Parses a pin *spec*, returning the equivalent Broadcom GPIO port number
        or raising a :exc:`ValueError` exception if the spec does not represent
        a GPIO port.

        The *spec* may be given in any of the following forms:

        * An integer, which will be accepted as a GPIO number
        * 'GPIOn' where n is the GPIO number
        * 'WPIn' where n is the `wiringPi`_ pin number
        * 'BCMn' where n is the GPIO number (alias of GPIOn)
        * 'BOARDn' where n is the physical pin number on the main header
        * 'h:n' where h is the header name and n is the physical pin number
          (for example J8:5 is physical pin 5 on header J8, which is the main
          header on modern Raspberry Pis)

        .. _wiringPi: http://wiringpi.com/pins/

def to_gpio(self, spec):
        """
        Parses a pin *spec*, returning the equivalent Broadcom GPIO port number
        or raising a :exc:`ValueError` exception if the spec does not represent
        a GPIO port.

        The *spec* may be given in any of the following forms:

        * An integer, which will be accepted as a GPIO number
        * 'GPIOn' where n is the GPIO number
        * 'WPIn' where n is the `wiringPi`_ pin number
        * 'BCMn' where n is the GPIO number (alias of GPIOn)
        * 'BOARDn' where n is the physical pin number on the main header
        * 'h:n' where h is the header name and n is the physical pin number
          (for example J8:5 is physical pin 5 on header J8, which is the main
          header on modern Raspberry Pis)

        .. _wiringPi: http://wiringpi.com/pins/
        """
        if isinstance(spec, int):
            if not 0 <= spec < 54:
                raise PinInvalidPin('invalid GPIO port %d specified '
                                    '(range 0..53) ' % spec)
            return spec
        else:
            if isinstance(spec, bytes):
                spec = spec.decode('ascii')
            spec = spec.upper()
            if spec.isdigit():
                return self.to_gpio(int(spec))
            if spec.startswith('GPIO') and spec[4:].isdigit():
                return self.to_gpio(int(spec[4:]))
            elif spec.startswith('BCM') and spec[3:].isdigit():
                return self.to_gpio(int(spec[3:]))
            elif spec.startswith('WPI') and spec[3:].isdigit():
                main_head = 'P1' if 'P1' in self.headers else 'J8'
                try:
                    return self.to_gpio({
                        0:  '%s:11' % main_head,
                        1:  '%s:12' % main_head,
                        2:  '%s:13' % main_head,
                        3:  '%s:15' % main_head,
                        4:  '%s:16' % main_head,
                        5:  '%s:18' % main_head,
                        6:  '%s:22' % main_head,
                        7:  '%s:7'  % main_head,
                        8:  '%s:3'  % main_head,
                        9:  '%s:5'  % main_head,
                        10: '%s:24' % main_head,
                        11: '%s:26' % main_head,
                        12: '%s:19' % main_head,
                        13: '%s:21' % main_head,
                        14: '%s:23' % main_head,
                        15: '%s:8'  % main_head,
                        16: '%s:10' % main_head,
                        17: 'P5:3',
                        18: 'P5:4',
                        19: 'P5:5',
                        20: 'P5:6',
                        21: '%s:29' % main_head,
                        22: '%s:31' % main_head,
                        23: '%s:33' % main_head,
                        24: '%s:35' % main_head,
                        25: '%s:37' % main_head,
                        26: '%s:32' % main_head,
                        27: '%s:36' % main_head,
                        28: '%s:38' % main_head,
                        29: '%s:40' % main_head,
                        30: '%s:27' % main_head,
                        31: '%s:28' % main_head,
                        }[int(spec[3:])])
                except KeyError:
                    raise PinInvalidPin('%s is not a valid wiringPi pin' % spec)
            elif ':' in spec:
                header, pin = spec.split(':', 1)
                if pin.isdigit():
                    try:
                        header = self.headers[header]
                    except KeyError:
                        raise PinInvalidPin(
                            'there is no %s header on this Pi' % header)
                    try:
                        function = header.pins[int(pin)].function
                    except KeyError:
                        raise PinInvalidPin(
                            'no such pin %s on header %s' % (pin, header.name))
                    if function.startswith('GPIO') and function[4:].isdigit():
                        return self.to_gpio(int(function[4:]))
                    else:
                        raise PinInvalidPin('%s is not a GPIO pin' % spec)
            elif spec.startswith('BOARD') and spec[5:].isdigit():
                main_head = ({'P1', 'J8', 'SODIMM'} & set(self.headers)).pop()
                return self.to_gpio('%s:%s' % (main_head, spec[5:]))
            raise PinInvalidPin('%s is not a valid pin spec' % spec)