional field it opens to British merchants 40. and British tonnage. They have already proved that, the • I";‘pst Indio jrade can be carxied on with advantage by indivi, . Floss,. Henceforward they will have more room for their • e tioni from their possessing the exclusive right of access i i* " . • itish Tl:t.4e it another end an equally interesting light in which the stihject is to be viewed—that of revenue. It i, one of the most vital Importance, and from thethange .44 citcumstairces and the immense charges on our national ticht that have aecruesi within the past to years, affords eiit , tis ground for apprehension, .that from ti►a improved !toil, as to debt, unfettered state of the Continent, we shall 1 , - not be able to meet our rival in the commercial world upon it n , a.;:ooy thing like eq u al t e r ms . Th e d ut i es u p o n all art i c l es • her of luxury Or necessity must be reduced. The negli -gence and improvidence of the Legislature on this subject titre too evident in its conduct on the India (*barter bill, tiol railed for the most !Minted reprobation on the part of Clibnville in his speech .on . that question. '"girange to say, british rrierchasts were excluded from the' • 7 tots of China Oh the principle that the revenue must suffer, • ••,.ith Lord Grenville it was clear that no provision, however fo•eessary, can he. enforced, and his argument for allowing he„l3l it ish trader ' - Chi .he . . 'D lue collected. to tits*, we %,,ompany s monopoly was in ilie_Biiiish trader to go to China, appears to have arisen from full vigour, and the revenue had the whole unqualifica be- tile Fame opinion as tiiat .wjiich induced him to permit the nefit of every security which that syttem could provide. No American merchant to trade to India, and convey India pro- British vessel could at that time, without the express permi- r!urtf to Canada, an 'opinion In which he was Fu p port ed by !Sion d (he Company, enter into . the seas of India or of the Ihte Lord Melville and the then Court of Directors—an i China, into the Ethiopic, or the Pacific Ocean ; yet parli.4- opinion in width he w o uld bai t b een an d w ill h e , j o i ne d b y i meut was even then compelled to reduce the duty, and we cverY-to.l4glitened statesman, and for the plain 'end simple lootniuuted it for a butdennan, tail on our own bouscs. Him . , . • ~_•,, ~::.!,... .-: :•:. 47, -,.4 . •!" , "..", .' • •,:. .. . . . 7 , .., 4 7 ~, . .,1e! ....' e: ,* j it . 44.i-T: .1 ;i% . t..1 , -' ;.. ;'('•-.•.: . • . . ri .. - , : ,4, _- I , fs , i4llo"*l'll 10 , 41.'W . #i.' •, ', ~ . , . . -.• •l -4_ islands," said the noble speaker, " we know must be free. this admits of no daub' ; let us then suppose the private trader admitted 'there to free • navigation and commerce, but ex cluded from direct access to China. What follows? Every article of the commerce of China which he wishes to procure, its cottons, its silks, its tea, will be brought to him in what ever port he chuses of the eastein Archipelago. Against this danger, as some would call it. against this great ad vantage as I consider it, what precaution would the spirit of monopoly advise? Shall we meet it with the revenue system by which the British Coasts are guarded ? Can we establish along the whole extent of Java and Sumatra and . Malacca. our entries and clearances, our bonds and certificates and dockets as in the ;wit of London ? Can we bui:d British Cus tom houses in all that vast chain of countless islands which encircles the sea of China, placed there as if in mockery of such a vain imaginat.ion, and stretching in uninterrupted con tinuance from Ave almost to New Holland, and thence again northward by Borneo and the Phillipines, to the "'try boundaries of the' Russian empire It would be to consider ' such a piojeet too seriously, to remind your Lordships that .the whole army of revenue officers now employed through:. out the British empire, with all their expense and patronage and influence, would not suffice to execute the smallest part -of such a provision, which, if it fails even in a single instance, is defeated in the vibrate; where if any one channel of estape remains unclosed, the whole dyke with all its difficulty and cost and labour, becomes only a useless burthen to the earth. " To Europe. therefore, not indeed by lawful bade, butt in despite of all your prohibitions, and by that vet) , motto.- bawd, if contraband it can *be called, against whiCh your exclusion is directed, eve!) , article of China produce and manufacture can easily Le brought. But you may at least prohibit your merchants from bringing them into the British pmts. Yon may so. And whenever peace is restored to Europe, the consequence will be the same as the same pro hibition has before produced. Ostend, Calais, Boulogn.., the whole coasts of the narrow seas, will again he lined with depots of tea for smuggling, with tea brought there by Bri tish trade frutn the Eastern islands, or by foreign trade direct from China. " But, in truth, my Lords, not only is the.provision im practicable, the object itself is hopeless. Our : past experience teaches us, with unerring certainty, that in peace the reve nue which we raise on tea cannot, at its present rate of duty, be collected. In 1785. the Company's monopoly *as in F -11 *l, - ' ~- ~t - ,43t; . ei, 1 4 ...•,t,-.; ~., 4„c., .; , 2 . ~ „v , - - -- Ncia - • . c•••-r- - ----, 7 , ; -. 7 - : , - _ 7 7 --, ' •"" kte ". '',''' ? . : 1.'.. ' '''' l :1 . . 0 % :, "2, : ... ‘ z :i . I .- %, ...A6... 5t." .. Z 4 • 4 •-• ' ''' ••••-- .. . .•'.. .4 ' ...", ' : • • - ft' ' 4 --"0- - kl-14-144111 A••-• .. , ' -.. _ •-:- , ~; ik-44 ~ , ot,-..."test ; - 7 - , .-i - ._ ~,' --.-, ~ -4•142,,,,t,, ~- . z , ,_ • ~,-• ~ • 1 4 ' . . to. the laws a _and veneration for the immortal institutions 1 reason dui as an indirect trade tanntit be prevented, It is u Fell of our ancestors, as the principle which will alone enableell to make tlie permission for a direct commercial inter- us to survtve any of the storms that may assail the vessel course, a matter of favour and the means of obtaining an of. the, State. equivalent advantage in negotiation. " The trade of the British merchants with the Eastern