user19455: I have an analog sensor which I want to send data from my Arduino Certified Intel Edison to PC, without using a Serial Monitor and preferably putting the data into a text file. 

user17188: I believe you are looking for something like the Telemetry library.
Full disclaismer : I am the author
It allows you to send string, numbers, arrays, sparse arrays through the serial port for instance. Each sent data has a label, called topic, that is used to identify it.
The Pytelemety command line interface then allows you to connect to the serial port, plot received data in real time, write parameters to reconfigure the arduino from the computer, etc.
Example of arduino code thats send an incrementing counter
#include <Telemetry.h>

Telemetry TM;
int8_t counter;

void setup() {
  TM.begin(115200);
  counter = 0;
}

void loop() {
  TM.pub_i8("count",counter);
  counter++;
  delay(10); 
}

Overview of the CLI (Command-Line Interface)

Overview of a graph (not produced by the arduino program above)

Output to file is not implemented yet, although all received data is logged to a file (but this log also contains system information). However, this is an interesting feature, quite straightforward to implement, that I might add in coming days if you are interested.
Central documentation is available here.

19455: <p>I have an analog sensor which I want to send data from my Arduino Certified Intel Edison to PC, without using a Serial Monitor and preferably putting the data into a text file. </p>
 17188: <p>I believe you are looking for something like the <a href="https://github.com/Overdrivr/Telemetry" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Telemetry</a> library.</p>

<p><em>Full disclaismer : I am the author</em></p>

<p>It allows you to send string, numbers, arrays, sparse arrays through the serial port for instance. Each sent data has a label, called topic, that is used to identify it.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://github.com/Overdrivr/pytelemetrycli" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Pytelemety command line interface</a> then allows you to connect to the serial port, plot received data in real time, write parameters to reconfigure the arduino from the computer, etc.</p>

<p>Example of arduino code thats send an incrementing counter</p>

<pre><code>#include &lt;Telemetry.h&gt;

Telemetry TM;
int8_t counter;

void setup() {
  TM.begin(115200);
  counter = 0;
}

void loop() {
  TM.pub_i8("count",counter);
  counter++;
  delay(10); 
}
</code></pre>

<p>Overview of the CLI (Command-Line Interface)
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/mdnAs.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/mdnAs.png" alt="enter image description here"></a></p>

<p>Overview of a graph (not produced by the arduino program above)
<a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/FifYF.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/FifYF.png" alt="enter image description here"></a></p>

<p>Output to file is not implemented yet, although all received data is logged to a file (but this log also contains system information). However, this is an interesting feature, quite straightforward to implement, that I might add in coming days if you are interested.</p>

<p>Central documentation is available <a href="https://github.com/Overdrivr/Telemetry/wiki" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>.</p>
