extracts all element of type `element_type from the `_ElementTree`
        representation of a SaltXML document and adds them to the corresponding
        `SaltDocument` attributes, i.e. `self.nodes`, `self.edges` and
        `self.layers`.

        Parameters
        ----------
        tree : lxml.etree._ElementTree
            an ElementTree that represents a complete SaltXML document
        element_type : str
            the tag name of a SaltXML element, e.g. `nodes` or `edges`

def _extract_elements(self, tree, element_type):
        """
        extracts all element of type `element_type from the `_ElementTree`
        representation of a SaltXML document and adds them to the corresponding
        `SaltDocument` attributes, i.e. `self.nodes`, `self.edges` and
        `self.layers`.

        Parameters
        ----------
        tree : lxml.etree._ElementTree
            an ElementTree that represents a complete SaltXML document
        element_type : str
            the tag name of a SaltXML element, e.g. `nodes` or `edges`
        """
        # creates a new attribute, e.g. 'self.nodes' and assigns it an
        # empty list
        setattr(self, element_type, [])
        etree_elements = get_elements(tree, element_type)
        for i, etree_element in enumerate(etree_elements):
            # create an instance of an element class (e.g. TokenNode)
            salt_element = create_class_instance(etree_element, i, self.doc_id)
            # and add it to the corresponding element type list,
            # e.g. 'self.nodes'
            getattr(self, element_type).append(salt_element)