Is the centrality dependence of the elliptic flow v 2 and of the average < p$_{T}$ > more than a Core-Corona Effect? J. Aichelin and K. Werner SUBATECH  Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associ´ees  Universit´e de Nantes - IN2P3/CNRS - Ecole des Mines de Nantes 4 rue Alfred Kastler  F-44072 Nantes  Cedex 03  France (Dated: August 17  2018) Recently we have shown that the centrality dependence of the multiplicity of different hadron species observed in RHIC and SPS experiments can be well understood in a simple model  dubbed core-corona model. There it is assumed that those incoming nucleons which scatter only once produce hadrons as in pp collisions whereas those which scatter more often form an equilibrated source which decays according to phase space. In this article we show that also kinematical variables like v 2 /ϵ part ( N part ) as well as v i $_{2}$/ϵ part ( N part ) and < p i $_{T}$( N part ) > of identified particles are well described in this model. The correlation of < p i T > between peripheral heavy ion collisions and pp collisions for different hadrons  reproduced in this model  questions whether hydrodynamical calculations are the proper tool to describe non-central heavy ion collision. The model explains as well the centrality dependence of v 2 /ϵ part of charged particles  considered up to now as an observable which allows to determine the viscosity of the quark gluon plasma. The observed dependence of v i $_{2}$/ϵ part ( N part ) on the particle species is a simple consequence of the different ratios of core to corona particles. PACS numbers: Simulations of heavy ion collisions with advanced event generators like EPOS [ ? ]  which reproduce a multitude of experimental observables  have revealed that nucleons at the surface of the reaction zone (called corona parti- cles) have only few collisions and do not come to statis- tical equilibrium with the more central (core) particles which form an equilibrated system. To study the conse- quences of this observation we have developed a simple model [2] by defining corona particles as those nucleons which have only one initial collision whereas the others are considered as core particles. f$_{core}$ is the fraction of core nucleons which depends on the centrality  the sys- tem size and (weakly) on the beam energy. In this sim- ple model we could show that  independent of the system size  the centrality dependence of the multiplicity of all hadrons from SPS to RHIC energies can quantitatively be described by: where f$_{core}$   shown in Fig. 1  has been calculated in a Glauber model and i refers to the hadron species. For our calculation we fix M i core by applying eq. 1 to the most central AuAu or PbPb data point. M i corona is given as half of the multiplicity measured in pp collisions. Once these parameters are fixed  the centrality dependence of M i is determined by eq. 1. Especially the centrality de- pendence of the lighter CuCu system follows then with- out any further input. Certainly this is a very simple model with no free parameter (besides the Glauber cal- culation of f$_{core}$ ) but the present experimental error bars of the quantities which we analyze give not sufficient in- formation to refine the model. One may ask whether the core - corona model can also describe the centrality dependence of other observables  like < p$_{T}$ > ( N$_{part}$ ) or v$_{2}$/ϵ$_{part}$ ( N$_{part}$ ) of charged parti- cles or identified hadrons. Especially the centrality de- pendence of v$_{2}$/ϵ$_{part}$ ( N$_{part}$ ) has recently created a lot of theoretical activities. Initially the azimuthal distribution FIG. 1: f core the fraction of core nucleons as a function of the participant number N part for AuAu and CuCu collisions at √$_{s}$ = 200 GeV . M $^{i}$( N$_{part}$ ) (1) = N$_{part}$ [ $^{f$_{core}$}$· M i core + (1 − f$_{core}$ $^{)}$· M i $_{corona}$] 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 AuAu CuCu arXiv:1001.1545v2 [nucl-th] 11 Jul 2010