Start a WSGI application. Optional features include a reloader,
    multithreading and fork support.

    This function has a command-line interface too::

        python -m werkzeug.serving --help

    .. versionadded:: 0.5
       `static_files` was added to simplify serving of static files as well
       as `passthrough_errors`.

    .. versionadded:: 0.6
       support for SSL was added.

    .. versionadded:: 0.8
       Added support for automatically loading a SSL context from certificate
       file and private key.

    .. versionadded:: 0.9
       Added command-line interface.

    .. versionadded:: 0.10
       Improved the reloader and added support for changing the backend
       through the `reloader_type` parameter.  See :ref:`reloader`
       for more information.

    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
        Bind to a Unix socket by passing a path that starts with
        ``unix://`` as the ``hostname``.

    :param hostname: The host to bind to, for example ``'localhost'``.
        If the value is a path that starts with ``unix://`` it will bind
        to a Unix socket instead of a TCP socket..
    :param port: The port for the server.  eg: ``8080``
    :param application: the WSGI application to execute
    :param use_reloader: should the server automatically restart the python
                         process if modules were changed?
    :param use_debugger: should the werkzeug debugging system be used?
    :param use_evalex: should the exception evaluation feature be enabled?
    :param extra_files: a list of files the reloader should watch
                        additionally to the modules.  For example configuration
                        files.
    :param reloader_interval: the interval for the reloader in seconds.
    :param reloader_type: the type of reloader to use.  The default is
                          auto detection.  Valid values are ``'stat'`` and
                          ``'watchdog'``. See :ref:`reloader` for more
                          information.
    :param threaded: should the process handle each request in a separate
                     thread?
    :param processes: if greater than 1 then handle each request in a new process
                      up to this maximum number of concurrent processes.
    :param request_handler: optional parameter that can be used to replace
                            the default one.  You can use this to replace it
                            with a different
                            :class:`~BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler`
                            subclass.
    :param static_files: a list or dict of paths for static files.  This works
                         exactly like :class:`SharedDataMiddleware`, it's actually
                         just wrapping the application in that middleware before
                         serving.
    :param passthrough_errors: set this to `True` to disable the error catching.
                               This means that the server will die on errors but
                               it can be useful to hook debuggers in (pdb etc.)
    :param ssl_context: an SSL context for the connection. Either an
                        :class:`ssl.SSLContext`, a tuple in the form
                        ``(cert_file, pkey_file)``, the string ``'adhoc'`` if
                        the server should automatically create one, or ``None``
                        to disable SSL (which is the default).

def run_simple(
    hostname,
    port,
    application,
    use_reloader=False,
    use_debugger=False,
    use_evalex=True,
    extra_files=None,
    reloader_interval=1,
    reloader_type="auto",
    threaded=False,
    processes=1,
    request_handler=None,
    static_files=None,
    passthrough_errors=False,
    ssl_context=None,
):
    """Start a WSGI application. Optional features include a reloader,
    multithreading and fork support.

    This function has a command-line interface too::

        python -m werkzeug.serving --help

    .. versionadded:: 0.5
       `static_files` was added to simplify serving of static files as well
       as `passthrough_errors`.

    .. versionadded:: 0.6
       support for SSL was added.

    .. versionadded:: 0.8
       Added support for automatically loading a SSL context from certificate
       file and private key.

    .. versionadded:: 0.9
       Added command-line interface.

    .. versionadded:: 0.10
       Improved the reloader and added support for changing the backend
       through the `reloader_type` parameter.  See :ref:`reloader`
       for more information.

    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
        Bind to a Unix socket by passing a path that starts with
        ``unix://`` as the ``hostname``.

