The Quantum Cryptography Approach: Unleashing the Potential of Quantum
  Key Reconciliation Protocol for Secure Communication
Quantum cryptography is the study of delivering secret communications across
a quantum channel. Recently, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) has been recognized
as the most important breakthrough in quantum cryptography. This process
facilitates two distant parties to share secure communications based on
physical laws. The BB84 protocol was developed in 1984 and remains the most
widely used among BB92, Ekert91, COW, and SARG04 protocols. However the
practical security of QKD with imperfect devices have been widely discussed,
and there are many ways to guarantee that generated key by QKD still provides
unconditional security. This paper proposed a novel method that allows users to
communicate while generating the secure keys as well as securing the
transmission without any leakage of the data. In this approach sender will
never reveal her basis, hence neither the receiver nor the intruder will get
knowledge of the fundamental basis.Further to detect Eve, polynomial
interpolation is also used as a key verification technique. In order to fully
utilize the quantum computing capabilities provided by IBM quantum computers,
the protocol is executed using the Qiskit backend for 45 qubits. This article
discusses a plot of % error against alpha (strength of eavesdropping). As a
result, different types of noise have been included, and the success
probability of the desired key bits has been determined. Furthermore, the
success probability under depolarizing noise is explained for different qubit
counts.Last but not least, even when the applied noise is increased to maximum
capacity, a 50% probability of successful key generation is still observed in
an experiment.
Neha Sharma Vikas Saxena