<reponame>aidiss/disciplines
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Justifications for interdisciplinary work

This module checks what is the justification for interdisciplinary work.
It cheks it based on text that are available

Args:
    authors
    concepts
    data
    claim
    theory

Data:
    career paths : (remember biology studies, posted in Eurodoc or LSYR fb page)
    space of progress: where is it happening, outskirts or inside
    borders : what are borders of discipline?
    border change : how borders are changing. Can be based on snapshots
    concern : is concern 'benefit of society'
    benefit of society : what words are used for that?
    partitions between sciences : where are those? how are they related to borders?
    field work : was is a case?
"""

authors = ['Vinck, Granovetter']
concepts = ['career paths', # : (remember biology studies, posted in Eurodoc or LSYR fb page)
    'space of progress', #where is it happening, outskirts or inside
    'borders', #what are borders of discipline?
    'border change', #how borders are changing. Can be based on snapshots
    'concern', #is concern 'benefit of society'
    'benefit of society',  #what words are used for that?
    'partitions between sciences',  #where are those? how are they related to borders?
   ' field work'] #: was is a case?]
data = []
claim = []
theory = ''' '''
approach = []
reading = []

def is_justification_scientific_creativity():
    """ Scientific creativity.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        Scientific creativity: the results of this are all the more fruitful when unexpected
        parallels occur. Many discoveries stem from the fact that researchers work outside of
        their speciality: Lavoisier handled explosives but was also a tax farmer (accountant and
        tax collector); Pasteur was a chemist; Einstein was an engineer working in a technological
        invention offi ce. The greatest scholars were heroes, brave enough to question the
        established knowledge passed on via routine education. Theoretical innovation seems to
        occur at the interstices and not at the core of introspective disciplines. Paradoxically, in
        places with the highest density of researchers, there is a smaller probability of innovation
        per capita. The creation of new disciplines is linked to the impossibility of following a
        career in established and prestigious disciplines. Morever, there is a greater transfer of
        ideas when researchers work at their discipline boundaries and cross over, if only slightly,
        into other disciplines (Granovetter, 1973).  
        Examples:
            Einstein
            Lavoisier

    impossibility_of_following_a_career

    <NAME>. (1973), ‘The strength of weak ties’, American Journal of
    Sociology, 78, 1360–80.

    """
    return

def is_justification_conquest(discipline):
    """ what.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        • Conquest: knowledge is a constantly expanding empire. Progress occurs at the outskirts of
        this empire. It is a question of clearing new land, discovering new continents and exploring the 
        frontiers of knowledge. These frontiers are similar to the boundaries of disciplines where 
        researchers are encouraged to work.
    
    Arguments:
        discipline

    Vars:
        empire = 
        expanding_empire =
        constanty_expanding_empire = 

    """
    return
    
def is_justification_relevence_of_scientific_work():
    """ what.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        Relevance of scientific work in relation to the object or issue at stake: when
        addressing certain problems, fragmented scientific approaches would appear to bear little
        fruit. In a socioeconomic context where the concern is to use research for the benefit
        of society, voices can be heard campaigning in favour of interdisciplinary approaches in
        order to step over the partitions between sciences.


    """
    return

def is_justification_concrete_research_work():
    """ Concere research work

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        when the focus of research is an instrument, an object or a land, it is sometimes necessary to 
        mobilise the resources of several disciplines. In anthropology, for example, researchers doing 
        fieldwork have to get around the problem of the language barrier; they have to decode the way 
        the people being studied talk about the world and classify its constituent parts; they have to 
        nderstand the codes of perception and translate these into their observer’s coding system. When 
        <NAME> (1992) tried to make a note of a few indigenous words (gaioes Indians in Brazil), he 
        had to solve problems relating to phonetics. Later, as he was working on a population census and
        attempting to locate a village on a map, he learnt the basics of geography, topography and 
        scale drawing, and then discovered botanical, topographical and zoological classifications,
        religion, law, psychology, politics and even medicine. Different disciplinary resources are 
        needed for better understanding in fieldwork.
        Examples:
            anthropology

    Surprise:
        Very nice! I like Di mata! His story is similar!

    
    is_fieldwork_intensive():
    fieldwork_Case

    <NAME>, R. (1992), ‘L’interdisciplinarité dans une perspective anthropologique: quelques réfl 
    exions de travail’, in E. Portella (ed.), Entre savoirs. L’interdisciplinarité en actes: enjeux, obstacles et résultats, Toulouse: Eres, pp. 57–76.
    """
    return

def justification_for_interdisciplinary_work(author):
    """ what.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Notes:

    """
    return
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Justifications for interdisciplinary work

This module checks what is the justification for interdisciplinary work.
It cheks it based on text that are available

Args:
    authors
    concepts
    data
    claim
    theory

Data:
    career paths : (remember biology studies, posted in Eurodoc or LSYR fb page)
    space of progress: where is it happening, outskirts or inside
    borders : what are borders of discipline?
    border change : how borders are changing. Can be based on snapshots
    concern : is concern 'benefit of society'
    benefit of society : what words are used for that?
    partitions between sciences : where are those? how are they related to borders?
    field work : was is a case?
"""

authors = ['Vinck, Granovetter']
concepts = ['career paths', # : (remember biology studies, posted in Eurodoc or LSYR fb page)
    'space of progress', #where is it happening, outskirts or inside
    'borders', #what are borders of discipline?
    'border change', #how borders are changing. Can be based on snapshots
    'concern', #is concern 'benefit of society'
    'benefit of society',  #what words are used for that?
    'partitions between sciences',  #where are those? how are they related to borders?
   ' field work'] #: was is a case?]
data = []
claim = []
theory = ''' '''
approach = []
reading = []

def is_justification_scientific_creativity():
    """ Scientific creativity.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        Scientific creativity: the results of this are all the more fruitful when unexpected
        parallels occur. Many discoveries stem from the fact that researchers work outside of
        their speciality: Lavoisier handled explosives but was also a tax farmer (accountant and
        tax collector); Pasteur was a chemist; Einstein was an engineer working in a technological
        invention offi ce. The greatest scholars were heroes, brave enough to question the
        established knowledge passed on via routine education. Theoretical innovation seems to
        occur at the interstices and not at the core of introspective disciplines. Paradoxically, in
        places with the highest density of researchers, there is a smaller probability of innovation
        per capita. The creation of new disciplines is linked to the impossibility of following a
        career in established and prestigious disciplines. Morever, there is a greater transfer of
        ideas when researchers work at their discipline boundaries and cross over, if only slightly,
        into other disciplines (Granovetter, 1973).  
        Examples:
            Einstein
            Lavoisier

    impossibility_of_following_a_career

    <NAME>. (1973), ‘The strength of weak ties’, American Journal of
    Sociology, 78, 1360–80.

    """
    return

def is_justification_conquest(discipline):
    """ what.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        • Conquest: knowledge is a constantly expanding empire. Progress occurs at the outskirts of
        this empire. It is a question of clearing new land, discovering new continents and exploring the 
        frontiers of knowledge. These frontiers are similar to the boundaries of disciplines where 
        researchers are encouraged to work.
    
    Arguments:
        discipline

    Vars:
        empire = 
        expanding_empire =
        constanty_expanding_empire = 

    """
    return
    
def is_justification_relevence_of_scientific_work():
    """ what.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        Relevance of scientific work in relation to the object or issue at stake: when
        addressing certain problems, fragmented scientific approaches would appear to bear little
        fruit. In a socioeconomic context where the concern is to use research for the benefit
        of society, voices can be heard campaigning in favour of interdisciplinary approaches in
        order to step over the partitions between sciences.


    """
    return

def is_justification_concrete_research_work():
    """ Concere research work

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Theory:
        when the focus of research is an instrument, an object or a land, it is sometimes necessary to 
        mobilise the resources of several disciplines. In anthropology, for example, researchers doing 
        fieldwork have to get around the problem of the language barrier; they have to decode the way 
        the people being studied talk about the world and classify its constituent parts; they have to 
        nderstand the codes of perception and translate these into their observer’s coding system. When 
        <NAME> (1992) tried to make a note of a few indigenous words (gaioes Indians in Brazil), he 
        had to solve problems relating to phonetics. Later, as he was working on a population census and
        attempting to locate a village on a map, he learnt the basics of geography, topography and 
        scale drawing, and then discovered botanical, topographical and zoological classifications,
        religion, law, psychology, politics and even medicine. Different disciplinary resources are 
        needed for better understanding in fieldwork.
        Examples:
            anthropology

    Surprise:
        Very nice! I like Di mata! His story is similar!

    
    is_fieldwork_intensive():
    fieldwork_Case

    <NAME>, R. (1992), ‘L’interdisciplinarité dans une perspective anthropologique: quelques réfl 
    exions de travail’, in E. Portella (ed.), Entre savoirs. L’interdisciplinarité en actes: enjeux, obstacles et résultats, Toulouse: Eres, pp. 57–76.
    """
    return

def justification_for_interdisciplinary_work(author):
    """ what.