    :param hostname: The host to bind to, for example ``'localhost'``.
        If the value is a path that starts with ``unix://`` it will bind
        to a Unix socket instead of a TCP socket..
    :param port: The port for the server.  eg: ``8080``
    :param application: the WSGI application to execute
    :param use_reloader: should the server automatically restart the python
                         process if modules were changed?
    :param use_debugger: should the werkzeug debugging system be used?
    :param use_evalex: should the exception evaluation feature be enabled?
    :param extra_files: a list of files the reloader should watch
                        additionally to the modules.  For example configuration
                        files.
    :param reloader_interval: the interval for the reloader in seconds.
    :param reloader_type: the type of reloader to use.  The default is
                          auto detection.  Valid values are ``'stat'`` and
                          ``'watchdog'``. See :ref:`reloader` for more
                          information.
    :param threaded: should the process handle each request in a separate
                     thread?
    :param processes: if greater than 1 then handle each request in a new process
                      up to this maximum number of concurrent processes.
    :param request_handler: optional parameter that can be used to replace
                            the default one.  You can use this to replace it
                            with a different
                            :class:`~BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler`
                            subclass.
    :param static_files: a list or dict of paths for static files.  This works
                         exactly like :class:`SharedDataMiddleware`, it's actually
                         just wrapping the application in that middleware before
                         serving.
    :param passthrough_errors: set this to `True` to disable the error catching.
                               This means that the server will die on errors but
                               it can be useful to hook debuggers in (pdb etc.)
    :param ssl_context: an SSL context for the connection. Either an
                        :class:`ssl.SSLContext`, a tuple in the form
                        ``(cert_file, pkey_file)``, the string ``'adhoc'`` if
                        the server should automatically create one, or ``None``
                        to disable SSL (which is the default).
    """
    if not isinstance(port, int):
        raise TypeError("port must be an integer")
    if use_debugger:
        from .debug import DebuggedApplication

        application = DebuggedApplication(application, use_evalex)
    if static_files:
        from .middleware.shared_data import SharedDataMiddleware

        application = SharedDataMiddleware(application, static_files)

    def log_startup(sock):
        display_hostname = hostname if hostname not in ("", "*") else "localhost"
        quit_msg = "(Press CTRL+C to quit)"
        if sock.family == af_unix:
            _log("info", " * Running on %s %s", display_hostname, quit_msg)
        else:
            if ":" in display_hostname:
                display_hostname = "[%s]" % display_hostname
            port = sock.getsockname()[1]
            _log(
                "info",
                " * Running on %s://%s:%d/ %s",
                "http" if ssl_context is None else "https",
                display_hostname,
                port,
                quit_msg,
            )

    def inner():
        try:
            fd = int(os.environ["WERKZEUG_SERVER_FD"])
        except (LookupError, ValueError):
            fd = None
        srv = make_server(
            hostname,
            port,
            application,
            threaded,
            processes,
            request_handler,
            passthrough_errors,
            ssl_context,
            fd=fd,
        )
        if fd is None:
            log_startup(srv.socket)
        srv.serve_forever()

    if use_reloader:
        # If we're not running already in the subprocess that is the
        # reloader we want to open up a socket early to make sure the
        # port is actually available.
        if not is_running_from_reloader():
            if port == 0 and not can_open_by_fd:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Cannot bind to a random port with enabled "
                    "reloader if the Python interpreter does "
                    "not support socket opening by fd."
                )

            # Create and destroy a socket so that any exceptions are
            # raised before we spawn a separate Python interpreter and
            # lose this ability.
            address_family = select_address_family(hostname, port)
            server_address = get_sockaddr(hostname, port, address_family)
            s = socket.socket(address_family, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
            s.bind(server_address)
            if hasattr(s, "set_inheritable"):
                s.set_inheritable(True)

            # If we can open the socket by file descriptor, then we can just
            # reuse this one and our socket will survive the restarts.
            if can_open_by_fd:
                os.environ["WERKZEUG_SERVER_FD"] = str(s.fileno())
                s.listen(LISTEN_QUEUE)
                log_startup(s)
            else:
                s.close()
                if address_family == af_unix:
                    _log("info", "Unlinking %s" % server_address)
                    os.unlink(server_address)

        # Do not use relative imports, otherwise "python -m werkzeug.serving"
        # breaks.
        from ._reloader import run_with_reloader

        run_with_reloader(inner, extra_files, reloader_interval, reloader_type)
    else:
        inner()