user5167: I'm working on an embedded project, where I use arduinos as a "sensor shield" for RaspberryPi (I have model B).
The problem is, that the RaspberryPi's USB port is not powerfull enough to drive WiFi adapter and arduino with sensors. The solution is easy, I will power the sensors externally, not through the RPi. 
But I was wondering, is it possible to power whole Arduino externally (through Vin) and use the USB only for serial communication.
To clarify, I know how to solve my problem - use some other mean of communication, than USB - GPIO serial, I2C, wireless, etc... I'm just interested if the whole thing will work, with USB cable which has 5V lead cut, for example.
The main issue I can see with this is, that the USB<->Serial chip is powered through USB only, then it will now work.

user633: There are a couple of alternative solutions to the question that I think are worth mentioning.

Use a data only USB cable or manually cut  the VCC and GND wires of the cable.
Remove the USB poly fuse from the arduino board.
Connect external power to one of the input pins to measure the voltage. This measurement can then be used to determine if the external power is connected and is providing sufficient voltage. 
If it does the USB power should not be use anyways, otherwise an if statement can be used to disable the code that turns devices that draw power.
USB power will still be used to power the arduino board itself. It also has a limitation in that because the power supply could provide insufficient current it could draw the remaining required current from USB.


user3879: If you provide power to the Arduino through Vin this will disconnect USB power through the MOSFET switch.

5167: <p>I'm working on an embedded project, where I use arduinos as a "sensor shield" for RaspberryPi (I have model B).</p>

<p>The problem is, that the RaspberryPi's USB port is not powerfull enough to drive WiFi adapter and arduino with sensors. The solution is easy, I will power the sensors externally, not through the RPi. </p>

<p>But I was wondering, <strong>is it possible to power whole Arduino externally (through Vin) and use the USB only for serial communication.</strong></p>

<p>To clarify, I know how to solve my problem - use some other mean of communication, than USB - GPIO serial, I2C, wireless, etc... I'm just interested if the whole thing will work, with USB cable which has 5V lead cut, for example.</p>

<p>The main issue I can see with this is, that the USB&lt;->Serial chip is powered through USB only, then it will now work.</p>
 633: <p>There are a couple of alternative solutions to the question that I think are worth mentioning.</p>

<ol>
<li><p>Use a data only USB cable or manually cut  the VCC and GND wires of the cable.</p></li>
<li><p>Remove the USB poly fuse from the arduino board.</p></li>
<li><p>Connect external power to one of the input pins to measure the voltage. This measurement can then be used to determine if the external power is connected and is providing sufficient voltage. 
If it does the USB power should not be use anyways, otherwise an if statement can be used to disable the code that turns devices that draw power.
USB power will still be used to power the arduino board itself. It also has a limitation in that because the power supply could provide insufficient current it could draw the remaining required current from USB.</p></li>
</ol>
 3879: <p>If you provide power to the Arduino through <code>Vin</code> this will disconnect USB power through the MOSFET switch.</p>