    Longer.

    Args:

    Returns:

    Notes:

    """
    return
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- Justifications for interdisciplinary work  This module checks what is the justification for interdisciplinary work. It cheks it based on text that are available  Args:     authors     concepts     data     claim     theory  Data:     career paths : (remember biology studies, posted in Eurodoc or LSYR fb page)     space of progress: where is it happening, outskirts or inside     borders : what are borders of discipline?     border change : how borders are changing. Can be based on snapshots     concern : is concern 'benefit of society'     benefit of society : what words are used for that?     partitions between sciences : where are those? how are they related to borders?     field work : was is a case? # : (remember biology studies, posted in Eurodoc or LSYR fb page) #where is it happening, outskirts or inside #what are borders of discipline? #how borders are changing. Can be based on snapshots #is concern 'benefit of society' #what words are used for that? #where are those? how are they related to borders? #: was is a case?] Scientific creativity.      Longer.      Args:      Returns:      Theory:         Scientific creativity: the results of this are all the more fruitful when unexpected         parallels occur. Many discoveries stem from the fact that researchers work outside of         their speciality: Lavoisier handled explosives but was also a tax farmer (accountant and         tax collector); Pasteur was a chemist; Einstein was an engineer working in a technological         invention offi ce. The greatest scholars were heroes, brave enough to question the         established knowledge passed on via routine education. Theoretical innovation seems to         occur at the interstices and not at the core of introspective disciplines. Paradoxically, in         places with the highest density of researchers, there is a smaller probability of innovation         per capita. The creation of new disciplines is linked to the impossibility of following a         career in established and prestigious disciplines. Morever, there is a greater transfer of         ideas when researchers work at their discipline boundaries and cross over, if only slightly,         into other disciplines (Granovetter, 1973).           Examples:             Einstein             Lavoisier      impossibility_of_following_a_career      <NAME>. (1973), ‘The strength of weak ties’, American Journal of     Sociology, 78, 1360–80. what.      Longer.      Args:      Returns:      Theory:         • Conquest: knowledge is a constantly expanding empire. Progress occurs at the outskirts of         this empire. It is a question of clearing new land, discovering new continents and exploring the          frontiers of knowledge. These frontiers are similar to the boundaries of disciplines where          researchers are encouraged to work.          Arguments:         discipline      Vars:         empire =          expanding_empire =         constanty_expanding_empire = what.      Longer.      Args:      Returns:      Theory:         Relevance of scientific work in relation to the object or issue at stake: when         addressing certain problems, fragmented scientific approaches would appear to bear little         fruit. In a socioeconomic context where the concern is to use research for the benefit         of society, voices can be heard campaigning in favour of interdisciplinary approaches in         order to step over the partitions between sciences. Concere research work      Longer.      Args:      Returns:      Theory:         when the focus of research is an instrument, an object or a land, it is sometimes necessary to          mobilise the resources of several disciplines. In anthropology, for example, researchers doing          fieldwork have to get around the problem of the language barrier; they have to decode the way          the people being studied talk about the world and classify its constituent parts; they have to          nderstand the codes of perception and translate these into their observer’s coding system. When          <NAME> (1992) tried to make a note of a few indigenous words (gaioes Indians in Brazil), he          had to solve problems relating to phonetics. Later, as he was working on a population census and         attempting to locate a village on a map, he learnt the basics of geography, topography and          scale drawing, and then discovered botanical, topographical and zoological classifications,         religion, law, psychology, politics and even medicine. Different disciplinary resources are          needed for better understanding in fieldwork.         Examples:             anthropology      Surprise:         Very nice! I like Di mata! His story is similar!           is_fieldwork_intensive():     fieldwork_Case      <NAME>, R. (1992), ‘L’interdisciplinarité dans une perspective anthropologique: quelques réfl      exions de travail’, in E. Portella (ed.), Entre savoirs. L’interdisciplinarité en actes: enjeux, obstacles et résultats, Toulouse: Eres, pp. 57–76. what.      Longer.      Args:      Returns:      Notes: