IBM Quantum Computers: Evolution, Performance, and Future Directions
Quantum computers represent a transformative frontier in computational
technology, promising exponential speedups beyond classical computing limits.
IBM Quantum has led significant advancements in both hardware and software,
providing access to quantum hardware via IBM Cloud since 2016, achieving a
milestone with the world's first accessible quantum computer. This article
explores IBM's quantum computing journey, focusing on the development of
practical quantum computers. We summarize the evolution and advancements of IBM
Quantum's processors across generations, including their recent breakthrough
surpassing the 1,000-qubit barrier. The paper reviews detailed performance
metrics across various hardware, tracing their evolution over time and
highlighting IBM Quantum's transition from the noisy intermediate-scale quantum
(NISQ) computing era towards fault-tolerant quantum computing capabilities.
M. AbuGhanem